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1、Transforming higher education for the skills economyWorld Future Skills IndexSkills Fit|Academic ReadinessFuture of Work|Economic TransformationQS World Future Skills Index 23Your global enablement partner QS offers unrivalled data,expertise and solutions for the higher education sector.Our mission

2、is to empower students around the world to achieve their full potential,We work with government bodies across the worldWe are proud to have worked with government bodies in many geographies including the Middle East,Central Asia and South Eastern Asia,helping them to build quality assurance framewor

3、ks and deliver national-level projects that bring together government,higher education institutions and QS to provide insights and actionable advice.Our insights and expertise are unmatched We gather billions of data points from our global network of employers,academics and prospective students,prov

4、iding unrivalled insights into the higher education landscape.We are known and respected globally for our data-driven expertise,including the QS World University Rankings portfolio which incorporates data from millions of academic papers,and the views of academics and employers.The QS International

5、Student Survey measures the preferences and motivations of over 100,000 prospective students each year.We reach over 60 million unique visitors per year through our digital platforms and our recruitment support covers every stage of the student journey,from initial awareness to offer acceptance and

6、enrolment.Partner with us and achieve your strategic goals We partner with university and business school clients to deliver comparative performance analysis,advisory and global engagement support.We focus on metrics such as research impact,reputational standing,sustainability,student employability,

7、and internationalisation to help institutions achieve their strategic goals.and we work closely with higher education institutions to help them take a data-driven approach to their strategic thinking.We are a trusted student recruitment partner for the sector190+countriesanalysedThe QS World Future

8、Skills Index in numbers280m job postings studied 5m+employer skill demands reviewed 5,000+universities assessed17.5m research publications examined 413powered bysub-indicatorsindicatorsQS World Future Skills Index 45Executive summary Employers today require a workforce with skillsets that didnt exis

9、t 20 years ago artificial intelligence(AI),digital and green skills have all come to the fore.McKinseys Jobs lost,jobs gained report1 estimated that,by 2030,up to 375m,or 14%of the global workforce,would need to switch occupational categories due to automation,digital disruption and industrial chang

10、e.The future generation needs new skills,current workers need to upskill or retrain,and governments must activate their higher education institutions to enable future economic growth and help this transformation through targeted workforce reskilling.The unprecedented pace of technological advancemen

11、t has accelerated the need for a dynamic response from governments in tandem with their higher education institutions.The QS World Future Skills Index evaluates how well countries are equipped to meet the evolving demands of the international job market.It aims to empower governments to align educat

12、ion and skills with future demand,fostering innovation,sustainable global competition and talent development.In this report,we explore key findings and in-depth analysis from the Index.The findings of the QS World Future Skills Index are clear innovation in a countrys higher education system and ens

13、uring the sectors long-term sustainability is fundamental to a growing national economy.Its an important time for governments and higher education institutions to recognise that a huge disruption to workforce norms is on the horizon.The potential for higher education to enable this transformation is

14、 huge but there are private providers,online education providers These recommendations require investment,but with a confluence of economic challenges globally,this necessary investment has stagnated.For the betterment of society,it is vital that the supply of world-class education is sufficient The

15、re is a cluster of countries that are seeing their economies and future industries transform faster than the new skills adoption of their workforce.This requires reskilling of their workforce and increased investment in attracting highly skilled talent to their country.Learn more on page 38.1231 McK

16、insey Global Institute(Jobs lost,jobs gained:What the future of work will mean for jobs,skills,and wages)2 OECD Skills Outlook 2023:Skills for a Resilient Green and Digital Transition 3 QS International Student Survey 2024Higher educationEstablish lifelong and personalised learning paths for student

17、s.Implement modularised learning,advancing curricula in alignment with the skills necessary for future innovation and aligning academia to industry needs.Develop targeted international research partnerships aligned to local industry needs to drive research innovation and deliver economic growth.Gove

18、rnmentsUtilise the strength of higher education to attract international talent to fill short-term,high impact skills gaps within economies.Introduce smart and targeted immigration policy to enable these high-skilled workers to contribute to society,gaining the work-based skills to thrive on returni

19、ng home.Connect industry and higher educations capacity for research innovation and foster partnerships to drive economic stimulus and industrial diversification.and education arms of major global companies,including Google,Microsoft and Amazon who are increasingly certifying skills and competence.T

20、o support economies to make this workforce transition,higher education systems need to build greater agility through modular learning2 and curricula advancement to ensure that the skills that businesses need are available in the fifth stage of education.for the needs of innovative businesses that wi

21、ll help solve the climate crisis,intelligently engage AI to achieve growth and more effective processes,and drive creative solutions and digital innovation.*While this report focuses on higher educations critical role in equipping the future workforce,it is important to recognise the complementary r

22、ole of Further Education institutions in skills development globally.In this context,higher education includes tertiary institutions offering advanced degrees,while Further Education often addresses vocational and technical skills that bridge immediate labour market needs.Matteo Quacquarelli Vice-Pr

23、esident of Strategy and Analytics QS Quacquarelli SymondsKey recommendations 55%of prospective international students would like to live and work in their country of study for 1-3 years post-graduation3.Rapid industry innovationSkills supply outpacing skills demandEducation key to thriving economySo

24、me countries are seeing economic stagnation despite an excess of transformational talent.Stimulus needs to be provided through research innovation and industry partnerships to drive economic growth.We discuss this in the global analysis section,starting on page 36.There is a strong correlation betwe

25、en good economic performance and higher education success.We discuss what higher education must do to improve performance at a country-level.Our recommendations are on page 50.7QS World Future Skills Index 6QS World Future Skills Index in numbersExecutive summaryUnderstanding the landscapeRapid and

26、accelerating industrial innovationThe introduction of new skills into the workforce:AI,Digital and GreenGlobal risk of occupational displacementProjected global economic growth slowdownDeclining industries in major economiesQS World Future Skills IndexWhat are future skills?Key findingsGlobal analys

27、is Skills demand vs skills supply Higher education innovation and continued financial sustainability Countries are ready for academic innovationWhat can higher education do?Work with QSAppendix030408091214161820222436384548505456ContentsIndustrial innovation is rapidly evolvingNot all learning syste

28、ms globally are set up to adapt equallyQS World Future Skills Index 89200220012003 2004 2005 200620072008 2009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021Year0.00.20.40.60.81.01.21.41.61.82.0Average R&D intensity(%)0K10K20K30K40K50KAverage total R&D expenditure(GERD)at current PPP$Average R&D in

29、tensityAmount of R&D expenditure over timeSource:World Bank Group,UNESCO Institute for Statistics,OECD MSTIUnderstanding the landscapeFrom steam power and railways,to digital networks and clean technology,each wave of innovation has reshaped industries,economies and careers.What makes the 2020s diff

30、erent is the speed of industrial innovation.Its unlike anything weve seen before.In response,countries are ramping up their investments in research and development(R&D)at record levels,recognising that keeping up with this pace is crucial for economic resilience and growth.Global R&D spending has ri

31、sen steadily,reflecting the urgency for nations to stay competitive and equip their workforces with the skills needed to thrive in a rapidly changing world.The upward trend in both intensity and expenditure demonstrates how countries are prioritising R&D to drive industrial advancements,with recent

32、years(since the COVID-19 pandemic)showing especially robust growth indicative of accelerated innovation efforts.Rapid and accelerating industrial innovationHigher education institutions are pivotal in driving R&D across various countries.There has been a steady increase in R&D intensity with a sharp

33、 rise in R&D expenditure over the past two decades.This signals rapid and accelerating industrial innovation and significant financial investment in innovation.Understanding the landscapeIndustrial innovation is half-lifeing and with it has come an increased speed with which the workforce must learn

34、 new skills to adapt,retain employment and drive productivity and growth for their economy.Source:Visual Capitalist:The history of innovation cyclesSource:The Josh Bersin Company 2024Average R&D intensity and average R&D expenditure over timeBaby boomersLifelong careers/longterm employmentFull time

35、employmentHierarchical growthVery little job hoppingRemote workingGig workContract workConstant educationMindfulnessWellbeingPostpone familyLabour shortageIT careersInternet-based recruitmentJob hopping becomes commonInternet millenialsGenZ portfolio careers60 years55 years50 years40 years30 years25

36、 yearsFirst WaveSecond WaveThird WaveFourth WaveFifth WaveSixth WaveWater powerTextilesIron178518451900195019902020Steam powerRailSteelElectricityChemicalsInternal combustionengineAIDigitalnetworksClean techPetrochemicalsElectronicsSoftwareNew mediaQS World Future Skills Index 10114 US National Scie

37、nce Foundation:Academic R&D comparisons5,6,7 OECD iLibrary:Higher education expenditure on R&D(HERD)at current prices and PPP 8 Australian Bureau of Statistics(Universities spending more on R&D,but not keeping pace with GDP)The global perspective:How are universities crucial to a nations R&D?The bel

38、ow examples illustrate how universities worldwide are at the heart of R&D efforts,serving as hubs for knowledge creation and technological progress.If we look at the proportion of a countrys total R&D expenditure(GERD)that is achieved by their higher education sector(HERD),Australia and Canada consi

39、stently prioritise funding for research within universities,with Understanding the landscapeComparison of Higher Education R&D Expenditure(HERD)vs.Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D(GERD)by CountrySource:OECD200620052007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022Year0%5%10%15%20%25%3

40、0%35%40%HERD/GERD%AustraliaUnited StatesNetherlandsCanadaGermanyUnited KingdomAcademic institutions are large contributors to the US R&D,with expenditures totalling USD$81 billion in 2020.This equates to 11%of the US total R&D expenditure,reflecting their essential role in innovation4.United StatesH

41、igher education institutions spent about USD$15 billion on R&D in 2020,highlighting their influence in driving innovation7.FranceHigher education R&D expenditure nearly reached AUD$13 billion in 2021/2022,marking a 10%increase from 2020.However,this growth has not kept pace with the overall economy,

42、as higher educations share of GDP fell from 0.61%in 2020 to 0.55%in 20228.AustraliaUniversities contributed significantly to the nations USD$20 billion R&D expenditure in 2020,showcasing their integral role in the countrys research ecosystem6.JapanThe UK higher education sector invested around USD$2

43、0 billion in R&D in 2020,making universities central to scientific and technological advancements5.United KingdomHERD making up a substantial part of their total R&D budgets.The Netherlands has also increased its focus on higher education research over time.QS World Future Skills Index 1213Understan

44、ding the landscapeThe introduction of new skills into the workforce:AI,digital and greenThe faster rate of skills change is already evidentThe World Economic Forum predicts a 60%growth in AI skills and a 35%growth in digital skills by 2030,fuelling industry transformation and workforce demands.24 mi

45、llion new green jobs are expected by 2030,driving a global shift to sustainability.Top 5 AI skills growing in relevancy in last 5 years1.Machine learning tools2.Data science,analytics&data visualisation3.Natural language processing&chatbot development4.Cloud computing,encryption&infrastructure5.Data

46、 engineering,big data tools&data modellingTop 5 AI skills declining in relevancy in last 5 years1.Legacy AI&machine learning libraries2.Legacy NLP&voice recognition tools3.Older cloud&computing platforms4.Statistical and data analysis tools&knowledge-based systems5.Human-machine interface software&r

47、oboticsAI is increasingly transforming industries by reshaping roles and workflows across key functions.In high tech and telecoms,nearly 40%of AI adoption is focused on product and service development,while financial services have a strong emphasis on risk management.Sectors like healthcare,consumer

48、 goods,and financial services also show significant AI use in areas such as service operations and strategy.This shift towards automation brings greater efficiency but also challenges traditional roles,particularly in fields like manufacturing and supply chain management.As AI becomes embedded in mo

49、re industry functions,many jobs will evolve,while others risk disappearing altogether,reflecting the broad disruption AI is driving across sectors.Top 5 digital skills growing in relevancy in last 5 years1.Cloud computing&infrastructure inc.Amazon EKS/Microsoft Power Automate2.AI&machine learning3.W

50、eb,application and chatbot development4.Data science&analytics5.Security&compliance inc.AWS SecurityTop 5 digital skills declining in relevancy in last 5 years1.Programming languages&frameworks inc.Jython2.Enterprise software&CRM systems inc.Sage Simply Accounting3.Data&database management4.Testing,

51、monitoring&automation tools5.Graphics,multimedia&design software inc.Adobe SocialTop 5 green skills growing in relevancy in last 5 years1.Environmental science,conservation&climate change mitigation2.Agriculture,agroforestry&soil ecology3.Water&hydrology management inc.hydrological modelling softwar

52、e4.Renewable energy,geothermal heating&carbon management5.Wildlife&biodiversity conservation Top 5 green skills declining in relevancy in last 5 years1.Legacy environmental tools&software inc.Envirodata Solutions2.Agricultural&crop management practices inc.crop rotation3.Garden design&ecological pra

53、ctices4.Solar architecture&energy efficiency tools5.Animal control&livestock managementSource:QS 1Mentor,JobDigIn only a five-year period,the relevancy of certain skills is declining in favour of new AI,digital and green skills.While the declining skills are still valuable to employers,the quick pac

54、e of change within these innovative skills clusters is noteworthy.AI adoption by industry and function 2022Source:McKinsey&Company Survey 2022|Chart 2023 AI Index ReportNumber of workers needing to move outof current occupational category to find work,2016-30(trending scenario)USA16-54 millionOther1

55、7-64 millionJapan11-27 millionGermany3-12 millionOther10-72 millionChina12-102 millionIndia3-38 millionMexico1-7 millionChanging occupations73-375 millionTotal workforce2,685 millionUp toworkers or375 millionof entire workforce14%affected by 2030Examples of occupationalcategories at riskSome occupat

56、ional data projected into2016 baseline from latest available 2014 data.Source:McKinsey,HolonIQ Farming Administrative and Executive Secretaries Data Entry and Business Intelligence Business and Project Managers Machinery WorkersGlobal SouthGlobal NorthQS World Future Skills Index 1415Understanding t

57、he landscape14%of the global workforce is at risk of occupational displacement9 BBC Science Focus:We will work in the future|University of Oxford:The Future of Employment:How susceptible are jobs to computerisation?10 LinkedIn:Global Green Skills Report 2024By 2050,University of Oxford economist Dr

58、Carl Frey and Professor of machine learning Michael Osborne predict that at least 40%of current jobs will be lost to automation9.By aligning curricula with the evolving needs of industries,especially in areas like AI,digital,and sustainable technologies,higher education institutions help to bridge t

59、he skills gap and mitigate workforce risk to support economic resilience and growth.Green talent is defined in LinkedIns Green Skills Report as a LinkedIn member who has explicitly added at least one green skill to their profile and/or are working in a green job.Demand for this talent increased by 1

60、1.6%between.2023 and 2024,compared to just a 5.6%rise in available talent.one in five jobs will lackthe green talent needed.By 2030,This gap is expected torise to one in two jobs by 2050.10QS World Future Skills Index 1617Understanding the landscapeProjected global economic growth slowdown amid risi

61、ng workforce skill requirements in AI,digital,and green sectorsThe projected decline in global economic growth highlights the challenges economies face as new skill demands in AI,digital,and green industries reshape the workforce.With technology advancing rapidly and sustainability becoming a priori

62、ty,theres an urgent need for workers with specific,updated skills.However,many economies are struggling to adapt quickly enough,leading to a skills gap that affects productivity and growth.Both advanced and developing economies are feeling the strain,with growth rates slowing as they work to bridge

63、this gap.If countries cant equip their workforces with the necessary 11 World Bank Group:Global Growth Is Stabilizing for the First Time in Three Yearsskills,we may see a prolonged impact on global growth in the years to come.Despite the global growth rate being largely in decline,the global economy

64、 is set to stabilise for the first time in 2024,but at a weaker level than historical standards11.As industries adapt to AI,digital,and green technologies,sectors such as renewable energy,health services,and electrical equipment manufacturing(including components critical for AI technologies)are see

65、ing strong growth.However,traditional industries are experiencing steep declines.Source:World Bank Group,January 202420212022202320242025Year012345678Growth rate(%)ChinaEmerging market and developing economiesWorldUnited StatesEuro areaAdvanced economiesGDP growth over timeQS World Future Skills Ind

66、ex 1819Understanding the landscapeTop declining industries in major economiesSolar electric power generationWind electric power generationOther electric power generationGeothermal electric power generationOther electrical equipmentand component manufacturingOffices of mental health practitioners(exc

67、ept physicians)Services for the elderly andpersons with disabilitiesOffices of physical,occupational andspeech therapists,and audiologistsBeverage manufacturingOutpatient mental health andsubstance abuse centresNuclear electric power generationPrinting and related support activitiesMotor vehicle par

68、ts Jewellery and silverware manufacturingNewspaper publishersPulp,paper,and paperboard millsApparel manufacturingFossil fuel electric power generationManufacturing and reproducingmagnetic and optical mediaCoal mining-50050100150200250Employment change 2023-2033(%)Source:US Bureau of Labor Statistics

69、-Employment Projections 20232033Impact of new skill demands on declining and growing industries in the USFossil fuels and traditional manufacturing Coal mining jobs are decreasing sharply as the demand for fossil fuels declines in favour of renewable energy.Skills in areas like traditional solar arc

70、hitecture and green building codes are also waning,giving way to more modern,integrated sustainability practices across the energy and construction sectors.Agriculture and natural resource management Traditional practices in forestry and logging face reduced demand due to shifts in land management,a

71、s newer roles in sustainable land stewardship emerge.Similarly,agricultural skills like crop rotation and soil tilling are losing ground to advanced,technology-led methods prioritising sustainable approaches.Legacy software and digital platforms IT roles supporting outdated systems are diminishing,e

72、specially in sectors where legacy software maintenance was once crucial.Legacy tools like RETScreen,ESRI ArcSDE,and WAsP are becoming obsolete,overtaken by cloud-based,scalable digital solutions better suited to current technological needs.Environmental and ecological management Older roles in envir

73、onmental conservation,often linked to traditional methods,are seeing a decline,especially as employment trends in environmental support evolve.Meanwhile,older skills in wildlife conservation and previous standards like LEED are being replaced by new,comprehensive sustainability frameworks.Animal and

74、 livestock management Traditional roles in animal husbandry and livestock handling are impacted by agricultural technology advancements,reducing the need for such specific skills.Skills in poultry science,animal control,and older transport methods are in decline,with automated disease management and

75、 modern husbandry practices taking precedence.12345Source:QS 1Mentor,US Bureau of Labor StatisticsIn the US,industries like coal mining,fossil fuel power generation,and certain manufacturing areas are projected to face reduced employment over the next decade.With an estimated 14%of the global workfo

76、rce at risk of displacement due to these shifts,the challenge is clear:reskill workers to meet the needs of emerging industries.This high workforce risk carries economic implications,as these declines and the skill gaps could contribute to a broader slowdown in growth.The US serves as an example of

77、how major economies are grappling with industry transitions,balancing the need for new skills with the pressures of job displacement in declining sectors.Higher education plays a crucial role in this skills-led industrial transformation.Universities and colleges are at the heart of equipping the nex

78、t generation with the knowledge and abilities required for emerging fields,while also upskilling the current workforce.By aligning curricula with the evolving needs of industries,especially in areas like AI,digital,and sustainable technologies,higher education institutions are helping to bridge the

79、skills gap and mitigate workforce risk.In doing so,they support economic resilience and growth,positioning countries to remain competitive as industries transform.21QS World Future Skills Index 20A skills-led transformation impacts the full ecosystem of society,but in an intensely complex landscape

80、of different economies and higher education systems,the world is at varied levels of preparedness to tackle and take advantage of the next wave of industrial change.Higher education must be at the heart of this change.To support governments and higher education to benchmark their readiness and set a

81、 skills-led transformation agenda,we have designed our inaugural QS World Future Skills Index.The QS World Future Skills IndexDrawing on QS and external datasets with the proprietary measure you have come to know and trust from QS the Index interprets higher education performance in the world of ski

82、lls-led industrial change,helping to align with future demands in AI,digital,and green economies,foster innovation,talent development,and sustainable workforce competitiveness globally.EmployersUniversitiesGovernmentsGraduatesEconomicTransformationAcademicReadinessFutureof WorkSkills FitQS World Fut

83、ure Skills Index 2223The QS World Future Skills Index is designed to assess how prepared countries are to tackle the shifting demands of the global workforce,particularly in the context of digital transformation,AI,sustainability,and the broader economic changes impacting jobs.Skills like AI profici

84、ency,digital literacy,and environmental sustainability will form the bedrock of the industries of tomorrow.Countries that fail to adapt risk losing their competitive edge and missing opportunities for economic growth.The QS World Future Skills Index uses data from over 280 million job postings via Q

85、S 1Mentor,the QS Global Employer Survey,and economic and demographic statistics from the World Bank Group.The Index assesses countries across four key indicators:Skills Fit,Academic Readiness,Future of Work,and Economic Transformation.Each indicator plays a vital role in providing a comprehensive vi

86、ew of a countrys preparedness to thrive in an increasingly skills-driven global economy.growth in AI skills by 2030,fuelling innovation and job opportunitiesgrowth in digital skills by 2030,transforming industries and workforce demandsnew green jobs by 2030,driving the global shift to sustainability

87、60%35%24mIndustrial innovation is shifting the future of work as rapid changes take place across the world.With a huge risk of occupational displacement in the global workforce and the slowing of global economic growth What are future skills?We need higher education to drive the skills-led industria

88、l transformation AI,Digital and Green skills are leading the future of workSource:World Economic Forumdue to declining industries across major economies,countries must become more agile and prepared for a future driven by new technological automation and a transition to greener economies.AcademicRea

89、diness ScoreFuture of Work ScoreTransformationEconomic ScoreWorld FutureSkills IndexSkills demand gapWorkforce adaptabilityLifelong learningIndustry feedbackJob-aligned curriculumTechnical educationLearning tech accessGlobal rankingAI&digital skillsGreen workforceJob growth rateTalent availabilityDi

90、gital transformationGreen readinessFuture investmentsTech infrastructureSkills Fit ScoreSkillsalignmentEducationalreadinessTomorrowsjobsEconomicevolution25QS World Future Skills Index 24RankCountrySkills Fit score1United Kingdom 100.02United States99.43Canada90.94Germany89.25Netherlands88.66Australi

91、a87.27France84.88South Korea84.49Singapore83.210Ireland81.8Key findingsKey findingsThe Index reveals a significant gap between nations at the forefront of skills development and those which are still emerging.Leading countries are making concerted efforts to integrate new technologies into their edu

92、cation systems,while emerging countries are working to address critical gaps,often lacking the infrastructure and capital necessary for rapid adaptation.The recommendations presented in this report are aimed at guiding policymakers and ministries in shaping the future of work through a focus on foun

93、dational capacity,talent development,global adaptation,and future alignment.Skills Fit measures how well a countrys education systems are aligning with employer demands.What is Skills Fit?UK higher education is most aligned to employer needs87%of businesses worldwide have a skills gap,or will within

94、 a few years12.56%of hiring managers anticipate technological inventions will cause a shift in necessary skills13.70%of US business leaders report critical skills shortages within their organisations,impacting business performance15.Despite this,the United States ranks second in Skills Fit.Although

95、challenges exist in meeting the demand for certain skills,such as semi-conductor manufacturing,the US excels in aligning its educational outputs with industry requirements.12 McKinsey:Mind the skills gap 202113 Salesforce:The Future of Workforce Development 14 Edge Foundation:Skills shortages in the

96、 UK economy 2024 15 Springboard:Workforce Skills Gap Trends 2024:Survey ReportThe QS World Future Skills IndexUnderstanding which countrys universities are providing graduates with the skills that Powered by:The QS Global Employer Survey with over 100,000 employers surveyed annuallyThe QS World Univ

97、ersity Rankings,the most trusted brand in higher education (Google Trends,2024)QS 1Mentor,with over 280m job postings analysedUK universities have a longstanding reputation for delivering world-leading skilled graduates into the workforce.However,the skills shortage in the UK is a growing issue and

98、the countrys ability to produce top skilled graduates is not guaranteed in the future.In the UK alone,skills shortages are forecast to cost the UK economy 39bn a year from 2024 to 202714.The Index shows that countries in the Global North are progressing well in aligning academia with industry and th

99、e proportional coverage of top universities in the UK is what gives the country an edge against its competitors.To maintain its success,UK institutions have work to do to improve scores in underlying areas including human-centred leadership,emotional intelligence,interpersonal skills,leadership,comm

100、unication and teamwork.employers need is key to understanding a nations future readiness.A country with a high Skills Fit score has an education system that is well-aligned with the needs of industry and employers,helping to close the skills gap.QS World Future Skills Index 2627RankCountryAcademic R

101、eadiness score1United Kingdom 100.02Germany99.63Netherlands99.34Australia98.95Hong Kong SAR98.66United States98.27Canada97.88Italy97.49Switzerland97.110Denmark96.7Academic Readiness measures how well a country is positioned to deliver the skills necessary for future industries.What is Academic Readi

102、ness?The United Kingdom leads the way in academic readinessAccording to Deloitte16,1.8 million tech skills will be needed by 2030 if workers are to keep pace with the rate of change.As a sector,higher education is uniquely positioned to deliver high volumes of future-ready graduates.Nowhere is this

103、more evident than in the UK.Institutions in the UK are preparing students for successful careers in these innovative industries,with over 100 universities featured in the QS World University Rankings by Subject 2024,and many UK institutions display strong performance in AI,digital and green-related

104、subjects.The UK has a great history of academic performance and research innovation,but recent performance indicates a downward trajectory.While income from tuition fees has increased,its not enough to keep up with rapidly growing expenditure.59%of UK universities reported a financial loss in the 20

105、21/22 academic year17.This Academic Readiness score is unlikely to be maintained unless more is done to align research&curricula with industry need.16 Deloitte:Mind the(digital skills)gap 202417 HESA:Income and expenditure of UK universitiesIt is vital for a countrys higher education system to suppo

106、rt high-quality learning and skill development.As industries evolve with the advancement of technologies and the rise of digital economies,universities need to stay The data shows strong competition from other countries in the top 10,with only 3.3 points separating first from 10th.The Netherlands co

107、uld pose significant risk to the UKs standing.Globally,the Netherlands has the highest score in Academic Readiness Green sub-indicator,and shows strong performance in preparing graduates for green jobs.As mentioned on page 15,green talent is going to be in high demand in the future,with one in two j

108、obs lacking the required green talent by 2050.Key findingsahead by providing education in fields that are most relevant to the future workforce.Countries that excel in AI,digital,and green subject areas are better prepared to face the challenges and opportunities of the evolving job market.These sub

109、jects are critical for future economic development,as they enable innovation and problem-solving in sectors that will dominate in the coming decades.UK university profit over timeSource:HESA2015/201615%24%29%54%31%33%59%-300,000-200,000-100,000100,000200,000300,000400,00002016/20172017/20182018/2019

110、2019/20202020/20212021/2022UK averageUK universitiesYear%of institutions reporting financial lossProfit(000s)Note:In many systems,Further Education institutions serve as critical partners to higher education,providing targeted vocational training and technical skills that underpin economic transform

111、ation.Including this broader ecosystem ensures a comprehensive approach to workforce readiness.QS World Future Skills Index 2829The Future of Work indicator measures the readiness of a countrys job market to recruit for the most in-demand skills of the future.What is Future of Work?Source:QS 1Mentor

112、The India job market is primed to recruit graduates into AI,digital,and green jobsRanking just behind the US in second place,India is one of the leading nations in contributing to the future of work.The IBM Global AI Adoption Index Enterprise Report18 highlights India as a leading nation in the acti

113、ve deployment of AI in business operations,with a notable 59%of companies actively using AI.This aligns closely with the Future of Work indicator,where India scores 99.1.Such a high score reflects Indias readiness to integrate AI into the workforce,suggesting a strong market for skilled graduates.18

114、 IBM Global AI Adoption Index Report 2023Actively DeployedExploringNot Using/ExploringNot SureIndiaUAESingaporeChinaLATAMGlobalSouth KoreaCanadaUKItalyJapanUSGermanyAustraliaSpainFrance40%40%44%46%48%48%34%34%47%45%50%50%42%36%36%38%38%59%33%58%37%37%53%29%26%28%32%32%23%27%41%41%10%10%10%14%16%19%1

115、9%18%13%17%17%15%15%51%12%21%4%4%6%6%5%5%5%Source:The IBM Global AI Adoption Index Enterprise ReportHas your company adopted or explored using AI as part of its business operations and digital transformation?(%my company has actively deployed AI as part of its business operations)Key findings230%200

116、%100%increase in demandfor green skillsincrease in demand for AI skillsincrease in demandfor digital skillsbetween 2017-2023Worldwide,there has been aDespite a global decline in venture capital(VC)funding,India has maintained its status as the second-largest destination for VC and growth funding in

117、the Asia Pacific region.This resilience underscores the countrys robust investment ecosystem,which is crucial for fostering innovation and creating future-ready job opportunities.Job listings are a strong indicator of a job markets maturity.A high volume of job postings seeking AI,digital and green

118、skills shows that a country has businesses that are ready to innovate,or are already doing so.The QS World Future Skills Index looks at the volume of job postings seeking innovative skills,and compares the prevalence of future skills compared to traditional skills in job listings to see how the labo

119、ur market is shifting to meet the demands of future industries.QS World Future Skills Index 3031YearCountry2017Canada,China,Finland2018France,Germany,India,Mauritius,Mexico,Sweden2019Argentina,Bangladesh,Chile,Colombia,Cyprus,Czech Republic,Denmark,Egypt,Estonia,Japan,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Neth

120、erlands,Portugal,Qatar,Romania,Russia,Sierra Leone,Singapore,Slovakia,United Arab Emirates,United States of America,Uruguay2020Algeria,Bulgaria,Croatia,Greece,Hungary,Indonesia,Latvia,South Korea,Norway,Poland,Saudi Arabia,Serbia,Spain,Switzerland2021Australia,Austria,Brazil,Hong Kong SAR,Ireland,Ma

121、laysia,Peru,Philippines,Slovenia,Tunisia,Trkiye,Ukraine,United Kingdom,Vietnam2022Belgium,Ghana,Iran,Italy,Jordan,Thailand2023Azerbaijan,Bahrain,Benin,Dominican Republic,Ethiopia,Iraq,Israel,RwandaRankCountryFuture of Work score1United States100.02India99.13Mexico98.24Canada97.45Australia96.56United

122、 Kingdom95.67Germany94.78Philippines93.89Spain93.010Singapore92.2Key findings19 Bain&Company:India Venture Capital Report 202420 Stanford University:The AI Index Report 2024The AI Index Report 2024 by Stanford University20 reveals an interesting connection between the timing of national AI strategie

123、s and a countrys readiness for the future of work.Countries such as Canada and Mexico were among the early adopters of national AI strategies in 2017 and 2018 respectively and now rank highly in the Future of Work Index.This early commitment to AI may have contributed to their strong positioning,sug

124、gesting that proactive national policy can significantly bolster a countrys preparedness for AI-driven job markets.By establishing strategic frameworks early on,these nations have demonstrated foresight in nurturing AI capabilities,helping them stay competitive as the demand for future-ready skills

125、grows.Mexicos impressive score(98.2)reflects its dynamic approach to technological advancement,particularly in the realm of AI.Between 2018 and 2024,the country witnessed a staggering 965%increase in AI companies,totalling 362 firms21.This growth rate outpaces that of other Latin American nations,wi

126、th Colombia at 669%and Brazil at 487%during the same period.The consistent growth of the Philippines Information Technology and Business Process Management(IT-BPM)industry underscores the countrys strong position in adapting to the future of work.This sector has shown remarkable resilience and expan

127、sion,with revenues increasing from USD$26.3 billion in The connection between national AI strategies and a countrys readiness for the future of workSource:AI Index Report 2024 by Stanford UniversityYearly release of AI national strategies by country2019 to a projected USD$38 billion in 2024,and empl

128、oyment rising from 1.3 million to an anticipated 1.82 million over the same period22.Such robust performance reflects the Philippines strategic focus on digital transformation and its commitment to developing a skilled workforce capable of meeting evolving global demands.This dedication is further e

129、videnced by the countrys place in the Future of Work indicator,with a score of 93.8.India,Mexico,the Philippines and Singapore all rank among the top 10 in the Future of Work indicator this represents each countrys only top 10 placement.Of these four,India and Mexico are most ready to recruit into d

130、igital roles,Singapore achieves its highest score for AI,and the Philippines scores highest for green skills.21 Santander(Mexico leads growth of Artificial Intelligence companies in LATAM)22 Reuters(Philippine outsourcing to grow 7%this year despite AI threat)Key findingsThe India Venture Capital Re

131、port 2024 by Bain&Company19 highlights several factors that position India favourably for the future of work and contribute to its strong performance in the Future of Work Index.The report notes a shift in investor focus towards traditional sectors with strong fundamental tailwinds,such as banking,f

132、inancial services,insurance(BFSI),and healthcare.Additionally,emergent themes like electric mobility and Generative AI have gained traction.These developments indicate a dynamic economic environment that is adapting to new technologies and industries,thereby preparing the workforce for future demand

133、s.Ongoing investment in diverse sectors contributes to a robust job market and enhances the countrys readiness for future work scenarios.QS World Future Skills Index 3233The Economic Transformation indicator measures how ready a countrys economy is to leverage the next wave of skills-led industrial

134、growth.What is Economic Transformation?A countrys economy must be able to sustain growth in AI,sustainability and digital industries to ensure ongoing economic success.Investment in infrastructure,R&D,and workforce capabilities are crucial to drive productivity and economic growth in the chosen area

135、s.South Korea has skilfully reshaped its economy,emerging as a global leader in high-tech industries like semiconductor production and IT,while managing the decline of traditional sectors like mining.The nations focus on Gross Fixed Capital Formation(GFCF)has been instrumental in building robust inf

136、rastructure and driving productivity,forming a sturdy backbone for its advanced industries.The semiconductor sector has become a pillar of South Koreas economic strength.Major players like SK Hynix and Samsung Electronics have positioned the country at the forefront of the global market.SK Hynix,for

137、 example,has committed to a USD$6.8 billion investment in a new plant to meet the soaring demand for AI chips and plans to develop a significant semiconductor cluster in Yongin23.Aligning with trends seen elsewhere in the QS World Future Skills Index,countries in the Global North perform strongly in

138、 economic transformation.Low unemployment rates,high labour productivity,and high Gross Domestic Products(GDPs)all drive strong performance for Global North countries.With perfect scores in the three sub-indicators Economic Capacity,Workforce Readiness and Future-Oriented Innovation and Sustainabili

139、ty South Korea has the economy that is most ready for the next wave of industries and innovations.23 Investopedia(Nvidia Supplier SK Hynix To Spend$6.8B on South Korea Plant To Meet AI Chip Demand)Key findingsSouth Korea shines in economic transformationRankCountryEconomic Transformation score1South

140、 Korea100.02Israel98.93United States97.94Switzerland96.85Japan95.86Germany94.77Denmark93.78United Kingdom92.79Belgium91.610Australia90.6Such developments reflect South Koreas focused ambition to remain a leader in the semiconductor field,showcasing a strategic shift from traditional industries to hi

141、gh-tech.Yet,South Korea shares a similar challenge with the US:a shortage of skilled workers in the semiconductor industry.Overcoming these gaps calls for renewed recruitment initiatives and a rethinking of workforce development to keep pace with the industrys demands.As technology rapidly advances,

142、South Koreas commitment to GFCF and its proactive support for high-tech sectors have secured its status as a leading global player.Addressing workforce challenges will be crucial to preserving this edge in the competitive semiconductor market.Source:World Bank GroupSouth Koreas growth in Gross Fixed

143、 Capital Formation(US$)compared to other economies(2000-2022)2006200520042003200220072008 20092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022Year0%50%100%150%200%Gross fixed capital formation(current US$)%difference between 2002 and 2022United StatesCanadaHong KongUnited KingdomSouth KoreaEurop

144、ean UnionQS World Future Skills Index 3435There is a clear positive correlation between South Koreas GDP and its tertiary education graduation rates over the period from 1998 to 2022.During this time,South Koreas GDP(measured in purchasing power parity)experienced significant growth,while the propor

145、tion of young adults(aged 25-34)attaining tertiary education increased steadily.In 1998,the tertiary graduation rate was approximately 30%,rising to nearly 60%by 2022.700B800B 900B1000B1100B 1200B 1300B 1400B 1500B 1600B 1700B 1800B 1900B 2000B 2100B 2200B 2300B 2400B 2500B 2600B 2700BGDP,PPP(curren

146、t international$)Gross graduation ratio,tertiary(%)010%20%30%40%50%60%19982022Source:World Bank Group,OECD,and South Korean Ministry of EducationSouth Koreas GDP and Tertiary Education Graduation Rates(1998-2022)This trend suggests that the countrys substantial investment in higher education has bee

147、n instrumental in fostering a skilled workforce.South Koreas emphasis on education has been a cornerstone of its economic development strategy,enabling it to capitalise on innovation and advanced industries for sustained prosperity.Key findings37QS World Future Skills Index 36Global analysis Global

148、analysisTop 20 prepared economies(2024)Country/RegionSkills FitAcademic ReadinessFuture of WorkEconomicTransformationUnited States94.498.2100.097.9United Kingdom100.0100.095.692.7Germany89.299.694.794.7Australia87.298.996.590.6Canada90.997.897.478.1Netherlands88.699.390.481.2Switzerland80.797.182.69

149、6.8France84.892.691.384.3Singapore83.291.792.285.4South Korea84.488.476.5100.0China78.593.987.888.5Spain76.496.393.070.8Israel70.693.073.098.9Sweden80.495.172.286.4Japan73.487.974.795.8Belgium72.495.971.391.6Ireland81.895.586.167.7Denmark73.096.766.193.7Hong Kong SAR77.098.669.580.2Italy70.397.485.2

150、69.7United StatesUnited KingdomGermanyAustraliaCanadaNetherlandsSwitzerlandFranceSingaporeChinaSouth KoreaSpainIsraelSwedenJapanBelgiumIrelandDenmarkHong Kong SARItaly97.697.194.693.391.089.989.388.288.187.387.284.183.983.583.082.882.882.481.380.7Final scoreThe QS World Future Skills IndexQS World F

151、uture Skills Index 3839ArmeniaMoroccoPanamaAlgeriaBrazilBulgariaPhilippinesIsraelJapanIndiaSri LankaUnited StatesSouth KoreaChinaCzech RepublicSingaporePolandSwitzerlandAustraliaGermanyMexicoBelarusFranceEgyptBelgiumThailandSpainRomaniaDenmarkGreeceAustriaUnited KingdomQatarItalyTrkiyeCanadaOmanSaud

152、i ArabiaNetherlandsSwedenHungaryFinlandEcuadorBahrainAzerbaijanPortugalLatviaUruguayIrelandUnited Arab EmiratesColombiaHong Kong SARSouth AfricaNew ZealandIndonesiaLithuaniaMalaysiaCyprusArgentinaJordanKazakhstanPakistanVietnamRussiaPeruUzbekistanUkraineChile-5-4-3-2-1012345Scaled impact5Global anal

153、ysisSpotlight on the United StatesThe United States must reskill its workers at pace and at scale to realise the potential provided by its strong economic performanceAs the rate of innovation continues to increase in pace,the US,and countries that perform similarly,will be left with even greater pro

154、portions of their workforce who are ill-equipped to work in future industries,and have a higher education system that is struggling to match the upskilling and reskilling demand.19901992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202022Year5T10T15T20T25TGDP,PPP(current international$)Sourc

155、e:World Bank GroupTechnology boomDot-com bubble/tax policiesHousing marketexpansionStimulus measuresCorporate taxreductionInfrastructureinvestmentCountries with skills demand which outpaces the skills supply have a transformation gap they have a high demand for skills but the limited skills supply m

156、eans they are not able to transform their economies.As a result,even with a skilled workforce and robust academic systems,they may still experience a gap due to rapid economic growth surpassing their current talent levels.Short-and medium-term levers should be implemented to prevent this gap from gr

157、owing,including industry-wide reskilling policies and lifelong learning.For countries with a talented workforce which outpaces the skills demand,the transformation gap means that there is a large reserve of talent potential that isnt being fully utilised because there arent enough suitable jobs or g

158、rowing industries.To solve positive transformation gaps there is often a need for economic policies,research investment,or industry partnerships to create more opportunities and put this talent to use.Skills demand vs skills supply Transformation gapsSource:QS World Future Skills IndexThe rapid indu

159、stry innovation cluster 30%of countries in the Index are seeing their industries evolve at a rate that is faster than their workforce can adopt new skills.The workforce readiness cluster The remaining 70%of countries fall into a cluster where the workforce potential outstrips the pace of economic an

160、d industrial innovation.Rapid industry innovation clusterSkills demand outpacing skills supplyThe workforce readiness clusterSkills supply outpacing skills demandQS World Future Skills Index 4041Global analysisShort-and longer-term solutions should focus on attracting international talent and reskil

161、ling domesticallyFor the US,the short-term solution is attracting international talent.International students and skilled worker visas are able to fill these skill gaps.The US must align their immigration policy to the requisite occupations and programmes that are going to drive economic growth in t

162、he years to come such as green,AI and digital skills.In the long term,the domestic workforce must reskill so they can work in economically more profitable job roles.Singapore has taken the initiative on this,investing S$35m(USD$26m)in sustainable finance upskilling to support the regions transition

163、to net zero26.Speaking at the World Economic Forum Growth Summit in 2023,Soon-Joo Gog,the Chief Skills Officer at SkillsFuture Singapore explained how Singapore is upskilling and reskilling its workforce27.One example was the Skills Future credits programme,which gives people S$400 when they reach 2

164、5 to invest in upskilling.In the QS World Future Skills Index,Singapore has the highest Human Capital Index score of any country contributing to its high score in our Skills Fit indicator.This shows that,while there is work to be done for the Singaporean higher education system to improve skills sat

165、isfaction of graduates domestically,the collective skilling of Singaporean graduates through local reskilling and international education has resulted in elevated productivity in comparison to its global peers.26 ESGtoday(Singapore Invests S$35 Million in Sustainable Finance Upskilling of Financial

166、Sector)27 World Economic Forum(6 lessons from Singapore on upskilling for the future)We are already seeing this issue arise with the CHIPS(Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors and Science)Act in the United States.The 2022 legislation directs USD$280 billion in spending over the next

167、 decade to bolster US semiconductor manufacturing capacity,catalyse research and development,and commercialise new technology while also creating a larger STEM workforce.However,the US lacks the skilled workers to be productive in the field of semi-conductor manufacturing.In the context of the 2024

168、US election,this investment may take on added significance.There are expectations of a heightened emphasis on import tariffs and the domesticising of manufacturing aimed at reducing dependence on foreign suppliers,especially in critical industries like semiconductors.While the US performance in the

169、Skills Fit indicator is strong,there remains a misalignment between employer needs and the skills graduates leave university with across the key skill groups.This skills mismatch comes at a difficult time,with the rise of AI meaning the rate of skills change is increasing24,and requisite skills are

170、also becoming more complex.Similarly,the number of green jobs has grown by 8%per year in the past five years,but employees dont have the skills required to fill them25.24 eit Digital:AI and the skill revolution 202425 World Economic Forum:With green jobs booming,heres how to plug the sustainability

171、skills gap A focus on self-reliance and economic resilienceThis focus,paired with substantial federal funding,contributes to the USs strong Economic Capacity score of 92.9/100 in the QS World Future Skills Index,underscoring the nations commitment to securing its position in future-oriented industri

172、es.However,there are signs that the US will not be able to fully utilise the potential benefits afforded to it by such significant investment.To create a bigger workforce,people will need to be upskilled at scale,and the US higher education sector is not totally prepared.US Skills Fit sub-indicator

173、scoresAdaptive Life Long Skills94.3Human-Centred Leadership97.7Sustainable&Ethical Workforce89.5Entrepreneurial&Innovative Mindset95.3US Economic Transformationsub-indicator scores Economic Capacity92.9Workforce Readiness75.0Future-OrientedInnovation and Sustainability 77.6QS World Future Skills Ind

174、ex 4243Global analysisSpotlight on the UKThe UK must invest in international collaboration for research innovation and industry partnerships to drive economic growth There is a consensus among academics that the UK has a productivity growth problem,with chronic underinvestment across both the public

175、 and private sectors being a key cause.28 The overall investment rate in the UK is around 17%,but in typical G7 countries,that figure is around 20-25%29.This is corroborated by the QS World Future Skills Index,and the UKs poor score in the Economic Capacity indicator a warning sign for the UK as eco

176、nomic stagnation on this scale could mean that the country falls behind and fails to capitalise on the future skills revolution.However,change may be afoot In the UK Governments budget in October 2024,the Chancellor Rachel Reeves announced it would invest GBP100 billion in capital spending over the

177、next five years.In its bi-annual economic outlook,the International Monetary Fund said that the UK economy would grow faster than previously thought in 2024 UK growth is expected to be 1.1%rather than the previously forecast 0.7%.In the October 2024 budget,the Office for Budget Responsibility predic

178、ts the UK economy will grow by 2%in 2025 and 1.8%in 2026.Should the economy achieve this level of growth,UK higher education stands ready to capitalise.In the QS World Future Skills Indexs Academic Readiness and Future of Work indicators,the UK performs well.With 103 ranked universities,and generall

179、y strong employer and academic reputation and good graduate outcomes,UK universities clearly have the capacity and in-built talent to teach the skills necessary for the future of work.Some UK universities,such as Oxford Brookes University and Loughborough University,have a low QS World University Ra

180、nking position,but still have a high employer reputation,indicating a strong alignment between industry and academia30.To fully realise this potential,the UK government must drive innovation and productivity in future industries.In the medium-to long-term,the UK government must invest in higher educ

181、ation and encourage international collaboration,research innovation and industry partnerships to drive economic growth31.The Economy 2030 Inquiry report,How higher education can boost people-powered growth corroborates this,stating that:It is not enough to pay lip-service to the excellence of our un

182、iversities.They should be supported and promoted so that they can fully play their role in boosting our economy and strengthening our society.As a strong example,Canadas higher education sector plays a critical role in its research and development efforts,with C$16.6 billion allocated to R&D activit

183、ies in 2021/2022a 4.5%increase from the previous year32.This investment in R&D by universities and colleges is supported through various channels,including internal funding,private non-profit contributions,and government grants.Despite a slight decrease in federal support,Canadas higher education se

184、ctor remains highly active in R&D,contributing to one of the highest R&D intensities among G7 countries.These efforts foster innovation and productivity seen in Canadas rising GDP per capita highlighting the economic benefits of a strong research-focused higher education sector.28 London School of E

185、conomics:Boosting growth and productivity in the United Kingdom through investments in the sustainable economy 202429 The Productivity Institute(Boosting productivity:why doesnt the UK invest enough?)30 These universities rank will have been brought down by other indicators used to compile the ranki

186、ngs.31 The Economy 2030 Enquiry:How higher education can boost people-powered growth 32 Statistics Canada:Spending on research and development in the higher education sector,2021/2022UK Future of Worksub-indicator scoresUK Academic Readinesssub-indicator scoresAI97.8Green98.9Digital82.497.897.897.4A

187、IDigitalGreenUK Economic Transformationsub-indicator scores Economic Capacity55.8Workforce Readiness76.3Future-OrientedInnovation and Sustainability 79.3QS World Future Skills Index 4445Global analysisHigher education innovation and continued financial sustainability is fundamental to a thriving eco

188、nomyStrong positive correlation is clear between a thriving economy and the satisfaction of that countrys employers with the skills of its workforce.Equally,the correlation is clear between that satisfaction and the excellence of that countrys higher education system.Countries with a high Academic R

189、eadiness score stand ready to produce graduates with skills that align to future industries.Countries that have a strong Skills Fit performance have alignment between higher education and businesses.The future workers that are taught the skills necessary to realise their potential will drive economi

190、c productivity and further boost economic transformation.The correlation score between the Economic Transformation and Skills Fit metrics,and the Academic Readiness and Skills Fit metrics are relatively high.Scores of R=0.78 and R=0.75 indicate a strong positive correlation,meaning that as one varia

191、ble increases,the other tends to increase as well,and the relationship is fairly consistent.0102030405060708090100Skills Fit indicator Score0102030405060708090100Skills Fit indicator Score00102030405060708090100Economic Transformation indicator Score102030405060708090100Academic Readiness indicator

192、ScoreSource:QS World Future Skills IndexEconomic Transformation correlation with Skills FitSkills Fit correlation with Academic ReadinessR=0.78R=0.75QS World Future Skills Index 4647Global analysisIndias challenge lies in developing skills fit and in building economic transformationThe low Skills Fi

193、t score shows that,despite strong university performance in QS rankings,there is scope for improvement for India to prepare graduates with the digital,AI and green skills that employers are looking for.While India remains the fastest-growing major economy36,the scale of workforce transformation that

194、 is required will take time.The National Education Policy identifies this issue and central to this will be the facilitation of partnerships to establish foreign university integration into the local Indian university higher education system.36 World Bank Group:Indias economy to remain strong despit

195、e subdued global growth37 Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy(CMIE):Steady rise in salaried employment 38 UNESCO Institute for Statistics39 23 degrees:Environmental Performance IndexIndia must pivot to a greener economyThe Environmental Performance Index39,which we use as part of the QS World Futur

196、e Skills Index,provides a gauge at a national scale of how close countries are to established environmental policy targets.India scored 27.6,whereas the US and UK scored 57.3 and 72.7 respectively.Its clear that for India to make full use of the potential made available by its astounding GDP growth

197、it must pivot to a greener economy and upskill its young population with the necessary skills.Indias higher education system stands ready,with a large number of good and improving universities,but it must partner closely with industry to ensure curricula align with business needs.The Indian National

198、 Education Policy 2020(NEP 2020)is a well-documented example of alignment between higher education and government policy.The policy has been called a significant step forward in the modernisation of the higher education system and provides a roadmap for the future of education in India.33The QS All

199、Eyes on India report highlights this alignment and discusses the ongoing work to upgrade higher education in the country34.For higher education,the NEP proposes several reforms in higher education,including the establishment of a single regulator,a multidisciplinary approach,flexibility in curriculu

200、m,and increased use of technology.It aims to increase the Gross Enrolment Ratio(GER)in higher education and promote research and innovation.35The QS World Future Skills Index shows Indias potential,and its current challenges.Spotlight on IndiaWith a very strong Academic Readiness score,Indias univer

201、sities and business schools performed well in the QS World University Rankings by Subject 2024 in AI,green and digital subjects.Indeed,the number of Indian institutions in the QS World University Rankings has increased by 318%since 2015,so there are wider ongoing improvements in Indian higher educat

202、ion.A high volume of Indias businesses are looking for employees that have skills in those areas too,as evidenced by the countrys Future of Work score,highlighting that the job market stands ready to utilise innovative graduates.33 Impact of New Education Policy on Indian Economy34 QS All eyes on In

203、dia:Global partnerships to build a new education superpower35 Impact of New Education Policy on Indian EconomyNumber of Indian institutions in QS World University RankingsOver the past decade,India has increased its representation in the rankings bythe highest growth among the G20 nations.318%2024 2

204、02520152016201720182019202020212022 20234645413529282521201411With an unemployment rate of 7.8%37 and a gross graduation ratio from tertiary education thats almost half of the US or the UK38,India has work to do to build the necessary workforce for AI,digital and green jobs.With just 0.6%of its GDP

205、invested in research and development,India must increase this investment to drive innovation in the country.For comparison,the US invests 3.5%of its GDP in research and development,and the UK invests 2.9%.India Economic Transformationsub-indicator scores Economic Capacity100.0WorkforceReadiness37.6F

206、uture-OrientedInnovation and Sustainability 15.6India performance inQS World Future Skills IndexSkills Fit59.1Future of Work99.1Academic Readiness89.9EconomicTransformation58.3QS World Future Skills Index 4849Global analysisMany countries are ready for academic innovation2025303540455055606570758085

207、9095100105SingaporeNetherlandsBelarusAustraliaAustriaAzerbaijanBahrainBrazilBrunei DarussalamBulgariaCanadaChileChinaCosta RicaCroatiaCyprusCzech RepublicDenmarkEgyptEstoniaFranceGermanyGreeceHong Kong SARHungaryIcelandIndiaIndonesiaIrelandIsraelJapanJordanKazakhstanLuxembourgMalaysiaMexicoNorwayOma

208、nPakistanPhilippinesQatarRomaniaRussiaSloveniaSouth AfricaSouth KoreaSwedenTunisiaUnited StatesUruguayUzbekistanVietnamAcademic ReadinessFuture-Oriented Innovation and Sustainability020406080100Source:QS World Future Skills IndexA countrys higher education system is one of the key pipelines for prod

209、ucing talent.Countries that invest in high-quality academic programmes in AI,digital,and sustainability are setting themselves up for long-term success.A higher score in this indicator reflects that a country is more capable of meeting global standards for education,research,and skills development.W

210、hile a number of countries are academically ready to contribute to economic growth and are well-prepared to support future-focused industries and sustainable innovation,there is a broad spread of countries in need of strengthening their academic readiness.Vietnam,on the other hand,scores moderately

211、for Academic Readiness but scores lower in Future-Oriented Innovation and Sustainability.This indicates that while Vietnams education system is progressing,it has not yet fully integrated sustainable and innovative practices to prepare students for future-oriented sectors.The country is focusing on

212、improving foundational education and digital skills but lacks sufficient alignment with sustainable industry needs,which places it in a lower Academic Innovation Readiness bracket.Norway scores highly in both Academic Readiness and Future-Oriented Innovation and Sustainability.This high Academic Inn

213、ovation Readiness reflects Norways strong educational framework,which not only prepares students academically but also aligns well with future-focused,sustainable innovation sectors.Norways educational policies emphasise green technology and sustainable development,making it a leader in preparing a

214、workforce capable of meeting future industry demands.Spotlight on VietnamSpotlight on Norway51QS World Future Skills Index 50What can higher education do?What can higher education do?Higher education systems need to build greater agility in modular learning to nurture graduates that are ready for fu

215、ture skills.The student recruitment climate indicates that now is a good time to invest in modular learning and demand for MOOCs(free online courses without accreditation)is rising,according to the QS International Student Survey.Enable medium-term policy development around workforce reskilling thro

216、ugh the deployment of innovative new products across lifelong and personalised learning paths for at-risk workers,introducing modularised learning and advancing curricula to adapt to the skills needs of tomorrows workforce.In the short-term,support governments in closing identified industry skills g

217、aps through the attraction of international talent.Working with governmentModular learning is of increasing interest to international studentsDrive industry innovation through establishing international research partnerships targeted to the areas of aligned industrial need.Feed research innovation t

218、o industry with industry partnerships that drive commercial growth.Work with industry to advance the curricula to deliver relevant skills adoption.Working with industryInnovate by designing personalised,flexible pathways that support lifelong skills development,ensuring learners can continuously ada

219、pt to changing career landscapes and societal needs.Advance academic curricula by modularising learning experiences to empower individuals with the relevant skills required for success in todays dynamic world.Supporting students to thriveUniversities should act to meet this demand and develop lifelo

220、ng learning systems that are responsive to changing circumstances and ensure that individuals are proficient in the range of skills needed to support economic growth and social cohesion.4040 OECD Skills Outlook 2023:Skills for a Resilient Green and Digital TransitionSource:QS International Student S

221、urvey2020051015253520302021202220232024Year%of respondents who report being very or extremely interested in MOOCs International students very or extremely interested in Massive Open Online Courses(MOOCs)over timeQS World Future Skills Index 5253What can higher education do?In the QS World Future Ski

222、lls Index,the average Skills Fit score is just 58.8,showing there is still room for higher education sectors globally to improve their alignment between industry and academia.85%of countries have a Skills Fit score below 80.Professor Ian White,former Vice-Chancellor and President at the University o

223、f Bath,said:At the QS India Summit 2024,Saurabh Sinha,Executive Dean at the University of Canterbury gave a concrete example of good partnership:Higher education must align to business demands and close skill gaps 41 QS.com(How to nurture academia-industry partnerships with Professor Ian White)42 QS

224、.com(How can partnerships help to close skill gaps?)Under 80Over 8015%85%Source:QS World Future Skills IndexProportion of countries with a Skills Fit score over or under 80 in the QS World Future Skills Index“Increased academia-industry partnerships enable the University to ensure that it better ser

225、ves society through the kinds of research that we do,the curricula that we teach and the way that we envisage the relationship between academic learning and society at large.”41“Im particularly proud of the setup between science councils and our university because it had a transdisciplinary format.M

226、embers from science councils presented problems that theyre looking at and we developed a strategy across disciplines on how that could be resolved.This led to multidisciplinary projects and a programme over a multi-year period.”42It is essential that partnerships are equitable.Businesses globally s

227、hould make better use of the research and development resource universities provide and maximise the academic potential available in higher education.This means universities and businesses must come together and explore what each party needs from the other,and use these learnings to adapt curricula

228、and research strategy to better align.QS World Future Skills Index 5455Work with QSYour future workforce and skills partnerConnecting higher education,government policy,employer demands and student needsAttract high value international talent and fill short-term skills gaps Enrich your academic envi

229、ronment and meet specific talent needs Use globally-recognised frameworks to ensure institutions incorporate skills-led teaching into the curricula Adapt your programme portfolio and curricula with the help of expert QS consultants Engage with industry experts,government leaders and prospective part

230、ners at QS SummitsUtilise market intelligence and benchmarking to diagnose current and future skills gaps Understand evolving industry demands Accelerate your decision making with global insights,advanced analytics,data-visualisations and AI-powered toolsCreate and track personalised and skills-led

231、journeys for students Align individual student goals with the competencies required for their dream job Leverage the insights of higher education sector experts to inform and guide your employability strategyQS World Future Skills Index 5657AppendixHow do we calculate each of our indicators?Academic

232、 ReadinessA range of proprietary QS data and third-party data informs the QS World Future Skills Index.Our four indicators:Academic Readiness,Economic Transformation,Future of Work and Skills Fit,make up a countrys final score,with each indicator weighted equally at 25%.This dimension measures how w

233、ell a country is prepared for the future of work.We look at the number of universities assessed for the QS World University Rankings by Subject,and how they perform.By assigning equal weight to each,the Index provides a well-rounded assessment.A country cannot solely rely on strong academic performa

234、nce or a booming economy;it must show that its job market and educational system are aligned with future demands.We then measure this in tandem with population size if a country has a large population but few well-ranked institutions,for example,the country will be penalised.AppendixQS World Univers

235、ity Rankings by Subject average performance/per countryFuture skills related subjects/per country AcademicreputationCitationsper paperEmploymentreputationInternationalresearch networkDigitalAIGreenPopulation sizeSkills FitThe Skills Fit indicator measures how well countries are equipping graduates w

236、ith the skills that employers desire.This is assessed by determining the gap between what employers find important and their level of satisfaction with the skills provided by graduates.This is done using data from the QS Global Employer Survey,the largest of its kind,and data from the World Bank Gro

237、up.Since 2021,over 100,000 employers have rated the importance of certain skills and their satisfaction in their graduate hires.Adaptivelifelong skillCategorySkillSkills FitSkill prioritySkill fulfillmentHuman-centredleadershipEntrepreneurialand innovativemindsetSustainable andethical workforce1234A

238、ctive learningProblem solvingReliance and flexibilityAnalytical skillsCreativityEmotional intelligenceLeadershipCommunicationInterpersonal skillsTeamworkNegotiating skills and salesBusiness managementOrganisationCreativitySustainable mindsetEthics and social responsibilityNote:For the purpose of thi

239、s report,higher education refers to institutions delivering degree-level and research-based education.We acknowledge the distinct yet complementary contributions of Further Education in vocational training and immediate skill delivery.QS World Future Skills Index 5859AppendixFuture of WorkThe Future

240、 of Work indicator evaluates a countrys readiness to recruit for the skills needed in the jobs of tomorrow.Specifically,it measures how well the job market is prepared Over 280m job postings analysed worldwideMeasures readiness for tomorrows crucial skillsComparestraditional skills with future-focus

241、ed skillsCompares skill penetration in national economiesDigitalAIGreenQS proprietary skills taxonomy-including 30,000+unique skills9,500 unique skills assessed forDigital,AI and GreenOver 180m skills referenced in280m job postingsAverage 28%growth YoY in digital,AI and green skills categoriesto mee

242、t the growing demand for digital,AI,and green skills,all of which are becoming critical as economies transition towards technology-driven and sustainable industries.Economic TransformationEconomic Transformation uses a weighted formula to assess a countrys readiness to support the growth and future

243、of work and skills by examining various key indicators.The Index highlights whether a country has the infrastructure,investment power,and talent available to transition to industries driven by AI,digital transformation,green technologies,and high-skilled work,using data from the World Bank Group,UNE

244、SCO Institute for Statistics and the Education Policy Institute.Each bar corresponds to the weight assigned.EconomicmomentumInvestmentpowerInfrastructureinvesmentEfficiencyengineGDP growthGross fixed capital formationGross fixedcapital formation(%GDP)Labour productivityUnemployment rateLabour potent

245、ialGross graduation ratiofrom tertiary educationWorkforceutilisationTalentavailabilityHigher educationoutputResearch and development expenditure(%of GDP)Population ages 15-64Environmental performance indexInnovationcapacityYouthpotentialGreenreadinessEconomic CapacityWorkforce ReadinessFuture-Orient

246、ed Innovation and Sustainability QS World Future Skills Index 6061AppendixQS World Future Skills Index:Full resultsCountry/LocationSkills FitAcademic ReadinessFuture Of WorkEconomic TransformationFinal ScoreUnited States94.498.2100.097.997.6United Kingdom100.0100.095.692.797.1Germany89.299.694.794.7

247、94.6Australia87.298.996.590.693.3Canada90.997.897.478.191.0Netherlands88.699.390.481.289.9Switzerland80.797.182.696.889.3France84.892.691.384.388.2Singapore83.291.792.285.488.1South Korea84.488.476.5100.087.3China78.593.987.888.587.2Spain76.496.393.070.884.1Israel70.693.073.098.983.9Sweden80.495.172

248、.286.483.5Japan73.487.974.795.883.0Belgium72.495.971.391.682.8Ireland81.895.586.167.782.8Denmark73.096.766.193.782.4Hong Kong SAR77.098.669.580.281.3Italy70.397.485.269.780.7Finland76.193.462.687.579.9New Zealand75.694.780.063.578.5Norway94.356.583.378.0Poland68.585.386.968.777.3India59.189.999.158.

249、376.6Portugal71.092.166.976.076.5Czech Republic72.477.582.671.876.1Austria66.590.864.382.275.9United Arab Emirates71.690.377.460.474.9Country/LocationSkills FitAcademic ReadinessFuture Of WorkEconomic TransformationFinal ScoreGreece62.385.965.272.971.6Brazil44.183.178.277.070.6Malaysia64.091.288.635

250、.469.8Thailand58.181.480.852.068.1Mexico54.880.898.237.567.8Lithuania61.487.452.266.666.9Hungary59.384.268.654.166.6Russia73.484.833.873.966.5Saudi Arabia56.982.573.851.066.1Trkiye62.173.360.064.565.0Colombia58.382.089.527.064.2Costa Rica67.579.145.864.1Argentina57.883.784.323.962.4Philippines47.666

251、.693.840.662.2Estonia70.153.061.461.5Kazakhstan67.875.540.859.360.9Egypt45.476.975.644.760.6Indonesia60.074.067.839.560.3Lebanon45.986.446.959.7Chile63.188.970.413.559.0Qatar45.579.559.147.958.0Romania43.072.558.248.955.7Vietnam58.174.757.431.255.4Jordan49.278.249.541.654.6Slovenia49.135.679.154.6Bu

252、lgaria37.656.061.757.253.1Peru51.080.154.726.053.0Latvia56.460.746.146.852.5South Africa28.389.481.710.452.4QS World Future Skills Index 6263Country/LocationSkills FitAcademic ReadinessFuture Of WorkEconomic TransformationFinal ScoreBahrain47.262.733.055.249.6Ukraine57.971.851.315.649.1Bangladesh39.

253、165.742.649.1Luxembourg54.847.843.748.7Kuwait36.369.340.048.5Belarus57.640.429.565.648.3Iceland31.620.089.547.0Pakistan35.778.963.44.145.5Croatia36.435.662.544.8Uruguay40.659.560.817.744.7Brunei Darussalam29.870.930.243.6Ecuador30.664.841.734.342.8Armenia25.345.250.040.2Uzbekistan48.157.229.516.637.

254、9Cyprus45.244.237.418.736.4Azerbaijan31.850.627.829.134.8Oman32.542.529.533.334.4Panama24.250.428.134.2Sri Lanka43.542.66.230.8Morocco17.053.820.830.5Tunisia29.037.419.728.7Algeria21.322.632.225.4Tajikistan16.726.921.821.8Appendix*Where a country lacks an indicator score,this reflects insufficient data available to evaluate overall performanceWould you like more in-depth analysis of the QS World Future Skills Index for your country?Connect with one of our expert consultants QS.com