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1、The Technologies Revolutionizing Yard Management&LogisticsWhat Yard Managers and Technology Providers Need to KYards are a cornerstone of logistics operations,serving as the bridge between facilities and distribution.If there are any bottlenecks in yard operations,such as long dwell times or lack of

2、 asset visibility,the trickle-down effects on the supply chain can be significant.Time is money,and this notion is especially evident in logistics.Not only will delivery delays upset end customers and accumulate overtime labor costs,but supply chain partners could hesitate during the next contract n

3、egotiation if issues persist.To prevent bottlenecks,yard operators are increasingly investing in various technologies that provide a level of operational visibility that was previously impossible.As is articulated in this whitepaper,these hardware and software investments give yard managers a real-t

4、ime snapshot of their operations so that assets can be allocated properly,accelerating the time it takes for a load to be processed and exit the facility.Even further,some solutions ensure highly accurate product tracking,optimized trucking routes,and automation of strenuous tasks.All of these busin

5、ess outcomes take yard managers one step closer to their main goal of maximizing profits.It should be noted that,for this whitepaper,yard facilities refer to in-land yardsmanufacturing locations,warehouses,distribution centers,railway terminals,and docks;seaports and airports are excluded.2End-to-En

6、d(E2E)visibility and automation are key building blocks for the future of logistics management.Here are the technologies that organizations can leverage to improve yard efficiency and worker Yard Management Technology Vendors3Yard Management SystemsAutonomous/Remote OperationsPrivate Wireless NWhy D

7、o Yards Need to Digitalize?Demand for yard digitalization technologies derives from four key factors sweeping through the industry and software markets.These factors,also cited in ABI Researchs Yard Management Technology Trends report,are outlined below:Distribution Center Complexity and Increased D

8、elivery Frequency:Between growing demand for omnichannel offerings and reverse logistics,distribution centers are experiencing significant complexity.For this reason,it is more important than ever for yard managers to obtain full visibility into inbound and outbound fleets.Digital transformation giv

9、es logistics operators the insights required to keep goods flowing in and out of the yard most profitably.Driver Shortages Requiring Trucks to Be Kept on the Move:Technology adoption is key to filling the gaps left by driver shortages.Some of the technologies that will be discussed in this whitepape

10、r help optimize driver routes and yard loading/unloading processes,which reduces turnaround time.As a result,drivers can spend more time on the road and less time sitting idle in the yard.Software Vendors Offering Yard Module Add-ons to Existing Systems:Numerous marquee software providers worldwide

11、have realized that yard managers prefer to keep all management systems under a single provider.In this way,vendors like Blue Yonder,SAP,Oracle,and Manhattan Associates are focused on offering yard management modules that can be integrated with existing packages,easing the process of digitalizing yar

12、d operations.Greater Prevalence of Devices with Common Operating Platforms for Yard Communications:Digitalization is more accessible to yard operators as low-cost,readily available mobile devices can serve as the interface for employees.Yards can leverage the digital tools better,as communication ca

13、n be delivered to both on-and off-site drivers,helping to maximize the process management 5Technologies That Will Digitalize Yard OperationsThe following sub-sections evaluate the forward-looking technologies that can support yard digitalization efforts.Yard Management SystemsA Yard Management Syste

14、m(YMS)is a software solution that digitalizes and automates daily yard operations,including truck visibility,asset tracking,and real-time management.While very few enterprises have deployed a YMS,to date,increasingly complex yard operations are bringing this technology to the forefront among logisti

15、cs operators.Moreover,many software vendors have come to the forefront to provide YMSs(download ABI Researchs Yard Management Systems to assess the competitive landscape as a YMS vendor or weigh your options as a yard manager).A YMS can provide the following use cases in yard operations:Vehicle and

16、Equipment Visibility:A YMS allows operators to see each critical aspect of their yards,including vehicles,personnel,equipment,and inventory.This equates to more efficient vehicle and driver utilization,asset tracking,and inventory management.When these real-time updates are combined with the operati

17、on schedule,manual workers and yard equipment can be allocated in the most optimal way possible.Digitalized Documentation and Communication:When you use a YMS,full vehicle information and updates are automatically relayed to drivers in real time.As a result,there is less risk of human error in dispa

18、tching and unloading operations.Instant digitally issued updates also allow enterprises to share delivery status information with vital supply chain partners.Process Optimization and Scenario Planning:Whether it is data analytics or the integration of Artificial Intelligence(AI),a YMS enables operat

19、ors to better optimize their yard operations.Accurately assessing worker productivity and warehouse operational fluctuations makes assigning worker tasks,managing stock movements,and planning routes easier.A YMS also allows for the use of digital twins of a yard to conduct“what if”analysis.The YMS u

20、se cases above result in several key benefits for yard operators.Reduced demurrage and detention fees can be expected due to increased visibility into trailer status and reduced dwell times waiting for vehicle receipt and dispatch.Moreover,more efficient yard jockeys can reduce labor expenses.Finall

21、y,detecting hazards beforehand improves yard 6Technologies That Will Digitalize Yard OperationsAs reported in ABI Researchs Yard Digitalization Market Data product,YMS revenue will grow at a Compound Annual Growth Rate(CAGR)of 32.1%between 2022 and 2030,eclipsing US$3.2 billion in 2030.Yard Manageme

22、nt System(YMS)Revenue by IndustryWorld Markets:2022 to 2030-0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5202220232024202520262027202820292030(US$Billions)RetailFood and BeverageManufacturingHealthcareLogistics Service ProvidersOthers(Source:ABI Research)7Technologies That Will Digitalize Yard OperationsRFID Tracking

23、and Devices Both passive(requires manual scan)and active(real-time location tracking)Radio Frequency Identification(RFID)tags and readers can be leveraged to receipt,track,and assign trucks and goods within the yard.In this way,gate entry/exit can be automated by instantly reading crucial informatio

24、n about a load at the yard gate.These RFID devices can also send load information directly to the on-site YMS so that users can make operational plans based on arrival time and details of expected products arriving.RFID tags and readers can also be used temporarily for external trucks within the yar

25、d.For example,if a Third-Party Logistics(3PL)provider arrives at the yard,someone can place a magnetic-mounted RFID tag on the truck to monitor the dwell time and provide driver instructions.RFID devices are also important for yard inventory purposes.Enterprises can integrate RFID readers with termi

26、nal tractors to scan tags placed on trailers.This allows for verification and logging while the trailer is in transit,as well as for inventory auditing use cases.Furthermore,RFID tracking is extremely beneficial for perishable or time-sensitive loads.The real-time feed of trailer/container informati

27、on(e.g.,temperature,humidity levels,etc.)to the YMS allows the system to process the correct load at the best time.Finally,equipping yard workers with mobile RFID devices helps with accountability,efficiency,and safety.This application tells managers how long a workers shift is,where they are locate

28、d,and which loading/unloading tasks they are currently working on.On the safety side of things,RFID badges make certain that yard workers and external personnel are where they are supposed to be,safeguarding them from potential 8Technologies That Will Digitalize Yard OperationsMachine VisionMachine

29、Vision(MV)-based cameras are a crucial step in gaining full visibility into a yard,with a live feed being provided alongside a YMS.The adoption of MV-based cameras can largely be attributed to the issue of tracking the location of trucks and equipment within a yard.It does not help that many trucks

30、look essentially identical,making it difficult to understand where loads are within the yard.MV-based cameras use AI to differentiate between these different trucks(e.g.,license plate recognition,trailer ID numbers)from different angles and in various weather conditions.That way,managers can accurat

31、ely identify problems quickly,which helps prevent downtime.As a case study,Robovision and leading yard management solutions provider Peripass teamed up in 2021 to create a yard digital twin Proof of Concept(PoC)project for H.Essers in Genk,Belgium.The digital replica of the yard used satellite image

32、ry of the yard and data from various deployed cameras.Visual feeds were used to train a Deep Learning(DL)model that includes accurate labeling and constant 9Technologies That Will Digitalize Yard OperationsElectric TractorsAs the world transitions to Electric Vehicles(EVs),ports and yards are seeing

33、 increased adoption of electric terminal tractors.Several ports and yards around the world are already using all-electric tractor fleets.Compared to traditional mobility use cases,such as long-haul trucking,yard operations can be electrified in a more straightforward manner.This is due to the nature

34、 of terminal tractorsshort distances and stop-and-go movements.In this regard,charging point infrastructure is not an issue.Reacting to this demand,prominent manufacturers offer zero-emissions vehicles,including Renault,Volvo,Kalmar Global,Orange EV,and Terberg.Logistics operators that adopt zero-em

35、issions terminal tractors come away with 60%to 75%lower maintenance costs,lower operating costs,and fewer yard 10Technologies That Will Digitalize Yard OperationsAutonomous Terminal Tractors Like Autonomous Guided Vehicles(AGVs)and Autonomous Mobile Robots(AMRs),Autonomous Terminal Tractors(ATs)help

36、 automate mobility-centric tasks(e.g.,unloading)in yard operations.An AT can deliver an instantaneous“vision”of its surrounding environment.It can also estimate an objects positioning down to 2 Centimeters(cm),with a steering angle accuracy of 0.5.The technology magic behind ATs is Light Detection a

37、nd Ranging(LiDAR)sensors and a digital map of a site loaded into a fleet management system to navigate.Benefits of deploying ATs over manually operated tractors include:Reduced costs per handled trailer or containerEnhanced reliability,consistency,and predictability of yard operations with enhanced

38、dataanalyticsMitigation of industry driver shortagesReduction in human-related disruptions leading to less downtime and safer operationsA more attractive destination for clientele due to goods movement streamlining and traceabilityBesides a few outliers,ATs are rarely found in logistics operations.H

39、owever,recent investments from tractor vendors and small-scale deployments indicate an interest in the technology.Viability and safety are key to increasing AT deployments,which will be achieved through further investment and strategic partnerships.Ideally,the AT will come in a comprehensive package

40、 that provides harmonization between the fleet management system,onboard sensing technology,and onboard yard 11Technologies That Will Digitalize Yard OperationsFleet TelematicsIn a yard operations context,fleet telematics solutions provide all the critical data required to streamline yard management

41、.With the deployment of Global Positioning System(GPS)and cellular communications,fleet telematics delivers real-time visibility data related to vehicles,drivers,and cargo.For example,fleet telematics can help managers decipher whether a vehicle is moving,sitting idle,or parked.Moreover,fleet telema

42、tics solutions will issue alerts and notifications to drivers and yard managers about traffic congestion,weather conditions,and other potential factors affecting the Estimated Time of Arrival(ETA)at the yard.Managers can then use this information to prioritize yard activities,mitigating potential is

43、sues.Fleet telematics also provides rich data about assets within a yard and gatekeeping operations.The formers enable logistics managers to better manage their inventory and schedule maintenance calls when equipment health is dwindling.Besides that,telematics helps identify bottlenecks that occur d

44、uring arrival/departure times.If the telematics solution is integrated with RFID tags,biometrics systems,or driver identification cards,yard managers can enhance security and prevent unauthorized access.From there,managers can set up alerts or notifications when suspicious activity is detected durin

45、g the gate entry process.Ultimately,the results of all these telematics use cases are optimized fleet operations,safer workers,and elevated customer 12How Yard Managers Should Approach Digitalization Implementing these yard management technologies without a well-thought-out plan is not advisable.You

46、 cannot just deploy the solutions and generate instant results.ABI Research recommends that yard managers carefully consider the following points:Identify Your Yard Pain Points and Prepare to Measure Value:No two yards are exactly the same,meaning each has its own set of challenges.On the other side

47、 of the coin,not all yard management technologies and systems will be right for you.Without identifying your pain points,Return on Investment(ROI)will not be a guarantee.Before committing to a vendor,choose which metrics you want to measure,such as the number of trailers,dwell times,wait times,dock

48、door availability,vehicle arrival and departure time,late arrival frequency,and more.After choosing these metrics,set Key Performance Indicators(KPIs)as targets once the technology is deployed.Collaborate with Your Staff to Identify the Opportunities and Ensure Readiness for Adoption:To better under

49、stand where technology can have the most impact on yard processes,reach out to your fleet drivers and yard workers.These are the people who are on the frontline day in and day out,making them the most qualified to identify areas that need to be improved.On top of that,yard managers must ensure that

50、employees are prepared for technological change by mandating training exercises.Use Both Active and Passive Tracking Solutions:With trailer and equipment visibility being top-of-mind,yards should invest in both active and passive tracking tags.This provides the best of both worlds,letting you track

51、expensive products in near-real time and less critical products at a low cost.Deploy a Private 5G/LTE Network to Support New Technologies:To digitally transform a yard,enterprises need a robust network connectivity solution.Wi-Fi typically falls short of this goal due to its range limitations and po

52、or functionality in harsh weather conditions.Private 5G and Long Term Evolution(LTE)networks are a more suitable option for outdoor yards,providing the benefits of lower latencies,support for multiple connections,faster and more reliable connectivity for tracking use cases,and real-time monitoring/l

53、ive data 13How Technology Vendors Should Respond to Demand for Yard DigitalizationAs logistics operators increasingly embrace yard digitalization,heres how technology vendors can ensure they drive further adoption.Identify Partnerships with Terminal Operators to Provide Access to Market for Trials a

54、nd First Adopters:Given the nascency of autonomous equipment in yard environments,a helping hand when finding immediate use cases and smoothing the transition into the market is to partner with operators who can advise and support the rollout into areas of yard operations that are more suited to aut

55、onomous or unmanned support.Conducting trials with industry partners can also help smooth adoption concerns and identify issues prior to rollout.Ensure Standardized System Integration That Facilitates Interoperability with Warehouse Management Systems(WMSs)and Transport Management Systems(TMSs):The

56、adoption of a YMS typically comes after the adoption of WMS and TMS solutions,meaning standalone YMS solutions or YMS modules must have standardized protocols to work directly with existing systems.A YMS will only provide a Return on Investment(ROI)in terms of visibility if data can be transferred s

57、eamlessly between the transport,yard,and warehouse.Offer Cloud-Based Systems to Open Adoption to Smaller Organizations and Allow Better Data Sharing:Investment in yard digitalization has predominantly come from large organizations,with smaller organizations still relying on manual processes due to l

58、ess available capital and lower yard complexity.Offering cloud-based yard management solutions and Software-as-a-Service(SaaS)can remove both the high upfront costs and need for on-premises Information Technology(IT)infrastructure required to support system adoption,expanding solutions addressable m

59、arkets.Facilitate Simple Customization of Systems to Specific Yard Requirements:Current end users of YMSs have reported the need for high amounts of customization to make their YMS compatible with facilities operations.While it is not feasible to deliver customsolutions to every end user,offering lo

60、w-code/no-code platforms and the ability to add new functions can reduce Time-to-Value(TTV)and reduce the need to change system provider.About ABI ResearchABI Research provides actionable research and strategic guidance to technology leaders,innovators,and decision makers around the world that focus

61、es on transformative technologies that are dramatically reshaping industries,economies,and workforces today.ABI Researchs global team of analysts publish groundbreaking studies often years ahead of other technology advisory firms,empowering clients to stay ahead of their markets and their competitors.Published November 2023157 Columbus AvenueNew York,NY 10023516.624.2500 2023 ABI ResearchCheck out ABI Researchs Yard Management Research Spotlight for more information on the latest technologies and strategies that can help maximize yard efficiency.SEE THE SPOTLIGHT