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1、2PROGRESS ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS Snapshot of gender equality across the Sustainable Development Goals2PROGRESS ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS At current rates,it will take an additional 137 years to END EXTREME POVERTY among women.Social protection is key for poverty eradication,

2、yet 50.1%of women are covered by at least one social protection benefit,compared to 54.6%of men.CONFLICT and DISPLACEMENT are key risk factors for womens physical and mental health.In Sudan,around 1.2 million PREGNANT AND BREASTFEEDING WOMEN are expected to suffer from malnutrition and face complica

3、tions during delivery.Countries with domestic violence legislation have lower rates of intimate partner violence than those without legislation,9.5%compared to 16.1%.18.7%of women aged 20-24 years were married before age 18,down from 24.1%in 2003.At current rates,child marriage will only end in 2092

4、.Globally,women spend 2.5 times as many hours a day on unpaid care and domestic work as men.In 2023,women held 26.9%of seats in parliaments,35.5%of seats in local governments and 27.5%of managerial positions.Women account for less than 40%of owners or rights-bearers for agricultural land in 32 out o

5、f 49 countries with data.There are 47.8 million more moderately or severely food insecure WOMEN than men.Closing the gender gap in farm productivity and the wage gap in food systems would reduce the number of FOOD-INSECURE PEOPLE by 45 million.Today,119.3 million GIRLS remain out of school,down by 5

6、.4 million since 2015.The annual global cost of the education skills deficit surpasses$10 trillion,more than the GDP of France and Japan combined.In sub-Saharan Africa,the cost is$210 billion,exceeding 10%of the GDP in this region.Discriminatory legal frameworks prevail in many parts of the world.In

7、 18%of countries,women do not have equal rights to confer citizenship to their spouses and their children.54%of countries do not have laws that base the legal definition of rape on the lack of freely given consent.In 51%of countries,there is at least one restriction preventing women from doing the s

8、ame jobs as men.72%of countries set the minimum age of marriage below 18 years,with no legal exceptions,for both women and men.1 in every 8 WOMEN AND GIRLS aged 15-49 was subjected to sexual and/or physical violence by an intimate partner in the previous year.WOMEN and GIRLS spend 250 million hours

9、per day on water collection,over 3 TIMES MORE than men and boys.3THE GENDER SNAPSHOT 2024Snapshot of gender equality across the Sustainable Development Goals3THE GENDER SNAPSHOT 2024Electrification increases womens employment outside the home by 9 to 23 percentage points.Universal access to clean co

10、oking could save women 40 HOURS A WEEK on average.Women account for only 35%of all science,technology,engineering and math graduates.If left unaddressed,the global gender gap in Internet use could cost low-and middle-income countries an estimated$500 billion over the next five years.Artificial Intel

11、ligence is reshaping labour markets:3.7%of women hold jobs that could be replaced by the technology,compared to 1.4%of men.In 2020,only about 6 in 10 urban residents had convenient access to public transportation.Women rely on such services more than men,making gaps disproportionately worse for them

12、.By 2050,climate change may push up to 158 million more women and girls into extreme poverty ($2.15 per day),16 million more than men and boys.At higher poverty thresholds,the total number of women and girls reaches 310 million ($3.65 per day)and 422 million ($6.85 per day).In 2023,about 612 million

13、 WOMEN and GIRLS lived within 50 kilometres of at least one of 170 armed conflicts,an increase of 41%since 2015.The United Nations confirmed a 50%increase in cases of conflict-related sexual violence since 2022,with women and girls suffering 95%of these crimes.Countries are on average only at a HALF

14、WAY POINT in planning,producing and making gender data available.Yet half of all projects on statistics and data supported by official development assistance devote less than 0.05%to gender-related dimensions.Migrant women and girls are at major risk of gender-based violence and trafficking.In 2020,

15、women accounted for 64%of detected victims of trafficking for sexual exploitation,and girls for another 27%.4PROGRESS ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS INVESTING IN WOMENS RIGHTS IS A PATHWAY TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTThis year marks a pivotal moment for the Sustain-able Development Goals(SDGs)an

16、d the future of global development cooperation.With only six years remaining until the 2030 deadline for the goals,pro-gress has been too slow,especially on gender equal-ity.The Summit of the Future and the forthcoming thirtieth anniversary of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action provide

17、critical opportunities to recommit to accelerating progress on gender equal-ity and womens rights,including by implementing evidence-based,well-resourced,high-impact and time-bound actions in each country.Acknowledging the negative impact of recurrent cri-ses,the United Nations has identified six in

18、vestment pathways for revitalizing SDG implementation,known as the Six Transitions.While gender equality is not a distinct transition,all six depend on realizing it,alongside urgent complemen-tary action on key areas of the Beijing Platform for Ac-tion,such as ending violence against women,equal par

19、ticipation in decision making,and women,peace and security.This section highlights the interconnections among the six transitions and gender equality.The remainder of the report provides a goal-by-goal assessment of the status of gender equality across all 17 goals and many actions needed to acceler

20、ate progress.Food systemsLeveraging smart technologies and promoting circu-lar agriculture innovations can transform food systems and provide affordable,sustainable and diversified sources of nutrition.Women play pivotal roles in food systems as produc-ers,workers,processors,distributors,traders and

21、 con-sumers.They sustain household nutritional security.Yet women in agricultural production often face difficult conditions due to prevailing gender inequalities and discriminatory norms.For example,women are more likely to be unpaid family workers or casual labourers in agriculture.They face const

22、raints in producing cer-tain crops and participating in activities dominated by men.Productivity on female-run farms lags that of male-managed farms of the same size by 24 per cent,and on average,women earn 18.4 per cent less than men in agricultural wage employment.In terms of ag-ricultural land,wo

23、men account for less than 40 per cent of owners or rights-bearers in 32 out of 49 countries with data.All these factors result in womens dispropor-tionate rates of poverty and food insecurity.Gender-responsive policies to counter negative so-cial norms,close gaps in resources and assets,and boost wo

24、mens participation in policy choices can lead to more sustainable and resilient food systems and foster food security for all.Ending the gender gap in farm productivity and the wage gap in food systems would increase global gross domestic prod-uct(GDP)by 1 per cent(or nearly$1 trillion).It would red

25、uce global food insecurity by about 2 percentage points and the number of food-insecure people by 45 million.If half of small-scale producers,men and women,benefited from development interventions focused on empowering women,the incomes of 58 million people would rise.Resilience to shocks would impr

26、ove for 235 million people.Women are less likely than men to own agricultural land in 40 out of 46 countries with data.In 2023,26.7%of adult women were moderately or severely food insecure.Small-scale farmers,the majority of whom are women,produce1/3 of the worlds food.IN FOCUSButonly 19%of agricult

27、ural policies are gender-responsive.Only 13%promote rural womens participation.5THE GENDER SNAPSHOT 2024Energy access and affordabilityIt is imperative to step up clean energy investment and technology transfers,improve energy access and affordability,and enhance energy efficiency.Energy accounts fo

28、r more than 75 per cent of total global greenhouse gas emissions,making it the lead-ing contributor to climate change.At the same time,in 2022,685.2 million people lacked access to electrici-ty,and up to 2.1 billion people used polluting fuels for cooking,largely in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia and t

29、he Pacific.These shortfalls endanger womens health and safety,limit their livelihood prospects,and increase unpaid care and domestic work.Energy as a sector has been traditionally male-dominated and rife with gender inequalities;women are severely underrepre-sented in employment and leadership.Men h

30、old high shares of technical and managerial posts,while women are usually in clerical and administrative positions with limited influence and decision-making power.In 2024,women held 23.3 per cent of ministerial positions over-all but only 12 per cent of those responsible for energy,natural resource

31、s,fuels and mining.Women and girls stand to gain significantly from an equitable and gender-responsive transition to sus-tainable energy.When households are connected to electricity,women are 9 to 23 percentage points more likely to gain employment outside the home.Univer-sal access to clean cooking

32、 and the replacement of polluting fuels could reduce illnesses and deaths and save households up to 40 hours a week otherwise spent on collecting fuel and preparing meals.To be successful,this transition requires innovative solutions,new and bolder business models for energy systems,and adequate gen

33、der-responsive financing.Women and girls need to be equally and meaningfully included at all stages and levels as leaders and drivers of change,designers,implementers,and end users of renewable energy policies,technologies and practices.Access to clean cooking could save households 40 hours a week o

34、n average.In 2019,1.5 million women and girls died prematurely from exposure to household air pollution,making it the third leading cause of female deaths.IN FOCUSWomen are 9-23%pt.*more likely to gain employment outside the home following electrification.Digital connectivityThe United Nations calls

35、 for delivering equitable e-government services and making digital connectiv-ity an opportunity for economic leapfrogging,includ-ing through greater financial inclusion.Digital technologies are advancing exponentially,offering significant opportunities and a powerful multiplier effect.They also pose

36、 risks,particularly for gender equality and womens empowerment.In-creased digitization provides women and girls with greater educational,employment,and business pros-pects,more control over their incomes and health,and spaces to connect and amplify their voices.At the same time,new and emerging tech

37、nologies,in-cluding artificial intelligence,magnify risks such as technology-facilitated violence against women.If left unaddressed,the global gender gap in Internet use could cost low-and middle-income countries an es-timated$500 billion over the next five years.The Global Digital Compact,launched

38、at the Summit of the Future,presents a unique opportunity to har-ness digital technology for sustainable development.The collective efforts and recommendations of the Action Coalition on Technology and Innovation for Gender Equality have helped make gender equality a key principle of the compact,whi

39、ch commits to the full,equal and meaningful participation of all women and girls in the digital realm.The Summits Pact for the Fu-ture expresses grave concern about the gender digital divide and calls for addressing gender-related risks from technologies.It also urges dismantling barriers to the equ

40、al participation and leadership of women and girls in science,technology and innovation.*%pt.stands for percentage point.6PROGRESS ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS Jobs and social protectionModernizing social protection systems can help erad-icate poverty and break the vicious cycle of informal

41、employment and low pay.Globally,among people aged 25 to 54 in 2022,63.3 per cent of women were engaged in the labour force,compared to 91.9 percent of men.Surprisingly,there has been little change in these figures over the last 20 years.A global gender pay gap still sees women earn-ing 20 per cent l

42、ess than men.Comprehensive,gender-responsive social protection systems are essential for reducing poverty and ine-quality and putting countries back on track to reach the SDGs.Despite important progress over the past decade,wide coverage gaps remain.In 2023,just over half the worlds population(52.4

43、per cent)had at least one social protection benefit.An estimated 2 billion women and girls were unprotected.Chronic gaps in care services and policies have left millions of workers with family responsibilities without adequate protec-65%of women used the Internet in 2023,compared to 70%of men.Women

44、are about 8%less likely to own a mobile phone than men,down from 10%in 2020.The global gender gap in Internet use could cost low-and middle-income countries an estimated$500 billionover the next five years.IN FOCUSEducationProviding education for all and enhancing digital skills is a path to future

45、prosperity.The strong link between education and gender equality is well established.Yet,globally,119.3 million girls remain out of school,a figure that has declined by 5.4 million since 2015.Some 39 per cent of young women fail to complete upper-secondary school.The costs of losses in schooling and

46、 learning are staggering:The United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organiza-tion(UNESCO)estimates that by 2030,the annual social costs of the global basic skills deficit will cross$10 trillion,more than the GDP of France and Japan combined.In sub-Saharan Africa,where girls are at a sign

47、ificant dis-advantage compared to boys,the annual cost of girls leaving school early is$210 billion,more than 10 per cent of the regions combined GDP.If the number of children dropping out of school early and the number of those with less than basic skills each fell by 1 percentage point,annual glob

48、al labour income would skyrocket by$470 billion and over$650 billion,respectively.Proven gender-responsive policies,such as lowering schooling costs,providing cash transfers to house-holds to support girls education,creating safe en-vironments for girls and taking measures to prevent all forms of ge

49、nder-based violence,establishing comprehensive sexuality education,ensuring a gen-der-balanced and diverse teacher workforce,and conducting awareness-raising are key investment priorities to help achieve universal education,reduce school dropout rates and increase skills among girls.39%of young wome

50、n fail to complete upper-secondary school,down from 46%in 2015.$10 trillion is the annual global estimated cost of children failing to acquire basic skills.Reducing school dropout rates by 1%pt.*would generate a global labour income of$470 billion.IN FOCUS*%pt.stands for percentage point.7THE GENDER

51、 SNAPSHOT 2024tion and support.Investing in the care economy would simultaneously reduce womens time and income pov-erty,support their labour force participation and ex-pand care-related employment,potentially creating almost 300 million jobs by 2035.The United Nations Global Accelerator on Jobs and

52、 Social Protection for Just Transitions is a joint initiative launched by the United Nations Secretary-General in September 2021 to accelerate progress on the SDGs and close global gaps in decent jobs and social protection.By bringing together Member States,United Nations organizations,international

53、 financial institutions,public development banks,social partners,civil society and the private sector,the initiative aims to create at least 400 million decent jobs,primarily in the green,digital and care economies,and extend social protection coverage to over 4 billion people who are currently excl

54、uded.Climate change,biodiversity loss and pollutionDeveloping sustainable transportation,decarbonizing industry,and establishing sustainable consumption and production patterns can mitigate the triple planetary crisis of climate change,biodiversity loss and pollution.Existing gender inequalities mak

55、e women and girls particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate change,biodiversity loss and pollution.This poses unique threats to their well-being and limits their decision-making power and opportunities for contributing to climate mitigation and adaptation as well as just energy and economic

56、transition.Under a worst-case climate sce-nario,up to 158 million more women and girls could be pushed into extreme poverty by 2050,with nearly half of them in sub-Saharan Africa.Up to 236 million more women and girls may experience food insecurity.Feminist Climate Justice:A Framework for Action off

57、ers a vision where everyone thrives on a healthy and sus-tainable planet.To achieve this,UN-Women has out-lined four pillars:1.Recognition:Acknowledging womens rights,labour and knowledge,including their expertise in preserving ecosystems and practicing sustainable agriculture.2.Redistribution:Inves

58、ting in social protection systems to enhance womens resilience to climate impacts and support gender-just transitions to sustainable eco-nomic models.3.Representation:Ensuring diverse womens voices are heard in environmental decision-making,whether in so-cial movements,ministries or delegations to i

59、nternation-al climate talks,and bridging the gap between climate action demands and government responses.4.Reparation:Addressing historical injustices be-tween and within countries by cancelling unsustaina-ble debt,meeting climate finance commitments,and funding loss and damage initiatives.By priori

60、tizing people and the planet over profits,it is possi-ble to create a more equitable and sustainable world.Under a worst-case climate scenario,up to 158 million more women and girls could be pushed into extreme poverty by 2050.As many as 236 million more women and girls may experience food insecurit

61、y.UN-Womens Feminist Climate Justice Framework rests on four pillars:recognition redistribution representation reparationIN FOCUSIn low-income countries,91.1%of womens employment and86.2%of mens employment is informal and not regulated or protected by the State.2 billion women and girls have no soci

62、al protection coverage.50.1%have at least one benefit,compared to 54.6%of men.Investing in the care sector could create almost 300 million jobs by 2035.IN FOCUS8PROGRESS ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS Gender-responsive social protection is needed to reduce female povertyIn 2024,the global extr

63、eme poverty rate,defined as living on less than$2.15 per person per day,was 9.8 per cent for females compared to 9.1 per cent for males.Overall,24.3 million more females live in extreme poverty compared to males.By 2030,a projected 8.1 per cent of females(compared to 7.6 per cent of males)will linge

64、r in extreme poverty,missing the SDG target.Ending extreme poverty for women and girls will take an additional 137 years if this trend continues.The situation is even worse when considering the$3.65 and$6.85 international poverty lines,with 25.4 per cent and 47.5 per cent of females living in poor h

65、ouseholds in 2024 and little change expected by 2030.Gender-responsive social protection,which includes cash for poor families,maternity leave and pensions,is key for poverty eradication,yet,in 2023,social protection coverage remained far from universal and was significantly lower among women(50.1 p

66、er cent compared to 54.6 per cent for men).Only 36.4 per cent of mothers with new-borns were covered by maternity benefits.Working-age womens contributions to social security schemes(29.1 per cent)were much lower than mens(40.9 per cent),driving a 5.4 percentage-point gap in old-age pensions.Reduced

67、 paid work hours due to unpaid care and domestic work,unequal pay and workplace discrimination result in womens lower income,savings and pensions in old age.Enhanced social protection measures for women and girls,particularly amid multiple crises,are critical.A com-prehensive SDG Push package of int

68、erventions to close gender gaps and empower women,such as through increased access to social protection,essential services and equal wages,could reduce this figure by 115 million.Source:International Labour Organizations estimates;World Social Protection Database,based on the Social Security Inquiry

69、;Social Security Programs by the International Social Security Association;ILOSTAT;national sources.Note:Effective coverage refers to the proportion of the total population receiving contributory or non-contributory social protection benefits in at least one area or actively contributing to at least

70、 one social security scheme.GENDER-SPECIFIC INDICATORSTOTAL INDICATORS513Proportion of the population covered by at least one social protection benefit,by sex,2023(percentage)FIGURE 1FemaleMaleAustralia andNew ZealandPersons covered by at least one social protection benefitPersons above statutory re

71、tirement age receiving an old-age pensionActive contributors as a percentage of the working-age populationWomen giving birth covered by maternity benefitsEurope and Northern AmericaEastern andSouth-Eastern AsiaNorthern Africaand Western AsiaCentral andSouthern AsiaOceania(excl.Australia andNew Zeala

72、nd)Sub-SaharanAfricaWorldLatin Americaand the Caribbean95.095.580.576.560.168.894.487.087.997.599.152.262.379.067.170.888.090.745.355.129.359.063.474.285.926.335.229.639.240.448.276.712.829.619.430.941.542.455.99.828.846.318.419.633.030.221.939.722.314.116.718.926.64.38.75.950.154.677.282.629.140.93

73、6.49THE GENDER SNAPSHOT 2024Women play important roles in food production,yet agricultural policies fall short in addressing gender disparitiesThe prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity surged during the pandemic.By 2023,it still affected 28.9 per cent of the global population,some 2.33 bi

74、llion people.Food insecurity is more common among women,impacting 26.7 per cent of adult women compared to 25.4 per cent of men,a difference of about 47.8 million more women than men.The gender gap has narrowed since its pandemic peak,but still hovers slightly above pre-pandemic levels.Further,a dim

75、inishing gender gap is partly due to a steady rise in food insecurity among men since 2022.Anaemia in women aged 15 to 49 is projected to reach 32.3 per cent by 2030,widely missing the 50 per cent global target to reduce it.Food systems are vital sources of livelihoods,employing 36 per cent of women

76、 and 38 per cent of men globally.In sub-Saharan Africa and Southern Asia,66 per cent and 71 per cent of women work in the agriculture sector,re-spectively,compared to 60 per cent and 47 per cent of men.While over 75 per cent of agricultural policies recognize womens roles,only 19 per cent treat gend

77、er equality or womens rights as explicit policy objectives.Just 13 per cent promote rural womens participation in policymaking.Half of bilateral finance for agriculture and rural develop-ment includes gender equality objectives but only 6 per cent treats it as a primary objective.Moderate and/or sev

78、ere food insecurity by sex and region,2023(percentage of adult population)FIGURE 2Source:Food and Agriculture Organization.2024.The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2024.Financing to end hunger,food insecurity and malnutrition in all its forms.GENDER-SPECIFIC INDICATORSTOTAL INDICAT

79、ORS214Moderate or severe food insecuritySevere food insecurityFemaleMaleWorldWorld26.725.4Australia andNew ZealandAustralia andNew Zealand15.716.14.35.3Central andSouthern AsiaCentral andSouthern Asia41.938.120.117.0Eastern andSouth-Eastern AsiaEastern andSouth-Eastern Asia8.89.51.41.6Latin Americaa

80、nd the CaribbeanLatin Americaand the Caribbean30.325.19.27.8Europe and Northern AmericaEurope and Northern America9.28.01.71.9Oceania(excl.Australiaand New Zealand)Oceania(excl.Australiaand New Zealand)51.551.923.223.5Sub-SaharanAfricaSub-SaharanAfrica62.762.623.623.2Northern Africaand Western AsiaN

81、orthern Africaand Western Asia36.533.612.412.310.09.210PROGRESS ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS Women and girls in conflict settings face heightened mental and physical health risksThe global maternal mortality ratio dropped by 34 per cent from 2000 to 2020,yet almost 800 women still die every

82、day from preventable pregnancy and childbirth-related causes.Harmful gender norms,low prioritization of safe,quality and affordable sexual and reproductive health services,and fragile health systems in low-and middle-income countries constrain progress.Crisis amplifies the pressures,shutting down ac

83、cess to health care and other critical resources.In Sudan,one of the largest internal displacement crises in the world,over 10.7 million people have fled their homes.They include 1.2 million pregnant and breastfeeding women at risk of malnutrition in 2024;40.8 per cent of those in Zamzam,North Darfu

84、r,are already suffering from acute malnutrition,with high risks of severe health complications.Every day in Afghanistan,24 women die giving birth.Nearly a third of women(31.9 per cent)find it difficult to access health clinics,and 70 per cent cannot make their own health-care decisions.Taliban restr

85、ic-tions on education could increase early childbearing by 45 per cent and maternal mortality by 50 per cent.Conflicts also impose intense psychological stress on women and girls.Some 82 per cent of Afghan women have reported poor mental health.In Gaza,75 per cent of women described feelings of depr

86、ession,62 per cent had sleep issues,and 65 per cent experienced anxiety and nightmares.Among Ukrainian refugee mothers in Poland,over 60 per cent said they suffered severe distress.Women and girls in conflict settings are particularly vulnerable to infectious diseases due to displacement and health-

87、care disruptions.In early 2024,over 429,000 female pneumonia cases were reported in Afghanistan.Women in Gaza had higher rates of skin infections and gastrointestinal issues than men,partly due to caring for sick family members.War,conflict and displacement take a terrible toll on womens physical an

88、d mental healthFIGURE 3GENDER-SPECIFIC INDICATORSTOTAL INDICATORS628among 155,000 pregnant women and new mothers,15,000 are on the brink of famine.Pregnant women face obstacles in accessing caesarean sections,often undergoing the procedure without anaesthesia.only10.3%of internally displaced women c

89、ould access health services compared to 32%of male counterparts.around1.2 million pregnant and breastfeeding women are expected to suffer from malnutrition,facing severe health complications during and after delivery.8%of women report desiring medicines for anxiety,compared to 4%of menIN GAZAIN HAIT

90、IIN SUDANIN UKRAINE11THE GENDER SNAPSHOT 2024FemaleMale01020304050World2929Latin Americaand the Caribbean1517Eastern andSouth-Eastern Asia1921Australia andNew Zealand12Europe and Northern America55Central andSouthern Asia3737Northern Africaand Western Asia1817Sub-SaharanAfrica4844Oceania(excl.Austra

91、liaand New Zealand)2722Gender gaps in upper-secondary education persist alongside inequalities in access to digital technologyToday,119.3 million girls are out of school,down from 124.7 million in 2015.Between 2022 and 2023,the proportion of young women aged 15 to 24 not in education,employment or t

92、raining(NEET)declined from 29.1 per cent to 28.1 per cent,reducing the gender gap by only 0.7 percentage points.While gender gaps have closed at all levels of education globally,upper-secondary disparities remain concerning in three of eight regions.In sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania(excluding Austra

93、lia and New Zealand),upper-secondary out-of-school rates were 48 per cent and 27 per cent for girls compared to 44 per cent and 22 per cent for boys.Girls from the poorest households are most disadvantaged in all regions.Some countries have almost no poor young women attending school at any level.Ce

94、ntral and Southern Asia has made significant progress in closing gender gaps in lower-secondary education through midday meal programmes,advocacy for girls education and Indias Right to Education Act.Social norms,unpaid care and domestic work,and early marriage,however,still limit the chances that g

95、irls will reach and stay in school,particularly upper-secondary education.In Latin America and the Caribbean and Eastern and South-East-ern Asia,reverse gender gaps favour girls by 2 percentage points.These shortfalls also require attention as under-achievement in schooling can increase risky behavi

96、ours for boys.Increased access to upper-secondary education,especially in science,technology,engineering and mathematics(STEM)can create huge opportunities for young women and girls and boost economic development.In leading economies,women currently make up only 26 per cent of the workforce in data

97、and artificial intelligence and 12 per cent in cloud computing.Doubling the share of women in the tech workforce would not only provide opportunities for high-paid decent jobs,it could also increase GDP by up to 600 billion by 2027.Upper-secondary out-of-school rates,by sex,2024(percentage)FIGURE 4S

98、ource:UN-Women calculations using UNESCOs 2024 database of out-of-school rates for the Global Education Monitoring Report,2023.Note:Decimal points are unavailable.GENDER-SPECIFIC INDICATORSTOTAL INDICATORS812Upper-secondary disparities remain concerning in three of eight regions.12PROGRESS ON THE SU

99、STAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS Discriminatory laws and other structural barriers dim prospects for gender equality by 2030 Unless progress rapidly accelerates,the global community will fall short of achieving gen-der equality by 2030.Overall progress is insufficient,particularly given lags on structur-

100、al issues such as gender-responsive laws,policies and budgets.Social norms continue to perpetuate discrimination,preventing women from gaining an equal footing with men.Womens access to political and managerial positions and their ability to make choices about their sexual and reproductive health re

101、main notably low.Violence against women is pervasive,and harmful practices,such as child marriage and female genital mutilation,severely impact girls despite declines in recent decades.With limited data on SDG 5,much remains unknown about gender inequalities,rendering womens experiences invisible in

102、 policies and decision-making.In the six years left until 2030,meaningful progress demands dramatically scaled-up commitments to change,backed by commensurate investments.THE WORLD IS OFF TRACK TO ACHIEVE SDG 5 BY 2030Robust laws and policies that promote gender equality and address gender discrimin

103、ation are essential to achieving change.Yet discriminatory frameworks prevail,undercutting progress worldwide.Between 2019 and 2023,56 positive legal reforms took place across the four areas measured by SDG indicator 5.1.1(overarching legal frameworks and public life;violence against women;employmen

104、t and economic benefits;and marriage and family).Not a single country among 120 with data has all relevant laws in place in all four areas,however.All discriminatory laws must be eliminated and strong legal frameworks that fully uphold gender equality and womens right established in all areas.These

105、should be backed by vigorous implementation,monitoring,adequate resources,and the building of necessary infrastructure and capacities.In18%of countries,women do not have equal rights to confer citizenship to their spouses and their children.54%of countries do not have laws that base the legal defini

106、tion of rape on the lack of freely given consent.In51%of countries,there is at least one restriction preventing women from doing the same jobs as men.72%of countries set the minimum age of marriage below age 18,with no legal exceptions,for both women and men.Combating violence,harassment,and the abu

107、se of women and girls in all forms and in all spheres of life,including online,will determine the achievement of gender equality.Globally,1 in every 8 women and girlsaged 15-49 was subjected to sexual and/or physical violence by an intimate partner in the previous year(12.5%),a ratio reaching almost

108、 1 in every 3 women and girls or worse in 13 countries,including:Countries with domestic violence legislation have lower rates of intimate partner violence than those without such legislation (9.5%compared to 16.1%).25.2%in Kiribati34.7%in Afghanistan30.6%in Papua New Guinea35.6%in the Democratic Re

109、public of the Congo13THE GENDER SNAPSHOT 2024Harmful practices severely undermine the well-being of women and girls,including through long-term physical,emotional and psychological repercussions.They lead to profound societal consequences by perpetuating cycles of poverty,inequality and social insta

110、bility.Women are often denied leadership and decision-making roles in politics and the private sector.Improving womens access to mobile phones can boost economic independence.Strengthened care policies,services,jobs and infrastructure are required to recognize,reduce and redistribute the unpaid care

111、 and domestic work burden,which is primarily shouldered by women.In 2023,1 in 5 women aged 20-24 years was married before age 18(18.7%),down from 1 in 4 in 2003(24.1%).Globally,over 230 million girls and women worldwide have undergone female genital mutilation,including 21.7%in sub-Saharan Africa an

112、d 73.6%in Northern Africa.This represents a 15%increase,or 30 million more girls and women over the last 8 years.Globally,women spend 2.5 times as many hours a day on unpaid care and domestic work as men,including:3.1 times in sub-Saharan Africa and 4.9 times in Northern Africa and Western Asia.Poor

113、 countries and those in conflict and crisis are particularly affected.The average incidence of child marriage in conflict-affected countries is 14.4 percentage points higher than in non-conflict settings.2092 The year by which child marriage will be eradicated,at the current rate.Globally,women held

114、 1 in every 4 seats in parliament(26.9%),up from 22.3%in 2015,and1 in every 3 seats on local governments(35.5%)in 2023.Introducing gender quotas boosts shares of female parliamentarians.27.2%Female parliamentarians in countries with legislated quotas23.2%Female parliamentarians in countries without

115、legislated quotasIn 2022,women held 27.5%of managerial positions globally,despite accounting for 40.1%of total employment.Most fiscal systems do not track resources for gender equality and womens empowerment throughout the public financial management cycle.Only 26%out of the 105 countries and areas

116、with data from 2018-2021 have systems that track budget allocations for gender equality and make them publicly available.Backlash against the universal right to sexual and reproductive health and rights restrains progress towards gender equality and bodily autonomy.Countries and areas only have 76%o

117、f laws and regulations required to guarantee full and equal access to sexual and reproductive health and rights.Only 56%of women aged 15-49 who are married or in-union can make decisions about their sexual and reproductive health and rights,with significant disparities across countries and regions.7

118、4.8%of women own a mobile phone,compared to 81.4%of men.Increasing affordability,particularly of handsets;improving literacy and digital skills;and addressing safety and security concerns are powerful steps towards closing the gender gap in mobile phone ownership and use.The lack of legal frameworks

119、 and limited land rights for women undermine gender equality.Women account for less than 40%of owners or rights-bearers for agricultural land in 32 out of 49 countries with data from 2011-2022.Alarmingly,nearly half of 68 countries with available data on womens land ownership and control(SDG 5.a.2)f

120、rom 2019 to 2022 lack sufficient legal protections.14PROGRESS ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS Women are central to water collection and use but marginalized in water management,plans and decisionsGlobally,one in six people,or 1.8 billion,live in households where people must collect drinking wat

121、er off prem-ises.In 70 per cent of these households,this heavy burden falls on women and girls,limiting their opportunities for education,productive activities and leisure,and putting them at risk of injury or violence.In 53 countries with data,women and girls spend an astonishing 250 million hours

122、per day on water collection,over three times more than men and boys.In sub-Saharan African countries with data,the nearly 200 million hours per day that women and girls spend on water collection surpasses the total daily work hours of all individuals in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northe

123、rn Ireland.Scaling up investments in piped water systems,especially in rural areas,is critical to alleviate this burden.A national programme initiated in India in 2019 demonstrates the possibilities;it expanded access to over 117 million households in under five years.Women and girls should have a s

124、trong voice in water resources management and governance.Social equity,economic efficiency and environmental sustainability will depend on their leadership and participation.Yet in 2023,only 27.4 per cent of countries reported successfully implementing gender-related measures under na-tional water m

125、anagement frameworks,a modest increase of approximately 3.5 per cent since 2020.Around 15 per cent of countries have not implemented any gender mainstreaming practices.Indigenous women and other vulnerable groups are particularly marginalized.Only 19 per cent of countries have explicit measures to r

126、aise awareness,reduce language barriers and achieve their effective inclusion in decision-making on water resourc-es.Turning policies into action requires earmarked funding,gender focal points in all relevant ministries,and clear and actionable plans backed by implementation and monitoring.Gender ma

127、instreaming in water resources management,by level of implementation,2023FIGURE 5Source:United Nations Environment Programme.2024.Integrated Water Resources Management Data Portal.GENDER-SPECIFIC INDICATORSTOTAL INDICATORS011Very lowCanada.Indigenous Peoples have freshwater-related rights and take p

128、art in transboundary freshwater management boards.They develop and implement programmes and other measures to achieve water management objectives.Guatemala.National integrated water resources management faces lingering concerns about the meaningful inclusion of Indigenous Peoples.Participation mecha

129、nisms could strengthen inclusive representation.Benin.Benin has sought to increase womens roles in decision-making through quotas but further work is needed on water management bodies.Complementary support would help women efectively execute responsibilities.Vanuatu.The amended national Water Resour

130、ces Management Act requires that women occupy 40 per cent of seats on local water communities.Those without 40 per cent are not eligible for registration.Malaysia.The Indigenous People Development Department manages treated water supplies and extends home reticulation systems to all villages with In

131、digenous Peoples.It does not construct dams that could disrupt ecosystems and Indigenous communities.Tajikistan.A national working group on gender and water intends to develop a gender plan to guide programmes and strategies.Training female personnel and attracting women to management positions in t

132、he water sector are pressing issues.The Netherlands.The Royal Netherlands Water Network has created the KNW Womens Network to exchange experiences and strengthen the position and visibility of women in the water sector.LowMedium-lowMedium-highHighVery highNot applicableNo data15THE GENDER SNAPSHOT 2

133、024Bringing more women into the energy sector is crucial to foster inclusive clean energy solutionsThe transition to accessible,affordable clean energy could catalyse progress on all SDGs.It is a precondition for realizing SDG 5.Globally,91.4 per cent of people have access to electricity(84.0 per ce

134、nt in rural areas).But clean cooking fuels and technologies remained out of reach for one in four people in 2022(26.4 per cent),including nearly half the worlds rural population(45.6 per cent).Disparities in energy access disproportionately impact women and girls as the main procurers and users of h

135、ousehold energy.This undermines their health,education and livelihoods.In 2019,1.5 million women and girls died prematurely from exposure to household air pollution related to cooking fuels,making this the third leading cause of female death.Universal access to clean cooking could save women on aver

136、age 1.5 hours a day and deliver multiple benefits.In homes with electrification,for instance,women are 9 to 23 percentage points more likely to gain employment outside the home.Investing in clean energy for all would mitigate climate change,extend access to reliable and affordable elec-tricity,boost

137、 productivity,increase incomes and lead to better health and education for women and girls.Yet barriers to womens participation,leadership and innovation in the energy transition persist,for reasons includ-ing their limited presence in STEM education.Women comprise only 16 per cent of workers in the

138、 male-dominat-ed energy sector,and earn 15 per cent less than men with the same skill level.Non-discriminatory hiring,care policies and enabling workplace environments,equal opportunities for mentoring and networking,and equal access to education and training are among the ways to quickly scale up o

139、pportunities for women in the bur-geoning renewable energy sector.Energy is in transition,but gender barriers remain acuteFIGURE 6GENDER-SPECIFIC INDICATORSTOTAL INDICATORS06Women hold just 32%of jobs in renewable energyOnly 22%of innovators of clean energy transition technologies are womenWomen hol

140、d only16.4%of senior management positions.Globally,household air pollution is the third leading cause of female death.In homes with electrification,women are 9 to 23 percentage points more likely to gain employment outside the home.8.6%of people globally lacked electricity in 2022,including more tha

141、n50%in 21developing countries.It accounted for the loss of an estimated 86 millionhealthy life years in 2019,mostly among women in low-and middle-income countries.Female inventors hold42.6%of energy-related patents.However,16PROGRESS ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS New labour underutilization i

142、ndicator shines a spotlight on difficulties that women face in finding jobsThe global unemployment rate in 2024 shows a narrow gender gap,with 5.2 per cent of women unemployed,compared to 4.8 per cent of men.The global jobs gap rate,which captures all persons who want employment but do not have a jo

143、b,however,stood at 13.0 per cent for women,compared to 8.3 per cent for men,indicating that even if women desire employment,they are less likely than men to seek it or be available for jobs at short notice.This disparity underscores the significance of collecting and analysing detailed sex-disaggreg

144、ated data on labour market attachment to inform policy decisions.Employed women endure pervasive gender pay gaps due to occupational segregation,career interruptions and workplace discrimination.In the United Kingdom,approximately two thirds of the 14.5 per cent gender pay gap stems from gender-base

145、d biases in the workplace.Implementing wage transparency initiatives can help reduce gender pay gaps as can minimum wage policies and well-designed collective bargaining agreements.Yet only 41 per cent of agreements reviewed included gender equality clauses,such as provisions on equal pay for work o

146、f equal value.New trends,notably the rise of artificial intelligence,are reshaping labour markets,influencing jobs availability,skills requirements and employment dynamics.Womens employment is significantly affected.Globally,women are more likely than men to hold jobs where human involvement could b

147、e replaced by artificial intelligence(3.7 per cent of female employment and 48 million female jobs compared to 1.4 per cent of male employment and 27 million male jobs).Closing the gender digital divide,education and training,and gender-responsive labour market policies and social protection are cri

148、tical to address these risks and realize benefits for women and girls from the digital revolution.Unemployment rate and jobs gap rate,by sex,ages 15 and over,2024(percentage)FIGURE 7Source:International Labour Organization.2024.ILOSTAT Database.Note:Modelled estimates are used.The unemployment rate,

149、the potential labour force rate and the willing non-job seekers rate represent different degrees of labour market attachment.GENDER-SPECIFIC INDICATORSTOTAL INDICATORS616Unemployment rateFemaleJobs gap rateUnemployment rateMaleJobs gap rateAustralia andNew ZealandEastern andSouth-Eastern AsiaOceania

150、(excl.Australiaand New Zealand)Central andSouthern AsiaLatin Americaand the CaribbeanSub-SaharanAfricaNorthern Africaand Western AsiaWorldEurope andNorthern America051015202530353.93.53.84.95.37.56.514.85.26.87.79.19.712.319.321.032.113.04.04.23.94.84.55.25.17.84.85.36.08.08.17.29.513.613.38.317THE

151、GENDER SNAPSHOT 2024Inclusive,gender-responsive digital technologies can catalyze progress across multiple SDGsNearly all countries have gender gaps in digital skills and STEM,which significantly impacts the participation and leadership of women and girls in innovation and digital transformation.Und

152、errepresentation is influenced by stereotypes operating at many levels.For instance,the stereotyped perception that girls are less interested in engineering and computer science has been identified in children as young as the age of 6.As a result,women account for only 1 in 3(35 per cent)of STEM gra

153、duates,and globally the share of female researchers,at 31.5 per cent,has barely budged since 2011.The only exception is Central and Southern Asia which saw an increase from 20.4 per cent to 26.9 per cent in 2021.In 2022,women made up less than one in four employees in science,engineering and ICT job

154、s,which limits their roles in decision-making and influence in the technological design and deployment process.Gender and intersectional perspectives in technology and innovation could accelerate progress on multiple SDGs,including through artificial intelligence and digital initiatives linked to ag

155、ritech,fintech,e-health,e-gov-ernance and edtech,among others.Targeted measures to build more inclusive digital ecosystems should both accelerate womens entry into and retention in the digital economy,and comprehensively integrate social,eco-nomic and environmental factors into the design and deploy

156、ment of emerging technologies.Share of female researchers,by region,2011 and 2021(percentage)FIGURE 8Source:UIS Data Browser.Note:Regional averages are based on available data;they are derived by using the nearest years data whenever data are missing for 2011 and 2021.GENDER-SPECIFIC INDICATORSTOTAL

157、 INDICATORS01220112021Parity0102030405060Latin Americaand the Caribbean44.644.4Northern Africaand Western Asia35.638.4Europe andNorthern America34.535.3Sub-SaharanAfrica28.631.4Central andSouthern Asia20.426.9Eastern andSouth-Eastern Asia23.326.2World29.431.518PROGRESS ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

158、 GOALS Many migrant women and girls lack equal access to socioeconomic opportunities and face heightened risks of violence and discriminationSeventy million women and girls accounted for 41.5 per cent of the worlds international migrant workers in 2019.A significant 79.9 per cent are employed in hig

159、h-demand services,including health care and domestic work.Women migrant workers are more likely than men to hold low-paid,low-skilled jobs and have limited ac-cess to support services.They face structural and systematic discrimination,and anti-migrant sentiment can be widespread.Out of 92 countries,

160、on average,28.1 per cent of people believe that immigrants negatively impact national development,despite ample evidence to the contrary.Migrant women and girls face higher risks of gender-based violence,including trafficking at all stages of migration.In 2020,women accounted for 64 per cent of dete

161、cted victims of trafficking for sexual exploitation and girls for another 27 per cent.Women and girls are three times more likely to experience physical or sexual violence during trafficking compared to men and boys.In 2023,870 deaths of migrant women were recorded.Many others disappeared en route.A

162、chieving Goal 10 requires strengthening human rights protections for migrant women and girls.This includes measures to prevent,identify and address vulnerabilities during migration,in line with the Global Compact for Migration.Laws and policies must explicitly prohibit discrimination,ensure equal ri

163、ghts,services and opportuni-ties,and provide targeted assistance.In 2021,a global review of international migration policies revealed that 15 out of 87 countries and areas still lacked formal mechanisms to make policies gender-responsive.Proportion of the population that believes the impact of immig

164、rants on their countrys development is quite bad or rather bad,by sex,2017-2022(percentage)FIGURE 9Source:World Values Survey Association.2024.World Values Survey data analysis tool.Note:The figure displays 48 out of the 92 countries and areas covered by World Values Survey Wave 7(2017-2022).GENDER-

165、SPECIFIC INDICATORSTOTAL INDICATORS11402040608010305070FemaleMaleViet NamNew ZealandAlbaniaNorwayCanadaChinaUruguayBelarusKazakhstanSpainUnited StatesBangladeshAzerbaijanArgentinaGeorgiaIndiaBrazilIndonesiaRomaniaJapanRussiaBoliviaKyrgyzstanFranceMexicoSerbiaChileMoroccoIran(Islamic Republic of)Mong

166、oliaPakistanAustraliaEthiopiaGuatemalaThailandEgyptGreeceColombiaBosnia and HerzegovinaHungaryMalaysiaMyanmarLibyaKenyaTrkiyeIraqLebanonJordan19THE GENDER SNAPSHOT 2024Urbanization poses multiple risks for women and girls,who are more vulnerable to air pollution and poor transport linksMore than 56

167、per cent of the worlds population lives in urban areas.The share is expected to rise to 70 per cent by 2050,including over 2 billion people aged 65 and above as well as persons with disabilities.They will require inclusive,accessible infrastructure and services,which is a difficult goal for resource

168、-constrained municipalities.Further,as cities grow,traffic,congestion and air pollution will worsen.Older women are particularly vulnerable to poor mental and physical health from air pollution,with reports of higher suicide rates in China,increased rates of dementia in the United States and a great

169、er reluctance to leave home in Pakistan.Women and girls also experience heightened risks of sexual harassment and other forms of violence in cities.Mitigating these challenges depends on building inclusive,safe cities,with expanded access to energy-efficient and sustainable transport.In 2020,however

170、,only 6 in every 10 urban residents had convenient access to public transportation.Persons with disabilities face significant disadvantages in accessing and using public transport,with limited provisions for their needs in most cities.Such gaps disproportionately affect women.In the United Kingdom,4

171、5 per cent of women with disabilities often experience problems reaching their destinations due to gaps in accessible transport,compared to 35 per cent of men with disabilities.Achieving Goal 11 requires that cities worldwide integrate motorized transportation systems with walking and cycling,based

172、on long-term sustainable urban mobility plans,targeted infrastructure investments and policy implementation.Special attention to ending sexual harassment in public spaces,ensuring safety,last-mile connectivity,increasing the number of women working in public transportation,level boarding to reduce s

173、teps,enforcement measures and se-curity cameras on public transport are among the crucial factors for women and girls with disabilities and the elderly.Proportion of the urban population with convenient access to public transport,2020(percentage)FIGURE 10Source:United Nations Human Settlement Progra

174、mme(UN-Habitat),Global Urban Indicators Database 2024.GENDER-SPECIFIC INDICATORSTOTAL INDICATORS3140102030405060807090100Europe and NorthernAmericaAustralia andNew ZealandLatin Americaand theCaribbeanCentral andSouthern AsiaNorthern Africa and WesternAsiaSub-SaharanAfricaOceania(excl.Australiaand Ne

175、w Zealand)WorldEastern andSouth-EasternAsia33.816.252.849.360.656.660.981.382.620PROGRESS ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS The effect of multiple disasters on women and girls in Mongolia and TongaFIGURE 11Source:UN-Women and TSD 2023.Gender and Environment Survey 2022.Kingdom of Tonga;UN-Women a

176、nd MNSO 2024.Gender and Environment Survey Pilot 2021.Mongolia.Note:The survey conducted in Mongolia was a pilot survey.The data were collected utilizing computer-assisted telephone interviews during the COVID-19 pandemic.See notes and references document for more details.Pre-existing inequalities h

177、eighten womens vulnerability to climate change;urgent action is neededLast year was the warmest year on record at 1.45C above the pre-industrial average temperature.Extreme weather led to severe socioeconomic impacts across the world.Women and girls were among the worst affected given pre-existing i

178、nequalities and heightened vulnerabilities,particularly those in rural areas.Globally,by 2050,under a worst-case climate scenario,climate change may push up to 158 million,310 million and 422 million more women and girls into poverty at the$2.15,$3.65 and$6.85 per day international poverty threshold

179、s,respectively(up to 16 million more than the total number of men and boys).Based on data from seven sub-Saharan African countries,every additional day of high temperature exposure is associated with a 2.5 per cent reduction in the total value of crops produced on womens plots compared to mens.In th

180、e Pacific Islands,where most people depend on the environment for livelihoods,evidence shows how climate change affects women and men differently.For example,women and girls suffer physically and mentally due to their lower ability to cope with hazards or disasters.They are less likely to own assets

181、,access financing or have stable sources of income.In Tonga,92 per cent of women compared to 85 per cent of men exposed to disasters and related hazards have experienced feelings of stress,grief,depression or anxiety.Elsewhere in Asia and the Pacific,women in Mongolia are overall more likely than me

182、n to see their homes damaged or destroyed by dis-asters.With just six years remaining to achieve the global goals,advancing feminist climate justice is crucial.To ensure a gender-just transition towards an environmentally sustainable future,gender-responsive policies are needed to build womens resil

183、ience to climate impacts;channel resources to womens organizations responding to the environmental crisis;and ensure womens voices are represented in climate decision-making at all levels.GENDER-SPECIFIC INDICATORSTOTAL INDICATORS145EFFECTProportion of women exposed to hazards in the past 12 months

184、who:Proportion of women who noted climate change is:lengthening the time spent collecting forest productssaw their mental health affected by disastersworsening unpaid care burdensTONGAMONGOLIA3%92%1 percentage point more than men7 percentage points more than men18%19%15 percentage points more than m

185、en11 percentage points more than men2%62%0.5 percentage points more than men6 percentage points more than men21THE GENDER SNAPSHOT 2024Rising conflict imperils women and girls,from rampant food insecurity to escalating sexual violence Feeling safe and secure is a fundamental human right,yet women of

186、ten feel less secure than men.In 88 coun-tries and areas surveyed from 2020 to 2022,only 65 per cent of women felt safe walking alone at night where they live,compared to 77 per cent of men.This disparity is most pronounced in Northern Africa and Western Asia.Conflict and violence significantly thre

187、aten the safety of women and girls,leading to displacement,food insecu-rity,economic vulnerability and sexual violence.In 2023,612 million women and girls lived within 50 kilometres of at least one of 170 armed conflicts,an increase of 41 per cent since 2015.The United Nations verified 3,688 inciden

188、ts of conflict-related sexual violence,a 50 per cent rise since 2022,with women and girls making up 95 per cent of victims.Including women in conflict resolution leads to better outcomes,but women continue to be extremely underrepresented in peace negotiations.Preliminary 2023 data indicate that wom

189、en averaged only 9.6 per cent of negotiators across more than 50 processes analyzed.Conflict has spurred an increased need for humanitarian assistance,delivered by aid workers under very difficult conditions,including overt attacks.In 2023,570 aid workers were victims of violence in 262 separate att

190、acks,re-sulting in 273 deaths,213 injuries and 84 kidnappings.United Nations staff made up 42.6 per cent of these victims,three times more than in 2022.In Gaza,202 United Nations staff members have been killed since the war began in October 2023.Aid workers deliver relief to populations in desperate

191、 need,and respect for international law is paramount to ensure their safety.They should not be targeted under any circumstances.Proportion of the population that feels safe walking alone at night where they live,by region and sex,20202022(percentage)FIGURE 12Source:UNODC.2024.Based on responses to t

192、he United Nations Survey of Crime Trends and Operations of Criminal Justice Systems and the Gallup World Poll.Note:Regional aggregates refer to three-year averages weighted by country population size.Averages for Oceania were removed,as data were only available for one country.GENDER-SPECIFIC INDICA

193、TORSTOTAL INDICATORS624102030405060708090100FemaleMale0Central and Southern Asia5872Eastern and South-Eastern Asia8090Europe and Northern America6878Latin America and the Caribbean3752Sub-Saharan Africa4756Northern Africa and Western Asia6684World657722PROGRESS ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS C

194、ountries are on average only halfway to strong gender data;limited capacity and funding remain constraints Timely gender data are critical for monitoring the SDGs and informing policies,research and advocacy.Critical gaps persist,however,in data and capacities to generate them.The Gender Data Outloo

195、k Index,developed by UN-Women and PARIS21,offers a pioneering measure of national achievements and challenges to guide invest-ments in better gender data production and use.For the 83 countries covered by the index,the average score is 0.533(out of a possible 1),indicating that countries are on aver

196、age at the halfway point in planning,coordi-nating,producing and making gender data available.Performance is highest in gender data production(0.591),followed by an enabling environment(0.547)and data accessibility(0.520),reflecting traditional priorities.Comparing the index with the World Banks Sta

197、tistical Performance Indicators(SPI)shows how gender data capacity can diverge from overall statistical performance.In some high-income countries,such as Belgium,Ireland and Sin-gapore,overall statistical capacity is significantly higher than their Gender Data Outlook Index scores would suggest.Conv

198、ersely,some low-income countries,such as Sierra Leone and Uganda,show stronger gender data capacity compared to countries with similar overall statistical performance.Key factors influencing gender data capacity in-clude having regular funding,statistical laws and road maps that mandate the producti

199、on of gender statistics,gen-der statistics working groups,and dialogues between users and producers.A gender statistics entity in the national womens machinery and recent census activity are other significant elements.Investment in gender data collection and use needs to grow.Yet half of all project

200、s on statistics and data supported by official development assistance devote no or negligible funds(less than 0.05 per cent)to gender-related activities.A review of 74 countries found that while two thirds mentioned gender statistics in their national strategies,less than a third allocated a budget

201、for them.The Gender Data Outlook Index and overall statistical capacity,2024FIGURE 13Sources:UN-Women and PARIS21,Gender Data Outlook 2024 and World Bank,Statistical Performance Indicators(SPI).Note:Only 81 of 83 countries are displayed as Liechtenstein and Monaco do not have data for the Statistica

202、l Performance Indicators.GENDER-SPECIFIC INDICATORSTOTAL INDICATORS024Central and Southern AsiaOceaniaSub-Saharan AfricaEastern and South-Eastern AsiaEurope and Northern AmericaLatin America andthe CaribbeanNorthern Africa andWestern Asia000.20.40.60.80.10.30.50.70.9120406080100GDO IndexPhilippinesM

203、exicoOmanSyrian ArabRepublicAntiguaand BarbudaNauruBurundiSingaporeBelgiumIrelandUgandaSierra LeoneSPI23THE GENDER SNAPSHOT 2024THE GENDER SNAPSHOT 2024SDG 5 TRACKER:CHARTING THEWAY FORWARD24PROGRESS ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS Despite some progress,the world is falling far short on gender

204、equality targets;achieving SDG 5 demands immediate action,more ambitious finance and much better dataThe SDG 5 tracker evaluates progress on the 9 targets and 18 indicators and subindicators of SDG 5.It com-prises two measures:a level assessment,which gaug-es current achievement on a given target or

205、 indicator,and a trend assessment,which measures the pace of progress from a baseline year to the present as well as the distance from the target if applicable.Despite advances in data collection,data gaps re-main a huge challenge.This renders the realities of women and girls invisible across multip

206、le dimensions of the 2030 Agenda.As of March 2024,none of the 193 country signatories of the Agenda for Sustainable De-velopment have comprehensive data on all 52 gen-der-specific indicators across the 17 Goals.The global average data availability for these indicators stands at 56 per cent.Performan

207、ce is better,at 68 per cent,for indicators specifically under SDG 5,which focus-es on gender equality.Fully monitoring and advanc-ing gender equality across the SDGs calls for bridging these still considerable data gaps.Data shortages mean that 4 of the 18 indicators and subindicators cannot be full

208、y assessed globally.While data are improving for indicators 5.a.1 and 5.a.2,they are still sparse less than a quarter of United Nations Member States has data on the former since 2000(23.8 per cent)and just over a third on the latter(34.7 per cent).Relatively low data coverage remains an is-sue for

209、indicators 5.4.1(47.2 per cent),5.6.1(35.2 per cent)and 5.b.1(43.5 per cent).The limited availability of intersectional data is a critical challenge,hindering accurate measurement efforts to leave no women or girl behind.For instance,only 15 per cent of Member States have data on indicator 5.4.1 on

210、rural women aged 65 and older since 2000.The SDG 5 tracker shows that,based on available data,gender equality is an increasingly distant goal.No Goal 5 indicator or subindicator has reached“target met or al-most met”,only two are“close to target”,eight are at a“moderate distance to target”,three are

211、“far from target”,one is“very far from target”and four lack sufficient data.Targets and indicatorsWorldSub-Saharan AfricaNorthern Africa and Western AsiaTarget 5.15.1.1 Overarching legal frameworks and public lifeLevelTrend5.1.1 Violence against womenLevelTrend5.1.1 Employment and economic benefitsL

212、evelTrend5.1.1 Marriage and familyLevelTrend25THE GENDER SNAPSHOT 2024Limited baseline and trend data and a lack of time-ly data remain major bottlenecks in determining whether policy and spending measures to uproot gender inequality have an impact.Another challenge is the disconnect between indicat

213、ors of outcomes and means of implementation.Aside from changes in laws,the global indicators framework does not track actions by countries on the means of implementa-tion.This limits accounting for the number or impact of gender-focused investments,policies and pro-grammes.Without this evidence base

214、,forces driving the trajectory of SDG 5 outcomes indicators,positive or negative,remain obscured.In 2025,the thirtieth anniversary of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action will elicit comprehensive progress reports by countries on the implementation of the platforms 12 critical areas of co

215、ncern.This will be an invaluable opportunity to assess progress,evaluate policy im-pacts,and improve the evidence base.Central and Southern AsiaEastern and South-Eastern AsiaLatin America and the CaribbeanOceania(excluding Australia and New Zealand)Europe and Northern AmericaAustralia and New Zealan

216、dTarget 5.15.1.1 Overarching legal frameworks and public lifeLevelTrend5.1.1 Violence against womenLevelTrend5.1.1 Employment and economic benefitsLevelTrend5.1.1 Marriage and familyLevelTrendTarget met or almost metOn track or target metLevel assessmentLevel assessmentClose to targetMarginal progre

217、ss and significant acceleration neededModerate distance to targetModerate progress but acceleration neededFar from targetStagnationVery far from targetRegressionInsufficient dataInsufficient data26PROGRESS ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS Targets and indicatorsWorldSub-Saharan AfricaNorthern Afr

218、ica and Western AsiaTarget 5.25.2.1 Women and girls subjected to intimate partner violenceLevelTrend5.2.2 Sexual violence against women and girlsLevelTrendTarget 5.35.3.1 Child marriage among women and girlsLevelTrend5.3.2 Female genital mutilation/cuttingLevelTrendTarget 5.45.4.1 Ratio of unpaid do

219、mestic and care work,by sexLevelTrendTarget 5.55.5.1 Proportion of seats held by women in(a)national parliamentsLevelTrend5.5.1 Proportion of seats held by women in(b)local governmentsLevelTrend5.5.2 Women in managerial positionsLevelTrendTarget 5.65.6.1 Proportion of women and girls who make inform

220、ed decisions on reproductive healthLevelTrend5.6.2 Laws on equal access to reproductive health,information and educationLevelTrend27THE GENDER SNAPSHOT 2024Central and Southern AsiaEastern and South-Eastern AsiaLatin America and the CaribbeanOceania(excluding Australia and New Zealand)Europe and Nor

221、thern AmericaAustralia and New ZealandTrendTarget 5.45.4.1 Ratio of unpaid domestic and care work,by sexLevelTrendTarget 5.55.5.1 Proportion of seats held by women in(a)national parliamentsLevelTrend5.5.1 Proportion of seats held by women in(b)local governmentsLevelTrend5.5.2 Women in managerial pos

222、itionsLevelTrendTarget 5.65.6.1 Proportion of women and girls who make informed decisions on reproductive healthLevel5.6.2 Laws on equal access to reproductive health,information and educationLevelTrend28PROGRESS ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS Targets and indicatorsWorldSub-Saharan AfricaNorth

223、ern Africa and Western AsiaTarget 5.a5.a.1 Ownership or secure rights over agricultural land,by sexLevelTrend5.a.2 Laws that guarantee equal land rightsLevelTrendTarget 5.b5.b.1 Women who own a mobile phoneLevelTrend5.b.1 Men who own a mobile phoneLevelTrendTarget 5.c5.c.1 Countries with systems to

224、track gender equalityLevelTrendSources:UN-Women and United Nations Statistics Division,based on the latest available data and estimates as of 2024 provided by:the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs,Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,International Labour Org

225、anization,Inter-Parliamentary Union,International Telecommunication Union,International Union for Conservation of Nature,United Nations Childrens Fund,United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization,United Nations Population Fund,UN-Women and World Health Organization.Notes:Official

226、SDG indicator names have been condensed given space limitations.Global and regional averages were reported in The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2024 Statistical Annex and the United Nations SDG indicator database,unless otherwise specified.For full indicator names and descriptions,see the lis

227、t of gender-specific indicators below.SDG 5 has 14 official indicators;18 are assessed in the tracker given that indicators 5.1.1 and 5.5.1 have multiple subindicators.5.1.1:The trend assessment uses a baseline year of 2018 or later and is calculated per the United Nations Technical Note for Progres

228、s Assessment 2024.5.2.1:The average for the world is based on 157 countries with 90 per cent population coverage,sub-Saharan Africa is based on 39 countries with 94 per cent population coverage,Latin America and the Caribbean is based on 26 countries with 99 per cent population coverage,Oceania(excl

229、uding Australia and New Zealand)is based on 9 countries with 96 per cent population coverage,and Australia and New Zealand is based on 2 countries with 100 per cent population coverage.5.3.1:Covers women aged 20 to 24 years who were married or in a union before age 18.The trend assessment uses a bas

230、eline year of 2002 or later and is calculated per the United Nations Technical Note for Progress Assessment 2024.The average for the world is based on 113 countries with 82 per cent population coverage.Sub-Saharan Africa is based on 39 countries with 94 per cent population coverage,Northern Africa a

231、nd Western Asia is based on 12 countries with 72 per cent population coverage,Central and Southern Asia is based on 12 countries with 97 per cent population coverage,Latin America and the Caribbean is based on 18 countries with 58 per cent population coverage,and Oceania(excluding Australia and New

232、Zealand)is based on 7 countries with 96 per cent population coverage.5.3.2:The average for sub-Saharan Africa is based on 25 countries with 69 per cent population coverage.The average for Northern Africa and Western Asia covers Northern Africa only(2 countries and 65 per cent population coverage).Da

233、ta coverage is limited for Western Asia and other remaining regions,where the practice is marginal.The trend assessment uses a baseline year of 2001 or later and is calculated per the United Nations Technical Note for Progress Assessment 2024.29THE GENDER SNAPSHOT 2024Central and Southern AsiaEaster

234、n and South-Eastern AsiaLatin America and the CaribbeanOceania(excluding Australia and New Zealand)Europe and Northern AmericaAustralia and New ZealandTarget 5.b5.b.1 Women who own a mobile phoneLevelTrend5.b.1 Men who own a mobile phoneLevelTrendTarget 5.c5.c.1 Countries with systems to track gende

235、r equalityLevel5.4.1:The female-to-male ratio of time spent in unpaid care and domestic work for 93 countries is based on the latest available data in the Global SDG Indicator Database(2001 or later).The methodology and selection of age groups are based on criteria by the United Nations Statistics D

236、ivision.No trend assessment is available due to limited data.5.5.1(a):The trend assessment uses a baseline year of 2015 or later and is calculated per the United Nations Technical Note for Progress Assessment 2024.5.5.1(b):116 countries in the world are covered.The trend assessment uses a baseline y

237、ear of 2015 or later and is calculated per the United Nations Technical Note for Progress Assessment 2024.5.5.2:The trend assessment uses a baseline year of 2015 or later and is calculated per the United Nations Technical Note for Progress Assessment 2024.5.6.1:The average for the world is based on

238、69 countries with 46 per cent population coverage.Sub-Saharan Africa is based on 37 countries with 96 per cent population coverage,Central and Southern Asia is based on 9 countries with 92 per cent population coverage,Eastern and South-Eastern Asia is based on 5 countries and 8 per cent population c

239、overage,Latin America and the Caribbean is based on 7 countries with 12 per cent population coverage,and Oceania(excluding Australia and New Zealand)is based on 2 countries with 85 per cent population coverage.The average for Northern Africa and Western Asia covers Western Asia only(4 countries with

240、 3 per cent population coverage).The average for Europe and Northern America covers Europe only(5 countries with 5 per cent population coverage).5.b.1:The trend assessment uses a baseline year of 2013 or later and is calculated per the United Nations Technical Note for Progress Assessment 2024.As va

241、lues approach 100 per cent,the growth rate is expected to slow.This in part reflects the greater effort needed to extend coverage to hard-to-reach populations that have not already been reached.The lower growth rate as regions approach universal coverage results in a trend assessment of stagnation i

242、n some regions,such as Australia and New Zealand and Europe and Northern America.5.c.1:The trend assessment uses a baseline year of 2018 or later and is calculated per the United Nations Technical Note for Progress Assessment 2024.The data represent information reported by countries from 2018 to 202

243、1.For Northern Africa and Western Asia,the regional average should be interpreted with caution as it covers less than 50 per cent of the countries in the region.No regional aggregate for Australia and New Zealand is available.30PROGRESS ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS LIST OF GENDER-SPECIFIC IN

244、DICATORSGoal 1.End poverty in all its forms everywhereGender-specific indicators(5)1.1.1 Proportion of the population living below the international poverty line by sex,age,employment status and geographic location(urban/rural)1.2.1 Proportion of population living below the national poverty line,by

245、sex and age1.2.2 Proportion of men,women and children of all ages living in poverty in all its dimensions according to national definitions1.3.1 Proportion of population covered by social protection floors/systems,by sex,distinguishing children,unemployed persons,older persons,persons with disabilit

246、ies,pregnant women,newborns,work-injury victims and the poor and the vulnerable1.4.2 Proportion of total adult population with secure tenure rights to land,(a)with legally recognized documentation,and(b)who perceive their rights to land as secure,by sex and type of tenureGoal 2.End hunger,achieve fo

247、od security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agricultureGender-specific indicators(2)2.2.3 Prevalence of anaemia in women aged 15 to 49 years,by pregnancy status(percentage)2.3.2 Average income of small-scale food producers,by sex and indigenous statusGoal 3.Ensure healthy lives and pr

248、omote well-being for all at all agesGender-specific indicators(6)3.1.1 Maternal mortality ratio3.1.2 Proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel3.3.1 Number of new HIV infections per 1,000 uninfected population,by sex,age and key populations3.7.1 Proportion of women of reproductive age

249、(aged 1549 years)who have their need for family planning satisfied with modern methods3.7.2 Adolescent birth rate(aged 1014 years;aged 1519 years)per 1,000 women in that age group3.8.1 Coverage of essential health servicesGoal 4.Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong l

250、earning opportunities for allGender-specific indicators(8)4.1.1 Proportion of children and young people(a)in grades 2/3;(b)at the end of primary;and(c)at the end of lower secondary achieving at least a minimum proficiency level in(i)reading and(ii)mathematics,by sex4.2.1 Proportion of children aged

251、2459 months who are developmentally on track in health,learning and psychosocial well-being,by sex4.2.2 Participation rate in organized learning(one year before the official primary entry age),by sex31THE GENDER SNAPSHOT 20244.3.1 Participation rate of youth and adults in formal and non-formal educa

252、tion and training in the previous 12 months,by sex4.5.1 Parity indices(female/male,rural/urban,bottom/top wealth quintile and others such as disability status,indigenous peoples and conflict-affected,as data become available)for all education indicators on this list that can be disaggregated4.6.1 Pr

253、oportion of population in a given age group achieving at least a fixed level of proficiency in functional(a)literacy and(b)numeracy skills,by sex4.7.1 Extent to which(i)global citizenship education and(ii)education for sustainable development are mainstreamed in(a)national education policies;(b)curr

254、icula;(c)teacher education;and(d)student assessment4.a.1 Proportion of schools offering basic services,by type of serviceGoal 5.Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girlsGender-specific indicators(14)5.1.1 Whether or not legal frameworks are in place to promote,enforce and monitor equal

255、ity and non-discrimination on the basis of sex5.2.1 Proportion of ever-partnered women and girls aged 15 years and older subjected to physical,sexual or psychological violence by a current or former intimate partner in the previous 12 months,by form of violence and by age5.2.2 Proportion of women an

256、d girls aged 15 years and older subjected to sexual violence by persons other than an intimate partner in the previous 12 months,by age and place of occurrence5.3.1 Proportion of women aged 2024 years who were married or in a union before age 15 and before age 185.3.2 Proportion of girls and women a

257、ged 1549 years who have undergone female genital mutilation/cutting,by age5.4.1 Proportion of time spent on unpaid domestic and care work,by sex,age and location5.5.1 Proportion of seats held by women in(a)national parliaments and(b)local governments5.5.2 Proportion of women in managerial positions5

258、.6.1 Proportion of women aged 1549 years who make their own informed decisions regarding sexual relations,contraceptive use and reproductive health care5.6.2 Number of countries with laws and regulations that guarantee full and equal access to women and men aged 15 years and older to sexual and repr

259、oductive health care,information and education5.a.1(a)Proportion of total agricultural population with ownership or secure rights over agricultural land,by sex;and(b)share of women among owners or rights-bearers of agricultural land,by type of tenure5.a.2 Proportion of countries where the legal fram

260、ework(including customary law)guarantees womens equal rights to land ownership and/or control5.b.1 Proportion of individuals who own a mobile telephone,by sex5.c.1 Proportion of countries with systems to track and make public allocations for gender equality and womens empowermentGoal 6.Ensure availa

261、bility and sustainable management of water and sanitation for allNo gender-specific indicators Goal 7.Ensure access to affordable,reliable,sustainable and modern energy for allNo gender-specific indicators 32PROGRESS ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS Goal 8.Promote sustained,inclusive and sustain

262、able economic growth,full and productive employment and decent work for allGender-specific indicators(6)8.3.1 Proportion of informal employment in total employment,by sector and sex8.5.1 Average hourly earnings of female and male employees,by occupation,age and persons with disabilities8.5.2 Unemplo

263、yment rate,by sex,age and persons with disabilities8.7.1 Proportion and number of children aged 517 years engaged in child labour,by sex and age8.8.1 Frequency rates of fatal and non-fatal occupational injuries,by sex and migrant status8.8.2 Level of national compliance with labour rights(freedom of

264、 association and collective bargaining)based on International Labour Organization(ILO)textual sources and national legislation,by sex and migrant statusGoal 9.Build resilient infrastructure,promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovationNo gender-specific indicators Goal 10

265、.Reduce inequality within and among countriesGender-specific indicator(1)10.2.1 Proportion of people living below 50 per cent of median income,by sex,age and persons with disabilities10.3.1 Proportion of population reporting having personally felt discriminated against or harassed in the previous 12

266、 months on the basis of a ground of discrimination prohibited under international human rights lawGoal 11.Make cities and human settlements inclusive,safe,resilient and sustainableGender-specific indicators(3)11.2.1 Proportion of population that has convenient access to public transport,by sex,age a

267、nd persons with disabilities11.7.1 Average share of the built-up area of cities that is open space for public use for all,by sex,age and persons with disabilities11.7.2 Proportion of persons victim of physical or sexual harassment,by sex,age,disability status and place of occurrence,in the previous

268、12 monthsGoal 12.Ensure sustainable consumption and production patternsNo gender-specific indicatorsGoal 13.Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impactsGender-specific indicators(1)13.3.1 Extent to which(i)global citizenship education and(ii)education for sustainable development are m

269、ainstreamed in(a)national education policies;(b)curricula;(c)teacher education;and(d)student assessmentGoal 14.Conserve and sustainably use the oceans,seas and marine resources for sustainable developmentNo gender-specific indicators33THE GENDER SNAPSHOT 2024Note:The total number of indicators liste

270、d in the global indicator framework is 248.However,since some indicators repeat under different targets,the actual number of unique indicators is 231.Similarly,the total number of gender-specific indicators listed above is 54,but the total number of unique gender-specific indicators is 52.Goal 15.Pr

271、otect,restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems,sustainably manage forests,combat desertification,and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity lossNo gender-specific indicatorsGoal 16.Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development,provide acce

272、ss to justice for all and build effective,accountable and inclusive institutions at all levelsGender-specific indicators(6)16.1.1 Number of victims of intentional homicide per 100,000 population,by sex and age16.1.2 Conflict-related deaths per 100,000 population,by sex,age and cause16.2.2 Number of

273、victims of human trafficking per 100,000 population,by sex,age and form of exploitation16.2.3 Proportion of young women and men aged 1829 years who experienced sexual violence by age 1816.7.1 Proportions of positions in national and local public institutions,including(a)the legislatures;(b)the publi

274、c service;and(c)the judiciary,compared to national distributions,by sex,age,persons with disabilities and population groups16.7.2 Proportion of population who believe decision-making is inclusive and responsive,by sex,age,disability and population group16.b.1 Proportion of population reporting havin

275、g personally felt discriminated against or harassed in the previous 12 months on the basis of a ground of discrimination prohibited under international human rights lawGoal 17.Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the Global Partnership for Sustainable DevelopmentNo gender-specific i

276、ndicators TotalTotal indicators:231Gender-specific indicators:52Note to readerNotes and references The notes and references of The Gender Snapshot 2024 have been separately listed for each section and pub-lished on The Gender Snapshot 2024 website.See:https:/www.unwomen.org/en/resources/gender-snaps

277、hot.Data sources The values for most indicators in the report are regional and/or subregional aggregates.In general,figures are weighted averages,using the reference population as a weight,of national data produced by national statisti-cal systems and calculated by international agencies with specia

278、lized mandates.National data were frequently adjusted for comparability and,where lacking,were estimated.Although aggregate figures are convenient to track progress,the situations of individual countries within a giv-en region,and of population groups and geographical areas within a country,may vary

279、 significantly.Present-ing aggregate figures for all regions obscures the lack,in many parts of the world,of adequate data to assess national trends,and inform and monitor development policies.Given the emergence of new data and revised methodologies,data series presented in this report may not be c

280、omparable with previous ones.Regional groupings The Gender Snapshot 2024 presents data on progress towards achieving the SDGs worldwide and by various groups.Country groupings are based on geographic regions defined in the Standard Country of Area Codes for Statistical Use(known as M49)of the United

281、 Nations Statistics Division.The map below shows the geo-graphic regions.For the purpose of presentation,some regions have been combined.The text and figures present,to the extent possible,data for the least developed countries,landlocked develop-ing countries and small island developing States,all

282、of which are country groups requiring special attention.A complete list of countries in each region,subregion and country group is available at https:/unstats.un.org/sdgs/indicators/regional-groups/.The term“country”refers,as appropriate,to territories and areas.The designations employed and the pre

283、s-entation of the material in this report do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country,territory,city or area or of its authorities,or concern-ing the delimitation of frontiers or boundaries.Sub-Saharan AfricaNorth

284、ern Africa and Western AsiaEastern and South-Eastern AsiaCentral and Southern AsiaOceania excluding Australia and New ZealandEurope and Northern AmericaLatin America and the CaribbeanAustralia and New ZealandNote:The boundaries,names and designations used on this and other maps throughout this publi

285、cation do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.Acknowledgements Report lead:Papa Alioune Seck Report authors:Antra Bhatt,Guillem Fortuny Fillo,Farrah Frick,Yongyi Min,Heather Page,Natalia Tosi and Sokunpanha You Research assistance:Asha Meagher and Yunjoo Park Productio

286、n:Elisa Acevedo Hernndez,Claudia Itzkowich Schadower,Mika Mansukhani and Talita Mattos Reviewers and contributors:Aurlie Acoca(UN-Women),Abdoul Nasser Ahmed(UN-Women),Janette Amer(UN-Women),Julie Ballington(UN-Women),Ionica Berevoescu(UN-Women),Maija Bertule(UNEP-DHI),Paola Botta(OHCHR),Sarah Brun(U

287、N-Women),Laura Capobianco(UN-Women),Claudia Cappa(UNICEF),Paloma Carrillo(ILO),Pablo Castillo Daz(UN-Women),Jacques Charmes(UN-Women),Chiao-Ling Chien(UN-Women),Mara Isabel Cobos Hernandez(DESA),Raquel Coello-Cremades(UN-Women),Aya Dnmez (UNICEF),Rachel Dore-Weeks(UN-Women),Sara Duerto Valero(UN-Wom

288、en),Jessamyn Encarnacion(UN-Women),Michelle Gehrig(UN-Women),Paul Glennie(UNEP-DHI),Roger Gomis(ILO),Yonca Gurbuzer(FAO),Sophie Havyarimana(UN-Women),Sarah Hendriks(UN-Women),Shoko Ishikawa(UN-Women),Richard Paul Johnston(WHO),Dorian Kalamvrezos Navarro(FAO),Sneha Kaul(UN-Women),Sophie Kenneally (PA

289、RIS21),Clara Aida Khalil(FAO),Zohra Khan(UN-Women),Fatih Resul Kilinc(UN-Women),Mengjia Liang (UNFPA),Alasdair McWilliam(UNESCO),Nathan Menton(ITU),Hlne Molinier(UN-Women),Dennis Mwaniki (UN-Habitat),Valeria Nesterenko(ILO),Clara Park(FAO),Tanvi Patel(HelpAge International),Jos Pessoa (UNESCO),Ekate

290、rina Poleshchuk(UNEP),Tanya Primiani(UN-Women),Seemin Qayum(UN-Women),Roberta Quadrelli(IEA),Shahra Razavi(ILO),David Rausis(UNODC),LynnMarie Sardinha(WHO),Iris Sawalha(UN-Women),Leonardo Souza(DESA),Silke Staab(UN-Women),Laura Turquet(UN-Women),Iliana Vaca Trigo(DESA),Toni-Anne Vinell Stewart(UN-Wo

291、men)and Sara Viviani(FAO).Communications and outreach:Fareena Alam(UN-Women),Sharon Birch(DESA),Mara Blanco(UN-Women),Sarah Brun(UN-Women),Paloma Escudero(UN-Women),Ins Esteban Gonzlez(UN-Women),Eduardo Gmez(UN-Women),Marisa Grattan(UN-Women),Francyne Harrigan(DESA),Anu Hautalampi(UN-Women),Clea Hou

292、se(UN-Women),Janine Kandel(UN-Women),Russel G.Kogan(UN-Women),Yasmine Oubahi(UN-Women),Helen Rosengren(DESA),Alison Rowe(UN-Women),Urjasi Rudra(UN-Women)and Mara Snchez Aponte(UN-Women).Suggested citation:UN-Women and DESA.2024.Progress on the Sustainable Development Goals:The Gender Snapshot 2024.N

293、ew York:UN-Women and DESA.UN-Women and United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs,Statistics Division 2024 All rights reserved.Link to online report and references:https:/www.unwomen.org/en/resources/gender-snapshot.The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and d

294、o not necessarily represent the views of UN-Women,the United Nations or any of its affiliated organizations.The designations employed and the pres-entation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations concerning the legal

295、 status of any country,territory,city or area or of its authorities,or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.For a list of any errors or omissions found subsequent to the report launch please visit our website.PDF ISBN:9789211067248 Online ISSN:3005-2734 Produced by:UN-Women Res

296、earch and Data Section Copy editor:Gretchen Luchsinger Design:Blossom.it 220 East 42nd Street New York,NY 10017,USAunwomen.org Division,UN Department of Economic and Social Affairsunstats.un.org unstats.un.org/sdgs on the Sustainable Development Goals:The Gender Snapshot 2024 is the latest edition i

297、n an annual series produced by UN-Women and the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs.Covering all 17 Goals,the report highlights new data and evidence on gender equality trends and gaps.It finds that the world is still falling short on its commitments to women and girls.There are

298、 some points of light.They include declining poverty,narrowing of gender gaps in education and a push for positive legal reforms.Yet just six years before the 2030 deadline for the Goals,not a single indicator under the gender equality Goal has been fully achieved.Ending extreme poverty among women

299、could take 137 more years at the current rate of change.No country has all relevant laws to prohibit discrimination,prevent gender-based violence,uphold equal rights in marriage and divorce,guarantee equal pay,and provide full access to sexual and reproductive health.Gender parity in parliaments may

300、 not be reached before 2063.The report stresses the high cost of not investing in womens rights,and calls attention to proven solutions that benefit women,girls and entire societies.It champions radical action to shift the current trajectory and dramatically accelerate progress on gender equality and womens rights.PROGRESS ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS THE GENDER SNAPSHOT 2024