《GSMA：2024年6G終端愿景白皮書（英文版）（55頁）.pdf》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關《GSMA：2024年6G終端愿景白皮書（英文版）（55頁）.pdf（55頁珍藏版）》請在三個皮匠報告上搜索。

1、6G Terminal Vision White PaperFeb,20246G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPERTable of Contents1.Scope42.Abbreviations,Terms and Definitions62.1 Abbreviations2.2 Terms783.Background and the Current Situation93.1 6G Terminals Bearing the Vision“Intelligent Connectivity of Everything”103.2 6G Vision Completed b

2、y Global Organizations113.3 The Emergence of New Digital Intelligence Technologies123.3.1 Native AI133.3.2 6G Satellite Communication 133.3.3 Acceleration of Industrial Digitization144.Terminals Changes and Development Trends154.1 Terminals Key Role in Information Flow164.2 Terminals Evolution in Di

3、fferent Generations174.2.1 Terminals Characteristics in Different Generations174.2.2 Specific Terminals Evolution Trends from 2G to 5G194.2.3 Terminal Evolution Trends in 6G204.2.4 Other Terminals Evolution Trends21TABLE OF CONTENTS2/555.9 Potential Scenarios for 6G Terminal5.1 Holographic Multi-sen

4、sory Entertainment Scenario5.1.1 Scenario Description225.1.2 Scenario Characteristics235.1.3 Terminal Forms and Capability Requirements235.2 Personalized Flexible Shopping Scenario255.2.1 Scenario Description25262627275.2.2 Scenario Characteristics5.2.3 Terminal Forms and Capability RequirementsTabl

5、e of Contents5.7.3 Terminal Forms and Capability Requirements375.8 Space-air-ground Integrated All-area Logistics Scenario385.8.1 Scenario Description385.8.2 Scenario Characteristics395.8.3 Terminal Forms and Capability Requirements395.9 Digital Twin City Scenario405.9.1 Scenario Description5.9.2 Sc

6、enario Characteristics40415.3 Smart Nanny Scenario5.3.1 Scenario Description 5.3.2 Scenario Characteristics285.3.3 Terminal Forms and Capability Requirements 285.4 Immersive Cloud Office Scenario29 295.4.1 Scenario Description 5.4.2 Scenario Characteristics5.4.3 Terminal Forms and Capability Require

7、ments 303131305.5 Autonomous Vehicle Transportation Scenario325.5.1 Scenario Description325.5.2 Scenario Characteristics5.5.3 Terminal Forms and Capability Requirements33335.6 Personalized Virtual Classroom Scenario345.6.1 Scenario Description345.6.2 Scenario Characteristics355.6.3 Terminal Forms an

8、d Capability Requirements355.7 Remote Smart Healthcare Scenario365.7.1 Scenario Description365.7.2 Scenario Characteristics37 3/55TABLE OF CONTENTS6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPERTable of ContentsTABLE OF CONTENTS4/555.9.3 Terminal Forms and Capability Requirements6.5 key Research Directions for 6G Te

9、rminals6.1 All-round Communication Research Direction for Terminals416.2 Native AI Research Direction for Terminals426.3 Research Direction of Real-virtual Fusion and Multi-sensory Information Presentation for Terminals4344457.Summary and Outlook7.1 6G Era Calls for Innovative 6G Terminal7.2 Prelimi

10、nary Exploration of the 4 Typical Capabilities of 6G Terminal488.References49464750516.4 Research Direction of Fundamental Materials and Craft for Terminals6.5 Research Direction of Expansion and Collaboration for Terminals6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER 1.Scope3/31 6G Terminal Vision White PaperTABL

11、E OF CONTENTS 1.Scope5/556G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPERSCOPEScopeFacing the 6th generation mobile networks(6G)industry in 2030,this research is to explore the vision of 6G terminal in the 6G era based on the 6G vision reached by ITU-R,the current 6G research results of the industry,the research resu

12、lts of GSMA Intelligence,the development trend of the terminal itself and the emerging technologies.1.06/55SCOPE6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER2.Abbreviations,Terms and Definitions7/556G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPERABBREVIATIONS,TERMS AND DEFINITIONSIMT-2030International MobileTelecommunications-2030I

13、TU-RInternational Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication SectorLRALinear Resonant ActuatorLLMLarge Language ModelMTOPSMillion Tera Operations Per SecondMIMOMultiple-Input Multiple-OutputMRMixed RealityNPUNeural Processing UnitICDTInformation,Communication,and Data TechnologyAbbreviations,Terms a

14、nd Definitions2.02.1 Abbreviations 3GPP3rd Generation Partner ProjectAIArtificial IntelligenceARAugmented RealityCDMACode Division Multiple AccessChatGPTChat Generative Pre-trained TransformerERMEccenric Rotating MassCPUCentral Processing UnitGPUGraphics Processing UnitGSMAGlobal System for Mobile C

15、ommunications AssociationHMDHead-mounted DisplayGTOPSGiga Tera Operations Per Second8/556G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPERABBREVIATIONS,TERMS AND DEFINITIONSOEMOriginal Equipment ManufacturerOFDMAOrthogonal Frequency Division Multiple AccessRISReconfigurable Intelligent SurfaceOAMOrbital Angular Momentu

16、mSDMASpace Division Multiple AccessTDMATime Division Multiple AccessVRVirtual RealityFlexible HardwareElectronic devices and systems made from flexible materials.XRExtended RealityTHzTerahertz2.2 Terms6G6th Generation6G TerminalTerminals with their typical characteristics in the 6G era.6G Satellite

17、InterconnectivityEnabling Data Transmission and Communication Interconnectivity Through Satellite Networks in the 6G Era.Native AIArtificial Intelligence as acore component and deep integration with it.Intelligent Connectivity of EverythingBy leveraging advanced information technology,achieve the ef

18、ficient integration of people,processes,data,and things,forming an intelligent,highly interconnected network system.Ubiquitous IntelligenceIntegrating artificial intelligence technology with various devices,systems,and services to achieve pervasive intelligence.Integrated Sensing And CommunicationCo

19、mbining communication technology with sensing technology to achieve the fusion of information transmission and environmental awareness.Immersive Extended Reality(XR)Created based on augmented reality technology,a deeply immersive and interactive virtual environment.All-around CommunicationA system i

20、ntegrated with various communication methods and technologies,capable of achieving efficient and reliable information transmission in various environments and various requirements.AI communicationIntegrating artificial intelligence technology with communication technology to enhance the performance

21、and efficiency of communication systems.9/556G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPERABBREVIATIONS,TERMS AND DEFINITIONS3.Background and the Current Situation 10/556G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPERBACKGROUND AND THE CURRENT SITUATIONBackground and the Current Situation3.03.1 6G Terminals Bearing the Vision“Intell

22、igent Connectivity of Everything”11/556G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPERIn the 5G era,we are gradually moving towards the era of Internet of Everything,and 6G is expected to bring us into the era of Intelligent Connectivity of Everything,where the physical world and the virtual world are fused.6G is no

23、longer just a communica-tion technology,but a huge distributed intelligent network,which integrates communication,percep-tion,computing and other capabilities,connects the physical,biological,and digital worlds deeply,and brings the real Intelligent Connectivity of Every-thing to people.Based on 5G

24、development,6G will expand the connecting,not only connecting people to people,things to things,but further bringing Intelligent Connectivity,popularizing smart con-nectivity to everyone,every family,and every enterprise,leading a new wave of innovation.In this vision,6Gs core capabilities,new appli

25、cation scenarios,new requirements,and major changes in communication and network architecture will be explored and practiced.It marks a glorious future,a future full of intelligence and connectivity,in which 6G will propel human society into a new digital era.In the 6G-enabled digital era,individual

26、s will have more customized digital services to make social communication more convenient.Families will improve their quality of life through smart home systems,and industries will achieve efficiency and energy enhancement through digital intelligence.Industries will gradually exceed the traditional

27、 constraints and create new business models and opportunities through digitalization.To achieve all this and move to a higher level of digital society,6G terminals will play a key role.The widespread application of digitalization and the development of digital strategy worldwide have created an urge

28、nt requirement for the new capabilities of 6G termi-nals,making 6G terminals become the engine of the digital era to meet the growing demands for digita-lization,and propel human society toward a smarter and highly connected future.BACKGROUND AND THE CURRENT SITUATION3.26G Vision Completed by Global

29、 Organizations Figure 3-1 ITU-R 6 visions and 4 principlesITU-R WP 5D completed the IMT-2030(6G)draft proposal and adopted it at the 44th meeting on 22 June 2023.ITU-R reached a global consensus on the vision of IMT-2030(6G),which is an important milestone in the 6G development process and starts a

30、new round of research on 6G.ITU-R reached 6 visions:immersive communication,hyper reliable and low-latency communication,massive communi-cation,ubiquitous connectivity,artificial Intelligence and communication,integrated sensing and com-munication,as well as 4 design principles applicable to all sce

31、narios:sustainability,security and resil-ience,connecting the unconnected,ubiquitous intelligence.Integrated sensing and communication,AI and communication,ubiquitous connectivity are 3 new scenarios added by IMT-2030.Immersive communication,hyper reliable and low-latency communication massive commu

32、nication,are the extensions based on the IMT-2020 vision.12/55BACKGROUND AND THE CURRENT SITUATION6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPEROrganizationsResearch resultsGSMA“The green generation:bridging 5G and 6G”“Setting the Stage for 6G”ITU-R“Framework and overall objectives of the future development of IMT

33、for 2030 and beyond”“Future technology trends of terrestrial International Mobile Telecommunications systems towards 2030 and beyond”Table 3-1 6G research results from multiple organizations around the worldIn addition,multiple global standardization organizations,associations,and industrial partner

34、s have published their research results and visions on 6G,as shown in Table 3-1.6GANA“6G Network Native AI Technology Requirements White Paper”“6GANA-Network-AI-White-Paper”IMT2030“6G Typical Scenarios and Key Capabilities White Paper”“Research Report on Application Scenarios and Requirements of 6G

35、Distributed Network Technology”Next GAlliance“6G:The Next Frontier of Innovation and Investment”“Beyond Speed:Promoting Social and Economic Opportunities through 6G and beyond”6GIA“What societal values will 6G address”Hexa-X“Hexa-X architecture for B5G/6G networks final release”“Final 6G architectur

36、al enablers and technological solutions”NGMN“6G Driver And Vision”“6G Requirements And Design Consideration”Global 6G Conference“ICDT Integrated 6G Network 3.0”“Low-Carbon Smart 6G for Sustainable Development:Vision and Technology Trends”3.3The Emergence of New Digital Intelligence TechnologiesThe d

37、evelopment of 6G terminals is also benefiting from the emergence of digital intelligence technologies,represented by artificial intelligence,satellite interconnectivity,industrial digitization,and flexible hardware,which will bring richer functionality to 6G terminals,as well as change the user expe

38、rience and the applica-tions scope.13/55BACKGROUND AND THE CURRENT SITUATION6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER In recent years artificial intelligence has continued to develop at a high speed and has impacted all aspects of society,work,lifestyle,and production.AI algorithms gradually developed from sin

39、gle,small,lightweight models to ChatGPT as the typical representative of multiple,large,heavy models.Considering that AI will further affect every aspect of human life,ITU-R has incorporated AI technology into the 6G as one of the 6 visions,and GSMA also released AI Mobile Device Requirements Specif

40、ica-tion in 2023 which has carried out in-depth research and exploration of the AI implementation on the terminal side,including:the training and updating of AI models on the terminal side,various AI technologies implementation and user experi-ence on the terminal and introduces a new concept of AI

41、agent as the users intelligent assistant that will provide a series of advanced functions.The AI technology will also become one of the key indis-pensable capabilities for the future 6G terminal.In recent years,significant progress has been made in satellite communication technology,making its integ

42、ration with 6G terminals.Satellite communica-tion has been recognized as one of the 6 visions for the development of 6G technology,which suggests that satellite communication technology will be closely associated with the future development of 6G terminals.The integration of satellite communi-cation

43、 technology will bring many potential advan-tages to 6G terminals.First,it will greatly expand the communication coverage of terminal devices,which will no longer be limited by the range of terrestrial base stations.This means that even in remote areas or places without traditional infra-structure,6

44、G terminals will still be able to stay connected and provide a seamless communication experience for users.Second,satellite communica-tions will accelerate the global interconnection of 6G terminals.Users will be able to access high-speed data transmission and communications globally,no longer limit

45、ed by geography.This will have a profound impact on global communications,emergency response and cross-border operations.In addition,satellite communication will provide satellite navigation and location services,enabling 6G terminals to have higher accuracy and availabili-ty in navigation,positioni

46、ng and augmented reality applications.This will broaden the scope of applica-tion of 6G terminals in various fields,including transportation,agriculture,and emergency services.3.3.1 Native AI3.3.2 6G Satellite Communication14/55BACKGROUND AND THE CURRENT SITUATION6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER Digit

47、al transformation in industry has accelerated,and digital development has become a global consensus withing more than 170+countries around the world releasing digital strategies.Along with digitization development,it will bring major chang-es to individuals,families,businesses,industries,and even ci

48、ties and countries.The GSMA has been focusing and tracking digitization trends in the industry,as early as 2019,it gained insights into the digital transformation trends in the industry and launched the Digital Leaders Programee(DLP)with the aim of facilitating the mobile industry to inno-vate and c

49、ollaborate with the wider ecosystem.The industry digitization is evolving rapidly,and in the future,industry will move towards flexibility,intelli-gence,customization,and servicing.Not only the industry will be digitized,but the world of the future will evolve into a digital world.In the background

50、of industrial digital transforma-tion:6G will serve as an important infrastructure for digitization.6G will be deeply fused with digitized industries,the industry is currently discussing more about digitalization for network and network for digitization.Similarly,the terminal is closest to the user,

51、from the perspective of the user and the terminal,it is necessary to consider digitalization for terminal and terminal for digitalization.To sum up,under the background of the rapid development of digital society and digital intelli-gence technology,6G terminal will fuse with native AI,satellite int

52、erconnection,industrial digitization,and other technologies,and profoundly change human society,production,work,and lifestyle,leading human beings to step into the digital and intelligent world,and realizing the seamless integra-tion of the digital world and the physical world.3.3.3 Acceleration of

53、Industrial Digitization15/55BACKGROUND AND THE CURRENT SITUATION6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER4.Terminals Changes and Development Trends16/556G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPERTERMINALS CHANGESAND DEVELOPMENT TRENDSTerminals Changes and Development Trends4.04.1 Terminals Key Role in Information FlowThe i

54、nformation flow always occurs in the production,work and life of human society,and the terminal plays a key role in the information flow.The terminal is not only an important carrier of many kinds of information and the source of information generation,but aslo participates in and supports the entir

55、e information flow links.As shown in Figure 4-1 below,terminals are involved in many information flow links:information generation,input,storage,processing,transmission,presentation and so on.Information generation link:Use the terminal to make video call,the video call generating audio infor-mation

56、 and video information,etc.Information input link:Use the terminals keyboard to enter text,use the terminals microphone for voice input,etc.Information storage link:The terminal stores the obtained information such as image,video,audio in the terminal storage unit.Information processing link:The ter

57、minal performs signal processing such as modulation,coding,decoding,demodulation on images/videos to be transmitted.Information transmission link:Terminal transmission of pictures/videos requires uplink/downlink data transmission with network.Information presentation link:Display of received photos

58、and videos on the terminal screen,play the sound using the terminals microphone,etc.Figure 4-1：Terminalskey role in information flow17/55TERMINALS CHANGESAND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER4.2 Terminals Evolution in Different Generations 4.2.1 Terminals Characteristics in Different

59、Generations18/55It can be observed from the evolution trend of terminals in different eras from 2G to 5G,terminals are constantly driving the efficiency of the entire information flow:2G:feature phones from Motorola,NOKIA,etc.,as the typical representative of 2G era terminal has good performance,qua

60、lity and portability and had the leading sales in the global market in the era of feature phones.2G era terminals have its typical functions:voice call,SMS sending and receiving.2G era terminals can be used regardless of space or time.The portability and mobility of 2G era termi-nal free users from

61、being restricted to fixed places and time.The generation of information is free from the limitation of place and time,and informa-tion can be generated,inputted,transmitted,processed,and presented by users anytime and anywhere.2G terminal promotes the efficiency of the whole information flow link,an

62、d greatly facili-tates the communication for users at any time and any place,and the whole industry has also entered the mobile era.3G:As the transition era before 4G,smartphones began to appear.The typical function is to support a variety of APPs installation,although most of the typical APPs in 3G

63、 focus on social networking,light application,picture transmission,browsing the web,etc.,but 3G era terminal has opened a window for the new era.Among them,NOKIAs smartphone with Symbian system has become the main representative of smartphones because of its smooth user experience and easy operation

64、.3G era terminals support the installation of many kinds of APPs,which generate a large amount of informa-tion to be processed for the information flow links,but 3G era terminals dont have a large high-defini-tion screen,so they cant present the information adequately.In addition,the 3G network cann

65、ot support burst high speed information transmission,which makes the information transmission link restricted,and the whole information flow link is not efficiently improved.Although the smart termi-nal in the 3G era is short-lived,the terminal has generated a large amount of information that needs

66、to be processed,and it also pushes the industry to enter the next generation quickly.4G:As a typical representative of the 4G era termi-nal,single iPhone6 series sales up to more than 200 million.In addition,Samsung cell phone had the leading sales in the global market in the era of smartphones,the

67、large screen display and innova-tive and convenient input methods have led to more APPs bringing users a revolutionary experi-ence,supporting the installation and operation of various functional APPs,no longer limited to the few types of APPs in 3G.4G terminals efficiently and timely process a varie

68、ty of APPs,making them bring users the satisfaction of the function and experience.For the information flow links,users usage of all kinds of APPs all the time generates a huge amount of information,and 4G era terminals do well in the processing,storage and transmission of huge amount of information

69、,and at the same time,4G era terminal has a high-definition large screen that can adequately present the informa-tion.In addition,4G era terminals efficiently support and drive all the links in the information flow.4G era terminals promote the efficiency of the entire information flow to a new stage

70、,which profoundly affects and changes every aspect of users work and life,and the industry has entered the mobile Internet era.5G:Samsung,Huawei,HONOR,OPPO,VIVO,Xiaomi and other terminal companies launched a variety of foldable phones,including inward fold-able phone,outward foldable phone,large fol

71、dable TERMINALS CHANGESAND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER Figure 4-2 Terminal characteristics in different generations xKbpsxMbpsxxxMbpsxxGbps19/55 phone,small foldable phone,which united to promote the foldable phone to become an import-ant type of high-end phone.For the informati

72、on flow links，different foldable screen sizes make the information presentation ability greatly improved while considering terminals portability.Foldable screen phone is expected to become the main-stream of terminal in the future.For the information input link，5G era terminals support natural speec

73、h inputting,which enhance the convenience and accuracy of human-computer interaction and significantly improve the efficiency for information input link.In addition,the cell phone can efficiently collaborate with nearby devices,such as watches,computers,tablets,PCs,TVs,speakers,etc.to form a unique

74、information ecosystem.This creates efficient local information flow in the production,input,processing,and presentation of information and so on.In the 5G era,the various terminals will continue to promote the efficiency of the entire information flow.Feature PhoneSmart PhoneAdvanced Smart PhoneFold

75、able Smart Phone,etc.2G3G4G5GTERMINALS CHANGESAND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPERWith the evolution in different generations terminals play an increasingly important role in the information flow as shown in Table 4-1 below:4.2.2 Specific Terminals Evolution Trends from 2G to 5G Info

76、GenerationBusiness formsSMSCallsTable 4-1 Terminals evolution trends from 2G to 5GSocialWebsiteMultimediaMobile gamesOnline HD livebroadcastSmart businessInfoGenerationMultimedia InputNo CameraLow resolution CameraHDTelephotoWide-angle camera3D cameraCamera arrayHyper-spectralcameraHuman-computer in

77、teractionKeyboardTouch screenMulti-touch screenNatural speechLarge Language ModelOFDMA+SDMAMassive MIMOFlexible spectrumNew carriersInfo ProcessingProcessing unitCPUCPUCPU,GPUCPU,GPU,NPUComputing powerN/AMTOPSGTOPSTTOPSInfo StorageStorage sizeN/AMBGBTBStored contentContactsSMSPhotosVideosAudioHD Mul

78、timediainformationAPPAPP dataMassive high-definition multimedia informationUser history dataNearby device dataAI modelsInfo Trans-missionInfo formsVoicePictureStreaming mediaVideoRich media2D high-definition videoPeak rateTypical techxKbpsTDMAFDMAOFDMAMIMOxMbpsCDMAxxxMbpsXXGbps20/55TERMINALS CHANGES

79、AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPERInfo FlowGenerations2G3G4G5G Info FlowGenerations2G3G4G5GInfo PresentationVisual informationMonochrome screen displayColor screen display,Low resolutionHD 2K large screen displayFoldableScreen4K HD display Auditory informationAudioDigital audioHD a

80、udio3D audioTouch/smell/tasteinformationN/AN/AERMLRA4.2.3 Terminals Evolution Trends in 6G21/55According to trend that the terminal in different generations promotes the high efficiency of infor-mation flow and supports new technology,we explore the terminal evolution trend in 6G:Terminals generate

81、a larger amount of information at a faster speed.As the source of information generation,generate massive information immedi-ately on the terminal side.In the information gener-ation link,6G terminal will support generating 3D audio(spatial audio),3D video(spatial video),intelli-gent assistant,and d

82、igital world business informa-tion.Terminals are getting more and more efficient in obtaining user input.Terminal using diverse and intelligent human-computer interaction methods obtain information input immediately.6G terminals in the information input link,sensors will support the input and collec

83、tion of information such as touch,smell,taste,and other human senses,and the human-computer interaction methods will support holographic interaction input methods and even brain-computer input methods.The increasingly large local storage of terminals stores the acquired information timely and locall

84、y.In the information storage link,6G terminals will support 1,000 times enhancement to reach PB level.The stored information will not only contain the information of the physical world but also the information of the digital world.Increasingly powerful processing capabilities allow terminals to proc

85、ess information immediately.In the information processing link,6G terminals will expand their capabilities from processing image and voice data to supporting 3D and virtual data processing.To achieve this,they will adopt more efficient new processors,and the terminals computational capa-bilities wil

86、l be upgraded from TTOPS to PTOPS.Terminals increasingly transmission high rate and low latency enable the real-time transmission of massive information(sending and receiving).In the information transmission link:6G terminal will support the transmission of 3D multimedia informa-tion,and the peak ra

87、te supported will also have a 1,000 times enhancement to reach the Tbps level,and the typical communication technology will also support AI communication,the integration of communication and sensing,and space-air-ground integrated network,etc.The terminals will have increasingly rich presenta-tion c

88、apabilities,enabling them to display complex multi-dimensional information in real-time.In the information presentation link:6G terminals will go beyond the current 2D information presentation and support the presentation of 3D video,holo-graphic images,and 3D audio.Furthermore,they will also suppor

89、t the presentation of multi-dimen-sional information such as touch,smell,and taste.TERMINALS CHANGESAND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER 4.2.4 Other Terminals Evolution Trends 4.2.4.1 Trends in security and privacy protection As defined by ITU-R，the 6 visions will involve the collect

90、ion,use,and transmission of data.With the deep integration of AI,digital big data,blockchain,and 6G,the security and privacy of data are facing more diversified and intelligent attacks.In order to realize the information flow in a highly efficient,secure,and compliant way,it is necessary to con-side

91、r designing corresponding security and privacy protection mechanisms.For the future of intelligent interconnection of all things,massive devices,massive connections and ubiquitous intelligent functions,whether for the protection of a single terminal devices information flow link,multiple collaborati

92、ve terminals,or cross-device information flow link,the security and privacy will involve every aspect of the user.To provide products and services that can generate endogenous security and privacy protection for the user will be the whole industry partners responsi-bility and obligation.The Eco-desi

93、gn Regulation and Energy Efficiency Labelling Scheme released by European Union on June 16,2023 for mobile phones and tablets will be formally implemented in 2025.Many countries around the world set their own carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.However,the realization of the goals poses a new

94、 challenge to the innovation of new technologies.At the same time,the elimina-tion of a large number of old terminals every year is also causing a large amount of e-waste.In the 6G era,a huge number of devices,connections,and devices working all the time and everywhere will bring huge energy consump

95、tion,therefore the low-carbon environmental protection and high energy efficiency for terminals will be the important trend.Whether it is the low power consumption research on screen display in the information presentation link,the low power consumption research on the specific data processor in the

96、 information process-ing link,or the high-speed and low power con-sumption transmission in the information transmis-sion link,each link in the information flow needs to be studied and the energy efficiency needs to be improved to realize the high-efficiency operation and low power consumption of the

97、 information flow to bring sustainable and low-carbon benefits to the society,production and life.4.2.4.2 Trends in Energy Efficiency22/55TERMINALS CHANGESAND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER 1.Scope3/31 TABLE OF CONTENTS 5.9 Potential Scenarios for 6G Terminal23/556G TERMINAL VISION

98、 WHITE PAPER9 POTENTIAL SCENARIOSFOR 6G TERMINAL5.1.1 Scenario Description 9 Potential Scenarios for 6G Terminal5.05.1 Holographic Multi-sensory Entertainment Scenario24/556G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER6G technology will support human beings to have a deeper understanding and perception of the physi

99、cal world,help human beings to build a virtual world and a virtual-reality integration world,to expand the activity space of human beings.At the same time,it will support many intelligent agents to be interconnected,to extend the level of physical ability and intelli-gence of human beings.Combined w

100、ith 6G technology,immersive entertainment extends the activity space and the baseline of physical and intellectual capabilities,reflecting the perfect collaboration of human-computer-object-envi-ronment.Users can simultaneously enjoy the immersive entertainment experience from the physical world and

101、 the virtual world,respectively,for their synergy and integration,and flexible switching.6G immersive entertainment scenarios will make use of human senses and cognition,including immersive XR,holographic communi-cation and five senses interaction and other technologies,to create an immersive experi

102、ence for the user and provide a series business of high-fidelity experience.Holographic technology can stereoscopically reproduce any object including the human body,equipment,buildings,natural landscapes and so on.Holographic communication,based on the naked eye or with the help of head-mounted dis

103、play equipment(HMD),transmits the holo-graphic information of the subject to the desig-nated location through the network.It uses holographic projection or imaging technology to stereoscopically reproduce the subject,and to realize the real-time interactive operations such as communication and manip

104、ulation with the subject so that people are not subject to the limitations of time or space,and to open up the boundaries between the virtual scene and the real scene,so that the user can enjoy an immer-sive experience.By the 6G era,holographic three-dimensional display will be realized.The user can

105、 see 360-degree 3D effects only by naked eyes,and from different angles different information will be displayed,bringing users an immersive visual experience.In addition,through real-time interaction between the user and the holographic 3D object,holographic communica-tion can control the object bei

106、ng presented while the user is viewing the holographic content to achieve a high sense of immersion in the human-computer interaction.XR refers to all environments and human-com-puter interactions that combine the real and virtual worlds created by computer technology and wearable devices.It combine

107、s the technical concepts of VR,AR,and MR.Immersive XR is a form of deeper development of XR,and is known as the ultimate form of future interaction.It realizes user experience expansion and human-computer interaction through complete simulation and real-time interaction of sensory information such a

108、s vision,hearing,touch,and smell.Immersive XR services will provide higher 9 POTENTIAL SCENARIOSFOR 6G TERMINALFigure5-1 Holographic multi-sensory gaming scenario25/55service characteristics including ultra-high resolu-tion,high frame rate,wide color gamut,high bit depth and high dynamic range(HDR),

109、wide field of view,and more natural interaction.The 6G terminal will utilize the new service features to create an immersive experience for users.6G immersive service cover a wide range of enter-tainment scenarios including media livestreaming,immersive online gaming,etc.For example,in the gaming sc

110、enario,users can start the game through their cell phones,wear wireless helmets,gloves,watches,wear/hold gaming equipment deployed with various haptic sensors.3D surround sound speakers are deployed in the room,and multiple users will play the game with each other.The users will be able to see the H

111、D images from up/down,left/right,and front/back,and hear and recognize the sounds from different directions.The sensors of the gaming equipment transmit a series of haptic feedback(vibration,weight,impact,etc.)according to the changes of scenarios,so the users can sense the mood of the gaming compan

112、ions and manipu-late the game by gaming equipment,gestures,and voice.Or the users can use their smartphones to select a game of interest,such as soccer,basketball,car racing or extreme sports,and then create or join a multiplayer gaming room.By wearing XR helmets,watches,and putting on/holding sport

113、s equipment deploying multiple haptic sensors,the users can enter the sports field in the virtual world and adjust the virtual characters movements in the match according to the actual body postures to feel the real sports experience.The high-quality audio and visual effects will immerse users in th

114、e intense competition.The built-in sensors in the watch can accurately capture the users physiological indica-tors and present them in real time to the users.9 POTENTIAL SCENARIOSFOR 6G TERMINAL6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPERMobilityHMMMMMMReliabilitySecurity and resilienceMMMMMMMHMMMMMMConnection de

115、nsityMMMHMMMLatencyMHHHHHH5.1.2 Scenario CharacteristicsTerminal Forms and Capability Requirements High-speed information transmission:uploading and downloading.Extremely strong information processing ability,such as rendering data.Low latency to ensure experience,non-dizziness,and cooperation betwe

116、en devices.Collaboration of multiple types of devices.High-precision perceptual positioning is needed between multiple types of devices.Portability of terminal devices.Integration of multiple sensors in terminal devices.Limited mobility of terminal devices.AI recognizes users movement,gesture,voice,

117、expression,etc.Ultra-high precision media processing.5.1.3 Capability requirements are derived from 9 enhanced capabilities(peak data rate,user experienced data rate,spectrum efficiency,area traffic capacity,connection density,mobility,latency,reliability,security and resilience),and 6 new capabilit

118、ies(coverage,positioning,sensing-related capabilities,applicable AI-related capabilities,sustainability and interoperability)in the ITU-R IMT.Note:N indicates not relevant;M indicates moderately relevant and can be met by current 5G;H indicates highly relevant and requires 6G.Capability requirements

119、PhoneXR helmetHolographic deviceNetwork access pointGaming deviceSmart glovesWatchPeak data rateMHHHMMMUser experienced data rateMHHHMMMArea traffic capacityMHMHMMMSpectrum efficiencyMHMHMMM26/559 POTENTIAL SCENARIOSFOR 6G TERMINAL6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPERPositioningHNNNHNNInteroperabilityHHHHH

120、HHFigure 5-2 Personalized flexible shopping scenarioCapability requirementsPhoneXR helmetHolographic deviceNetwork access pointGaming deviceSmart glovesWatchCoverageMMMHMMMSensing-related capabilitiesHMMNMHHSustainabilityHHHHHHHApplicable AI-relatedcapabilitiesHMMNMMM5.2.1 Scenario DescriptionIn the

121、 6G shopping scenario,consumers demand a smarter,more interesting and personalized shop-ping experience.The ultimate flexible shopping scenario will be a huge leap forward in the future shopping experience,integrating 6G communica-tions,artificial intelligence and virtual reality tech-nology to prov

122、ide consumers with an unparalleled personalized shopping experience.In this scenario,shoppers can enter the virtual shopping world through their own 6G smart devices(e.g.,XR helmets,XR glasses,etc.),and they will be immersed in exploring various virtual stores and shopping centers.Smart shopping ass

123、istant termi-nals,based on in-depth analysis of various factors such as consumers preferences,shopping history,body measurement data and fashion trends,recom-mend precise products and services for consumers.Consumers can try on a variety of clothing,match different accessories,experience different c

124、osmetics and view themselves in the virtual world.Once shoppers finalize their purchase,the smart assistant will assist them in choosing payment methods,providing shopping cart and order track-ing functions.The order information will be trans-mitted in real time to the flexible factory,which will us

125、e a highly intelligent production process to personalize and customize the production accord-ing to the size and style selected by the consumer in the virtual shopping world.After the factory com-pletes the production,the products will be delivered directly to consumers via drones.5.2 Personalized F

126、lexible Shopping Scenario27/559 POTENTIAL SCENARIOSFOR 6G TERMINAL6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER28/55User experienced data rateHHMHMArea traffic capacityHMMHMSpectrum efficiencyHMMHM5.2.2 Scenario CharacteristicsTerminal Forms and Capability RequirementsHigh-speed information transmission:uploading

127、and downloading.Extremely strong information processing ability,such as data rendering.Low latency to ensure experience,non-dizziness,and cooperation with devices.Integration of multiple sensors in terminal devices.Cloud connectivity and data analytics.AI interaction.Communication wide-area coverage

128、.5.2.3 Capability requirementsXR helmetHolographic deviceDronesXR glasses Assistant terminalPeak data rateHHMHMMobilityMMMMMReliabilityMMMMMLatencyHHMHHConnection densityMMMMMCoverageMMHMMSecurity and resilienceMMMMMApplicable AI-related capabilitiesMMMMHInteroperabilityHHHHHSustainabilityHHHHHPosit

129、ioningNNHNNSensing-related capabilitiesMMMMM9 POTENTIAL SCENARIOSFOR 6G TERMINAL6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER5.3.1 Scenario Description 5.3Smart Nanny ScenarioFigure 5-3 Smart Nanny scenarioIn the 6G home scene,users demand a more intelli-gent,convenient,and attentive service experience.The integra

130、tion of 6G communication,artificial intelligence,Internet of Things and other important technologies creates a Smart Nanny scenario full of scientific and technological innovation.The Smart Nanny Robot has a highly intelligent perception and thinking ability.It can independently perceive the home en

131、vironment,understand the needs of family members,and intelligently interconnect with a variety of devices at home,which can provide diversified services according to user needs.Equipped with high-precision sensors and highly sensitive robots,Smart Nanny can perform daily household chores such as cle

132、aning,cooking,and washing.Users can talk to the smart nanny through their cell phones and schedule tasks,such as,Hello Smartie,Im a little hungry and Ill be back home at 7:00.Mop the floor and set the air-conditioning temperature to 25 degrees.When the user returns home,he or she can enjoy delicious

133、 food and a comfortable and elegant home.In terms of entertainment and socialization,Smart Nanny can help family members plan activities,purchase tickets,make restaurant reservations and interact with family members.In addition,the Smart Nanny is equipped with a vital signs monitor,which can monitor

134、 family members vital signs in real time,such as heart rate,blood pressure,body tempera-ture and blood sugar level,etc.It can call for emer-gency services if it detects abnormalities in the users vital signs.29/559 POTENTIAL SCENARIOSFOR 6G TERMINAL6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPERUser experienced data

135、 rateMMMMMArea traffic capacityMMMMMSpectrum efficiencyMMMMM5.3.2 Scenario CharacteristicsTerminal Forms and Capability Requirements Ultra-high speed and low latency.Extremely strong information processing ability,real-time data processing.Large-scale IoT connectivity.Highly accurate perceptual posi

136、tioning required between multiple types of devices.AI interaction.Multimodal communication.Global coverage of communication signals.5.3.3 Capability requirementsSmart Nanny RobotVSM monitorphoneSmart rice cookerSmart air conditionerPeak data rateMMMMMMobilityMMHMMReliabilityHMMMMLatencyHHMMMConnecti

137、on densityMMMMMCoverageMMHMMSecurity and resilienceHMMMMApplicable AI-related capabilitiesHNHMMInteroperabilityHHHMMSustainabilityHHHHHPositioningHNHMMSensing-related capabilitiesHNHMM30/559 POTENTIAL SCENARIOSFOR 6G TERMINAL6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER5.4.1 Scenario Description 5.4Immersive Cloud

138、 Office ScenarioIn 6G telecommuting scenarios,users demand a more immersive,real-time and convenient office experience.In the 6G era,terminal devices will be equipped with more powerful computing and connectivity capabilities to support high-definition virtual meetings,enhance the collaboration of w

139、orking in office and telecommuting.In an immersive cloud office scenario,users dont need to go to the office to work and clock in.They can select their preferred office scenario on their cell phones,put on the XR device,and then interact with their colleagues and share documents in the virtual world

140、 as if they are working in the same office.Team members participate in meeting discussions from all over the world,share screens and edit documents.Remote work is more social and interactive.Users choose to print the designed three-dimensional model in the virtual world,and the intelligent 3D printe

141、r in the physical world can print the model in real time.Users can conduct immersive work even in high-speed trains,airplanes,ships or remote areas without worrying about connection interrupted or data loss.Global network coverage and high-speed data transmission services will effectively enhance th

142、e users business travel experience.Figure 5-4 Immersive cloud office31/559 POTENTIAL SCENARIOSFOR 6G TERMINAL6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER4/31 User experienced data rateMMHHHArea traffic capacityMMHHMSpectrum efficiencyMMHHM5.4.2 Scenario CharacteristicsTerminal Forms and Capability Requirements Hi

143、gh-speed information transmission:uploading and downloading.Extremely strong information processing ability,such as data rendering,etc.Low latency to ensure experience,non-dizziness,and cooperation between devices.Multi-type device collaboration.High-precision perceptual positioning.Portability of t

144、erminal devices.Multi-network support for devices.Wide coverage of communication.AI interaction.3D printing.5.4.3 Capability requirementsPhoneSmart 3D printerXR device DeviceNetwork access pointHolographic devicePeak data rateMMHHHMobilityHMMMMReliabilityMMMMMLatencyMHHHHConnection densityMMMHMCover

145、ageMMMHMSecurity and resilienceHMMMMApplicable AI-related capabilitiesHNHMMInteroperabilityHHHHHSustainabilityHHHHHPositioningHNNNNSensing-related capabilitiesHNMNM32/559 POTENTIAL SCENARIOSFOR 6G TERMINAL6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER4/31 5.5.1 Scenario Description 5.5 Autonomous Vehicle Transporta

146、tion ScenarioIn 6G intelligent transportation,users demand a more intelligent,comfortable,and safer driving experience.And 6G technologies such as intelligent interconnection,real-time sensing,and ultra-low latency will provide an important guarantee for users intelligent,comfortable,and safe travel

147、.These technologies include fully autonomous vehicles,intelligent traffic management systems and the deep integration of smart city infrastruc-tures.Vehicles can realize highly autonomous driving,real-time sensing and adapt to complex road conditions without human intervention.In the autonomous vehi

148、cle transportation scenario,the user remotely starts the car via cell phone and the car will automatically move to the designated location.When the user rides in the autonomous car,it utilizes sensors to perceive the surrounding environment in real time and performs high-preci-sion positioning on a

149、digital map.The vehicle is equipped with an intelligent terminal navigation system,which can independently plan the best route and make intelligent decisions based on traffic and road conditions.The autonomous vehi-cles do not need to stop when driving to an inter-section,and only need to appropriat

150、ely adjust the speed to avoid each other,and they can also move safely in various extreme environments.Users can view real-time navigation,road conditions and arrival times on the screen.High-speed communica-tion between vehicles and vehicles,vehicles and infrastructure(e.g.,smart traffic lights,env

151、ironment monitoring terminals,etc.)makes autonomous vehicles safer and more reliable.The in-vehicle terminal considers the users travel preferences and schedule and provides personal-ized travel suggestions to the user,significantly improving the travel experience.In addition,the in-vehicle terminal

152、 provides a high-quality Internet connection so that users can enjoy real-time media streaming and gaming entertainment services,which makes traveling more comfortable.Figure 5-5 Autonomous vehicle transportation scenario33/559 POTENTIAL SCENARIOSFOR 6G TERMINAL6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER4/31 Use

153、r experienced data rateMHMMMArea traffic capacityMHMMMSpectrum efficiencyMHMMM5.5.2 Scenario CharacteristicsTerminal Forms and Capability Requirements Ultra-high speed and low latency.Extremely strong information processing capability,real-time data processing.Terminal devices support edge computing

154、.Massive connectivity of terminal devices.Support cloud connection.Intelligent perception and high-precision positioning of terminal devices.Terminal devices have AI interaction capability.Terminal devices support multimodal protocol interoperability.Global coverage of communication signals.5.5.3 Ca

155、pability requirementsPhoneAutonomous vehicleSmart traffic lightsIn-vehicle terminalEnvironment monitoring terminalPeak data rateMHMMMMobilityHHNHNReliabilityMHMMMLatencyMHHMHConnection densityMHHMMCoverageMHHMHSecurity and resilienceHHMMHApplicable AI-related capabilitiesHHMMNInteroperabilityHHHMMSu

156、stainabilityHHHHHPositioningHHNHNSensing-related capabilitiesHHHMH34/559 POTENTIAL SCENARIOSFOR 6G TERMINAL6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER4/31 5.6.1 Scenario Description 5.6 Personalized Virtual Classroom ScenarioFigure 5-6 Personalized virtual classroom scenario35/55 In the future 6G education scena

157、rio,students demand more vivid,interesting,and personalized learning.Technologies such as extended reality,holographic communication,and sensory intercon-nection can create personalized virtual learning environments for students,making learning more vivid and interesting.In the 6G personalized virtu

158、al classroom scenario,students can choose to experi-ence different subjects such as history,science experiments or world geography according to their preference.Students can access the virtual classroom at any time and place by selecting teaching scenarios via smartphones and wearing XR helmets and

159、watches.The virtual classroom provides a wealth of virtual teaching resources,including virtual labs,3D models,teaching materials and virtual reality scenarios.These resources enable students to better understand and master the course content.In the virtual classroom,students can enjoy a high-qualit

160、y visual and auditory experience.Students can choose their seats,interact with other students and teachers from all over the world,engage in voice and text chats,ask questions,watch teachers presentations on the virtual black-board,view 3D models and virtual experiments as if they were there.9 POTEN

161、TIAL SCENARIOSFOR 6G TERMINAL6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER4/31 User experienced data rateMMMHHArea traffic capacityMMMHHSpectrum efficiencyMMMHH5.6.2 Scenario CharacteristicsTerminal Forms and Capability Requirements High-speed information transmission:uploading and downloading.Extremely strong inf

162、ormation processing ability,such as data rendering.Low latency to ensure experience,non-dizziness,and cooperation between devices.Multi-type device collaboration.High-precision perceptual positioning.Portability of terminal devices.Multi-network support for devices.AI interaction.Cloud connectivity

163、and data analytics.5.6.3 Capability requirementsPhoneTabletWatchXR helmetNetwork access pointPeak data rateMMMHHMobilityHHMMMReliabilityMMMMMLatencyMMHHHConnection densityMMMMHCoverageHHMMHSecurity and resilienceHMMMMApplicable AI-related capabilitiesHHMMNInteroperabilityHMMHHSustainabilityHHHHHPosi

164、tioningHMMNNSensing-related capabilitiesHMMMNMMM3D surround sound speakerMNMMMMNNMHNN36/559 POTENTIAL SCENARIOSFOR 6G TERMINAL6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER4/31 5.7.1 Scenario Description 5.7 Remote Smart Healthcare ScenarioFigure 5-7 Remote smart healthcare scenarioIn the 6G healthcare scenario,pat

165、ients need more efficient and accessible smart healthcare services and experiences of higher quality,and key technol-ogies such as 6G communications,smart robotic arms,and extended reality provide important support for remote smart healthcare.In the future remote intelligent healthcare scenario,pati

166、ents do not have to go to the hospital to regis-ter to enjoy high-quality healthcare services,and medical professionals conduct remote consultations with patients through medical terminal equipment.The medical terminal equipment supports high-defi-nition medical image transmission,vital signs moni-t

167、oring and medical data analysis to help doctors make remote diagnosis and treatment decisions.When a patient undergoes surgical treatment,the doctor wears an XR helmet to access the virtual operating room,where he or she can see the inter-nal structure of the patient in the XR interface,as well as c

168、ommunicate with the surgical team in real time.Through gestures and voice commands,the doctor can manipulate the robotic arm to perform surgical operations such as cutting,suturing and organ transplantation.The robotic arm device will perform surgical operations according to the doc-tors instruction

169、s,and the doctor can monitor the surgical process through the XR interface to make timely adjustments and corrections to the robotic arm operations.At the same time,the biomedical sensors also provide real-time monitoring of vital signs indicators,so that the doctor can better track the patients vit

170、al signs during the operation.37/559 POTENTIAL SCENARIOSFOR 6G TERMINAL6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER4/31 User experienced data rateMHMHMArea traffic capacityMHMHMSpectrum efficiencyMHMHMCapability requirementsBiomedical sensorsMedical robotic armsSmart health monitorMedical XR helmetMedical termina

171、lsPeak data rateMHMHMMobilityMMMMMReliabilityMHMMMLatencyHHHHHConnection densityHHMMMCoverageMHMMMSecurity and resilienceMMMMMApplicable AI-related capabilitiesNNNMHInteroperabilityHHHHHSustainabilityHHHHHPositioningNNNNNSensing-related capabilitiesNNNMH5.7.2 Scenario CharacteristicsTerminal Forms a

172、nd Capability Requirements Large bandwidth,ultra-high reliability,low latency communication.Extremely strong information processing capability,such as data rendering.The terminal device supports cloud connection.Integrated multiple sensors in the terminal device.Ultra-high reliable robotic arm.Medic

173、al AI and machine learningMultimodal protocol interoperability across different terminal devices.Highly sensitive vital signs monitoring.Highly accurate perceptual positioning is required between multiple types of devices.5.7.3 38/559 POTENTIAL SCENARIOSFOR 6G TERMINAL6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER4

174、/31 5.8.1 Scenario Description 5.8 Space-air-groundIntegrated All-area Logistics ScenarioIn the 6G logistics scenario,users will demand an all-area logistics with shorter shipping time,lower cost and more visualization of the transportation status.In the scenario of a space-air-ground inte-grated al

175、l-area logistics network,all kinds of com-munication and data transmission technologies of the sea,land and air will work together,and logis-tics will become smarter,more efficient,and trace-able through the integration of ocean,land,and air transportation.Maritime logistics will benefit from satell

176、ite commu-nications and underwater communications technol-ogy.Unmanned cargo ships can navigate autono-mously across oceans,reporting in real time on location,weather conditions and cargo status through high-speed satellite communications.Submersibles and underwater sensors can perform undersea expl

177、oration or monitor the marine envi-ronment to ensure cargo safety.Unmanned vans can intelligently plan routes,pow-ered by green energy(wind,solar,etc.),and perform cargo delivery tasks in remote areas or even in no-mans land.High-altitude drones are used for the transportation of goods,as well as fo

178、r monitoring road traffic conditions.These high-altitude drones can transmit data in real time to assist in the scheduling and navigation of transport vehicles.High elliptical orbit satellite systems provide global communications coverage,ensuring real-time tracking of cargo.No matter where the carg

179、o is,it can be communicated and monitored through the satellite network.Figure 5-8 Space-air-ground integrated all-area logistics scenario39/559 POTENTIAL SCENARIOSFOR 6G TERMINAL6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER4/31 User experienced data rateMHMMMArea traffic capacityMHMMMSpectrum efficiencyMHMMMCapab

180、ility requirementsUnderwater sensorsHigh elliptical orbitsatellitesDronesUnmanned cargo shipUnmanned transportvehiclePeak data rateMHMMMMobilityMMMMMReliabilityMMMMMLatencyMHHHHConnection densityMHMMMCoverageMMHHHSecurity and resilienceMMMMMApplicable AI-related capabilitiesNMMMMInteroperabilityMHHH

181、HSustainabilityHHHHHPositioningMMHHHSensing-related capabilitiesNMMMM5.8.2 Scenario CharacteristicsTerminal Forms and Capability Requirements High-speed,low-latency communications.Large bandwidth support.Global communication coverage.Cloud connectivity support.Communication reliability and stability

182、.Multimodal protocol interoperability of device.High-precision positioning of device.Green energy.5.8.3 40/559 POTENTIAL SCENARIOSFOR 6G TERMINAL6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER4/31 5.9.1 Scenario Description 5.9Digital Twin City ScenarioFigure 5-9 Digital twin city scenarioIn the 6G future city scena

183、rio,users demand highly digitalized,intelligent,and convenient urban lifestyles,and key technologies such as massive connectivity,communication awareness,and extended reality provide the possibility for the emergence of digital twin city.T he digital twin city needs to simulate and replicate all asp

184、ects of the real city in the digital world,and the entities in the physical world will be digitally mirrored in the digital world,so that the intelligent interaction can be achieved between people and people,people and things,and things and things through their mapping in the digital world.The user

185、enters the digital twin city by using their smartphone,selecting the digital twin city app,wearing the XR helmet and watch,and connecting to the 6G network.The digital twin city system analyzes users inter-ests and preferences to recommend personalized activities and places to them.Users can view vi

186、rtual tags to learn more about each location and select destinations that interest them.Users can interact with objects in the twin city and participate in VR activities such as parties,concerts,city tours,etc.Users can also use digital payments to purchase goods in the digital twin city,where order

187、 informa-tion is synchronized in real time to the physical world factory and the goods will be delivered by drones to their homes.41/559 POTENTIAL SCENARIOSFOR 6G TERMINAL6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER4/31 User experienced data rateMMHHMArea traffic capacityMMHHMSpectrum efficiencyMMHHMCapability re

188、quirementsPhoneSensorsXR helmetNetwork access pointWatchPeak data rateMMHHMMobilityHMMMMReliabilityH MMMMLatencyMHHHHConnection densityMMMHMCoverageMMMHM Security and resilienceMMMMMApplicable AI-related capabilitiesHNMNMInteroperabilityHMHHMSustainabilityHHHHHPositioningHNNNMSensing-related capabil

189、itiesHNMNMMMMDronesMMMHMHHMHHHM5.9.2 Scenario CharacteristicsTerminal Forms and Capability Requirements High-speed,low-latency communications.Large bandwidth support.Ultra-massive connectivity.High regional traffic density.Precise sensing.Data privacy security.Communication reliability and stability

190、.High-precision positioning of terminal devices.AI recognizes users movements,gestures,voices,expressions,etc.5.9.3 42/559 POTENTIAL SCENARIOSFOR 6G TERMINAL6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER 1.Scope3/31 6G Terminal Vision White PaperTABLE OF CONTENTS 6.5 key Research Directions for 6G Terminals43/556G

191、TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER5 KEY RESEARCH DIRECTIONSFOR 6G TERMINALS3/31 5 key Research Directions for 6G TerminalsTerminals in 6G not only support the 6 visions in ITU-R,but also support the 9 potential typical scenarios mentioned in the article,and at the same time deal with the changes and opport

192、unities brought by new industries and technologies.New scenarios,changes,technologies,and user demands,all these factors bring numerous challenges to 6G terminals and point out the direction of research for 6G terminals.6.06.1 All-round Communication Research Direction for Terminals Terminals partic

193、ipate in and support multiple links of information flow,especially in information trans-mission,terminals need to complete sending and receiving of massive information timely.Terminals in 6G era need to support the enhanced capabilities of 6G communication:higher rate,larger band-width,lower latency

194、,higher speed mobility,higher reliability,massive connectivity,and space-air-ground communication capabilities.Terminal side requires research to support:termi-nal-side ultra large MIMO transmission technology,terminal-side full-duplex communication technolo-gy,human-machine-object fully-connected t

195、echnol-ogy,integrated wireless and AI technology,inte-grated communication,sensing and computing technology,space-air-ground integration and collaboration technology,semantic communication technology,ultra-low latency communication technology,ultra-low-power communication tech-nology,weak signal enh

196、ancement communication technology,indoor location-aware communication technology,real-time and online low-power sensing and communication technology,multiple communi-cation technologies and standards integration and collaboration technology:cellular communication and near-field communication integra

197、tion,satellite communication and cellular communication integra-tion,cross-layer and cross-protocol stack optimiza-tion technology,end-to-end collaboration and optimization solution from terminal to network,end-to-end slicing technology,new coding technol-ogy,new multiple access technology,RIS(Recon

198、-figurable Intelligence Surface)communication technology,OAM(Orbital Angular Momentum)technology,Terahertz(THz)communication tech-nology,visible light communication technology,and other cutting-edge technologies to be applied on the terminals.Whether the 6G terminal supports the above com-munication

199、 capabilities at the same time or flexibly supports one of the communication capabilities according to different scenarios,the complex and diverse communication scenarios and user demands have posed a great challenge to the communication capabilities of the terminal,while the terminal should ensure

200、its own portability and usability.However,the terminals own capabilities and resources are limited and cannot unlimitedly support a variety of capabilities,so how the termi-nal can realize all-around communication capabili-ties needs to be explored jointly by the industry and academia.44/555 KEY RES

201、EARCH DIRECTIONS FOR 6G TERMINALS6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER6.2 Native AI Research Direction for Terminals3/31 45/55 Terminals participate in and support multiple links of information flow,especially in the information processing,terminals need to complete the processing of various information ti

202、mely.With the rapid development of AI technology represented by AIGC,most of the large models and multimodal models are currently running on the server side.Because the terminal is closer to user and the source of data,running AI models on the terminal side can process the information in a more time

203、ly manner to improve the efficiency of the information flow,and at the same time ensure that the data does not exit the terminal,which greatly protects the users security and privacy.Therefore,models running on the server side will be migrated to the terminal locally.Terminal side needs research to

204、support:the design of a new architecture for termi-nal native AI,the design of terminal native AI capa-bilities,terminal energy efficient processing capabil-ities,the design of terminal native computing power enhancement,native supporting large model:LLM(large language model),the training and predic

205、tion technology of large models on the terminal side,the protection of data collection and use on terminal side,the scheduling and sharing of multiple computing units on terminal side,the adaptive models and algorithmic solutions for matching terminal capabilities,the accuracy enhancement technology

206、 of terminal side models,and the low power consumption technology for long-time running for terminal side models,person-alized model development and updating technolo-gy on terminal side,terminal-network intelligent cooperation mechanism,terminal-terminal coopera-tion mechanism,etc.Whether the AI mo

207、dels used by 6G terminals are running on the server side,on the terminal side,or jointly training and by the terminal and server,these scenarios propose new requirements to the three dimensions:terminals own computing power,algorithms,and data.Additionally,termi-nals are energy and capability limite

208、d,and while ensuring portability,ease of use,and long battery life,the native AI capabilities that need to be developed still require joint research and explo-ration by the industry.5 KEY RESEARCH DIRECTIONS FOR 6G TERMINALS6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER6.3Research Direction of Real-virtual Fusion a

209、nd Multi-sensory Information Presentation for Terminals3/31 Terminal participates and supports multiple links of information flow,especially in the information input link,terminal is an important tool for information input and perception.In the future,the physical world and the digital world will be

210、 seamlessly fused,and 6G terminals need to input and perceive the information not only in the physical world,but also in the virtual world.To exceed the existing informa-tion input methods,the 6G terminal needs research to support:exceeding the text and voice input methods,the visual information inp

211、ut technology:the perception and input of the users expression,gesture,movement,emotion,and sentiment infor-mation,the perception and input technology of multi-dimensional sensory information:touch,smell,and taste,semantic perception and input technolo-gy of multi-dimensional sensory information,the

212、 perception and input technology of emotion and sentiment information in multi-dimensional sensory information intention recognition technology,communication and perception integration technol-ogy,high-precision perception technology:precise position,speed,posture and movement,to inte-grate solution

213、s of a variety of sensors.The terminal not only perceives the user,the events that the user concerned,and the changes in the surrounding environment,but also needs to perceive the terminals own information:the chang-es in the terminals own capacity,resource changes,energy changes,etc.The terminal al

214、so needs to cooperate with other terminals in perception due to the limited capacity.The information flow also occurs in the virtual digital world all the time,so the terminal also needs to perceive the information generation,input,transmission,storage,etc.in the virtual digital world.6G terminals n

215、eed to perceive both the local information of a specific scene and information of global scene.In order to face the seamless fusion of the physical world and the digital world,how the 6G terminal can perceive the information of the global scene in the physical world and the virtual digital world nee

216、ds to be deeply explored.Terminals participate in and support multiple links of information flow,especially in the key link of information presentation,terminals are the key carriers.With the rapid development of artificial intelligence and industrial digitization,multi-dimen-sional and massive data

217、 will be presented in an outbreak,so 6G terminals need to significantly increase the amount of information to be present-ed,and need to further enhance the ability to present visual and auditory information to reach and exceed the resolution that can be perceived by a natural person.The terminal sid

218、e needs research to support:larger,higher-definition display technol-ogy,naked-eye 3D display technology,holographic display technology,single and multi-eye tracking technology,adaptive display technology that matches users,personalized 3D display technology for different users,just-in-time generati

219、on and rendering technology for 3D content,3D audio(spa-tial audio)presentation technology,multi-micro-phone array collaboration technology,3D audio processing technology,3D audio generation and rendering technology,multi-sensory information presentation technology:touch,smell,and taste information,

220、multi-sensory high-definition and high-resolution information presentation technolo-gy.6G terminal information presentation will evolve from 2D to 3D information(spatial video)presenta-tion,while supporting the presentation of multi-di-mensional sensory information:touch,smell,and taste information,

221、etc.The presentation of multi-di-mensional sensory information also requires seam-less collaboration to present ultra-high-definition,multi-dimensional sensory information through one or more 6G terminals to reach or even exceed the resolution that a natural human can perceive,bringing an immersive

222、user experience.46/555 KEY RESEARCH DIRECTIONS FOR 6G TERMINALS6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER6.4 Research Direction of Fundamental Materials and Craft for Terminals3/31 The typical scenarios faced by 6G terminals require a series of key technologies and design solutions.As the terminal is highly int

223、egrated with a variety of key components,the optimization of each key component will bring significant experience enhancement to users,and the basic materials,basic craft and technology maturity are all key elements affecting the terminal performance and user experience.Terminal side needs research

224、to support:basic materials to improve the screen resolution,brightness,energy efficiency,flexibility and durability,the development of basic material display technology for naked-eye 3D screens,thinner,more stable and reliable materials and craft for foldable screen hinge,the development of thinner

225、and more stable basic materials and craft for terminal middle frame,the basic materials and craft to improve the antenna gain,the miniaturiza-tion technology aimed at large-scale antenna array,transmission materials with low-loss signals within the terminal,the study of new battery materials:graphen

226、e,silicon-carbon anode battery technology,the study of new charging technology and materi-als:passive charging,environmental charging,more efficient terminal heat dissipation materials and manufacturing craft,more efficient conductive materials and craft.The breakthrough for terminals basic material

227、s and craft not only requires OEMs to persist in long-term investment in basic research,but also needs to unite with the academic community and cross-in-dustry partners to research to achieve the theoreti-cal and technological breakthroughs.47/555 KEY RESEARCH DIRECTIONS FOR 6G TERMINALS6G TERMINAL

228、VISION WHITE PAPER6.5Research Direction of Expansion and Collaboration for Terminals3/31 Based on the previously mentioned 6G scenarios and research directions,faced with diverse terminal forms and complex scenarios of human-ma-chine-object interactions,6G terminals require more new capabilities.Due

229、 to the limitations of terminals in terms of size,energy consumption,portability,etc.,the terminals cant continuously acquire new capabilities.The terminal needs to have flexible capabilities that can expand and be configured as needed,and the terminal can use the devices own capabilities on demand,

230、upgrade its own capabili-ties,and cooperate with the nearby devices on demand to expand the capabilities to support the processing of high-load tasks.The design of the terminal will exceed the fixed and closed architec-ture of the traditional terminal and develop into a flexible,expandable,and colla

231、borative terminal architecture.The terminal side needs research to support:open and expandable collaborative archi-tecture that can be flexibly upgraded,the design of new hardware and software architecture that is different from traditional terminals,the design of hardware and software decoupling sc

232、heme for terminal side resources,the design of virtualization solution for computing,communication,perception and other resources,breakthroughs in the theories related to the integration technology of terminal communication,perception,and computing resources,the design of on-demand combination,confi

233、guration,and isolation of terminal resources and functions,the design of expandable hardware interface,device modular design,the design of terminal software upgrade,compatible and stan-dardized hardware interface,software interface,standard protocol design,multi-terminal heteroge-neous fusion and co

234、llaboration technology,efficient collaboration technology between terminal side and network,cloud,edge and other end sides,resource(storage,computing,communication,etc.)sharing resolution design,and efficient collaboration tech-nology between multiple functional modules within the terminal.In the 6G

235、 era and the post-Moore era，Innovative expandable and collaborative terminal architecture will support terminals to improve their capabilities under conditions of limited hardware,volume,weight,power consumption,and cost.This will create 6G super terminals that can handle complex and diverse 6G scen

236、arios.48/555 KEY RESEARCH DIRECTIONS FOR 6G TERMINALS6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER 1.Scope3/31 6G Terminal Vision White PaperTABLE OF CONTENTS 7.Summary and OutlookSUMMARY AND OUTLOOK49/556G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPERTerminal represents the real needs of users and carries the latest innovative tec

237、hnologies.The dual-wheel drive of user needs and technological innovation is widely recognized by the industry as the driving method of terminal development,and the terminals under different eras from 2G to 5G are committed to meeting the key needs of users and carrying new innovative technologies t

238、o bring a revolutionary and ultimate user experience.Espe-cially in the 4G era,the release of the typical 4G terminal iPhone is praised as the iPhone moment,and the 4G terminal brings revolutionary technol-ogy innovation and greatly enhances user experi-ence with the killer application.The populariz

239、ation and development of 4G terminals also promoted the evolution of the network.In 6G era,terminals and the network will still promote each other and develop together,and the evolution of 6G network will promote the development and upgrade of terminals.Terminals and their killer application will pu

240、t forward new demands for 6G network and promote the development of 6G network.As the standards defined in 3GPP and GSMA,there is a need for standardized collaboration between terminal and network.The 6 scenarios described by ITU-R and various new technologies(AI integrated communication,industrial

241、digitization,communica-tion and sensing integration,space-air-ground full coverage,etc.)will become the powerful driving force of 6G terminal,giving rise to terminals with unique characteristics of the 6G era,and the iPhone moment for 6G terminal in 6G era also becomes the pursuing goal for terminal

242、 manufactures.3/31 Summary and Outlook7.07.1 6G Era Calls for Innovative 6G Terminal 50/55SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPERTerminal all-around communication capability:higher rate,larger bandwidth,lower latency,higher-speed mobility,higher reliability,massive connectivity,space-air-g

243、round integrated communication,communication and AI integra-tion,communication and perception integration,etc.,to support the complex and diverse con-nectivity and transmission capabilities of 6G communication.Terminal native AI capability:terminal-side large model running,terminal-side strong compu

244、ting power,terminal-side energy-efficient data processing,terminal-side data protection,terminal-side model training and updating,termi-nal-side collaboration of multiple computing units,terminal-side personalized model training and updating,collaboration of terminal side and server side,the capabil

245、ity to support the terminal side itself to collaborate with other devices to conduct computing power,algorithms,data,and other elements.Terminal real-virtual fusion perception and multi-dimensional sensory information presenta-tion capability:3D vision(spatial video),3D hear-ing(spatial audio),touch

246、,smell,and taste informa-tion and other multi-sensory high-resolution information perception and presentation capabili-ties,as well as the capability of simultaneously conducting all-round perception of the physical world and the virtual digital world.Terminal expansion collaboration capability:Flex

247、ible configuration of terminal resources,support for on-demand expansion and upgrading of terminals,and expandable terminal architecture capabilities that support collaboration with network side,cloud side,edge side,and various forms of terminals.Looking to the future,after 6G terminals are equipped

248、 with the above 4 typical capabilities,the terminals will connect the physical world and the digital world,creating an intelligent world for each user.3/31 Based on the accelerated development of 6G,AI and industrial digitization,the volume of informa-tion will further explode,and terminals are face

249、d with processing massive amounts of information,so the efficiency of information flow has to be improved.Terminals will continue to support 6G scenarios and carry new technologies in the 6G era,and 6G terminals will continue to participate in multiple links of information flow and play a more impor

250、tant role in each link,promoting further improvement of information flow efficiency.According to the 9 potential typical scenarios and 5 key research directions of 6G terminals,6G terminals will have its own typical characteristics different from 5G terminals,and 6G terminals will have 4 typical cap

251、abilities as following:7.2 Preliminary Exploration of the 4 Typical Capabilities of 6G Terminal51/55SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER 1.Scope3/31 6G Terminal Vision White PaperTABLE OF CONTENTS 8.References52/556G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPERREFERENCES3/31 References8.053/55REFERENCES

252、6G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER Framework and overall objectives of the future development of IMT for 2030 and beyondFuture technology trends of terrestrial International Mobile Telecommunications systems towards 2030 and beyond6G典型場景和關鍵能力6G網絡架構愿景與關鍵技術展望6G總體愿景與潛在關鍵技術6G沉浸式多媒體業務需求及關鍵技術6G分布式網絡技術的應用場景及需求

253、6G區塊鏈技術場景和需求研究6G無線網絡架構和功能技術OAM傳輸技術超大規模MIMO技術（第二版）6G網絡安全愿景面向6G的信道測量與建模研究面向6G網絡的智能內生體系架構研究太赫茲通信技術（第二版）通信感知一體化（第二版）無線AI技術（第二版）先進調制編碼技術新型雙工專題組技術報告智能超表面任務組研究報告（第二版）智能全息無線電技術研究報告6G前沿關鍵技術研究報告超大規模天線技術研究報告6G網絡AI概念術語白皮書6G網絡原生AI技術需求白皮書6G網絡內生AI網絡架構十問6G數據服務概念與需求白皮書B5G6G網絡智能數據采析6G知識定義的編排與管控白皮書6GANA-Network-AI-Whi

254、te-Paper6GNetGPT倡議書Proposal of 6GNetGPTHexa-X architecture for B5G 6G networks final releaseEnabling radio technologies and roadmap towards 6GFinal 6G architectural enablers and technological solutionsWhat societal values will 6G address?Green G:The Path Toward Sustainable 6G6G:The Next Frontier of

255、Innovation and Investment6G Spectrum ConsiderationsBeyond Speed:Promoting Social and Economic Opportunities through 6G and Beyond6G Technologies for Wide Area Cloud EvolutionNetwork-Enabled Robotic and Autonomous Systems6G Roadmap for Vertical IndustriesAI-Native Wireless Networks6G Sustainability K

256、PI Assessment Introduction and Gap AnalysisSustainable 6G Connectivity A Powerful Means of Doing GoodMulti-Sensory Extended Reality(XR)in 6GTerminology for Frequency RangesDigital World ExperiencesCost-Efficient SolutionsTrust,Security,and Resilience for 6G Systems6G Distributed Cloud and Communicat

257、ions Systems6G Technologies6G Applications and Use CasesRoadmap to 6G6G Use Cases and Analysis6G DRIVERS AND VISION6G REQUIREMENTS AND DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS中國移動6G網絡架構技術白皮書6G物聯網未來應用場景及能力白皮書6G全息通信業務發展趨勢白皮書6G至簡無線接入網白皮書6G服務化RAN白皮書基于數字孿生網絡的6G無線網絡自治白皮書6G無線內生AI架構與技術白皮書6G物理層AI關鍵技術白皮書3/31 54/55REFERENCES6G T

258、ERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPER6G信息超材料技術白皮書6G可見光通信技術白皮書6G需求與設計考慮中國聯通6G業務白皮書中國聯通6G白皮書中國聯通6G網絡機制架構白皮書中國聯通6G通感智算一體化無線網絡白皮書6G可重構智能表面白皮書6G全雙工技術白皮書6G無線智能網絡白皮書6G通信感知一體化技術白皮書反向散射通信技術白皮書6G智能頻譜共享白皮書6G愿景與技術白皮書6G網絡架構展望白皮書6G Common RequirementsBeyond 5G/6G智能世界2030報告通信網絡2030產業報告計算2030產業報告數字能源2030產業報告智能汽車解決方案2030產業報告6G

259、：無線通信新征程白皮書5G Advanced:Evolution towards 6G6G spectrum-enabling the future mobile life beyond 20306G Connecting a cyber-physical world無線網絡數字孿生即服務技術白皮書Vision market drivers and research directions on the path to 6GThe future of AI is hybrid Part 1 Unlocking the generative AI future with on device and

260、 hybrid AIThe future of AI is hybrid Part 2 Qualcomm is uniquely posi tioned to scale hybrid AIWhy and what you need to know about 6G in 2022A novel approach to radio protocols design for 6GSimplifying spectrum migration from 5G to 6G6G orchestration a scalable application driven network optimizing

261、approachTechnology innovations for 6G system architectureExtreme communications in 6G:Vision and challenges forin-X subnetworksExtreme massive MIMO for macro cell capacity boost in 5G-Ad vanced and 6GSecurity and trust in the 6G eraJoint Design of Communication and Sensing for Beyond 5G and 6G Syste

262、msToward a 6G AI-Native Air InterfaceThe Next Hyper-Connected Experience for All6G Spectrum:Expanding the FrontierICDT融合的6G網絡3.0可持續發展的低碳智簡6G：愿景與技術趨勢下一代協議棧5.0通感一體化系統架構與關鍵技術面向典型行業的云網邊端智能協同與剪裁面向6G時代前沿技術初探：量子信息技術20233/31 ANNEX A CONTRIBUTORSAnnex A ContributorsCompanyNameHonor Device Co.,Ltd.GSMALiu Hon

263、gPang Gaokun,Zhong Haijing,Li ChengfangChina Mobile Co.,Ltd.China Unicom Co.,Ltd.Ye XiaoYu,Cheng Xinzhou,Wang Xin,Xu LexiZhang Nuoya,Zhao Jing,ZhangDiTelstraSteve VodickaYang Benzhi,Yang Xiaowei,Dong WeiyeDu UAEFathi AbdeldayemThomas Picard55/556G TERMINAL VISION WHITE PAPERinmarsatChina Telecom Co.,Ltd.