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1、ENHANCING HEAVY EQUIPMENT CONNECTIVITY:SATELLITE SOLUTIONSINTRODUCTION:HEAVY INDUSTRY 4.0Heavy industrial sectors such as mining,forestry,construction,transportation,and manufacturing are ripe for transformation.With challenges mounting from heightened worksite safety requirements,reducing downtime,

2、and overcoming a diminishing workforce,the need to undergo digital transformation through connecting people,data,and equipment is paramount.In these ways,the role of reliable connectivity for these sites and enabling Industry 4.0 solutions such as predictive maintenance,telematics,remote control,and

3、 autonomous operations is growing.With many connectivity options ranging from 5G cellular,Internet of Things(IoT),and Satellite Communications(SatCom),navigating connectivity solutions for heavy Industry 4.0 operations can be challenging.Critically,heavy industries often operate in isolated or even

4、remote locations,far removed from fiber-optic or even cellular-connected infrastructure.Therefore,the cost of connecting to these remote locations using fixed or cellular-connected telco equipment can be very expensive,which can result in poor or even negative Return on Investment(ROI).In the past,o

5、ptions may have been limited to non-mobile or fixed satellite solutions,or resorting to backhaul-intensive cellular CONTENTSINTRODUCTION:HEAVY INDUSTRY 4.0.1THE NEED FOR HIGH-THROUGHPUT FLEET CONNECTIVITY EVERYWHERE.2KEY ISSUES.2THE NEED FOR RELIABLE HIGH-THROUGHPUT CONNECTIVITY.3Impact on Operation

6、 Implications.4Summary and Conclusions.5THE ROLE OF MULTI-ORBIT HIGH-THROUGHPUT SATELLITE-ENABLED IoMT.6CURRENT COMMUNICATION SOLUTIONS.6ROLE OF SATCOMS.6ENHANCING HEAVY EQUIPMENT CONNECTIVITY:SATELLITE SOLUTIONSSenior Analyst:Andrew CavalierContent Manager:Jake SaundersENHANCING HEAVY EQUIPMENT CON

7、NECTIVITY:SATELLITE SOLUTIONSsolutions.However,in the past 2 years,the economics and capabilities of satellite connectivity have drastically changed.Costs for both Megabits per Second(Mbps)and ground equipment have decreased dramatically,making them more affordable than ever before.In this respect,h

8、igh-throughput multi-orbit satellite connectivity sits at the apex of heavy Industry 4.0 connectivity solutions,with the ability to support higher throughputs than traditional narrowband solutions.This has enabled high data rate applications such as real-time enhanced telematics,vehicle monitoring,r

9、emote control,and semi-autonomous operations.Moreover,the extensive coverage of Geosynchronous Orbit(GSO)and Non-Geostationary Orbit(NGSO)satellite networks,combined with durable,affordable ground terminals,makes modern multi-orbit satellite networks the perfect solution for cost-effective implement

10、ation in heavy industry.In this report,ABI Research evaluates the performance and operational parameters of High-Throughput Satellite(HTS)multi-orbit connectivity for Industry 4.0 applications.As a result,this report reveals the significant upside potential for reducing Total Cost of Ownership(TCO),

11、improving efficiency,and meeting sustainability goals for the heavy industry operator,vendor,System Integrator(SI),and Original Equipment Manufacturer(OEM).THE NEED FOR HIGH-THROUGHPUT FLEET CONNECTIVITY EVERYWHEREKEY ISSUESHeavy industries such as mining,forestry,construction,transportation,and man

12、ufacturing face numerous operational challenges tied to labor shortages,employee safety,increased technological and operational complexity,and sustainable operations.ABI Research has seen companies like Glencore,BHP,Weyerhaeuser,International Paper,China State Construction Engineering Corporation,Be

13、chtel Corporation,and others frequently use connectivity solutions to manage and coordinate operations at their worksites.As these worksites present numerous occupational hazards and can operate in remote locations,acquiring and retaining labor for these industries is becoming a greater challenge.Al

14、ongside this,the demand to improve productivity,efficiency,and safety at these worksites has only increased.As a result,technology and connectivity play an increasingly vital role in these industries,as always-on connectivity,data analytics,and remote and autonomous operations sit at the foundation

15、of Industry 4.0 operations.In this way,cybersecurity,automation,and digitization remain key technology pressures on firms across the heavy equipment industry to overcome challenges with labor,safety,productivity,and operational complexity.VALUE OF MULTI-ORBIT HTS-ENABLED FLEET CONNECTIVITY.8MACHINER

16、Y-AS-A-SERVICE .8Improved Total Cost of Ownership.8Attaining Sustainability Goals.9Summary .11INTELSATS MULTI-ORBIT HTS FLEET CONNECTIVITY SOLUTION.12MULTI-ORBIT HIGH-THROUGHPUT CONNECTIVITY.12Low-Cost,Ruggedized,and Multi-Orbit Terminals.12APPENDIX.14TCO CALCULATIONS.14EMISSIONS CALCULATIONS.14GLOS

17、SARY.15Demand for greater productivity,efficiency,and worksite safety has driven heavy industry transformation by con-necting,protecting,and automating assets.ENHANCING HEAVY EQUIPMENT CONNECTIVITY:SATELLITE SOLUTIONSFigure 1:Key Issues Facing Heavy Industry(Source:ABI Research)Heavy industry is und

18、ergoing digital transformation by digitizing,connecting,and automating assets.Heavy equipment vendors such as Case New Holland(CNH),Caterpillar,and Komatsu are increasingly incorporating fleet connectivity solutions into their heavy equipment to support telematics,vehicle monitoring,autonomy,and eve

19、n remote control.Furthermore,escalating customer goals to improve safety,quality,productivity,and efficiency have driven an increase in demand for Industry 4.0 solutions for heavy machinery throughout the worksite.As a result,the integration of the Internet of Things(IoT)and the Internet of Moving T

20、hings(IoMT)for fleet management,and telematics has become crucial in transforming heavy industry operations.The proliferation of connected devices in heavy industry operations will inevitably drive a significant increase in data consumption and reliable connectivity requirements,presenting challenge

21、s for operations in remote or rural areas with limited connectivity.THE NEED FOR RELIABLE HIGH-THROUGHPUT CONNECTIVITYHeavy industry operations encounter numerous challenges.This includes a stagnating workforce,complex and hazardous work environments,and the need for reliable connectivity and automa

22、tion within their fleets.The potential negative consequences of not addressing these challenges are significant,from increased Operational Expenditure(OPEX)and Capital Expenditure(CAPEX)and even to workforce injuries.The significance of having reliable high-throughput connectivity in heavy industry

23、cannot be overstated.1Hazardous Worksites:Occupational hazards are prevalent in heavy industry sectors spanning physical,chemical,biological,and other hazards.The UN reports that occupational accidents account for 2.78 million deaths per year,with the manufacturing,construction,transportation,and mi

24、ning industries having the highest level of work-related accidents.Mission-Critical Connectivity:Investing in digital technologies and Industry 4.0 concepts is beginning to resonate with heavy industries.Connectivity and analytics platforms,such as condition-based monitoring of equipment and worksit

25、e conditions can help secure and optimize operations.ABI Research forecasts that mining and energy digitalization spending will exceed US$17 billion annually by 2030.Operational Complexity:Heavy industries feature a mix of machines,materials,contractors,logistics,and several activities running in pa

26、rallel.Connecting,communicating,and managing data for all these assets is driving demand for communication devices,IoT sensors,telematics,and automation processes.Environmental:According to the World Economic Forum,heavy industry is responsible for nearly one-third of carbon emissions.These industri

27、es play a key role in helping reduce carbon emissions and reducing negative environmental impacts.Labor Shortage:A talent squeeze across industries and mass migration of worker preference to new industries is impacting recruitment and retention.Mining executives report increasing labor difficulties,

28、the U.S.Labor Department reports increasing construction labor shortages,and the IRU reports an increased shortage for the transport and logistics sector.The need to automate and digitally transform has become essential.The US Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that construction,transportation,mater

29、ial collection,mining,and agriculture rank the highest in fatal work injury rates in 2022.ENHANCING HEAVY EQUIPMENT CONNECTIVITY:SATELLITE SOLUTIONSImpact on Operation ImplicationsROI from deploying enterprise connectivity for IoT/IoMT use cases has been explored in depth by ABI Research.In ABI Rese

30、archs report,Review of the 5G ecosystem,adoption and industrial use cases in Asia,a range of quantitative ROIs were observed for a variety of enterprises leveraging 5G connectivity in heavy industries such as mining,agriculture,and energy.By deploying connectivity solutions in their workplace enviro

31、nments,operators in these industries were able to unlock key Industry 4.0 use cases such as autonomous and remote vehicles,real-time surveillance,automated drilling or blasting(at the mine site),machine vision inspection,real-time tracking,and more.Deployment of these use cases had a significant imp

32、act on operational performance from improvements in worker,production,and operational efficiency by up to 60%,reductions in labor costs by up to 90%,and even improvements in productivity by up to 100%.The above-mentioned study looked at 5G deployments in urban and suburban environments,however,busin

33、esses and enterprises in oil&gas,mining,construction,forestry,and agriculture often operate in areas with poor or even non-existent 5G or even 4G coverage.Satellite connectivity is vital for addressing these gaps in terrestrial-based coverage.Crucially,assuring a reliable and robust connection was t

34、he key enabling technology for digital transformation.Worksite managers need to evaluate what are the viable connectivity solutions available,and what are their TCO profiles,as well the ROI from enabling the digital transformation solutions.Figure 2 highlights some of the benefits and ROIs from a ra

35、nge of Industrial IoT(IIoT)applications that involved heavy machinery tools and vehicles.Figure 2:Benefits and ROI of IIoT Use Cases(Source:ABI Research)Autonomous/Remote VehiclesReal-Time SurveillanceAutomated/Remote Drilling&BlastingMachine Vision InspectionMIN MAX0%20%40%60%80%100%15%90%Equipment

36、 Failure ReductionLabor Cost ReductionUSE CASE BENEFITSIMPACT RANGE OBSERVED10%75%-90%5%Work Efficiency IncreaseLabor Cost ReductionEnergy Savings15%-50%33%90%Production Efficiency IncreaseProduction Cost ReductionLabor Savings30%-90%100%-860%30%Labor Cost ReductionProductivity IncreaseYield Increas

37、e300%860%Real-Time TrackingMonitoring/SensingMachine Vision(AI)+UAVsOperational Efficiency Increment Reduction in Inspection Time30%Operational Efficiency-Reduction in Time Used50%-60%Overall Yield Increment33%ENHANCING HEAVY EQUIPMENT CONNECTIVITY:SATELLITE SOLUTIONSThe upside potential for deployi

38、ng connectivity at heavy industry worksites can be substantial.The impact of introducing connectivity to link people,machines,and data can transform operations and introduce direct and indirect benefits to the organization.This also means that organizations that fail to introduce cost-effective and

39、reliable connectivity into their work environments risk losing out to competition due to inaction.In this regard,opportunities exist to reduce OPEX such as labor required to operate heavy equipment or use lower-cost,Internet-connected machinery,thereby reducing CAPEX.Lastly,reducing downtime can als

40、o improve operational performance as worksites are more quickly reconfigured,health and safety is improved,and staff are not unnecessarily stood down during downtime.This performance and TCO savings can enhance the companys competitive positioning.Figure 3:Industry 4.0 Use Cases That Improve Operati

41、onal Performance&Reduce TCO(Source:ABI Research)Summary and ConclusionsHeavy industry faces a range of adverse and hazardous operational challenges.Operations in mining,forestry,construction,agriculture,and heavy transportation rely on heavy mobile industrial equipment that operates in remote enviro

42、nments.This presents challenges to worksite safety,connectivity,and complexity.As a result,the pressure to connect,protect,and automate operations is higher than ever.Failing to act can be costly.Establishing reliable and robust digital connections to stationery assets and assets on the move in area

43、s where cellular coverage cannot be counted on is essential to unlocking competitive advantage.3Use CasesPotential Cost Savings OutputCondition/Vision-Based MonitoringAsset TrackingReal-Time SurveillanceAGVs/AMRsRemote-Controlled VehiclesEnd-User SmartphoneEnd-User Tablet/LaptopConnected Equipment1.

44、CAPEX savings2.OPEX savingsStreamlining Production1.Improved yield2.Personnel productivitygainsReducing Downtime 1.Conservation of energy2.Personnel productivity3.Reconfiguration of downtimeProduction VolumeIncreasedProfitabilityAR&Smart GlassesENHANCING HEAVY EQUIPMENT CONNECTIVITY:SATELLITE SOLUTI

45、ONSTHE ROLE OF MULTI-ORBIT HIGH-THROUGHPUT SATELLITE-ENABLED IoMTCURRENT COMMUNICATION SOLUTIONSFigure 4:Comparing Connectivity Solutions(Source:ABI Research)Terrestrial connectivity solutions are often the first layer to connecting operations.These solutions,which include cellular,Low-Power Wide Ar

46、ea Network(LPWAN)technologies like LoRa or Sigfox,and even point-to-point connections like fiber,can provide a reliable network backbone to help connect the entire worksite.However,the complexity and costs of reliably connecting remote sites with these solutions are often not economically feasible.T

47、hese networks are often static and are not inherently flexible,often requiring the build-out of new infrastructure as the scope of connectivity changes.Because work often takes place in remote locations,connecting on-the-move assets such as autonomous or heavy transport vehicles can be challenging a

48、nd requires a more universally accessible and reliable solution to complement terrestrial cellular connectivity:satellite.ROLE OF SATCOMSWith radio beams that can provide coverage to the worlds edge,SatCom is the quintessential connectivity technology to support terrestrial cellular connectivity in

49、remote areas and for mobile applications.As a result of heavy industry applications requiring situational awareness,satellite connectivity can provide the real-time communications Fiber-optic connections are used for fixed point-to-point connections.Data rates can reach over 100 Gbps but require fix

50、ed infrastructure and connection to a CSP core network.Satellite4G/LTE5GLoRaSigfoxWi-Fi(HaLow)Optical Fiber01020304050607080901000102030405060708090100110120130140150Data Rates(Mbps)Range KmLoRa can achieve data rates of 10 kbps to 50 kbps and a range of 2 km to 20 km.Sigfox can achieve data rates b

51、etween 0.1 kbps and 0.6 kbps,but a range of up to 40 km.4G LTE can cover 3 km to 6.5 km per cell when transmitting low-and mid-band spectrum and reach up to 100 Mbps.5G microcells can provide coverage between 0.5 km to 2.5 km per cell and 20 Gbps peak data rates.TerrestrialFiber OpticsSatelliteTerre

52、strial5G&4G/LTETerrestrialWi-Fi HaLowTerrestrialLPWAN IEEE 802.11ah standard,Wi-Fi HaLow,is designed for IoT connectivity up to 1 km using the sub-GHz frequencies(900 MHz).Data rates range from 150 kbps(at 1 km)to 86.7 Mbps(less than 1 meter).Satellite has superior coverage area and moderate data ra

53、tesSatellite connections are used for point-to-multi-point connections.A single GEO satellite can cover 1/3 of the Earths surface area and achieve data rates between 10s of Mbps to Gbps.ENHANCING HEAVY EQUIPMENT CONNECTIVITY:SATELLITE SOLUTIONSand rapid and flexible connectivity they need.Furthermor

54、e,as heavy equipment has the potential to move beyond wireless network coverage at a worksite,satellite links can provide enhanced communications redundancy and reliability to cellular-connected heavy equipment.Figure 5:Satellite-Enabled Mobile Connectivity Applications in Heavy Industry(Source:ABI

55、Research)Geostationary Earth Orbit(GEO)satellites operate at a 35,786-Kilometer(km)altitude,so their large Field of View(FoV)enables continuous coverage of a vast geographic region of Earth.This makes GEO satellites ideal for mobile connectivity applications that operate in remote or isolated enviro

56、nments across various terrains like those in heavy industries.This always-on connectivity paired with connected heavy equipment unlocks Industry 4.0 solutions like telematics,predictive maintenance,condition-based monitoring,enhanced telemetry,and autonomous and remote operations virtually anywhere

57、there is visible sky.However,with the criticality of connectivity and the demand for data increasing for heavy industry operations,global coverage is not enough.In this respect,mobile fleet operations in heavy industry require performance,reliability,security,flexibility,and portability that only sp

58、ecial ruggedized solutions can deliver.Not only this,but heavy machinery vendors are also looking for ways to move to a Machinery-as-a-Service (MaaS)model.MiningTransportationAgriculture/ForestryConstructionUnmanned Ground Vehicle(UGV)Remote-controlled tractors and mulchersUGVs at mining siteand tun

59、nel faceRemote control excavators and cranesRemote trucks forhaulageData collectionTruck data collectionAutomated tolland ticketingRoute optimizationTruck trackingUGV)Remote-controlledcranes,tractors,and excavatorsCondition monitoringEquipment data collectionENHANCING HEAVY EQUIPMENT CONNECTIVITY:SA

60、TELLITE SOLUTIONSVALUE OF MULTI-ORBIT HTS-ENABLED FLEET CONNECTIVITYMACHINERY-AS-A-SERVICE Multi-orbit HTS-enabled connectivity can help heavy machinery vendors find new revenue streams once a machine is sold.For a mining operation that wishes to operate on smart Industry 4.0 principles,HTSs would a

61、ct as a connectivity backbone to connect heavy machinery,such as trucks,crushers,excavators,and drills,to the mines remote operating center and the heavy machinery vendors digital solution stack.Figure 6:Machinery-as-a-Service(MaaS)Solution(Source:ABI Research)Multi-orbit HTS-enabled connectivity ca

62、n also be used in construction,agriculture,or forestry to connect heavy equipment,such as trucks,tractors,bulldozers,or cranes.With GSO HTS links,achieving Mbps or even Gbps throughputs,and NGSO satellites achieving latencies as low as 40 Milliseconds(ms),data-intensive and time-sensitive applicatio

63、ns such as real-time data monitoring and analysis,remote control,and semi-autonomous operations(e.g.,Unmanned Ground Vehicles(UGVs)can be supported.The ROI for the operator leveraging embedded Industry 4.0 solutions for IoT/IoMT use cases could be substantial.Leveraging HTS links on mining vehicles

64、for remote control,for example,could reduce the number of drivers required for operations.Some Industry 4.0 mines in China,like the Xinyuan Coal Mine,have recorded up to 10 vehicles per remote operator with a sufficient wireless connection.This would equate to a labor requirement and cost reduction

65、for these operations by 90%.Enhancements from other Industry 4.0 solutions such as predictive maintenance,enhanced telemetry,and digital twins are also possible through the flexible service plans and data pools offered by satellite service providers.Improved Total Cost of OwnershipAside from giving

66、heavy equipment users and SIs,the flexibility to transform heavy machinery for Industry 4.0 and unlock MaaS models,the low-cost OPEX-driven model of satellite solutions enables this transformation at a highly competitive cost.Heavy Industry NeedsConnectivity NeedsIndustry 4.0 Solutions Predictive ma

67、intenance Enhanced telemetry Autonomy Remote control Digital twins Global service Availability High throughput Security Value for money Ease of use No downtime Increased productivity Enhanced safety Risk reduction Environmental Multi-orbit HTS con-nectivity can unlock reliable and secure connectivit

68、y at a 62%lower TCOENHANCING HEAVY EQUIPMENT CONNECTIVITY:SATELLITE SOLUTIONSChart 1:5-Year Annual TCO of Multi-Orbit HTS Fleet Connectivity(Source:ABI Research)For a mining operation that aspires to embrace Industry 4.0,deploying cellular 5G connectivity is CAPEX and OPEX intensive,as needing to de

69、ploy 5G small cell base stations for an additional 16,000 meters(equivalent to 3 football fields of coverage)can cost around US$30,000.Additionally,the existence of connectivity to the core network via a backhaul link,fiber connections,and access to the 5G terminals to connect the mining fleet are r

70、equirements to help establish a typical 5G campus deployment.There are also OPEX-related costs,including spectrum license,maintenance,and other miscellaneous fees.Assuming the mine connects a fleet of 30 vehicles,only requires three small cells worth of coverage,and leases the vehicular installed 5G

71、 terminals,the 5-year TCO to establish Industry 4.0 connectivity could reach over US$185,000.With multi-orbit satellite connectivity,connecting a mining fleet of 30 vehicles would remove the need for additional cellular base stations,edge servers,switches,and licensing fees.Instead,the mining vehicl

72、es would only need to install the user terminals and select the service plan the most pertinent for connecting these vehicles and unlocking their respective Industrial solutions.Due to the GEO satellites coverage area,the vehicles can remain connected virtually anywhere,far beyond the coverage of a

73、small cell.As a result,the 5-year annual TCO for leveraging multi-orbit HTS satellite solutions for connecting the Industry 4.0 mine and mining fleet would be almost 67%lower than a pure 5G cellular deployment.Attaining Sustainability GoalsReducing Greenhouse Gas(GHG)Scope 1,2,and 3 emissions is bec

74、oming a growing ambition of heavy machinery end users and vendors.Companies can have the greatest impact on emissions with what they have direct control over.This is emissions from their operations(Scope 1)and from their direct energy consumption(Scope 2).Scope 3 emissions,which are the result of ac

75、tivities not owned or controlled by the reporting organization,are more challenging,as heavy machinery vendors need to introduce new equipment designs with a lower GHG generation footprint.Using recycled materials in vehicle construction or moving to solar or electric battery supply can help bring d

76、own the GHG generation footprint.-20 40 60 80 100 120 140Year 1Year 2Year 3Year 4Year 5(US$000s)Private 5G CellularSatellite Connectivity62%averagecost reductionENHANCING HEAVY EQUIPMENT CONNECTIVITY:SATELLITE SOLUTIONSFigure 7:Sources of Scope 1,Scope 2,and Scope 3 GHG Emissions(Source:WRI/WBCSD Co

77、rporate Value Chain(Scope 3)Accounting and Reporting Standard)With multi-orbit HTS fleet connectivity solutions,there is an opportunity for heavy vehicle end users,vendors,and SIs to harness connectivity to minimize emissions.This can be achieved across various operations in heavy industry by reduci

78、ng the idle time of heavy equipment and reducing energy consumption and GHG emissions that would be associated with deploying infrastructure-intensive fixed-line or even cellular equipment.Figure 8:Harnessing Connectivity to Minimize Emissions(Source:ABI Research)0.000.050.100.150.200.254x 5G base s

79、tations30 x FlexMove terminalsTons CO2 Emissions(per Day)CO2 Emissions due to Electricity Generation(United Kingdom)162 tons of CO2 saved per yearfor a 30-truck fleetScope 1Scope 2Mining93.6%reductionuserid:145584,docid:525873,date:2024-09-29,ENHANCING HEAVY EQUIPMENT CONNECTIVITY:SATELLITE SOLUTION

80、SScope 1 Emissions:In an Industry 4.0 mine,a fleet of 30 trucks outfitted with multi-orbitsatellite solutions to unlock remote control,data analysis,real-time positioning,and conditionmonitoring applications could optimize route travel and reduce emissions from vehicle idletime.Ultimately,by leverag

81、ing telematics and reducing the line-of-sight required by the driver,annual Carbon Dioxide(CO2)emissions could be reduced by 162 tons.Scope 2 Emissions:Covering this same road of a 10-km route and fleet with cellularconnectivity would require four small cell base stations and amount to 1,111 Kilowat

82、t Hours(Kwh)of energy usage a day.With multi-orbit HTS fleet connectivity solutions,CO2 emissionsdue to electricity generation could be reduced by 93.6%.Scope 3 Emissions:low-cost multi-orbit satellite connectivity can help consumers of heavyindustry operations identify key areas to lower lifecycle

83、emissions throughout their valuechain.In this case,operators leveraging the satellite solutions would reduce CO2 emissionsduring operations and transform a mining operation,construction site,or agricultureoperation into a lower carbon option for customer portfolios.Summary A multi-orbit HTS-enabled

84、fleet connectivity solution is a cost-effective,carbon-neutral connectivity option for the heavy machinery and equipment industry to expand network connectivity for its vehicles and end users compared to more CAPEX-intensive solutions like private cellular deployments with microwave backhaul for ver

85、y remote locations.In this respect,reducing the need to install additional infrastructure for coverage can have a significant impact on the TCO.Additionally,IoT/IoMT use cases unlocked by leveraging satellite connectivity such as remote control,real-time data analysis,telematics,and more can make a

86、significant difference in reducing downtime and reducing overall risk to human life.This positions multi-orbit HTS solutions as an attractive option for meeting emission reduction targets,operational and Key Performance Indicators(KPIs),and supporting heavy machinery with either/or public network ce

87、llular connectivity and globally secure multi-orbit satellite connectivity.ENHANCING HEAVY EQUIPMENT CONNECTIVITY:SATELLITE SOLUTIONSINTELSATS MULTI-ORBIT HTS FLEET CONNECTIVITY SOLUTIONMULTI-ORBIT HIGH-THROUGHPUT CONNECTIVITYIntelsats fleet connectivity solution for heavy equipment on the move prov

88、ides multi-orbit service that combines the enterprise-grade,multi-layered availability and global coverage of its HTS GEO network with the high speeds and low latency of an LEO satellite network to enable reliable,high-performing data connections for heavy equipment operating in even the remotest lo

89、cations.Figure 9:Intelsat Fleet Connectivity Solution Features and Capabilities(Source:ABI Research)With dynamically allocated capacity,Intelsats multi-orbit fleet connectivity solution can support Mbps-level data rates,far beyond the capabilities of common IoT solutions commercially available today

90、.The higher data rates and lower latency of multi-orbit connectivity combined with a multi-orbit terminal enable heavy equipment operators to continuously run high data rate applications,such as live video streaming or remote-controlled signals,without concern about degradation due to node distance

91、or bandwidth throttling.Additionally,because these terminals connect directly with Intelsats high-throughput GEO satellites,network coverage,reliability,and performance significantly outmatch other IoT and Mobile Satellite Services(MSS)solutions in the market.At the back end,these satellites connect

92、 with terrestrial teleports and to Intelsats terrestrial enterprise-grade global Internet Protocol(IP)Multi-Protocol Label Switching(MPLS)backbone,IntelsatOne,which enables seamless integration into customer networks or cloud services.Low-Cost,Ruggedized,and Multi-Orbit TerminalsIntelsats FlexMove m

93、ulti-orbit Ku-band satellite terminal for high-throughput fleet connectivity is the optimal low-cost solution for ensuring industrial heavy equipment and crews stay connected when moving in locations where cellular coverage is spotty or non-existent.The terminal includes electronically steerable pha

94、sed array antennas and built-in modems for GEO and Multi-Orbit HTS Fleet ConnectivityNetwork or Cloud ServicesExisting Connectivity Unified system Global high-throughput coverage 99.999%satellite network uptime Global IP/MPLS fiber backbone Flexible,cost-effective service plans Scalable solution for

95、 expansion Seamless integration into networks and the cloudNGSO Connectivity+ENHANCING HEAVY EQUIPMENT CONNECTIVITY:SATELLITE SOLUTIONSLEO connectivity,providing a mountable,all-in-one solution.Additionally,an open architecture enables easy integration with any fleet connectivity platform and existi

96、ng network.Figure 10:Multi-Orbit Terminal Solution for Fleet Connectivity(Source:ABI Research)Intelsats multi-orbit fleet connectivity solutions are distinct in the market and are specially positioned for heavy industry applications.Unlike other SatCom equipment in the market,Intelsats fleet connect

97、ivity ground terminals are built to operate in harsh environmental conditions common in heavy industry.Furthermore,the system supports both NGSO and GSO links simultaneously,so that users can offload and prioritize network traffic based on their needs.For instance,real-time surveillance and remote c

98、ontrol can be facilitated through a LEO link,while fleet management software can be run on a GEO link.The pairing of low-cost HTS connectivity and terminal equipment positions Intelsats fleet connectivity solution as an effective option for deployment in IoMT use cases.Figure 11:Unlocking the Potent

99、ial for Heavy Machinery and Industry(Source:ABI Research)Single unit Electronically Steered Antenna(ESA)1/1 Mbps GEO and 15/5 Mbps LEO*Ruggedized IP67 and SAE J1455 design for use in harsh environments Easy-to-use end-user experience Vehicle space efficiency by eliminating in-cabin units Weight effi

100、ciency for quick implementation of OEM,factory installation*Expected LEO speeds on multi-orbit terminal.Subject to change.NGSOGSOHeavy Industry ChallengesWorksite safetyReduced workforceDowntimeIncreasing data demandsRole of FlexMove FleetGlobal serviceHigh throughput ConnectivityUnlocks MaaSMulti-o

101、rbit connectivityCost&energy efficientUse Case ScenariosPredictive maintenanceEnhanced telemetry Autonomous operationsRemote controlDigital twinsSustainability ImpactSignificant Scope 1,2,&3 emissions reduction93%CO2 reduction compared to 5GIntelsats Multi-Orbit HTS Fleet Connectivity Unlocks Indust

102、ry 4.0 for Heavy IndustryENHANCING HEAVY EQUIPMENT CONNECTIVITY:SATELLITE SOLUTIONSAPPENDIXTCO CALCULATIONSThe 5-year annual TCO scenario in Chart 1 shows the comparison between deploying cellular 5G infrastructure and Intelsats multi-orbit fleet connectivity solution infrastructure for an Industry

103、4.0.mine.The goal is to provide roughly an additional 16,000 square meters(equivalent to 3 football fields)of network coverage and connect a fleet of 30 mining trucks.As this scenario focuses on extending an existing network,the scenario assumes that private 5G radio units have already been bought o

104、utright and installed on the fleet of 30 mining trucks.The assumption is that the operator will do the same when opting for satellite terminals and will buy them outright.The deployment of 5G infrastructure for the scenario relies on small cell base stations,which are commonly used for outdoor campu

105、s-level deployments,cost around US$10,000,and cover around 5,345 square meters per small cell site.Connecting to the site requires a backhaul link.In this case,a mid-microwave(14 GHz 25 GHz)wireless backhaul solution is used with 2 hops and 3 microwave backhaul transmitters(US$30,000 each)to connect

106、 the private network to a CSPs core network.There are other annual OPEX-related costs,including spectrum license fees(US$3,000),maintenance fees,and other miscellaneous fees.EMISSIONS CALCULATIONSThe emissions scenarios in Figure 9 consider the impact of CO2 emissions when introducing Industry 4.0 s

107、olutions,including telematics and remote operations,as well as general connectivity.Scope 1:The Scope 1 scenario focuses on the reduction of Idle time by 30 connected mining vehicles in a 10 km haul route.There is an assumption that the mine operates 24 hours,7 days a week,and that each mining truck

108、 produces 0.11 tons of CO2/hour while active.Another assumption is that the haul route the trucks travel down has two 0.5 km vertical curves,which each require a 0.5 km stopping distance and 1 km site distance by the vehicle operator at the precipice of the curve,before the vehicle can proceed.The o

109、ther assumption is that the mining vehicles are always traveling at 60 Kilometers per Hour(km/h)down the haul routes,except when the vehicles are idle at a vertical curve.Given that a column of 30 trucks is each equipped with satellite terminals,idle time could be reduced by 30 minutes each way as r

110、eal-time positioning and even remote operations could reduce sight distance required by the vehicle operator to overcome a vertical curve.This would ultimately reduce the idle time of each vehicle traveling down the route and,therefore,the annual CO2 emissions by potentially 162 tons for a mine oper

111、ating 24/7.Scope 2:The Scope 2 scenario focuses on the CO2 emissions due to electricity generation by 5G infrastructure versus the satellite fleet connectivity solution covering a 10 km haul route at a mine with 30 trucks.The assumption is that each small cell 5G base station has a 2.5 km max covera

112、ge radius and each station consumes 277.8 kWh per day.The CO2(and equivalent gasses)emitted by the generation of electricity is based on U.K.energy grid rates,which equates to 57 Kilograms ENHANCING HEAVY EQUIPMENT CONNECTIVITY:SATELLITE SOLUTIONS(kg)of CO2 emissions per small cell base station.With

113、 each base station operating 24 hours,7 days a week,the mines daily emissions from using energy to power 5G cellular connectivity would equate to 0.23 tons per day.The impact from using 5G terminals for each truck was not included in the exercise.Deploying satellite terminals for 30 trucks in this s

114、ame scenario found a nearly a 94%reduction in CO2 emissions.It should be noted that ABI Research does acknowledge that there are emissions tied to the deployment of satellite networks,including from launch,manufacturing,operating the ground network,and more.This report focuses on the direct impact o

115、f installing and operating a private network,5G cellular versus satellite.GLOSSARYCapital Expenditure(CAPEX):The money an organization or corporate entity spends to buy,maintain,or improve fixed assets such as buildings,cars,equipment,or land.Cellular:Connectivity technology where the link to and fr

116、om end nodes is wireless and the network is distributed over land areas called cells,each served by at least one fixed-location transceiver or base station.Communications Service Provider(CSP):Service providers that transport information electronically,such as telecommunications providers,satellite

117、operators,cable companies,and more.Fiber:Optical fiber cables are made of flexible glass that transmit light from one end to the other,carrying data.Fixed Wireless Access(FWA):The use of wireless communication devices or systems to connect two fixed locations with a radio,wireless link,or laser brid

118、ge.Geostationary Earth Orbit(GEO):A type of GSO with an equatorial orbital regime starting from a 35,786 km altitude directly above Earths equator.Geosynchronous Orbit(GSO):An Earth-centered orbit with a period that matches the Earths rotation.Heavy Equipment Vendors:Manufacturers of heavy machinery

119、 including companies such as John Deere,Caterpillar,Komatsu,Hitachi,and more.Heavy Industry:Industries that use large and heavy machinery in routine operations.Internet of Things(IoT):IoT describes devices equipped with sensors,software,and other technologies that connect and exchange data with othe

120、r devices over a communications network.Internet of Moving Things(IoMT):Refers to the concept of connecting and networking objects that are capable of movement,either under their own power(e.g.,vehicles and robots)or by being carried by people(e.g.,mobile devices and wearables).Ku-band:Portion of th

121、e electromagnetic spectrum commonly used by satellite operators in the range of frequencies from 12 GHz to 18 GHz.Low Earth Orbit(LEO):An Earth-centered orbital regime between 700 km and 1,500 km altitude from Earths surface.ENHANCING HEAVY EQUIPMENT CONNECTIVITY:SATELLITE SOLUTIONSNon-Geostationary

122、 Orbit(NGSO):Refers to any orbit that is not GEO,including LEO and MEO.Original Equipment Manufacturer(OEM):Vendors offering goods that are used as components in the products of another company.Operational Expenditure(OPEX):The ongoing expense for running a product,business,or system.Return on Inves

123、tment(ROI):As a performance measure,ROI is used to evaluate the efficiency of an investment or to compare the efficiencies of several different investments.It is also considered the ratio between net income and investment.Satellite Communications(SatCom):Refers to communications networks that levera

124、ge artificial satellites that relay and amplify radio telecommunications signals to different locations on Earth.System Integrator(SI):An organization that helps businesses tackle technology projects by bringing component subsystems into a whole,ensuring that these systems function together.Total Co

125、st of Ownership(TCO):The financial estimate is intended to help buyers and owners determine the direct and indirect costs of a product or service.Wi-Fi:Family of wireless network protocols commonly used for local area networking devices.WE EMPOWER TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION AND STRATEGIC IMPLEMENTATION A

126、BI Research is uniquely positioned at the intersection of end-market companies and technology solution providers,serving as the bridge that seamlessly connects these two segments by driving successful technology implementations and delivering strategies that are proven to attract and retain customer

127、s.2024 ABI Research.Used by permission.ABI Research is an independent producer of market analysis and insight and this ABI Research product is the result of objective research by ABI Research staff at the time of data collection.The opinions of ABI Research or its analysts on any subject are continu

128、ally revised based on the most current data available.The information contained herein has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable.ABI Research disclaims all warranties,express or implied,with respect to this research,including any warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.Published May 2024 157 Columbus AvenueNew York,NY 10023Tel:+1 516-624-