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1、Outcomes&Outlook 2022-2023A P E C S e cre t ari at02 Message from the Executive Director04 About APEC16 Outcomes:APEC Thailand 202226 2022 Leaders Declaration28 Annex:Bangkok Goals on Bio-Circular-Green(BCG)Economy36 Reports and Analysis in 202239 Awards and Campaigns44 Outlook:APEC USA 202353 Key M

2、eetings in 202354 The APEC SecretariatContents1Cover photo:A Tapestry of Indonesian Vegetable Patches by Hana Krisna Arysta Inside cover:Fishing for Better Future by Bambang WirawanIn the past year,APEC officials in Thailand signaled renewed enthusiasm and commitment to cooperation despite differenc

3、es and disagreements borne by global geopolitics.The high-level gatherings covered all sectors crucial to the regions recovery from trade,health,tourism,forestry,and food security to the economic empowerment of women,and small and medium enterprises.In November 2022,APEC leaders met in Bangkok and s

4、uccessfully delivered a joint statement,as well as a watershed document in the Bangkok Goals on the Bio-Circular-Green(BCG)Economy,which will comprehensively advance APECs sustainability and inclusion objectives and which signals a welcome surge of emphasis on the environment.The outcomes of discuss

5、ions were guided by Thailands theme to“Open,Connect and Balance”the regions economy,and demonstrate how APEC recognizes that economic goals should include not just growth,but must also ensure the well-being of people,inclusion,equity,and sustainability.These values are being carried over to 2023,whe

6、n the United States take on the duties of APEC host.Members are focusing on the interconnected concepts of“resiliency,”“sustainability,”and“inclusivity,”recognizing as well that these have a direct impact on economic prosperity.This idea is neatly encapsulated by their theme:“Creating a Resilient an

7、d Sustainable Future for All.”It is my sincere hope that the spirit of cooperation and the get-it-done mindset fostered in Thailand will continue during the US host year.Message from the Executive DirectorDr Rebecca Sta.Maria Executive Director APEC SecretariatAPEC economies represent diversity in t

8、erms of culture,size and development.For initiatives to flourish,they will need to be inclusive,flexible and designed to benefit the majority rather than the few.It is not a rules-based forum,which means its most common currency is trust.Specifically,trust in the fact that each memberas well as each

9、 representative from the business community,or academia,or anyone brought to the tableis invested in a greater good brought about by cooperation rather than division.Trust has seen us over the course of many challenging events,including two major financial crises,disruptive trade tensions,and of cou

10、rse,the COVID-19 pandemic.We have heard many experts point out cracks in the old comfortable order but,so far because of this trust,multilateral cooperation endures.Im looking forward to seeing everyone again soon.324APEC Milestones2022 Bangkok,ThailandAs APEC emerges from COVID-19,economies work to

11、 reopen,reconnect and rebalance the region.In Thailand,APEC officials,ministers and leaders meet in person for the first time since 2020 to prepare for the post-pandemic era,which comes with a slew of challenges such as geopolitical conflict,high inflation,a slowing economy and supply chain disrupti

12、on.Aware of the need for an inclusive and sustainable recovery,as well as for the need to address head on climate change and other environmental challenges in a meaningful way,Leaders endorse the Bangkok Goals on the Bio-Circular-Green(BCG)Economya comprehensive framework to further APECs sustainabi

13、lity objectives.Leaders commit to advance these goals in a bold,responsive and comprehensive manner,merging existing commitments with new aspirational ones.2021 Wellington,New ZealandFaced with an ongoing pandemic and the biggest downturn in 75 years,APEC economies take extraordinary measures to res

14、pond to the economic and health crisis and work towards recovery.Leaders meet twice over the course of APECs first fully virtual yearfirst for an extraordinary informal retreat in July,to invigorate efforts to beat back the pandemic,and again in November.With success in facilitating trade in COVID-1

15、9 vaccines and related essential medical products and responding to the immediate challenge of climate change,the 2021 agenda also builds on the previous years launch of the Putrajaya Vision 2040 by setting out a plan for APECs work through the next two decades.The Aotearoa Plan of Action advances t

16、rade and economic growth in the present,while underpinning policy directions to support future generations.2020 Kuala Lumpur,MalaysiaThe APEC chair releases the Host Economy Leaders Statement,which commemorates the 30th year of APEC and echoes the APEC 2019 theme“Connecting People,Building the Futur

17、e.”The chair lays out the years achievements,notably in putting people at the center of the forums agenda,as well as issues important to people,such as inclusivity and the environment.The La Serena Roadmap for Women and Inclusive Growth was finalized this year,which acknowledges the urgent need to l

18、ift the role of women in the economy.Two significant ocean-related roadmaps were developed,for addressing Marine Debris and Combatting Illegal,Unreported and Unregulated Fishing.The chair recognizes that,working together,economies strengthen each other and rules-based international trade.The chair r

19、ecognizes that the needs of people in the Asia-Pacific are evolving,and encourages inclusive and sustainable solutions for future work.2019 Santiago,ChileThe APEC chair releases the Host Economy Leaders Statement,which commemorates the 30th year of APEC and echoes the APEC 2019 theme“Connecting Peop

20、le,Building the Future.”The chair lays out the years achievements,notably in putting people at the center of the forums agenda,as well as issues important to people,such as inclusivity and the environment.The La Serena Roadmap for Women is finalized this year,which acknowledges the urgent need to li

21、ft the role of women in the economy.Two significant ocean-related roadmaps are developed,for addressing Marine Debris and Combatting Illegal,Unreported and Unregulated Fishing.The chair recognizes that,working together,economies strengthen each other and rules-based international trade.The chair rec

22、ognizes that the needs of people in the Asia-Pacific are evolving and encourages inclusive and sustainable solutions for future work.2018 Port Moresby,Papua New GuineaThe APEC chair releases the Era Kone Statement,reflecting the work of member economies throughout 2018.It states that leaders reaffir

23、m the importance of trade liberalization and facilitation in achieving sustainable economic growth and in creating jobs.They recognize the contributions of the rules-based multilateral trading system in achieving this.APEC leaders commit to advancing inclusive growth through innovation,such as the u

24、se of digital technologies.They recognize that digital technologies are changing the way businesses and government operate,and although they come with challenges,they have the potential to provide significant widespread gains.To further APECs ability to meet these challenges,they endorse the Action

25、Agenda for the Digital Economy which lays out clear commitments to meet the digital future.About APEC5The idea of APEC was first publicly broached by former Prime Minister of Australia Bob Hawke during a speech in Seoul,Korea,on 31 January 1989.Ten months later,12 Asia-Pacific economies met in Canbe

26、rra to establish APEC.The founding members were Australia;Brunei Darussalam;Canada;Indonesia;Japan;Korea;Malaysia;New Zealand;the Philippines;Singapore;Thailand;and the United States.China;Hong Kong,China;and Chinese Taipei joined in 1991.Mexico and Papua New Guinea followed in 1993.Chile acceded in

27、 1994.And in 1998,Peru;Russia;and Viet Nam joined,taking the full membership to 21.Between 1989 and 1992,APEC met as an informal senior official-and ministerial-level dialogue.In 1993,former US President Bill Clinton established the practice of an annual APEC Economic Leaders Meeting to provide grea

28、ter strategic vision and direction for cooperation in the region.United StatesCanadaMexicoPeruChileNew ZealandAustraliaBrunei DarussalamRussiaPeoples Rupublic of ChinaPapua New GuineaRepublic of KoreaJapanViet NamMalaysiaSingaporeThailandHong Kong,ChinaIndonesiaPhilippinesChinese TaipeiAbout APEC672

29、017 Da Nang,Viet NamLeaders underline APECs crucial role in supporting a rules-based,free,open,fair,transparent and inclusive multilateral trading system.APEC commits to strengthening the ability of micro and small enterprises to compete in international markets and endorsed a strategy to create an

30、environment that enables them to go green and sustainable.The forum aims to meet the potential of the internet and digital economy through regulation and policy and seeks to prepare workersespecially those in vulnerable groupsfor the changing world of work through human resource development.To ensur

31、e food security in and beyond the Asia-Pacific region,particularly in the context of climate change and rural-urban development,the forum adopts the Food Security and Climate Change Multi-Year Action Plan 2018-2020.And through the creation of the APEC Vision Group,Leaders show their commitment to a

32、strategic and ambitious post-2020 vision that will position APEC to aim for 21st Century opportunities after the Bogor Goals are met.2016 Lima,PeruAPEC leaders reaffirm the member economies confidence in international trade as a mechanism for achieving positive economic and social change.This is aft

33、er throwing their support behind an agenda that pursues inclusive growth as the Asia-Pacific region takes strides to achieve a free and open trade area.Specifically,they express support for advancing the regional economic integration and growth agenda;developing human capital;modernizing micro,small

34、,and medium business;and enhancing regional food systems.In line with these priorities,APEC put forward policy commitments for members towards sustainable economic integration in the region.2015 Manila,PhilippinesAPEC leaders unite behind the opportunity to build inclusive economies in a bid to make

35、 economic growth felt broadly by more sectors in society.Acknowledging uneven global growth and the presence of risks and uncertainties in the global economy,the leaders agree to set forth policy enablers for integration of micro,small and medium enterprises in regional and global markets;for buildi

36、ng sustainable,and resilient communities;developing human capital;and enhancing the regional economic integration agenda.They also express support for the achievement of quality growth,and endorse a network on services cooperation,recognizing that the services sector represents a significant percent

37、age of businesses in the region.2014 Beijing,ChinaAPEC leaders commit to taking a concrete step towards greater regional economic integration by endorsing a roadmap to translate the vision of the Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific(FTAAP)into a reality.Members implement the first-ever APEC Connectiv

38、ity Blueprint to achieve targets for better physical,institutional and people-to-people linkages across the region by 2025.In order to capture higher value-added growth,policies to promote innovation,human resource development and sustainability are part of the new APEC Accord on Innovative Developm

39、ent,Economic Reform and Growth.Recognizing the importance of promoting diversified energy supplies,APEC economies agree to work toward doubling the share of renewables by 2030 in the regions energy mix,including in power generation.2013 Bali,IndonesiaAPEC leaders reaffirm their commitment to the rul

40、es-based multilateral trading system and achieving the successful Doha Round outcome at the World Trade Organization(WTO)9th Ministerial Conference.APEC Leaders endorse a multi-year plan on infrastructure development and investment.As a first step under this plan,a Public Private Partnership Centre

41、in Indonesia will be established.To encourage people-to-people connectivity,APEC seeks to promote cross-border cooperation with the target of 1 million intra-APEC university students per year by 2020.APEC holds its first joint Ministerial Meeting on Women and SMEs to promote women entrepreneurship.2

42、012 Vladivostok,RussiaAPEC leaders endorse an APEC List of Environmental Goods that directly and positively contribute to green growth and sustainable development objectives.APEC seeks to address transparency as a new next generation trade and investment issue,and leaders endorse the APEC Model Chap

43、ter on Transparency for RTAs/FTAs to be used as a guide by APEC economies.2011 Honolulu,United StatesAPEC leaders commit to taking concrete steps towards a seamless regional economy;addressing shared green growth objectives;and advancing regulatory cooperation and convergence.To reach these goals,AP

44、EC resolves to reduce,by the end 7About APECof 2015,applied tariff rates of environmental goods to 5 percent or less,taking into account economies circumstances,without prejudice to APEC members positions in the WTO.APEC sets the goal to reduce aggregate energy intensity by 45 percent by 2035.In add

45、ition,APEC commits to take specific steps by 2013 to implement good regulatory practices by ensuring internal coordination of regulatory work;assessing regulatory impacts;and conducting public consultation.2010 Yokohama,JapanAPEC leaders provide a roadmap for members to realize an economically integ

46、rated,robust and secure APEC community.This includes the formulation of a comprehensive,long-term growth strategy.APEC completes an assessment of its progress towards the Bogor Goals and finds significant gains in the areas of liberalizing trade in goods,services and investment,as well as trade faci

47、litation.APEC formulates the APEC Strategy for Investment and endorses the APEC New Strategy for Structural Reform.APEC holds its first APEC Ministerial Meeting on Food Security.2009 SingaporeAPEC resolves to pursue balanced,inclusive and sustainable growth,while leaders agree to extend their stands

48、till commitment on protectionism until 2010.The first-ever joint meetings of APEC senior trade and finance officials are held to address the economic crisis.APEC launches the Supply-Chain Connectivity Framework and the Ease of Doing Business Action Plan to make doing business in the region 25 percen

49、t cheaper,faster and easier by 2015.Member economies also commence work on an APEC Services Action Plan and an Environmental Goods and Services Work Program.2008 Lima,PeruAPEC economic leaders address the global financial crisis in the Lima Statement on the Global Economy,in which they commit to tak

50、e all necessary economic and financial measures to restore stability and growth,to reject protectionism and to intensify efforts to advance the WTOs Doha Development Agenda negotiations.APEC focuses on the social dimensions of trade,reducing the gap between developing and developed members and corpo

51、rate social responsibility.Leaders welcome the APEC Investment Facilitation Action Plan aimed at improving the investment environment in the region.2007 Sydney,AustraliaFor the first time,APEC member economies issue a Declaration on Climate Change,Energy Security and Clean Development outlining futu

52、re action in support of a new international climate change arrangement and announcing a forward program of practical,cooperative actions and initiatives.Leaders also adopt a major report on closer regional economic integration,including structural reform initiatives,and welcome the second APEC Trade

53、 Facilitation Action Plan which aims to reduce trade transaction costs by a further 5 percent by 2010.2006 Ha Noi,Viet NamAPEC economic leaders endorse the Ha Noi Action Plan which identifies specific actions and milestones to implement the Bogor Goals.Leaders conclude that the APEC Trade Facilitati

54、on Action Plan has achieved its target of a 5 percent reduction in trade transaction costs in the region between 2002 and 2006.APEC takes a strategic approach to reform fora and strengthen the Secretariat.2005 Busan,KoreaAPEC completes the Mid-Term Stock-take of Progress towards the Bogor Goals.The

55、stock-take finds that average tariffs in the APEC region have been reduced to 5.5 per cent,down from 16.9 percent when APEC was established in 1989,and that APEC is on schedule to meet the Bogor Goals.It also outlines the Busan Roadmap to the Bogor Goals.The APEC Privacy Framework is launched.2004 S

56、antiago,ChileAPEC adopts best practices for RTAs and FTAs,a reference guide for APEC members undertaking RTA/FTA negotiations.The Leaders Agenda to Implement Structural Reform(LAISR)is launched.It addresses five priority areas:regulatory reform;corporate governance;public governance;competition poli

57、cy;and strengthening economic legal infrastructure.Leaders endorse the Santiago Commitment to Fight Corruption and Ensure Transparency.2003 Bangkok,ThailandMembers undertake to implement the APEC Action Plan on SARS and the Health Security Initiative to help the region prevent and respond to health

58、threats.Leaders pledge to strengthen regional efforts to promote sound and efficient financial systems and encourage the development of domestic and regional bond markets.82002 Los Cabos,MexicoAPEC adopts a Trade Facilitation Action Plan and the Statement to Implement APEC Policies on Trade and the

59、Digital Economy.The Secure Trade in the APEC Region(STAR)initiative is launched and a Statement to Implement APEC Transparency Standards is endorsed.2001 Shanghai,Peoples Republic of ChinaLeaders issue APECs first Statement on Counter-Terrorism and pledge to enhance counter-terrorism cooperation.Lea

60、ders also adopt the Shanghai Accord which focuses on:broadening the APEC vision to reflect changes resulting from the digital economy;clarifying the roadmap to reach the Bogor Goals;and strengthening the IAP Peer Review Process and capacity building activities.An e-APEC Strategy,identifying the nece

61、ssary policy environment and specifying appropriate goals and actions to maximize the benefits of the digital economy,is also endorsed.2000 Bandar Seri Begawan,Brunei DarussalamAPEC commits to the Action Agenda for the New Economy.Leaders set the goals of tripling internet access throughout the APEC

62、 region by 2005 and achieving universal access by 2010.91999 Auckland,New ZealandAPEC leaders endorse the APEC Principles to Enhance Competition and Regulatory Reform,aimed at addressing the structural and regulatory weaknesses that contributed to the Asian Financial Crisis.APEC commits to paperless

63、 trading by 2005 in developed economies and 2010 in developing economies.The APEC Business Travel Card scheme is approved and a Mutual Recognition Arrangement on Electrical Equipment and a Framework for the Integration of Women in APEC are endorsed.1998 Kuala Lumpur,MalaysiaAPEC ministers agree on a

64、 Blueprint for Action on Electronic Commerce,including a commitment to paperless trading by 2005 in developed economies and by 2010 in developing economies.1997 Vancouver,CanadaAPEC endorses a proposal for early voluntary sectoral liberalization in 15 sectors and decides that individual action plans

65、 should be updated annually.1996 Manila,PhilippinesThe Manila Action Plan for APEC is adopted,outlining the trade and investment liberalization and facilitation measures required to reach the Bogor Goals.The first collective and individual action plans are compiled,outlining how economies will achie

66、ve the free trade goals.1995 Osaka,JapanAPEC adopts the Osaka Action Agenda which provides a framework for meeting the Bogor Goals through trade and investment liberalization,business facilitation and sectoral activities,underpinned by policy dialogues and economic and technical cooperation.The APEC

67、 Business Advisory Council is established to inject a business perspective into APEC deliberations and to give advice on business sector priorities.1994 Bogor,IndonesiaAPEC sets the Bogor Goals of“free and open trade and investment in the Asia-Pacific by 2010 for industrialized economies and 2020 fo

68、r developing economies.”The Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations conducted under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade is concluded.APEC is widely considered to have been a significant force in bringing the Uruguay Round to a conclusion.1993 Blake Island,United StatesAPEC Economic L

69、eaders meet for the first time and outline APECs vision of“stability,security and prosperity for our peoples.”1989 Canberra,AustraliaAPEC begins as an informal ministerial-level dialogue group with 12 founding members.9111110Member Economy and Year JoinedPopulation in 2021(thousands)GDP in 2021(US$m

70、)GDP per capita in 2021(US$)Imports of Merchandise Goods and Commercial in 2021 (US$m)Exports of Merchandise Goods and Commercial Services in 2021 (US$m)Australia(1989)25,739.31,542,659.959,934.1299,061389,376Brunei Darussalam(1989)441.514,006.631,722.79,45011,231Canada(1989)38,246.11,990,761.652,05

71、1.4607,716610,263Chile(1994)19,212.4317,058.516,502.8107,962101,295China(1991)1,412,360.017,734,062.612,556.33,126,7103,754,448Hong Kong,China(1991)7,413.1368,139.249,660.6773,912746,555Indonesia(1989)276,361.81,186,093.04,291.8224,702243,431Japan(1989)125,681.64,937,421.939,285.2974,180920,028Korea

72、(1989)51,744.91,798,533.934,757.7740,742766,373Malaysia(1989)32,776.2372,701.411,371.1273,296319,821Mexico(1993)130,262.21,293,037.99,926.4560,775521,804New Zealand(1989)5,122.6249,991.548,801.763,05754,033Papua New Guinea(1993)9,119.026,594.32,916.43,95910,531Peru(1989)33,359.4223,249.56,692.260,97

73、662,214The Philippines(1989)111,046.9394,086.43,548.8143,432108,223Russia(1998)143,446.11,775,799.912,172.8378,702549,472Singapore(1989)5,453.6396,986.972,794.0629,582686,909Chinese Taipei(1991)23,468.3774,942.033,011.0421,147499,564Thailand(1989)69,950.8505,981.77,233.4332,124296,182United States(1

74、989)331,893.722,996,100.069,287.53,460,1922,526,179Viet Nam(1998)98,168.8362,637.53,694.0350,797339,427APEC2,951,268.359,260,846.220,069.713,542,47413,517,359World7,836,630.896,100,091.012,262.928,125,24328,322,422Source:StatsAPEC Extracted:January 2023Benefits of APECAPEC has grown to become a dyna

75、mic engine of economic growth and one of the most important regional forums in the Asia-Pacific.Its 21-member economies are home to around 2.95 billion people and represent approximately 62 percent of world GDP and 48 percent of world trade in 2021.As a result of APECs work,growth has soared in the

76、region,with real GDP more than doubling from approximately just USD 19 trillion in 1989 to USD 52.8 trillion in 2021.Meanwhile,residents of the Asia-Pacific saw their per capita income rise almost fourfold,lifting millions out of poverty and creating a growing middle class in about three decades.Bri

77、nging the region closer together,reducing trade barriers and smoothing out differences in regulations have boosted trade which has also led to this dramatic increase in prosperity.Average tariffs fell from 17 percent in 1989 to 5.3 percent in 2021.During that same period,the APEC regions total merch

78、andise trade increased nine-foldoutpacing the rest of the world with more than two-thirds of this trade occurring between member economies.Economic DataAbout APECThe APEC ProcessAPEC operates as a cooperative,multilateral economic and trade forum.Member economies*participate based on open dialogue a

79、nd respect for views of all participants.In APEC,all economies have an equal say and decision-making is reached by consensus.There are no binding commitments or treaty obligations.Commitments are undertaken on a voluntary basis and capacity building projects help members implement APEC initiatives.A

80、PECs structure is based on both a“bottom-up”and“top-down”approach.Four core committees and their respective working groups provide strategic policy recommendations to APEC Leaders and ministers who annually set the vision for overarching goals and initiatives.The working groups are then tasked with

81、implementing these initiatives through a variety of APEC-funded projects.Members also take individual and collective actions to carry out APEC initiatives in their individual economies with the assistance of APEC capacity building projects.APEC Organizational ChartEvery year,a member economy hosts t

82、he APEC meetings.The APEC host economy is responsible for chairing the annual Economic Leaders Meeting,Ministerial Meetings,Senior Officials Meetings,the APEC Business Advisory Council and the APEC Study Centres Consortium.Leaders MeetingMinisterial MeetingSenior Officials MeetingAPEC BusinessAdviso

83、ry Council Committee on Trade and InvestmentSub-committeeFriends of the ChairPolicy PartnershipIndustryDialogueSub-ForumWorkingGroup andTask ForceBudget and Management CommitteeEconomic Committee SOM Steering Committee on ECOTECHSectoral Ministerial MeetingsFinance Deputies MeetingSenior Finance Off

84、icials MeetingAPEC Secretariat1213*The word“economies”is used to describe APEC members because members engage with one another as economic entities.APEC Stakeholder ParticipationAPEC recognises that strong and vibrant economies are not dependent on governments working alone but instead rely on partn

85、erships between governments and key stakeholders,including the business sector,industry,academia,policy and research institutions,and interest groups within the community.APEC members recognise that business drives the economies of the region and therefore involve representatives of the private sect

86、or at all levels of the APEC process.At the highest level,APEC Economic Leaders communicate through annual meetings with the APEC Business Advisory Council(ABAC).ABAC comprises high-level businesspeople from all 21 APEC member economies.Through the APEC Study Centres Consortium(ASCC),APEC member eco

87、nomies actively engage academic and research institutions in the APEC process.The ASCC assists the APEC process by undertaking independent policy research on APEC-related issues.There are APEC Study Centres in most APEC member economies,comprising some 50 universities,research centres and centres of

88、 academic excellence.15About APEC1415Photo:APEC Thailand 2022This year was the first time since 2020 that most meetings were held in person.It was a period of emergence from a long and challenging crisis after the breakout of COVID-19.In 2022,under Thailands host year,APEC aimed to become open to al

89、l opportunities,connected in all dimensions,and balanced in all aspects,to usher the region into the post-COVID-19 future.1717Outcomes17OPEN.CONNECT.BALANCE.16Photo:APEC Thailand 2022Open to all Opportunities To revitalize recovery and regenerate growth,APEC continued to utilize its traditional stre

90、ngths by facilitating open trade and investment,improving the business environment,and advancing deeper economic integration in the region,while leveraging digitalization and innovation.Twelfth WTO Ministerial ConferenceIn November 2022,APEC Leaders welcomed the successful outcomes of the Twelfth WT

91、O Ministerial Conference(MC12)held in June 2022.They jointly expressed determination to uphold and further strengthen the rules-based multilateral trading system,with the WTO at its core,and to cooperate in the WTO to continue to support its necessary reform to improve all its functions,in order to

92、ensure that it can better address existing and emerging global trade challenges.Free Trade Area of the Asia-PacificThe current global environment has greatly evolved since APEC Leaders first initiated the conversation on a Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific(FTAAP)in 2006.With this in mind,Thailand

93、initiated a refreshed conversation on the FTAAP agenda,in the context of the COVID-19 and beyond,incorporating emerging trade issues such as health,environment,and digitalization.Leaders welcomed the advancement of this agenda this year and will continue to build on this momentum through the FTAAP A

94、genda Work Plan.Leveraging digitalization and innovationAPEC Leaders emphasized the need to create an enabling,inclusive,open,fair and non-discriminatory digital ecosystem for the digital economy to further drive trade through facilitation of e-commerce and advancing cooperation on digital trade,so

95、as to unlock the full potential of our society and prepare the people for the future of work in this digital era through education and skills advancement.Ensuring the flow of essential goods and services APEC Leaders supported efforts to foster open,secure,and resilient supply chains as the region f

96、aces the aftermath of the COVID-19 crisis and other emerging global challenges.They encouraged economies to continue efforts to remove barriers to logistics-related services and welcomed Phase Three of the Supply Chain Connectivity Framework Action Plan endorsed by the APEC Ministers.Outcomes191820O

97、utcomesConnect in all DimensionsThree years into the pandemic,disrupted connectivity remains a pressing issue in the region.To revive growth,APEC 2022 focus on restoring connectivity by resuming safe and seamless cross-border travel,reinvigorating tourism and the services sector,facilitating busines

98、s mobility as well as increasing investment in health security.Safe and seamless resumption of cross-border travel Thailand pushed forward the work on safe passage of people across borders in the APEC region.APEC Leaders jointly stated that economies will further cooperation to promote safe and seam

99、less cross-border travel within the region as it emerges from the pandemic,including for essential workforces,including air and maritime crew,as well as improve infrastructure and tools,such as the interoperability of vaccination certificates and ensuring the APEC Business Travel Card(ABTC)is inclus

100、ive.Regenerative tourism The tourism and services sectors are among the hardest hit by cross-border restrictions.The impact is particularly significant for small businesses,especially those owned by women and members of vulnerable communities in tourism-dependent economies.Thailand facilitated work

101、to rebuild the tourism sector to be more sustainable and inclusive through a regenerative tourism approach that aims to actively conserve,revitalize and regenerate the environment while engaging and benefiting local communities and economies in the process.Strengthening public healthAPEC placed emph

102、asis on strengthening and investing in public health security and resilience.As economies continue to mobilize systems and resources to prevent and prepare for and respond to future health threats,APEC Leaders expressed determination to further strengthen the public health workforce.They encouraged

103、continued efforts to improve digital solutions and access to health services and strengthen health systems with a view to achieving universal health coverage.212121Outcomes2323Balance in all Aspects The pandemic left the region unbalanced,with an uneven and fragile recovery,and has worsened inherent

104、 inequalities,while environmental challenges remain to be tackled.To address this,APEC has integrated inclusivity and sustainability objectives in tandem with economic goals.Inclusive economiesAPEC Leaders are committed to building an environment where all,including MSMEs and women,are empowered to

105、access economic opportunities and contribute to and benefit from the economy.They encouraged expanded efforts for APEC to work with other groups with untapped economic potential,such as Indigenous Peoples as appropriate,people with disabilities,and those from remote and rural communities.Thailand al

106、so recognized the role of youth in advancing inclusive and sustainable economic growth.Youth leaders were invited to share their perspectives on the most pressing issues facing the Asia-Pacific,particularly on climate change and sustainability.Thailand continued championing gender equality and the e

107、conomic empowerment of women through the full implementation of the La Serena Roadmap for Women and Inclusive Growth.Sustainability for food securityAPEC Leaders pledged to expedite and intensify work to promote agricultural development and promote long-term food security,strengthen global food supp

108、ly chains,and reduce food loss and waste.They also reaffirmed their commitment to work towards the sustainable resource management of agriculture,forestry and marine resources and fisheries.They welcomed the Implementation Plan of the Food Security Roadmap Towards 2030 to help economies transition t

109、owards sustainable food systems and agricultural practices.222324OutcomesThe Bangkok Goals on the Bio-Circular-Green EconomyAPEC Leaders endorsed the Bangkok Goals on the Bio-Circular-Green(BCG)Economy,to advance APECs sustainability and inclusion objectives.These goals will reinforce and contribute

110、 to ongoing global actions.To implement these goals,APEC will accelerate the creation of a conducive regulatory framework,ramp up capacity building and infrastructure development,and will do what it does bestcreating networks among stakeholders to foster discussion and incubate ideas.What is the Bio

111、-Circular-Green Economy?The Bio-Circular-Green(BCG)Economy concept integrates three mainstream approaches to create a more holistic pathway to sustainability.At its core,it aims to transform the whole of society to become more balanced and sustainable.It can be seen as a post-pandemic growth strateg

112、y which reinforces continuing global efforts on sustainability and climate change and accelerates the achievement of the UN Sustainable Development Goals.This is the overarching thinking behind APEC 2022 Thailands theme,priorities,and key deliverables.252627Photo:APEC Thailand 20222829Leaders Declar

113、ation2022 Leaders Declaration29th APEC Economic Leaders MeetingBangkok,Thailand 8-19 November 20221.We,the Economic Leaders of APEC,met in-person for the first time in four years in Bangkok on 18-19 November 2022.We continue the implementation of the APEC Putrajaya Vision 2040,including through the

114、Aotearoa Plan of Action.This year,under the APEC theme“Open.Connect.Balance.”,we advance work through three priorities:to be open to all opportunities,connected in all dimensions,and balanced in all aspects,to advance long-term robust,innovative and inclusive economic growth as well as sustainabilit

115、y objectives in the Asia-Pacific region.2.We have been intensifying our efforts in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic and mitigating its impact on our people and economies to promote health and wellbeing,as well as improving the overall standard of living for all.3.This year,we have also witnessed

116、the war in Ukraine further adversely impact the global economy.There was a discussion on the issue.We reiterated our positions as expressed in other fora,including the UN Security Council and the UN General Assembly,which,in Resolution No.ES-11/1 dated 2 March 2022,as adopted by majority vote(141 vo

117、tes for,5 against,35 abstentions,12 absent)deplores in the strongest terms the aggression by the Russian Federation against Ukraine and demands its complete and unconditional withdrawal from the territory of Ukraine.Most members strongly condemned the war in Ukraine and stressed it is causing immens

118、e human suffering and exacerbating existing fragilities in the global economy constraining growth,increasing inflation,disrupting supply chains,heightening energy and food insecurity,and elevating financial stability risks.There were other views and different assessments of the situation and sanctio

119、ns.Recognising that APEC is not the forum to resolve security issues,we acknowledge that security issues can have significant consequences for the global economy.4.We reaffirm our commitment to realise the APEC Putrajaya Vision of an open,dynamic,resilient and peaceful Asia-Pacific community by 2040

120、,for the prosperity of all our people and future generations.We will continue to promote efforts to strengthen APECs leadership and standing as the premier economic forum of the Asia-Pacific,as well as a modern,efficient and effective incubator of ideas.APECs cooperation will contribute to practical

121、 solutions for common challenges and complement global efforts including the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.To that end,we resolve to build momentum of the work carried out in 2022 and coordinate our APEC-wide actions on sustainability through the Bangkok Goals on Bio-Circular-Green(BCG)

122、Economy.5.Trade and investment play a critical and indispensable role in enhancing the prosperity of our people by assisting with global challenges and can open up opportunities that offer tangible benefits.We underscore the importance of international trade and the World Trade Organization(WTO)in f

123、acilitating global economic recovery,growth,prosperity,alleviation of poverty,the welfare of all people,sustainable development,and facilitating cooperation in relation to the protection and conservation of the environment.We reaffirm our determination to deliver a free,open,fair,nondiscriminatory,t

124、ransparent,inclusive and predictable trade and investment environment.We will continue to work to ensure a level playing field to foster a favourable trade and investment environment and reaffirm our commitment to keep markets open and to address supply chain disruptions.6.We welcome the successful

125、outcomes of the Twelfth WTO Ministerial Conference(MC12)and are determined to uphold and further strengthen the rules-based multilateral trading system,with the WTO at its core.We look forward to the early and effective implementation of the MC12 outcomes.We will cooperate in the WTO to continue to

126、support its necessary reform to improve all its functions,in order to ensure that it can better address existing and emerging global trade challenges.We commit to working together with a view to achieving meaningful progress by the Thirteenth WTO Ministerial Conference.7.Recognising the useful contr

127、ibutions of the Lima Declaration and the Beijing Roadmap on progressing the Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific(FTAAP)agenda,we welcome the advancement of this agenda this year through a refreshed conversation on the FTAAP in the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.We will continue to build on this momentu

128、m towards high quality and comprehensive regional undertakings through the FTAAP Agenda Work Plan.We task officials to report progress in carrying out the Work Plan to the AMM in the following years.At the same time,we will further strengthen our engagement with stakeholders,including the APEC Busin

129、ess Advisory Council(ABAC)and increase public-private sector dialogues.We note with appreciation of ABACs recommendations in advancing the FTAAP Work Programs.We commend the public and private sector collaboration between the Ministers Responsible for Trade(MRT)and ABAC,which underscores APECs empha

130、sis on advancing an inclusive economic development.We will also continue our efforts in capacity building to improve trade negotiation skills of economies.8.In order to achieve post-COVID-19 economic recovery,it is our priority to drive growthfocused structural reform that is designed to be inclusiv

131、e,sustainable,and innovationfriendly.This includes fostering an enabling environment for businesses of all types,particularly micro,small and medium-sized enterprises(MSMEs)and start-ups,and collaborating to improve opportunities for them to be competitive,specialised,innovative,and expand into the

132、international markets.We reaffirm our commitment to the Enhanced APEC Agenda for Structural Reform(EAASR)and endeavour to make collective and individual progress,including on the ease of doing business.9.Furthermore,we recognise the urgency of enhancing the competitiveness of the services sector,esp

133、ecially travel,transport,and other services that have been hit hardest by the COVID-19 pandemic.We reiterate our commitment to accelerate work in response to the APEC Services Competitiveness Roadmap(ASCR)Mid-Term Review,with the aim to fully implement the ASCR by 2025.By increasing APECs global sha

134、re of trade in services,we will be able to inject dynamism in our economy and underpin APECs position as the worlds growth engine.10.Macroeconomic and structural policies are vital to tackling rising inflation,ushering in sustained economic recovery,and raising living standards in the region.We reaf

135、firm the importance of sustainable financing,capacity building,and technical assistance for innovation and growth as well as for addressing all environmental challenges,including climate change.We will continue to advance digital tools to facilitate economic activities and the provision of public se

136、rvices,including the delivery of assistance and stimulus packages to the people,and to drive financial inclusion.11.We commend APECs work on safe passage,including under the Safe Passage Taskforce.We will further our cooperation to promote safe and seamless cross-border travel within our region as w

137、e emerge from the COVID-19 pandemic,including for essential workforces,including air and maritime crew,as well as improve infrastructure and tools,such as the interoperability of vaccination certificates and ensuring the APEC Business Travel Card(ABTC)is inclusive.12.We reaffirm our commitment to en

138、hance an open and interconnected Asia-Pacific region,including through the implementation of the APEC Connectivity Blueprint(2015-2025).We will strengthen physical,institutional and people-to-people connectivity as well as take advantage of digital connectivity,and will intensify efforts to promote

139、regional,sub-regional and remote area connectivity through quality infrastructure development and investment.We will promote regenerative tourism that is sustainable,inclusive and resilient,and to connect the entire tourism eco-system.We support efforts to foster open,secure and resilient supply cha

140、ins,enhance supply chain connectivity and minimise supply chain disruptions.We encourage economies to continue efforts to remove barriers to logistics-related services.We welcome the endorsement of Phase Three of the Supply Chain Connectivity Framework Action Plan by the APEC Ministers.13.Digital te

141、chnology and innovation have a greater role to play in advancing inclusive and sustainable growth,improving access to services as well as opportunities to generate income and better the livelihoods of our people,including by encouraging the transition of economic actors from the informal to the form

142、al economy.We will deepen cooperation to bridge digital divides between and within economies,including on facilitating access to digital infrastructure and supporting development of digital skills and digital literacy.We will cooperate on facilitating the flow of data,and strengthening business and

143、consumer trust in digital transactions.14.We recognise the power of digital transformation in facilitating and reducing barriers to trade and unlocking exponential growth,including through nurturing the interoperability of digital systems and tools across the region.We encourage APEC to incubate mor

144、e cutting-edge and comprehensive cooperation initiatives on digital economy.We will,therefore,accelerate the implementation of the APEC Internet and Digital Economy Roadmap(AIDER)to harness new and emerging technologies and the full potential of our society as well as create an enabling,inclusive,op

145、en,fair and non-discriminatory digital ecosystem for businesses and consumers.15.We affirm our commitment to promote strong,balanced,secure,sustainable and inclusive growth.We recognise that more intensive efforts are needed to address todays challenges,including climate change,extreme weather and n

146、atural disasters,food security,and sustainable energy transitions that reduce greenhouse gas emissions,while ensuring energy resilience,access and security in the region,including by facilitating investments in relevant activities.We recall our commitment to rationalise and phase out inefficient fos

147、sil fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption,while recognising the importance of providing those in need with essential energy services.To reach this goal,we will continue our efforts in an accelerated manner.We will also continue to take concrete steps to implement the APEC Roadmap on Com

148、batting Illegal,Unreported and Unregulated(IUU)Fishing and the APEC Roadmap on Marine Debris.To this end,we will expedite efforts to promote economic policies,cooperation and growth which support global actions to comprehensively address all environmental challenges and call for deepened collaborati

149、on with stakeholders to make substantive progress.16.We endorse the Bangkok Goals on the Bio-Circular-Green(BCG)Economy as a comprehensive framework to further APECs sustainability objectives.We will advance the Bangkok Goals in a bold,responsive and comprehensive manner,building upon existing commi

150、tments and workstreams as well as considering new aspirational ones.We also welcome the launch of the APEC BCG Award this year to recognise the achievements of sustainability in the region.17.We continue to mobilise our resources to combat the COVID-19 pandemic and reinforce our systems to prevent a

151、nd prepare for,and respond to future health threats.We are determined to ensure extensive immunisation of our people against COVID-19 as a global public good.It is imperative that we further strengthen the public health workforce,acknowledging their tremendous contributions to protecting our peoples

152、 lives and safeguarding their health.We should continue our efforts to improve digital solutions and access to health services,and strengthen health systems with a view to achieving universal health coverage.18.We pledge to expedite and intensify our work to promote agricultural development,includin

153、g in rural areas,and promote long-term food security by ensuring our agricultural and food systems are more resilient,productive,innovative and sustainable,strengthening global food supply chains,and reducing food loss and waste.We also reaffirm our commitment to work towards the sustainable resourc

154、e management of agriculture,forestry and marine resources and fisheries.We welcome the Implementation Plan of the Food Security Roadmap Towards 2030 as a pathway to achieve sufficient,safe,nutritious,accessible and affordable food for all.19.Recognising that long-term economic growth can only be ach

155、ieved through realising the full potential of our society,we welcome the continued efforts to use a gender mainstreaming approach in relevant APEC processes and accelerate the full implementation of the La Serena Roadmap for Women and Inclusive Growth(2019 2030).We are committed to building an envir

156、onment where all,including MSMEs and women,are empowered to access economic opportunities and contribute to and benefit from our economy.Building on these initiatives,we encourage further efforts to expand APECs work with other groups with untapped economic potential,such as Indigenous Peoples as ap

157、propriate,people with disabilities,and those from remote and rural communities,while also promoting the role of youth in advancing inclusive and sustainable economic growth.We will place a special emphasis on human resource development,particularly access to resources,reskilling,upskilling,lifelong

158、learning,and other support,to advance employment and decent work for all as well as enable our workforce to participate and lead in the digital and green economies.20.Recognising the detrimental impact of corruption on economic growth and development,we are committed to taking practical actions and

159、a united approach,to jointly fight crossborder corruption and deny safe haven to corruption offenders and their illicit assets.21.We reiterate our commitment to expedite the realisation of the APEC Putrajaya Vision 2040,including through the Aotearoa Plan of Action.In this endeavour,we will improve

160、APECs governance and organisational structure,with a view to efficiently and effectively delivering upon all elements of the APEC Putrajaya Vision 2040 and deepen engagement with stakeholders,including the ABAC,and international and regional organisations.22.We welcome the outcomes of the 2022 APEC

161、Ministerial Meeting as well as the 2022 Sectoral Ministerial Meetings for Trade,Tourism,Health,Forestry,Food Security,Women and the Economy,Small and Medium Enterprises,and Finance.23.We thank Thailand for hosting APEC in 2022,and we look forward to APEC 2023,which will be hosted by the United State

162、s of America.We also welcome Peru and the Republic of Korea as hosts of APEC 2024 and 2025,respectively.3031Leaders Declaration323232AnnexBangkok Goals onBio-Circular-Green Economy1.Recalling the Putrajaya Vision 2040,APEC reiterates our commitment to pursuing strong,balanced,secure,sustainable and

163、inclusive growth in the Asia-Pacific region.2.APEC is determined to continue advancing its sustainability objectives in a bold,responsive,and comprehensive manner to address the heightened economic and environmental challenges and disruptions facing the region,building on our commitments in the Putr

164、ajaya Vision 2040 and the actions set out in the Aotearoa Plan of Action(APA),for the prosperity of all our people and future generations.3.By adopting the Bangkok Goals,APEC moves forward with outlining how to achieve its comprehensive and ambitious sustainability and inclusion objectives,while rei

165、nforcing and contributing to ongoing global actions.APEC explored approaches such as the biocircular-green(BCG)economy model that integrates three economic approaches,where technology and innovation are used to create value,reduce waste,advance resource efficiency,and promote sustainable business mo

166、dels.It also calls for more holistic efforts to achieve more balanced,inclusive and sustainable growth.Such efforts should build on APECs existing commitments and workstreams as well as consider new aspirational ones to further APECs sustainability objectives.4.APEC will marshal existing targets and

167、 workstreams in conjunction with the following goals,key areas and aspirational targets:a.Supporting global efforts to comprehensively address all environmental challenges,including climate change,extreme weather and natural disasters,for a sustainable planet,particularly in terms of climate mitigat

168、ion,adaptation and resilience by:(i)Contributing practical,ambitious and concrete initiatives to transition to a climateresilient future global economy which align with global efforts,such as the achievement of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the goals of the Paris Agreement,as well

169、as appreciating and supporting APEC members respective net zero/carbon neutrality commitments,recognising the urgent need to collectively address climate change and reduce greenhouse gas emissions and the need to provide international support including capacity building,technological and financial s

170、upport,which are key enablers in this regard;(ii)Enhancing adaptive capacity,strengthening resilience and reducing vulnerability to the adverse effects of climate change and associated risks,including through mainstreaming adaptation measures into policies,strategies and planning,as well as disaster

171、 and emergency preparedness and management;(iii)Strengthening cooperation to develop and exchange policies and best practices,and promote capacity building and awareness-raising programmes that address all environmental and climate challenges,and support sustainable growth;(iv)Ensuring diversity and

172、 inclusion in our collective efforts to address climate change;(v)Advancing the transition to clean and low-carbon energy through various pathways reflecting the different circumstances in each economy,strengthening energy resilience,promoting energy security,and ensuring affordable and reliable ene

173、rgy access,including by fostering technical collaboration and exchange of best practices and experiences.We acknowledge the importance of stable energy markets and clean energy transitions.Noting the progress made to date,APEC economies are discussing goals for further strengthening the regions capa

174、city to adopt renewable energy and other clean and low-emissions energy technologies;(vi)Recalling our commitment to rationalise and phase out inefficient fossil fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption while recognising the importance of providing those in need with essential energy servi

175、ces,and,to reach this goal,continuing efforts in an accelerated manner;(vii)Promoting sustainable,resilient,productive,and inclusive food systems and agricultural practices,achieving food security and nutrition,reducing food loss and waste,including through encouraging environmentally-friendly polic

176、ies and minimising environmentally-harmful ones,conserving agrobiodiversity,and enhancing the use of agricultural biotechnology,digitalisation and other innovative approaches;(viii)Promoting research,development and deployment of cost-effective low and zero emissions technologies,acknowledging that

177、there are a variety of technologies and approaches available;(ix)Supporting finance and investments in sustainability and climate action,including disaster risk finance insurance,and,if appropriate,carbon pricing and nonpricing mechanisms and international carbon credit markets,as well as exploring

178、options to support the alignment of financial flows towards a greener and cleaner global economy,for example taxonomies and other alignment approaches.b.Progressing sustainable and inclusive trade and investment and ensuring that they are mutually supportive with our environmental policies by:(i)Int

179、ensifying work that enhances stability,resilience and sustainability of supply chains,as well as improves connectivity,including through the implementation of the APEC Connectivity Blueprint and advancing cooperation and sharing best practices on green public procurement;(ii)Advancing work on the fa

180、cilitation of trade in environmental goods and services,building on discussion about the APEC List of Environmental Goods and the Reference List of Environmental and Environmentally Related Services and further discussing the impact of non-tariff measures on trade in environmental goods;(iii)Advanci

181、ng concrete initiatives on responsible business conduct,environment,social and governance(ESG)industry practices,for example through the development of sustainable tourism,manufacturing,agriculture,transport and logistics sectors,as well as the green and low-carbon digital and technology sectors;(iv

182、)Advancing gender equality and economic integration,inclusion and empowerment of women;(v)Strengthening the roles of micro,small,and medium enterprises(MSMEs),including encouraging the formulation of an updated APEC Strategy for Green,Sustainable and Innovative MSMEs,building capabilities for MSMEs

183、in sustainability practices such as the ESG and BCG approaches,and collaborating to improve opportunities for MSMEs to be competitive,specialised,innovative and expand into international markets.c.Promoting environmental conservation,sustainable use and management of natural resources,as well as hal

184、ting and reversing biodiversity loss by:(i)Enhancing conservation and sustainable use and management of coastal and marine resources and ecosystems as well as sustainable fisheries and aquaculture,including preventing,combatting and working towards ending illegal,unreported,and unregulated(IUU)fishi

185、ng and implementing the APEC Roadmap on Combatting IUU Fishing;(ii)Continuing work to prevent and reduce marine debris and plastic pollution,including through the implementation of the APEC Roadmap on Marine Debris;(iii)Strengthening efforts to combat illegal logging and associated trade,stop the de

186、gradation of forest ecosystems,and promote 3332Annex34trade and consumption in sustainably managed and legally harvested forest products;(iv)Striving to ensure diversity and inclusion to improve our efforts in maintaining,conserving,managing and protecting the environment and natural resources.d.Adv

187、ancing resource efficiency and sustainable waste management towards zero waste by:(i)Increasing cooperation to advance circular economy approaches,including through promoting circular business models as well as exchange policies and best practices,and sustainable production and consumption patterns.

188、5.To achieve the above and the three economic drivers of the Putrajaya Vision 2040 requires the adoption of an inclusive approach that improves the quality of life for all members of society and advances gender equality as well as economic inclusion and empowerment of MSMEs,women,and other groups wi

189、th untapped economic potential,such as Indigenous Peoples as appropriate,people with disabilities,and those from remote and rural communities,while also promoting the role of youth.Further,there is a need for stronger whole-of-society partnerships and whole-of-system approaches within APEC,particula

190、rly across all fora and sub-fora in order to deliver comprehensive,coherent and mutually-reinforcing outcomes.6.The following enablers should be accelerated through relevant APEC mechanisms:a.Conducive and agile regulatory frameworks and enabling business environment,including through structural ref

191、orm,good regulatory practices and international regulatory cooperation,particularly advancing the implementation of the Enhanced APEC Agenda for Structural Reform(EAASR)and taking into account the findings and recommendations of the 2022 APEC Economic Policy Report(AEPR)on Structural Reform and a Gr

192、een Recovery from Economic Shocks and other relevant AEPRs to inform policies and approaches.b.Capacity building by deepening economic and technical cooperation,exchange of experiences and best practices to achieve sustainable and inclusive growth,voluntary technology transfer on mutually agreed ter

193、ms,as well as inclusive human resource development,especially reskilling and upskilling to boost recruitment,retention and promotion of a diverse workforce.c.Enabling environment for the development of quality infrastructure,financing and investment,as well as further leveraging science,technology,i

194、nnovation and digitalisation.d.Networks for collaboration among public sector,private sector,financial sector,academia,other international and regional organisations,other relevant stakeholders,as well as mechanisms within and related to APEC,including ABAC,the APEC Study Centers Consortium,and APEC

195、 permanent observers namely ASEAN,PECC,and PIF.7.The APEC Committees and relevant sub-fora will integrate and advance the above agenda in their respective strategies and work plans,where appropriate,as well as to deepen cross-fora collaboration.The APEC Secretariat will maintain an evergreen compend

196、ium of the actions and initiatives taken and to provide regular updates to Senior Officials as the means to review our progress to contribute to and in accordance with the APA review process.Senior Officials will have the overall responsibility for monitoring and evaluating progress under the Bangko

197、k Goals on BCG Economy.The furtherance of the sustainability agenda in a comprehensive and ambitious manner will support APECs growth trajectory towards a strong,balanced,secure,sustainable and inclusive future.35Photo:APEC Thailand 2022373737The APEC Regional Trends Analysis(ARTA)The APEC Policy Su

198、pport Unit(PSU)biannual flagship report is published with two chapters:one on economic trends,and one on a topic of interest to PSUs analysts that are relevant to the region.May 2021 Tackling Trade Costs and Facilitating Supply Chain Networks Trade costs are a key determinant of trade patterns and t

199、rade networks.Overall trade costs remain high but have been on a downward trend despite upticks during times of economic crisis.Sustainable Recovery amid Uncertainty Economic recovery faltered toward the second half of 2021 with the emergence of the highly contagious Omicron variant,while rising inf

200、lation,particularly of food prices,could push more people into extreme poverty.APEC Economic Policy Report 2022:Structural Reform and a Green Recovery from Economic ShocksStructural reform policies,which aim at improving the conditions for growth,could also be an effective response to environmental

201、threats.It has been argued that there are tensions and trade-offs between growth and environmental sustainability.However,this report supports the contrasting view that structural reforms to promote sustainable outcomes can also promote higher rates of growth.COVID-19 and Cross-Border Mobility in th

202、e APEC Region:Addressing Uncertainties at the BorderThe APEC region has had some of the most stringent cross-border travel restrictions in the world during the nascent stage of the COVID-19 pandemic.Two years since the start of the pandemic,some economies have started to reopen borders to revive tra

203、vel and tourism.This report gives recommendations to revitalize cross-border travel and tourism in the region.Transitioning to a Sustainable Economy while Ensuring Inclusion(PSU Policy Brief No.54)The significant human and economic costs of climate change warrant the shift to a low-carbon economy.Th

204、e road toward low carbon,however,is not going to be well-paved.Livelihoods in high-carbon sectors would be at risk and communities would be negatively affected,with vulnerable sectors of society likely to be hurt disproportionately.Trade Networks amid Disruption:Promoting Resilience through Digital

205、Trade Facilitation(PSU Policy Brief No.53)The fragmented nature of global value chains,which defines present-day trade networks,makes them vulnerable to challenges.The measures rolled out by economies to contain the COVID-19 pandemic led to ports being shut,and factories having difficulty accessing

206、raw materials.Such issues have brought forth questions of how GVCs could be strengthened and made more resilient.Artificial Intelligence in Economic Policymaking(PSU Policy Brief No.52)Artificial Intelligence is a powerful tool for policymaking and policy implementation.It has applications across th

207、e various stages of the policy cycle,from agenda setting to policy formulation,decision making,implementation and evaluation.2022 in Reports and Analysis3638APEC Science Prize for Innovation,Research and Education also known as ASPIREThe APEC Science Prize for Innovation,Research and Education,or AS

208、PIRE,celebrates international scientific values and showcases high-impact researchers lighting the pathway to an economically inclusive and sustainable future.A scientist specializing in sustainability science and process systems engineering for energy,environment and sustainability,Dr Jingzheng Ren

209、,was selected by consensus as the APEC regions top young science researcher and winner of ASPIRE 2022.Through his research,he unfolded new methods to promote an integrated development of the economy,environment and society,including through bio-circular-green practice.Awards and CampaignsAPEC Health

210、y Women,Healthy Economies Research PrizeThe annual APEC Healthy Women,Healthy Economies Research Prize was first launched during APEC 2019 in Chile to encourage the development and usage of sex-disaggregated data and promote gender-based research within APEC.In 2022,Dr.Ruimin Zheng was announced the

211、 winner for her innovative study that addressed the high incidence of maternal depression among women in low-income and middle-income regions.Dr.Zhengs evidence-based strategy included recommendations such as the implementation of routine depression screenings across the entire birth process in orde

212、r to reduce womens disease burden and economic loss due to depression during childbirth.APEC Regional Dashboard on Vaccination across the Life-CourseIn 2022 APEC member economies announced a comprehensive dashboard to help measure their collective progress towards implementing and advancing sustaina

213、ble life-course immunization programs.The APEC Regional Dashboard on Vaccination across the Life-Course builds on last years endorsed vaccine action plan which set strategies and policy targets for member economies to boost routine vaccination efforts,as well as enhance the resilience and sustainabi

214、lity of immunization programs in the region through 2030.Safe Passage PortalAPEC also launched a one-stop portal aiming to provide high-level summary of information on international travel within the region as member economies safely resume cross-border movement.It aims to provide simple explanation

215、s of travel protocols and taps official resources.The Bangkok Goals PortalBangkok Goals on the Bio-Circular-Green Economy is a landmark achievement for APEC Thailand 2022a comprehensive framework to further APECs sustainability objectives to which leaders have committed to advance.To learn more abou

216、t the Bangkok Goals,go to bangkokgoals.apec.org.2022 in Dashboards and Portals39BEST Award:Women Driving Organic,Biodegradable BusinessThe APEC Business Efficiency and Success Target(BEST)Award aims to support to the development of women entrepreneurs and provide participants with a chance to networ

217、k and internationalize their businessesVarangtip Satchatippavarn from Thailand won the grand prize with her organic,biodegradable feminine hygiene products.Her company,Ira Concept,offers a more sustainable option for consumers,while aiming to reduce social disparity and break the stigma about female

218、 hygiene care in Thailand through charity initiatives and education programs.“Everyone has the right to basic hygiene,”Varangtip said.“Our company aims to provide this basic need and we want to do it the right way;by being transparent about what we put in our products,as well as using only organic a

219、nd biodegradable materials that will result in zero waste.”Cronin said.App Challenge:KitchenVentureIn its sixth consecutive year,the APEC App Challenge invited young developers and digital entrepreneurs from across the region to build new mobile and web tools that can help promote growth among APECs

220、 eco-friendly,small and micro-agricultural farms and entrepreneurs in the sustainable agri-food business.Thailands Palakon Kotchapansompote and Peerawit Tungwongsin stood out among a field of 28 developers from across the Asia-Pacific region with an app that can help reduce food waste.KitchenVenture

221、 is a digital tool designed for consumers and restaurant owners that offers healthy meal choices from local,high-value producers and suggests quality meals.Users can take a photo of food in their fridge,upload it on the app and receive suggestions of healthy alternatives based on what is available.D

222、igital Prosperity Award:AgronectThe APEC Digital Prosperity Award recognizes innovative digital products that can increase prosperity and inclusive growth and is a joint initiative of APEC New Zealand and the APEC Secretariat,with support from The Asia Foundation and Google.This year,the much-antici

223、pated award centered around sustainability.The winning application,Agronect was developed by Sarinah Ziziumiza and Nursheila Ziziumiza of Brunei Darussalam.It provides access to education and immersive training experiences for farmers and agri-food entrepreneurs.According to Sarinah,their main goal

224、was“to empower people to learn sustainable techniques that help them grow their businesses,and,using virtual reality and augmented reality,make it that much easier and lower the cost.”APEC Voices of the FutureSince 1998,youth from APEC economies have been able to learn directly and engage with APEC

225、government officials and business leaders.Through the APEC Voices of the Future program,the movers and shakers of tomorrow engage todays leaders to discuss issues affecting the future of Asia-Pacific economies and the region.This is also a platform for the youth to connect with their peers across th

226、e borders and discover that while each of us may be unique,our best way forward is to work together to achieve individual and collective prosperity.The 2022 APEC Voices of the Future Program was held in Bangkok,Thailand.With the theme“Open.Connect.Balance.”Thailand Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha r

227、eceived a joint declaration from more than 100 Voices of the Future delegates with whom he met on Monday.Reflecting the views of the youth sector,the declaration highlights issues that are important to our younger generation.Awards and Campaigns414042The APEC Photo ContestThe annual photo contest as

228、ks participating photographers and photo enthusiasts in the APEC region to interpret APECs yearly theme and priorities including 1)open to opportunities,2)connect in all dimensions and 3)balance in all aspects.424242434343The winning photo by Hana Krisna Arysta and the Popular Choice Award winner,Mo

229、hammad Reza Gemi Omandi,highlighted different aspects of a green and sustainable economy which may soon become the norm across the APEC region.First Prize:A Tapestry of Indonesian Vegetable Patches by Hana Krisna ArystaJudges Second Prize:Fishing for better future by Bambang WirawanJudges Third Priz

230、e:Harvesting vegetables by Arie BasukiPopular Choice Award:EmPOWERing the Rural Community by Mohammad Reza Gemi OmandiInfluencer Award*:Energy Source by Yusuf Arif Rohman*The Influencer Award is given to the photo entry submitted to APECs Instagram account by tagging the photo to at()APEC by using t

231、he hashtag#APECPhotoContest and one of the priorities hashtags.OutlookIn 2023,APEC will be hosted by the United States of America.The US host year will focus on the interconnected concepts of“resiliency,”“sustainability,”and“inclusivity,”which directly impact APECs economic drivers and are necessary

232、 to advance economic prosperity across the region.In 2020,APEC Leaders endorsed the APEC Putrajaya Vision 2040,which reflects a joint vision for an“open,dynamic,resilient and peaceful Asia-Pacific community by 2040,for the prosperity of all our people and future generations.”As APEC host in 2023,the

233、 United States will continue to advance this vision through our three streams of policy priorities:Interconnected.Innovative.Inclusive.Creating a Resilient and Sustainable Future for All4445InterconnectedBuilding a resilient and interconnected region that advances broad-based economic prosperity.As

234、the host of APEC 2023,the United States will prioritize renewing cross-border ties for sustainable and responsible travel and commerce while building new digital and physical connections to spur equitable growth.Developing these connections can fuel economic recovery while better preparing the APEC

235、region for future shocks to the regional and global economy.To this end,in 2023 APEC will advance work on sustainable and inclusive trade,including in areas such as supply chain resilience,services trade,digital trade,as well as cross-border travel,physical connectivity and infrastructure Supporting

236、 a rules-based multilateral trading system,with the World Trade Organization at its core Ensuring the flow of essential goods and services,including COVID-19 vaccines and related medical products Enabling an ecosystem for the digital economy and accelerating the implementation of the APEC Internet a

237、nd Digital Economy Roadmap Ensuring sustainable and inclusive finance for women,the youth,small business owners,those who work in the informal sector and those with untapped potential Promoting structural reform for green recovery Promoting economic policies that contribute to addressing environment

238、al challengesStrengthening Supply Chain ResilienceThe combined effects of the pandemic,climate crisis,and ongoing global tensions revealed the importance of resilient supply chains to the economy and to daily life.Both the APEC Supply Chain Connectivity Framework Action Plan(SCFAP)III and the APEC A

239、lliance on Supply Chain Connectivity provide ideal platforms to strengthen supply chain resilience and further implement the WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement.Enhancing Services TradeAPEC will strive to raise performance across all services sectors by improving data about the services sector and by b

240、roadening adherence to transparency and good-governance principles.Promoting Digital Trade APEC will hold digital trade policy dialogues that focus on the contribution of cross-border data flows to APECs continued growth.Outlook474646464648484848494949505151Restarting Cross-Border TravelThe United S

241、tates will promote the importance of travel facilitation of all business travelers in the region and work to modernize the travel experience through developments in technology,such as contactless travel.Enhancing Infrastructure and Transportation NetworksTo achieve inclusive,sustainable,and resilien

242、t growth,APEC will focus on increasing the quality of infrastructure projects in our region by focusing on transparency,economic efficiency,and debt sustainability.Strengthening Health SystemsAPEC 2023 will continue to focus on digital health,health security and pandemic preparedness,mental health,c

243、ancer prevention and control,including cervical cancer,and regulatory harmonization and convergence.APEC 2023 also provides the opportunity to build on ongoing health collaboration to address gender and health equity in the context of health systems.Defining New Trade Standards and Models through th

244、e“FTAAP Work Plan”Trade agreements should be re-thought to meet new goals and challenges.APEC in 2023 can advance discussions under APECs“Free Trade Area of the Asia Pacific(FTAAP)Agenda”to exchange best practices in bilateral and regional trade agreements.InnovativeEnabling an Innovative Environmen

245、t for a Sustainable FutureAPEC economies will further address the climate crisis,promote environmental sustainability,reduce disaster and disease risk,improve emergency response,promote the digital economy,and enhance digitalization,and foster an enabling business environment,including Outlookthroug

246、h undertaking structural reform,while advancing womens participation in science and technology.Enhancing Climate Mitigation and ResilienceAPEC must initiate new workstreams and build on existing workstreams,starting with endorsing updated and ambitious clean energy and sustainability targets.Reducin

247、g Disaster Risk and Improving Emergency Preparedness and ResponseAPEC 2023 will highlight the ongoing efforts and opportunities to reduce disaster risk.This effort must go together with climate adaptation and prioritizing equity in emergency management programs in each economy.The APEC Disaster Risk

248、 Reduction Framework will continue to guide APECs efforts.Promoting the Digital Economy and Enhance DigitizationThe United States will advance the digital economy and facilitate inclusive innovation,including in digital trade,digital assets and payments,data privacy,telecommunication networks,cybers

249、ecurity,digital health,e-commerce,and emerging technologies.Promoting Food Security,Food Safety,and Agricultural BiotechnologyAPEC 2023 will focus on food security,food safety,sustainable productivity growth,the promotion of innovation and science-based and risk-proportionate policies,specifically a

250、griculture biotechnology,and international trade standardsTackling Environmental ChallengesThe United States will support efforts to improve waste management systems and services,and facilitating greater reuse,recycling,and recovery of materials,including plastic,as well as efforts to address defore

251、station by combatting illegal logging and associated trade.Fostering an Enabling EnvironmentThe United States will promote consistent and well-regulated food safety conformance,as well as the adoption of sound competition laws and create an anticorruption roadmapInclusiveAffirming an equitable and i

252、nclusive future for all APEC economies should work towards inclusive growth for workers and those with untapped economic potential,including women,SMEs,and underserved and underrepresented communities.APEC will seek to incorporate gender into discussions about equity and inclusion in multiple workst

253、reams.APEC will continue to promote workforce development and education,elevate worker voices across the agenda,and support underserved communities through trade.Addressing Inclusion in TradeAPEC 2023 will advance work on renewed conversations on the FTAAP agenda,especially on inclusive trade and mu

254、ltistakeholder engagement.Advancing Gender Equity Across WorkstreamsAPEC 2023 can maintain momentum in applying a gender lens to policy areas such as agriculture,customs,e-commerce,infrastructure,energy,climate resilience,structural reform,services,trade,MSMEs,STEM fields,the future of work,and heal

255、th.Strengthening Small and Medium EnterprisesBy utilizing digital tools and bringing SMEs closer to the fore of innovation,economies can promote broader SME economic engagement.APEC 2023 will continue to integrate SME and equity-related workstreams.Expanding Economic Potential and Opportunity Throug

256、h Investments in Infrastructure and WorkersCreating the conditions for a more productive and inclusive labor force means using targeted public expenditures and supporting policies to invest in high-quality infrastructure,promote workforce development,and facilitate the participation of workers who h

257、ave traditionally faced barriers to the labor market.Elevating Workers VoicesAt the core of equitably distributed prosperity is the elevation of workers and their voices in setting economic policy throughout the region.Increasing APECs outreach to existing and new stakeholders can reduce barriers to

258、 participation in APEC,and help disadvantaged groups and labor organizations engage in the policy process.Engaging Historically Underserved and Underrepresented Segments of the PopulationIn 2023,APEC intends to include and elevate the voices of underserved and underrepresented segments of the popula

259、tion to ensure that economic policies are developed with representation from all communities,affording equitable economic opportunities to people,regardless of background.51Key Meetings in 2023First Senior Officials Meeting and Related Meetings Finance and Central Bank Deputies MeetingSecond Senior

260、Officials Meeting and Related Meetings Transportation Ministers Meeting Ministers Responsible for Trade MeetingThird Senior Officials Meeting and Related MeetingsSenior Finance Officials Meeting Senior Disaster Management Officials Forum SME Ministerial MeetingWomen and the Economy Forum Energy Mini

261、sters Meeting Food Security Ministers Meeting High-level Meeting on Health and the Economy Finance Ministers MeetingAPEC Economic Leaders WeekNote:Dates are subject to change,for the latest information please go to:http:/www.apec.org/Events-Calendar.aspx February February MayMay May August August Au

262、gust AugustAugust August August August November November 5353MeetingDate52 Management Monitoring Evaluating HR management&development Office administration Finance Information technology Process modernization Quality management Fora support Monitor strategic and action plans APEC governance Knowledg

263、e management Policy support Observers,international®ional organizations&partners Communications&public affairsEnhancing ProjectManagement EffectivenessSupporting anEffective APECEnsuring anAccountable Effective and SecretariatActivating StakeholderEngagementAPECSecretariat54The APEC Secretariat,b

264、ased in Singapore,operates as the core support for APEC fora and processes.It is staffed by a team of diplomats seconded by APEC members,specialists and administrative experts.It provides technical and advisory support,and information management for APEC members.It engages stakeholders through its c

265、ommunications and outreach initiatives to promote APEC work;and it administers the APEC annual budget.The Project Management Unit at the APEC Secretariat is the centralized project management mechanism for APEC members,as it oversees the APEC project cycle each year.The APEC Secretariat also houses

266、the Policy Support Unit,which is the research and analysis arm of APEC.The APEC Secretariats Effective Action Plan sets to achieve operational efficiency in serving the APEC fora and members through four key functions:Supporting an effective APEC;Activating stakeholder engagement;Ensuring an account

267、able,effective and efficient Secretariat;and Enhancing project management effectiveness.Supporting the APEC Work ProgramA key mandate of the APEC Secretariat is to assist APEC senior officials,members and fora in realizing leaders and ministers instructions.The APEC Secretariat supports the APEC str

268、ucture,which consists of:five senior official-level fora;four core fora,i.e.,the four committees1;60 sub-fora/working groups and subsidiary bodies;and the APEC Finance Ministers Process.The APEC Secretariat supports all APEC fora in developing strategic and work plans that follow overarching directi

269、ons given by APEC leaders,ministers and senior officials,and in alignment with the APEC Putrajaya Vision 2040 and the Aotearoa Plan of Action(APA).It also supports APEC fora chairs with substantial work,including the preparation of annual APEC committee reports;planning and administering APEC meetin

270、gs;and facilitating intersessional work across APEC fora.The APEC Secretariat monitors the progress of implementing the APA.In 2023,it will support APEC members in preparing the first reporting on the APA,specifically,on collective and individual actions,as well as areas for continuous improvement.T

271、he APEC Secretariat regularly provides updates to APEC senior officials,member economies and all APEC fora on the progress of work implemented across APEC,including APEC projects,as well as highlight cross-cutting work areas to strengthen cross-fora collaboration in APEC.At the direction of senior o

272、fficials,the APEC Secretariat facilitates efforts to improve APEC governance,including streamlining of APEC processes.The APEC Secretariat Executive Director attends the APEC senior officials meetings,sectoral ministerial meetings,high-level policy dialogues and the APEC economic leaders meetings.In

273、 2022 she participated and contributed to regional conversations and dialogues on topics that are of key interests to APEC,including those on sustainability;environmental,social,and governance(ESG);energy;COVID-19 recovery and the resumption of cross-border travel to revive economic activities;trade

274、 and supply chains;as well as womens economic empowerment.She also contributed to discussions within APEC on strengthening coordination of APECs work in technical and economic cooperation,and sustainability.She continues to advocate for youth participation in APEC through deepening engagements with

275、the APEC Voices of the Future program and through outreach efforts that are targeted at the youth.The APEC SecretariatThe APEC Secretariat is ISO 9001-certified.This recognizes the continuous efforts to provide high quality administrative and support activities.5555551The four committees are,the Com

276、mittee on Trade and Investment;SOM Steering Committee on Economic and Technical Cooperation;Economic Committee;and Budget and Management Committee.The APEC Secretariat continues to benefit from the Australian Government Effectiveness Grant for Project Management and the US-Support for Economic Growt

277、h in Asia(US-SEGA).Supporting the APEC Host Economy and MembersEach year,the APEC Secretariat provides support to the APEC host economy and members in various areas,including logistical,administrative and substantive matters.It is the institutional memory for APEC and provides advice on APEC guideli

278、nes,procedures and best practices.It maintains the APEC Collaboration System,which serves as a private workspace for APEC members and fora to collaborate,communicate and share information securely.It also maintains important repositories for APEC members,namely,the APEC Meeting Documents Database,wh

279、ich provides records of APECs agenda,discussions,achievements and substantive work from as early as APECs establishment in 1989;and the APEC Projects Database,which provides records of APEC projects from 2006 onwards.To prepare APEC host economies,the APEC Secretariat collaborates with US-SEGA on de

280、livering the host economy capacity building programs.In 2022,Thailand as the APEC host economy,delivered a successful year under the theme“Open.Connect.Balance”,with a focus on the following priorities:i.Open to All Opportunities to Facilitate Trade and Investment;ii.Connect in All Dimension to Reco

281、nnect the Region;andiii.Balance in All Aspects to Promote Inclusive and Sustainable Growth.Under Thailands lead,APEC members adopted the Bangkok Goals on Bio-Circular-Green Economy.Throughout 2022,the APEC Secretariat supported Thailand in administering APEC ministerial meetings,high-level policy di

282、alogues and fora meetings to deliver the APEC work program.The APEC Secretariat also supported Thailand in the following areas:Appointed a dedicated Sustainability Coordinator at the APEC Secretariat to support Thailand in consolidating the Bangkok Goals Evergreen Compendium of Actions and Initiativ

283、es.Developed the Bangkok Goals on Bio-Circular-Green Economy website that was launched at the 2022 APEC Economic Leaders Meeting.Supported the establishment and the work of the APEC Safe Passage Task Force,with Thailand as the Chair,to advance several key initiatives that aimed at facilitating safe

284、and seamless reopening of borders and resumption of travel to revive economic activities within APEC.The APEC Ministers Responsible for Trade welcomed three key deliverables from the Taskforce,namely:the“APEC Information Portal for Safe Passage across the Region”and“Interoperability of Vaccination C

285、ertificates:Sharing of Technical Specifications”that are led by Thailand in the APEC Health Working Group;and the“Voluntary Principles for the Interoperability of Vaccination Certificates in the APEC Region”by Australia.Supported the APEC Committee on Trade and Investment in developing the Free Trad

286、e Area of the Asia-Pacific(FTAAP)Agenda Work Plan to advance Thailands initiative to refresh the conversation on FTAAP,to integrate elements addressing the COVID19 pandemic and beyond.Continued monitoring and tracking of the progress of the APEC work program and initiatives,including through assisti

287、ng Thailand in preparing the APEC Tasking Statement for 2023.Promoted Thailands priorities as APEC host for 2022 through media and stakeholder outreach and engagements.The APEC Secretariat completed the work for 2022 with a seminar,co-organized with the Royal Thai Embassy and the United States Embas

288、sy to apprise diplomatic missions and the media based in Singapore on the deliverables achieved during Thailands APEC year in 2022,as well as to launch the 2023 United States APEC year.The APEC Secretariat5657“Creating a Resilient and Sustainable Future for All”and its policy priorities:“Interconnec

289、ted.Innovative.Inclusive.”Working with Economies to Improve the Quality of APEC Projects The Secretariats Project Management Unit(PMU)is responsible for administering the APEC project cycle,including the project selection,assessment,implementation and evaluation processes.PMU also supports The Secre

290、tariats Project Management Unit(PMU)administers APECs project processes,including the selection,quality assessment,and evaluation and reporting processes.PMU also leads efforts to strengthen the quality,impact and sustainability of APEC-funded projects,in partnership with economy stakeholders.In 202

291、2,the PMU oversaw the selection and approval of 110 projects,designed by member economies to build capacity through the sharing and transfer of knowledge,skills,abilities,and technical know-how.Following a two-year trend,there was a decrease in the number of applications for funding in 2022,although

292、 levels of available funds remained high,and the number of approved projects was consistent with previous years.As a result,92%of projects were approved for funding.The PMU also delivered its two annual evaluation reports on APEC-funded projects:The Longer-Term Evaluation of APEC Projects Report,pre

293、senting performance data for the 57 projects completed in 2021;and The Summary Evaluation of Monitoring and Completion Reports,presenting project outputs and outcomes data collected between September 2021 and October 2022.In 2023,the APEC Secretariat will support the United States as the APEC host e

294、conomy to implement programs and initiatives in line with its theme 5858585858585959Photo:APEC Thailand 2022The APEC Secretariat6061Some of the key findings2 reported by PMU in 2022 included:a significant increase in the number of participants at APEC project events,assisted by the delivery of many

295、events on virtual platforms;a continuing upwards trend in female participation,with women accounting for 55%of participants;and an increase in the number of participants from developing APEC economies,at 65%of participants.Delivery of training for members is a key part of PMUs work to improve the qu

296、ality of APEC projects.In 2022,PMU delivered seven training sessions on project quality in the margins of the SOM clusters,and four training workshops for individual member economies.PMU is also engaged in the development of the APEC Project Administration System(APAS),which will automate project su

297、bmission and assessment processes.In 2022,PMU supported the delivery of the APAS pilot in three APEC fora,and worked closely with the Information Technology Unit to develop training and instructional resources for APEC project stakeholders.APAS is scheduled to roll out across all APEC fora in Projec

298、t Session 2,2023.Providing Research and Policy CapabilityThe Policy Support Unit(PSU)provides robust research and analysis in support of the APEC Putrajaya Vision 2040.Twenty-three products were published in 2022,consisting of assessment-related report,research and policy analysis reports,and period

299、ic publications.Technical advice was provided to APEC committees to support the implementation and evaluation of the Aotearoa Plan of Action toward achieving the Putrajaya Vision 2040.Highlights:The PSU proposed indicators to monitor APECs collective progress on the Enhanced APEC Agenda for Structur

300、al Reform.The PSU conducted research on topics addressing regional response to and recovery from COVID-19,including:-COVID-19 border policies with policy recommendations to revitalize cross-border travel and tourism in the region;-Role of supply chain connectivity in supporting post-COVID economic r

301、ecovery;-Suggestions to refresh the work program of the Free Trade Area of the Asia Pacific(FTAAP)by addressing topics that have become more relevant in the light of the pandemic;-Driving the growth of digital services and use of digital tools in trade to increase resilience in the region;and-Impact

302、 of information disorder on trust and implementation of COVID-19-related policies.Keeping abreast of the pandemics impact on the region,the PSU released publications on the latest economic outlook and regional trends.The annual APEC in Charts offered glimpses into how the pandemic had affected the r

303、egions economic performance,as well as the trade and investment climate.Other published products examined topics that are increasingly relevant digitalization,sustainability issues,and inclusion all of which affect the well-being of people and society.Similarly,trade continues to be a key focus with

304、 studies completed on tariffs,global value chains and trade facilitation.The products are available at the APEC website.The PSU also maintains APECs statistics portal,at statistics.apec.org.Communicating APECs Messages to StakeholdersFacing a complex messaging matrix driven by polycrisis in 2022,the

305、 Communications and Public Affairs Unit(CPAU)coordinated its work side-by-side with Thailand to create awareness and understanding of APECs aspirations,vision,policies and outcomes by folding stakeholders and key audiences into the forum as travel opened up and people started to engage on-site.CPAUs

306、 initiatives and its suite of programs centered around APECs role in the region and the value of collaboration,as well as how the members address trade and economic policy issues;prepare for a digitally enabled recovery;and integrate inclusion and increased sustainability into APECs priorities.Advan

307、cing APECs goals through high-impact campaigns and specific initiatives,some highlights include:Shaping the first in-person APEC App Challenge after a two-year virtual hiatus due to pandemic restrictions in which 14 coder teams from 12 economies met in Bangkok to build an online tool to help the reg

308、ions farmers and entrepreneurs access knowledge on bio-circular-green production techniques,connect with more market opportunities,and take the first steps to access local and export markets.Inaugurating APECs“Journey to 2040”campaign to spread awareness about APEC and the Putrajaya Vision.Held duri

309、ng Leaders Week in Bangkok for five weeks,the photo exhibition recognized the talents and generosity of the contest winners.Their photos revealed stories of greater interconnectivity of people in the Asia-Pacific,optimism and resilience.Conceptualizing,designing and launching the Bangkok Goals on th

310、e Bio-Circular-Green Economy website shown by Prime Minister Prayut to leaders in Bangkok during the APEC Economic Leaders Meeting.Building on APECs established relationships with media through its content,CPAU further deepened engagement with multilateral and regional organizations,stakeholders and

311、 relevant industry partners by advocating for APECs commitment to overcoming crises.In addition to prioritizing Thailand as APECs 2022 host,in-person outreach included high-level visits to Canada,Japan and Viet Nam,on top of various virtual engagements where the Secretariat steered its messaging tow

312、ard megatrends,the future of supply chains,resilient travel;and advancing womens leadership.Keywords such as trade and economy;digital future;inclusive and sustainability found in our content became more inter-connected to what APEC policymakers are taking forward in the Putrajaya Vision 2040.Appear

313、ing more often together rather than in silos,this holistic narrative reflects the fact that APECs agenda is evolving towards the goal to achieve an open,dynamic,resilient and peaceful Asia-Pacific community by 2040,for the prosperity of all our people and future generations.Aligning action with topi

314、cal issues,CPAU focused its content and messaging on normalizing the hosts directives to ensure APEC remains effective and relevant.By providing a risk management toolkit to the host in order to respond to scenarios facing ministers and leaders we sought to amplify the forums priorities and initiati

315、ves;stay on pulse with the aspirations and needs of stakeholders;and champion dialogue with diverse sectors.With ever-changing social media algorithms,the formula for optimal content publication continuously evolves.APECs social media followers across the different platforms have grown steadily.This

316、 is driven,in part,by viral posts generated by organic engagements during the APEC Photo Contest as well as by campaign video content featuring Thai personalities with whom APEC engaged in 2022.In addition to the three flagship reports of the committees on trade and investment;the economy;and techni

317、cal cooperation and PSUs economic policy and regional trends analyses reports,the majority of APECs publications in 2022 focused on economic development,gender and structural reform;energy;and micro,small and medium enterprises.2Based on data from Monitoring and Completion Reports submitted between

318、September 2021 and October 2022 The APEC Secretariat holds ISO 9001 Quality Management Certification.This recognizes the continuous efforts made by the APEC Secretariat to provide high quality administrative and support activities.The APEC Secretariat is the first international trade-related secreta

319、riat to attain ISO certification.On the WebThe APEC Secretariat manages www.apec.org,which contains information about APEC developments,issues and work programs,an events calendar and links to other key APEC websites.You can also follow us on social media:Facebook:APECnews Twitter:APEC,Rebecca_APEC

320、Instagram:APEC LinkedIn:https:/ fill out your details on the APEC website to receive the latest news,publications and feature articles:https:/www.apec.org/Press/Subscribe-News Publications APEC Regional Trends Analysis APEC in Charts 2022 2022 APEC Economic Policy Report 2022 CTI Report to Ministers

321、 Fact sheet:2022 APEC Economic Policy Report Fact sheet:2022 APEC Senior Officials Report on Economic and Technical Cooperation APEC Senior Officials Report on Economic and Technical Cooperation 2022Access to PublicationsAPEC publications can be downloaded free of charge.Visit the APEC Secretariat P

322、ublications Database at https:/www.apec.org/publications/listings to download.6362 Inside cover:Harvesting Vegetables by Arie BasukiAsia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Secretariat35 Heng Mui Keng Terrace,Singapore 119616 Telephone:(65)6891 9600 Email:infoapec.org Website:www.apec.orgCopyright 2023 APEC Secretariat APEC#223-SE-05.2 ISSN:0219-3752