《Team Sweden：2024塑造公路貨運行業的未來報告：瑞典全球顧問的專業知識如何實現公路運輸未來智能化、綠色化（英文版）（17頁）.pdf》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關《Team Sweden：2024塑造公路貨運行業的未來報告：瑞典全球顧問的專業知識如何實現公路運輸未來智能化、綠色化（英文版）（17頁）.pdf（17頁珍藏版）》請在三個皮匠報告上搜索。

1、How Swedish expertise can unlock a greener and smarter future for road freight transportSHAPING THE FUTURE OF ROAD FREIGHTEXECUTIVE GLOBAL INSIGHT DECEMBER 2024BUSINESS SWEDEN|SHAPING THE FUTURE OF ROAD FREIGHT|2EXECUTIVE SUMMARYPARTNERSHIPS KEY TO ELECTRIC AND DIGITALLY-POWERED ROAD FREIGHT The fre

2、ight industry is a cornerstone of the transportation sector due to its pivotal role in transport logistics,infrastructure,as well as environmental impact.The EU,US,China,and India are some of the largest road freight markets and major contributors to global emissions from the freight industry.Simult

3、aneously,these regions are launching several initiatives to accelerate the decarbonisation and digital transformation of the sector,driven by significant engagement from both the trucking industry and the public sector when it comes to infrastructure development.Accelerating the transition from a tr

4、aditional and conservative industry with tight margins to a connected and intelligent ecosystem is essential for the future of road freight transport.This Executive Global Insight examines the main factors driving this transformation.Industry dialogues highlight four key chal-lenges for the road fre

5、ight sector:high emissions,road safety,cost pressures and operational effi-ciency,alongside the importance of public policy and infrastructure.These challenges are prompting a transformation of the industry,which opens up new opportuni-ties for Swedish companies who can speed up decar-bonisation eff

6、orts,develop charging infrastructure,deploy vehicle-to-infrastructure connectivity,as well as enable data sharing and interoperability.The interviews emphasise the need for collabo-rative business models and proactive engagement in joint investments across the value chain to drive this transformatio

7、n.To capture these opportunities in shifting value chains,Swedish companies need to adopt a multi-stakeholder approach.Gathering stakeholders across the value chain has been instrumental to Swedens leadership in electrification and digitalised transport.There is now an opportunity to build on this t

8、radition of triple helix collaboration and expand the approachglobally.ABOUT THE STUDYThis report provides insights on business opportuni-ties for Swedish companies that want to strengthen their position in the global transport ecosystem for road freight,highlighting current developments in four key

9、 geographies:the EU,US,China,and India.The aim of the report is not to compare the markets but rather outline the industrys transformation and how Swedish companies should adapt to emerging business models.The findings are based on interviews with 12 international transport industry associations and

10、 market experts representing different parts of the transport value chain,as well as eight representa-tives of the Swedish transport industry.The insights were gathered by Business Swe-dens global energy and transport specialists who interviewed key stakeholders including Swedish business leaders an

11、d industry organisations in the respective markets.Based on the consolidated findings of the inter-views,Business Sweden recommends five strategic actions for navigating the emerging global eco-system in the road freight sector.Decarbonisation Charging infrastructure Digital connectivity Data sharin

12、g and interoperability Multi-stakeholder approach Collaborative business modelsShifting roles in the value chain Industry challengesHigh CO2emissionsRoad safetyCost pressures and operational efficiencyPublic policy and infrastructureKeydevelopmentsOpportunityoverviewKEY CHALLENGES,TRENDS,AND OPPORTU

13、NITIESSource:Business SwedenBUSINESS SWEDEN|SHAPING THE FUTURE OF ROAD FREIGHT|3KEY TAKEAWAYS Global road freight has more than doubled in volume since 2000 and will remain the dominant transport mode.Reducing emissions tops todays agenda among globaltransportplayers.Swedish companies can leverage t

14、heir expertise in digitalisation,such as route optimisation,vehicle connectivity,anddata analytics,to help trucking companies improve operationalefficiency and reduce costs.Co-innovation is taking centre stage opening up new opportunities for Swedish technology providers.Partnering up with stakehold

15、ers such as public infrastructure authorities,road operators,and grid operators is key to speed up electrification and connectivity.Swedish players are well-positioned but need to prepare for tomorrows road freight value chain to stay competitive.Inland freight is mainly carried by trucks,highlighti

16、ng the dominance of road transport in the EUs logistics sector.Emission reduction and road safety are core focus areas.The EU is seeing a notable shift to electrification,driven by ambitious policies and increas-ing sales of electric trucks.Strong focus on road safety has driven investments towards

17、infrastructure digitalisation and V2X connectivity.Trucking is the dom-inant form of freight transport in the US thanks to an extensive road network,sup-ported by significant public and private investments.While the electric truck market is still in its infancy,there is a clear upward trend.The Alte

18、rnative Fuels Corridor Program(AFC)and stricter emissions standards for heavy-duty vehicles signal strong policy support for the transition to zero-emission trucks.Growing calls for improved road safety have pushed deployment of V2X technologies to enable vehi-cle-to-infrastructure connectivity.Indi

19、as road freight sector is a rapidly growing market where major investments in road infrastructure are driving demand for efficient and sustainable transport solutions.Zero-emission vehicle adoption is gaining traction although electric truck volumes are still relatively low.Initiatives like the Bhar

20、at Zero Emission Trucking(ZET)Policy Advisory and Electric Freight Accelerator for Sustainable Transport play a pivotal role.The deployment of intelligent transport systems is still at an early stage,but OEMs are increasingly adopting on-board diagnostic devices in vehicles for advanced ITS features

21、.Chinas road freight industry accounts for a substantial share of global road transport demand.China is leading the deployment of electric trucks as well as related charging infrastructure.In addition,the government has actively supported battery swapping as a solution to reduce electricity needs.On

22、going deployment of C-V2X infrastruc-ture and 5G network coverage in pilot areas.By 2035,the digitalisation of infrastructure should reach 90%.SPOTLIGHT ON FOUR MARKETS BUSINESS SWEDEN|SHAPING THE FUTURE OF ROAD FREIGHT|4Global road freight volumes have more than doubled since 2000 and are expected

23、to remain the dominating mode of transport in the future,especially within medium and short-haul transport due to investments in road network expansion.This has provided higher flexibility for road freight operations compared to alternative modes of transport.The sector plays a significant role in t

24、he global freight sector,accounting for approximately a 20 per cent share of tonne-kilometers in the over-all freight transport landscape.Europe,the US,China and India account for about two thirds of the total road freight volume 1.Often perceived as a traditional and old-fash-ioned sector character

25、ised by tight margins and lack of innovation,road freight is now experienc-ing a transformation.Decarbonisation,cost pressures,operational efficiency,and road safety are prompting industry players to rethink their value chains,partnerships and business models.This ongoing transforma-tion opens up ne

26、w opportunities in fields where Swedish companies are well-positioned to acceler-ate change.HIGH CO2 EMISSIONSWhile freight transport is crucial for the global economy,it also contrib-utes heavily to greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions.Road freight accounts for around 9 per cent of global emissions of whic

27、h more than half comes from the US,EU,China and India.When looking at heavy-duty vehicles as a percentage of global transport emissions,they account for 24 per cent.To be compliant with the Net Zero Emissions by 2050 2 Scenario and the International Energy Agency recommendations,road freight transpo

28、rt should already now adopt zero emission vehicles such as hydrogen and fuel cell electric vehicles.3While truck original equipment manufactur-ers(OEMs)are set to reach lower CO2 emission targets by accelerating production of zero-emis-sion vehicles,transport operators still struggle with operating

29、their electric fleets efficiently due to lack of charging infrastructure.Besides this,the main barriers for electric truck adoption are often related to grid infrastructure,access,and upgrade of grid networks,battery range and charging time,as well as high upfront costs.INTRODUCTIONTIME TO RETHINK T

30、HE ROAD FREIGHT ECOSYSTEM GLOBAL SHARE OF ROAD FREIGHT VOLUME PER REGIONEUROPE11%2,278 TKMCHINA31%6,677 TKMUSA14%2,954 TKMINDIA11%2,436 TKM Decarbonising Road Freight:Getting into Gear()The Net Zero Emissions by 2050 Scenario(NZE Scenario)is a normative scenario set by the International Energy Agenc

31、y www.iea.org/energy-system/transport/trucks-and-busesBUSINESS SWEDEN|SHAPING THE FUTURE OF ROAD FREIGHT|5Sweden aims to achieve net zero emissions by 2045 at the latest,with the goal of achieving negative emissions thereafter.This means that greenhouse gas emissions from the transport sector must b

32、e reduced to zero by 2045.To accelerate the transition to electrified trans-port,the Swedish Government has established a Commission for Electrification.In 2021,the Elec-trification Commission introduced electrification pledges,with 252 public and private entities com-mitting to accelerate the elect

33、rification of regional freight transport.5Meanwhile,Swedish OEMs such as Volvo Group and Scania have been at the forefront of developing zero-emission vehicles,making substantial investments in electric vehicle technology.These efforts have jumpstarted the transformation of value chains,with supplie

34、rs increasingly providing technologies related to zero-emission vehicles.COST PRESSURE&OPERATIONALEFFICIENCYWages are rising due to shortage of drivers.Fuel costs are up,and invest-ments in green solutions require capital.These are just a few examples of the cost pressures being felt in the road fre

35、ight sector.The trucking industry alone accounts for 43 per cent of total logistics costs globally.For freight operations 30-40 per cent of the total cost of operations is related to driving activity.Moreover,the sector is fragmented with many small operators,resulting in inefficiencies in vehi-cle

36、utilisation,as trucks often operate below their capacity,which wastes resources and ultimately pushes up costs.That is why cost mitigation through opera-tional efficiency is crucial.The interviews high-light that due to the pressure in increasing mar-gins and profitability,the freight industry is co

37、ntinuously looking for efficiency and ROI opportunities.This makes the trucking industry highly interested in optimising routes and logistics through digitalisation and ultimately going auton-omous,although the interviewed industry stake-holders agree that the road to fully autonomous driving is sti

38、ll long.Collecting and using vehicle data is gold mine for companies to reach operational efficiency.As of today,truck connectivity and analytics are typ-ically not deployed yet for operations manage-ment.Many companies in the road freight sector have yet to fully leverage technology to optimise the

39、ir operations.Without proper data analysis and connectivity,freight companies struggle to con-solidate shipments effectively and plan efficient routes,preventing them to decrease fuel consump-tion and emissions.ROAD SAFETYAs heavy vehicles are involved in 15 per cent of all annual road transport fat

40、alities,safety is one of the main challenges facing the road freight sector.Driver behaviour and poor road conditions are some of the main issues causing accidents on roads,which not only impacts society but also increases costs for freight operators.To address these issues,trucks are being equipped

41、 with new safety features and driver alertness systems that reduce the risk of accidents caused by drivers.Making real-time traffic infor-mation available to road authorities is also cru-cial,so they can ensure safety on road networks and optimise traffic flow.To achieve this,digi-talisation of traf

42、fic management is needed.This includes communication technologies for road infrastructure that enables continuous monitoring of traffic conditions,accidents,violation of traf-fic rules,weather conditions,and informing users about potential road hazards in real time.This data from road networks is ga

43、thered and owned by road operators and is used for dynamic routing applications that provide the most efficient routes based on road,traffic and weather conditions.Sweden was the first country to establish a Vision Zero strategy with the ambitious goal of eliminating road traffic deaths and serious

44、inju-ries.Since the initiative was launched in 1995,dif-ferent stakeholders have been proactively working towards the goal of zero fatalities and injuries on roads.6 This has accelerated the implementation of advanced technologies on roadsides managed by the Swedish Road Authority and local municipa

45、li-ties,to improve safety using modern infrastructure.“In transport and logistics,the margins are quite low,so companies must innovate and evolve to remain in the industry and stay competitive.”Representative of a European industry associationGLOBAL CO2 EMISSIONS FROM HEAVY VEHICLES IN THE NET ZERO

46、SCENARIO,2000203002004006008001,0001,2001,4001,6001,8002,0002,2002,4002014201520152017201820002020 20212022 2030f2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20102011201220132019BusesMedium Freight TrucksHeavy Freight TrucksMt CO2 Global CO2 emissions from trucks and buses in the Net Zero Scenario,2

47、000-2030,IEA Sweden mobilises to electrify regional freight transport,Government.se This is Vision Zero,trafikverket.seBUSINESS SWEDEN|SHAPING THE FUTURE OF ROAD FREIGHT|6PUBLIC POLICY AND INFRASTRUCTUREThe pace of deployment of new technologies in the road freight sector will largely depend on how

48、quickly road operators,authorities and grid operators can approve and adapt the infrastructure,meaning not only phys-ical roads but also digital and data components,along with legal and institutional frameworks.As truck OEMs invest in connected and auton-omous driving,the road infrastructure must be

49、 adapted to enable the vehicles to drive on the roadnetwork.With the transformation towards autonomous vehicles(AVs),well-maintained roads with clear markings and reliable surfaces become crucial.Cur-rent maintenance standards often do not account for AVs,making high-quality road management paramoun

50、t.Lane lines and other road markings are vital for AV navigation but degrade over time and lack consistent international standards.Data exchange also requires an infrastruc-ture that can collect,organise and communicate information to vehicle users.The amount of data available is massive,but it can

51、only be useful if the right infrastructure is in place to process and make sense of it.The laws and regulations governing highway use were created before autonomous vehicles(AVs)existed and assume a human driver.Asnew technologies become more common,governments must update these laws to accom-modate

52、 them.AVs face unique regulatory challenges including privacy issues,that con-ventional vehicles do not,requiring a holistic approach tolawmaking.7Coordinated action is needed by policymak-ers and infrastructure operators,who will need to develop new capabilities,acquire new skills,and collaborate w

53、ith new partners to address the various types of infrastructure:physical,digital,andlegal.“For road operators and authorities,it is about having an opportunity to try something new,do things differently and more efficiently,it means change management in a conservative industry.”Representative of a S

54、wedish automotive software company ITF,Preparing Infrastructure for Automated Vehicles,ITF Research Report,OECD Publishing,Paris(2023)BUSINESS SWEDEN|SHAPING THE FUTURE OF ROAD FREIGHT|7The road freight industry is undergoing significant changes driven by the challenges outlined in the previous chap

55、ter.The stakeholders interviewed for this study underscore development needs in four key areas.DECARBONISATION In the pursuit of climate neutrality,commitment and governmental support are essential to decarbonise the road freight sector.This requires streamlined national and regional strategies that

56、 are aligned with industry needs and objectives.In the EU,stringent CO2 standards for heavy-duty vehicles have been established,with reduction targets designed to accelerate the transition.Some effects are already seen in the region:in 2023,adoption of electric chargeable trucks increased by 51.6 pe

57、r cent,reaching a market share of 1.9 per cent in the first half of 2024,compared to 1.3 per cent in 2022.Germany accounted for 53 per cent of the EUs sales of electric chargeable trucks,registering a market increase of 113.9 per cent.8Looking at the US market,the transition to zero-emission vehicle

58、s(ZEVs)is critical to reach carbon reduction goals,as over 60 per cent of goods are transported via trucks in the country.Significant funding from federal legislature in the US like the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law International industry experts and Swedish transport players highlight four key area

59、s to successfully transform the road freight sector.Heresa snapshot of the latest developments.(BIL)and the Inflation Reduction Act(IRA)is accelerating the trucking industrys move to ZEVs.However,a common view among the inter-viewed stakeholders in the US is that policy is moving faster than the ind

60、ustry can keep up with.The recent US presidential election may also affect the policies around electrification.China is by far leading the electric truck mar-ket accounting for approx.70%of global sales in 2023.Chinese OEMs also produce the larg-est number of battery-electric heavy-duty vehicles wit

61、h several models available,indicating a grow-ing maturity of the market 9.In August 2024,India launched the“Bharat Zero Emission Trucking(ZET)Policy Advi-sory”as a roadmap to accelerate the transition to zero-emission trucks.India has a target of 100 per cent zero emission truck penetration by 2050

62、to achieve Indias Net Zero 2070 goal 10.According to the interviewed stakeholders,projects focused on sustainability are driven by the Indian gov-ernment;although private actors are setting their own targets and taking measures including adop-tion of EVs.A common thread in all markets is to make mor

63、e funds available to support projects contrib-uting to the green transition,including the decar-bonisation of heavy-duty sector,and to build out charging infrastructure.FOUR CORNERSTONES TO UNLOCK CHANGEKEY DEVELOPMENTS“Air quality data is a focus of EU policies.The EU Green Deal will suggest the ad

64、op-tion of in-vehicle applications for real-time mon-itoring of CO2 emissions,and similar measure-ment tools will be used also on road infrastruc-ture and by local authorities and municipalities.”Representative of a European industry associationNUMBER OF ELECTRIC TRUCK REGISTRATIONS BY REGION Thousa

65、nds,20202023202020212022202318K20K40K54KOtherUSAEuropeChina New commercial vehicle registrations,European Union(ACEA)Trends in heavy electric vehicles(IEA)Bharat Zero Emission Trucking(ZET)Policy AdvisorySource:Electric truck registrations and sales share by region,20152023(IEA)BUSINESS SWEDEN|SHAPI

66、NG THE FUTURE OF ROAD FREIGHT|8CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURERoad networks play a vital role in supporting EV adoption by providing charging infrastructure along major transport routes,distribution centers,and logistics hubs.The availability of well-distributed and relia-ble EV charging and grid network is

67、 essential to address range anxiety and ensure seamless opera-tions for electric commercial vehicles.Europe is facing challenges in matching the charging network with the current fleet size,result-ing in the urgent need to strategically plan the expansion of charging infrastructure,and private actor

68、s are leading the way.For example,Milence,established in July 2022 as a joint venture between Daimler Truck,the TRATON Group,and Volvo Group,has committed to build 1,700 high-perfor-mance public charging points in Europe by 2027.In the US,the Federal Highway Administra-tion(FHWA),through its Alterna

69、tive Fuels Corri-dor(AFC)programme,is facilitating deployment of charging networks.The FHWA designates an inter-state network of facilities for charging or refuelling vehicles using alternative fuels(e.g.EV charging or hydrogen refuelling).This pro-gramme takes a network approach based on the collab

70、oration between public and private part-ners for the deployment of refuelling infrastruc-ture across multiple jurisdictions.Additionally,in March 2024 the government released the National Zero-Emission Freight Corridor Strategy to accel-erate the deployment of zero-emission freight net-work across t

71、he US by 2040.China is a global leader in the development of charging infrastructure for trucks.The Chinese government has actively supported battery swap-ping as a solution to reduce electricity needs and,in 2021,a two-year pilot project was launched on battery swapping.The infrastructure developme

72、nt in India is also primarily driven by the government,with the per-ception of offering limited returns on investment for private companies.Challenges in the market include high costs to set up charging depots,inter-net stability across suburban and rural areas,high tariffs at charging stations and

73、range anxiety,in all resulting in low volumes of electric trucks.To address this challenge,India launched a national freight platform,Electric Freight Acceler-ator for Sustainable Transport(e-FAST),to facili-tate collaboration between government stakehold-ers and private sector partners including OE

74、Ms,Logistics Service Providers,financers,and charge point operators.The aim of the platform is to accelerate freight electrification through a collabo-rative approach.11Grid Capacity One of the main barriers in charging infrastructure relates to limited grid capacity and fluctuation in electricity p

75、rices.Another is the time to upgrade the grid network and the process for gaining access.Transport stakeholders in Europe highlight six main areas to address the issues:Usage of batteries to balance the grid Improving charging point resilience Balancing the grid loan Collaboration between actors int

76、hevaluechain Optimising existing electricity supplyanddemand Data sharing to boost predictability In customer cases of charging depots at terminals,smart usage of the facilities allocated electricity is also paramount to avoid peaks and related costs.In the EU,the European Commission mandates the pr

77、ovision of recharging and refuelling infra-structure in the Fit for 55 package,highlighting the need for coordinated cross-jurisdictional approaches to overcome barriers like grid capacity and permit-ting processes.Solutions to balance the grid load are tested in the US,EU,and China,through the adop

78、tion of elec-tric road systems(ERS),which allow for the trans-fer of electricity between moving vehicles and roads.This type of infrastructure is cost-effective thanks to the potential reduction of battery size for heavy-duty vehicles,and the possibility to avoid stops on the road.In addition,public

79、-private partnerships are being cho-sen as a successful way of encouraging the adoption of zero emission vehicles,while mitigating the finan-cial risk of low utilisation in early adoption phases through concession agreements paired with road-pric-ing measures.12Operations and Finance Electric trucks

80、 come with high up-front costs and total cost of ownership(TCO),compounded by operational and financial uncertainties.High costs and range anxiety,as well as worries about battery performance fluctuations caused by weather condi-tions were highlighted as obstacles in the transition.These challenges

81、arise from grid network limita-tions,a lack of route planning tools,and the need for logistics companies to alter their operational pat-terns when electrifying their fleets.Additionally,transforming fleets to electric also requires a mind-set shift among customers of logistics companies,as they need

82、 to adjust expectations.As such,tighter collaboration and continuous dialogue between shippers and their suppliers is key to ensure effective use of zero-emission vehicles.“In India,for heavy duty vehi-cle manufacturers in EV segments,a key customer base is still the government,driving most of the p

83、rojects in the sustainability area.However,private players are also gradu-ally coming up with their own targets to reduce emissions,hence adopting EVs in their facilities and other opera-tions.”Representative of OEM in India“No single stakeholder can move the eco-system.Policies are focused on suppo

84、rting small transport players,while in the fu-ture we will need to manage fleets in a more holistic way.Policies need to incentivise new business models.”Representative of EU industry association What is e-FAST?(e-FAST India)ITF,ITF Transport Outlook 2023,OECD Publishing,Paris(2023)BUSINESS SWEDEN|S

85、HAPING THE FUTURE OF ROAD FREIGHT|9DIGITAL CONNECTIVITY There is a common view among road authorities and industry stakeholders that digitalisation of transport will greatly impact road infrastructure management.Two main areas were highlighted by the inter-viewed stakeholders:Digitalisation of traff

86、ic management,includinginfrastructure information Digitalisation of infrastructure managementToday,highways have already integrated Intelligent Transport Systems(ITS)for smart traffic manage-ment to optimise traffic flow.The next step involves creating an ecosystem where roads communicate with conne

87、cted and autonomous vehicles to facilitate their operation.Interviewees in the EU highlighted geofencing as an effective method to digitalise road informa-tion.Geofencing creates a virtual boundary to enforce digital traffic regulations within specific areas,enhancing safety by allowing vehicles to

88、automatically adjust speed and driving mode based on GPS location.This technology enables real-time sharing of regulations with connected vehicles,ensuring compliance in zones with high pedestrian and cyclist traffic.It also supports autonomous vehicle responses to these regulations,promoting safer

89、driving practices.Data is essential for geofenc-ing,with future plans to download necessary data into vehicles as they enter designated areas.13Interviewees in all markets commented on the increased focus on enabling real-time communica-tion between vehicles and infrastructure,which is expected to h

90、ave a significant impact on road safety.Road operators have therefore become increasingly interested in the deployment of vehicle-to-everything(V2X)technologies as a tool to improve traffic safety and efficiency.For the automotive sector,V2X is con-sidered a crucial step in the transition to fully a

91、utono-mous vehicles.Further on,road operators see opportunities in uti-lising connected vehicle data to digitalise their asset management operations,such as predictive main-tenance.This includes road status monitoring and applications to analyse data and build predictive mod-els to better understand

92、 how transport and logistics impact road infrastructure,and how road operators should plan infrastructure maintenance based on use.According to the interviewed experts,the EU has taken a leading position in the deployment of V2X in the past decade,thanks to various EU-funded projects,such as the C-R

93、oads platform active since 2016,in which different EU member states,road operators and European OEMs have joined forces to establish an integrated and interoperable C-ITS network across country borders.Sweden is one of the countries in the EU where the local road authority aims to play an active rol

94、e in building the ecosystem for digital services.This is illustrated by the recently published and updated roadmap for a digitalised road transport system,emphasising the Swedish Transport Administra-tions interest and vision for the digitalised road transport system 14.In addition,with a strong bac

95、kground in the tel-ecommunications sector with global leaders such as Ericsson,Sweden has been at the forefront of devel-oping 5G technology.This has further set the ground for the development of vehicle-to-everything(V2X)communication technologies in the transport sector.“There is a big need to dig

96、italise road information it will be as important as roadasphalt in the future.”Representative of Swedish automotive software company Geofencing:A new tool to make urban transport safer and more sustainable?European Commission Roadmap Digitalisation of the Road Transport System(2024)KARNATAKA,INDIA“T

97、he concept of vehicle-road coordi-nation involves the vehicle and the road working together to handle problems encountered during driving.A single vehicle cannot solve this issue on its own and would benefit from information provided by the road to make more effective and safer decisions.”Public bod

98、y in ChinaBUSINESS SWEDEN|SHAPING THE FUTURE OF ROAD FREIGHT|10Another driving force for V2X deployment in the EU is the European New Car Assessment Program(Euro NCAP)which rates vehicle safety,underlining how vehicle connectivity can increase safety in road environments.The programme assigns a scor

99、e based on the safety level of vehicles,where V2X plays a central role.According to the Euro NCAP 2025 roadmap,V2X features will be required to achieve a five-star NCAP rating after 2024.This will involve not only passenger cars in 2023,a new Truck Safety Scheme was launched to help the heavy vehicl

100、e industry reach vision zero 15.While not yet legally binding,the Euro NCAP rating will be used in the EUs future vehicle safetyregulations.The interest in deploying V2X technologies in the US has been slower compared to Europe.According to the interviewed stakeholders,the US has been investing heav

101、ily in road infrastruc-ture but needs software to match.These need to be integrated and planned into infrastructure instead of being an after-thought following con-struction.Recent investments from the govern-ment,however,indicate an increased focus on this area,especially when it comes to enhancing

102、 road safety.For example,the US Department of Trans-portations Federal Highway Administration(FHWA)announced in June 2024 an invest-ment of USD 60 million in grants under the Saving Lives with Connectivity:Accelerating V2X Deployment programme to accelerate V2X deployment through federal,public,and

103、private collaboration in three states;Arizona,Texas,and Utah.The goal is to create a safe,efficient,equi-table,and sustainable transport system by ena-bling vehicle-to-vehicle communication and with roadside infrastructure.One of the milestones is to achieve 50 per cent deployment of V2X on the Nati

104、onal Highway System and in 40 per cent on the nations intersections by 2031.16In China,the priorities for digitalisation of road infrastructure are related to solving traffic congestion issues.For example,the Chinese gov-ernment plans to invest 30 billion yuan to carry out digital transformation wor

105、k on key congested road sections.The country aims to reach a digi-talisation rate for transport infrastructure of 90%by 2035.China is also refining its legislation on Intel-ligent Transportation Systems(ITS),with the government issuing plans and guidelines to pro-mote smart transport.The“National V2

106、X Indus-try Standard System Construction Guide”and the“V2X Industry Development Action Plan”are promoting autonomous driving technology in the country,highlighting the governments recogni-tion of the importance of digitalisation for mod-ern transport systems.17In India,the government is currently wo

107、rking on encouraging ITS deployment across Indian cities.Multiple initiatives are underway includ-ing Intelligent Transportation System Endeavor(InTranSE),a programme aiming at conducting R&D collaboratively with academia and industry players in the country.Challenges to deployment include lack of I

108、TS standards across regions;these currently vary by region and by provider.“The relationship between transport users and infra-structure providers becomes crucial to enable connected and automated transport.Europeis currently leading in this development.”Representative of EU industry association“New

109、 skills and a different mindset are needed when investing in data as infrastructure.Current policies and funding are not set up for that.You need to go outside the box of the stand-ard approach and incorporate technolo-gy tools in planning,construction and operations.”US Industry Association Euro NC

110、AP,Timeline Saving Lives with Connectivity:A Plan to Accelerate V2X Deployment(U.S.Department of Transportation)Business Perspectives on Vehicleto-Network-to-Everything(V2N2X)Deployments(5GAA)SHANGHAI,CHINABUSINESS SWEDEN|SHAPING THE FUTURE OF ROAD FREIGHT|11DATA SHARING AND INTEROPERABILITY While a

111、ccess to vehicle and road traffic information is increasing,the challenge remains in data sharing and interoper-ability as well as business models.There is a need for better cooperation among stakeholders in the ecosystem to apply information management in an efficient way and define a roadmap for i

112、nteroperability.Globally,the freight transport industry is expe-riencing significant advances in data sharing and interoperability.These developments are driven by the need for increased efficiency,safety,and sus-tainability.Enhanced data sharing mechanisms allow for real-time tracking and monitorin

113、g of freight,leading to improved logistics management and reduced operational costs.By sharing traffic and infrastructure data,freight companies can simplify route and opera-tional planning,leading to increased efficiency.Additionally,improved connectivity allows com-panies to gain a better understa

114、nding of customer needs,which further enhances route planning and overall service delivery.In 2023,the EU adopted Directive 2023/2661 to address new road mobility options,mobility apps,and connected and autonomous mobility.The directive aims to accelerate the deployment of intelligent services by ma

115、ndating that crucial road,travel,and traffic data such as speed limits,traffic circulation plans,and roadworks are made available in digital format.Additionally,itensures that essential safety-related services are accessible to drivers along the TEN-T network.18The EU has also launched various cross

116、-border programmes to solve interoperability challenges,with the aim to address border crossings for auto-mated vehicles,now conducted by human drivers.An example of these cross-border initiatives is the MODI project,a multi-stakeholder public-private partnership involving 34 organisations from eigh

117、t different EU countries.The goal is to experiment with the interaction between vehicles and logis-tics processes,traffic safety,security,optimal utili-sation of infrastructure capacity and environment,in order to provide recommendations for optimal design or adaptations of infrastructure 19.The int

118、erviewed stakeholders highlight the importance of bringing together different players,including OEMs,authorities,and freight provid-ers to agree on standardisation.Interoperability between systems is improving,enhancing communication and coordination among transport operators,regulatory bodies,and c

119、ustomers.This integration optimises routes,reduces delays,and ensures compliance with international standards.Advanced technologies like IoT,blockchain,and AI are revolutionising the industry by ensuring secure data exchanges and fostering a connected,resilient global supplychain.However,a big chall

120、enge is that the automotive industry does not always see how interoperability and data sharing technologies can increase prof-its,and therefore are cautious.The most common business models that are emerging are subscrip-tion-based or license-based ITS and data-sharing services.To be efficient,these

121、operations require the support of collaborative platforms that can connect different types of stakeholders and data.Another concern is that digitalisation and exchange of data raises legal concerns,and thatinternational regulations will have to play a fundamental role to enable the use of digitalinf

122、ormation.The interviewed stakeholders in the US point out that several lawsuits are ongoing where OEMshave sold collected information.Mean-while,the insurance industry is raising concerns about how to evaluate data-driven technologies,asthey lack proof of how new technologies per-form on the roads.C

123、hina is currently developing specifications standards for information exchange in road traffic management based on vehicle-road collaboration.This standard specifies the application architec-ture,functional requirements,interaction inter-faces,and information content used in road traf-fic management

124、 centre systems,based on Internet of Vehicles(IoV)and vehicle-road coordination technologies.Interviews in India highlight the current lack of standard protocols and regulations when it comes to data sharing between transport operators or between states.Although the industry play-ers recognise the i

125、mportance of data sharing to improve efficiency and sustainability in transport operations,the lack of know-how and the frag-mented state of the countrys transport sector are highlighted as key barriers to implementation of common standards.“Business mod-els are changing completely with new technolo

126、gy and data;a sup-plier can become a customer and an end-customer can change role completely New roles are created in the ecosystem,while some might dis-appear More public-private partnerships will evolve.”Representative of Swedish transport programme“OEMs are trying to sell their own data they are

127、switching to a mentality of a software company rather than vehi-cle manufacturer,which will affect the value chain.”Representative of Swedish automotive software company ITS Directive and Action Plan(European Commission)MODI ProjectBUSINESS SWEDEN|SHAPING THE FUTURE OF ROAD FREIGHT|12OPPORTUNITY OVE

128、RVIEWBRINGING SWEDISH CO-LAB TO GLOBAL MARKETS As collaborative business models gain attention in global road freight,Swedenstriple helix approach can show the way to success.A common thread in the interviews with industry experts around the world is the growing commit-ment to engage in collaborativ

129、e business models and joint investments.The objective is three-fold:Develop shared charging infrastructure that meets the needs of players across the electric vehicle value chain Establish data sharing and inter-operability standards Scale up the implementation of new technologies While motivations

130、for deploying autonomous technologies tend to be economic and operational,the shift to electrification is primarily driven by political and environmental reasons.The interviewed industry stakeholders agree that collaborative business models where private and public players come together are a pre-re

131、quisite for unlocking the road freight transformation.SWEDENS MULTI-STAKEHOLDERAPPROACHSweden has a long tradition of triple-helix col-laboration and expertise that today can facilitate change on the global stage.By bringing together industry,academia,and government stakeholders to speed up innovati

132、on,Sweden has taken a unique position in shaping the decarbonised and digitalised transport ecosystem of the future.Typical examples of such collaborations in the transport sector are Drive Sweden and CLOSER two collaboration platforms that enable testing and development of innovative solutions to s

133、trengthen Swedens competitiveness 20.The role of these plat-forms is to facilitate collaboration between diverse actors in the transport value chain.This way of working co-development of solutions in a new value chain has been one of the drivers of Swedens success.As global markets rethink freight t

134、rans-port and address the barriers and cracks of out-dated systems,now is the time to lead the way.“Road operators are going from application-driv-en operations to data-driven operations in order to auto-mate insights,maintenance and optimisation.”Representative of EU industry association A new appr

135、oach to mobility,Drive SwedenBUSINESS SWEDEN|SHAPING THE FUTURE OF ROAD FREIGHT|13Swedish companies in the field are well-posi-tioned to tap into policy developments while get-ting informed on available financial support in different markets to counter high initial capital investments,truck roll-out

136、 as well as other finan-cial incentives and mechanisms for operations.SHIFTING ROLES IN THEVALUECHAIN As new technologies come into play,data is trans-forming value chains,prompting many companies to rethink their business models and how they operate and interact with partners.Additionally,new roles

137、 are being created within the ecosystem,while some traditional roles might disappear.A supplier can become a customer,and end customers are constantly changing based on the potential of technologies entering new marketsegments.This transformation is creating both opportuni-ties and challenges,requir

138、ing a rethink of traditional business models and partnerships.The transforma-tion of value chains is illustrated on the next page.This new paradigm has major implications for road operators and authorities,as their roles shift from managing physical road networks to man-aging ever-more digitalised a

139、nd data-driven infra-structure.Some road operators have solved this by creating completely new“technology-first”busi-ness units,especially within the EU.OEMs are transitioning to a software company mentality,selling their data,and to some extent becoming mobility service providers.For road users,i.e

140、 freight providers,access to data enables better route optimisation.This becomes increas-ingly important as electrification comes into play,as transport companies need to meticulously work out each use case in collaboration with their sup-pliers.Unlike diesel vehicles,zero-emission trucks require de

141、tailed planning for charging,unloading,and route optimisation.As new departments and business units are cre-ated with the aim to develop new skill sets to man-age data,technology suppliers are encouraged to conduct a thorough stakeholder analysis to identify key decision-makers.There is still scepti

142、cism in the trucking indus-try around the transition to zero-emission vehicles as well as connected and autonomous technologies concerning,for example,challenges in data shar-ing and how to capture data.This can be addressed through pilot projects that enable companies to test and validate new techn

143、ologies,such as ultra-fast Megawatt(MW)charging technologies to reduce time spent at charging stations and create better availability,as well as addressing range anxiety.Swedish companies should therefore look for pilot projects and local collaboration platforms in global markets to test both techno

144、logies and business mod-els.Another crucial area to highlight is financing for proof of concept,which can be secured through local government agencies,the EU,or state funding.“Scandinavia has been leading the digitalisation of transport,and Sweden can influence future development.”Representative of

145、Swedish transport programmeSTOCKHOLM,SWEDENBUSINESS SWEDEN|SHAPING THE FUTURE OF ROAD FREIGHT|14Traffic flow Real-time data to road users(traffic,weather,accidents etc)Toll managementPublic charging infrastructure Electric Road Systems and fast charging stations along motorwaysPredictive road mainte

146、nance Data collection and analysis of road conditions Monitoring of heavy vehicle loadsSpotlight on software and connectivity Road safety Route suggestions for optimised travel Battery optimisation Automated drivingData accessibility Provide connected vehicle data to road authorities and operators I

147、nteroperatbility for fleets Freight-as-a-serviceTraffic flow Receive real-time traffic data(traffic,weather,accidents etc.)Route suggestions for optimised travelCharging opportunities Where and when to chargevehiclesMobility services for road users,OEMs and road operators Software for collecting,ana

148、lysing and aggregating data EV charging hardware and software Field equipment Traffic light controllers,road side units,sensors etc for road operatorsCollaboration with transport players in the value chain Grid upgrades and access Optimisation of electricity supply and demand Data sharing and analys

149、isROAD OPERATORS&AUTHORITIESPhysical roadmanagementData driven and technology supportingOEMsVehicle manu-facturingData andservice providerROAD USERS(FREIGHT PROVIDERS)Road transitRoute optimisation&safetyTECHNOLOGY PROVIDERSRoad transit servicesVehicle data,route planning,connectivityGRID OPERATORSO

150、perations and main-tenance of the energy infra-structureKey stake-holder in the transport ecosystemSource:Business SwedenTraditional focusNew focusKey areas of interestSHIFTING ROLES IN THE ROAD FREIGHT VALUE CHAINBUSINESS SWEDEN|SHAPING THE FUTURE OF ROAD FREIGHT|15CONCLUSIONSTEPS TO SEIZE THE OPPO

151、RTUNITY 5Positioning Swedish technologies in global freight transport comes down to one thing forging new strategic partnerships.Here are five pivotal steps tostake your claim in tomorrows value chain.Adopt a collaborative approach including public-private collaborations.Bringing together multiple s

152、takeholders to innovate new business models is essential for Swedish compa-nies taking position in the global arena.Bear in mind that the US puts stronger emphasis on private-sector initiatives compared to the EU,China and India.Motivate your stakeholders to take action.Get all relevant partners to

153、sit at thesame table and convey a sense of urgency to capture opportunities through joint initiatives.Ensure a coordinated approach to tackleindustry challenges through effective stake-holder management.Engage in local collaboration platforms in your target markets to test technologies and relevant

154、business models,together with end customers and new value chain partners.Re-evaluate your stakeholder landscape.End-customers may not be the same in thefuture as today Swedish companies need to adapt to changing business models and re-assess their revenue streams to stay ahead of market developments

155、.Build strategic partnerships with public infrastructure authorities,road operators,as well as grid operators.Swedish technol-ogy providers can act as a bridge between road author-ities and operators and OEMs.Focus on ways of facilitating the link between vehicles and infrastruc-ture to deploy digit

156、al and decarbonised technologies.BUSINESS SWEDEN CAN SUPPORT YOUBusiness Swedens advisers and industry experts have helped many Swedish companies in the transport value chain to identify growth opportunities and maximise their success in international markets.We offer Swedish transport companies tai

157、lored consultancy services and a vast contact network.We can facilitate connections with key stakeholders and help you establish strategic partnerships and alliances to boost your innovation and competitiveness on the global stage.With a unique mandate from the Swedish government and the business se

158、ctor,our global team offers strategic advice and practical support in more than 40 markets worldwide.THIS ANALYSIS WAS DEVELOPED BY:Elisa Alaiso,Project Manager,Milan Ida Knutsen,Project Manager,Oslo Beatrice Cavicchiolo,Consultant,MilanCONTRIBUTORS:Elisa Alaiso,Project Manager,Milan Ida Knutsen,Pro

159、ject Manager,Oslo Beatrice Cavicchiolo,Consultant,Milan Pritam Singh,Project Manager,New Delhi Ankit Tiwari,Senior Consultant,Bangalore Abigail Richardson,Project Manager,San Francisco Sebastian Bouroncle,Associate,Chicago Yingying Ge,Project Manager,Beijing Jessica Olsson,Trade Commissioner,OsloDJU

160、R BRIDGE,STOCKHOLMSARA HEDIN Head of Energy&Transportsara.hedinbusiness-sweden.se1061(SHAPING THE FUTURE OF ROAD FREIGHT)2024BUSINESS SWEDENBox 240,SE-101 24 Stockholm,Sweden World Trade Center,Klarabergsviadukten 70 T+46 8 588 660 00infobusiness- www.business-We help Swedish companies grow global sales and international companies invest and expand in Sweden.BUSINESS-SWEDEN.COM