《戴德梁行：2025亞太地區數據中心建設成本指南（英文版）（27頁）.pdf》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關《戴德梁行：2025亞太地區數據中心建設成本指南（英文版）（27頁）.pdf（27頁珍藏版）》請在三個皮匠報告上搜索。

1、Cushman&Wakefields Data Centre Construction Cost Guide 2025 provides a comprehensive analysis of both land purchase and data centre construction costs across Asia Pacific and a look at some of the key themes shaping the sectorCONSTRUCTIONCOST GUIDE2025Last updated:15 January 2025CUSHMAN&WAKEFIELD|AS

2、IA PACIFIC-DATA CENTRE CONSTRUCTION COST GUIDE 2025CUSHMAN&WAKEFIELD|ASIA PACIFIC-DATA CENTRE CONSTRUCTION COST GUIDE 2025 GREATER KUALA LUMPUR JOHOR BAHRU GREATER JAKARTA BATAM TAIPEI SHANGHAI BEIJING HONG KONG BANGKOK SINGAPORE HANOI HO CHI MINH CITY BANGALORE HYDERABAD CHENNAI MUMBAI DELHI SEOUL

3、BUSAN TOKYO OSAKA GREATER MANILA PERTH SYDNEY MELBOURNE AUCKLANDData Centre Thought LeadershipAsia Pacific Data Centre UpdatesOur biannual market updates provides comprehensive summaries of notable cities across the region.Asia Pacific Capabilities BrochureLearn more about our data centre capabiliti

4、es across Asia Pacific,including regional and local market insights,our services,key client case studies and contacts.Global Data Centre Market ComparisonAn annual signature Cushman&Wakefield report that explores a unique way to assess and score 63 global primary and emerging data centre markets uti

5、lising 13 criteria.Cushman&Wakefield is recognised as a leader in first-to-market data centre thought leadership with quality market intelligence released regularly each year.We have a number of signature reports that will provide data centre operators,developers and investors insights to help devel

6、op their data centre strategies across Asia Pacific.2024 WinnersData Centre Market Intelligence AwardFIND OUT MORE 2Click on the text below to go to each section26 data centre locations,including 90 clusters,featured across the region.CUSHMAN&WAKEFIELD|ASIA PACIFIC-DATA CENTRE CONSTRUCTION COST GUID

7、E 2025Asia Pacific Market OverviewRegional Land and Construction Cost Key FindingsIt has been another year of strong growth for the data centre sector across Asia Pacific,driven by relentless digitization and accelerated by demographic tailwinds including a growing middle class and population growth

8、.The ongoing maturation of the sector is evident in the build out now underway in emerging markets including Indonesia and Malaysia,while demand in established markets like Australia,Japan and South Korea remains strong.While Artificial Intelligence(AI)is yet to make a material impact in the region,

9、both the scale of new developments and rack densities have increased in anticipation of the additional compute power AI will require.From an investment perspective,2024 was punctuated by the Blackstone-led consortiums$16 billion purchase of AirTrunk,which perhaps signalled the sectors growth traject

10、ory and the expectation of ongoing demand more clearly than any other indicator.Regional construction costs continue to rise,but at a slower pace.Average construction cost inflation across Asia Pacific in 2024-2025 is 3.8%,down from 4.9%in 2023-2024.The top five most expensive construction markets r

11、emained unchanged from last year,albeit ranked differently.Only India and Australia saw the rate of construction inflation increase,in both cases primarily driven by strong demand from both local and international players.In all other markets,the rate of inflation slowed or plateaued as pandemic-ind

12、uced supply chain disruption continued to unwind.India,Australia and Indonesia saw the greatest increase in construction costs(5%);Hong Kong China saw the slowest rate of inflation(2.1%).Across the region,powered greenfield sites suitable for data centres have become increasingly scarce,driving land

13、 prices higher.This scarcity of land has encouraged a move towards innovative redevelopment of brownfield sites.3CUSHMAN&WAKEFIELD|ASIA PACIFIC-DATA CENTRE CONSTRUCTION COST GUIDE 2025James B.NormandaleAuthor&Head of Technical Services,Data Centre Group,Asia PacificClick on the text below to go to e

14、ach sectionThis years report collates the most comprehensive land and construction cost data available in the market and provides an overview of some of the key themes impacting the sector.Locations CoveredExecutive SummaryKey Themes in the Asia Pacific Data Centre Market#1 Power Availability&Cost#2

15、 The Impact of AI#3 Investment TrendsSpecifications&Key AssumptionsIndividual Market Cost IndexAppendixAustralia Greater China IndiaIndonesiaJapanMalaysiaNew ZealandPhilippinesSingaporeSouth KoreaThailandVietnamRegional Development Cost ScenariosRegional Land Cost IndexRegional Construction Cost Ind

16、exConstruction Cost Market MoversCUSHMAN&WAKEFIELD|ASIA PACIFIC-DATA CENTRE CONSTRUCTION COST GUIDE 2025The ongoing maturation of the data centre sector continues to bring both opportunities and challenges to local markets and the region as a whole.In compiling the data for this report,the following

17、 themes stood out.Power availability continues to top the list of challenges in almost all locations,with some mature markets now facing wait times of around seven years.Alongside this challenge,demand for renewable power continues to grow,driven by interconnected pressures including cost,power grid

18、 decarbonization,regulation and reputation.Rather than slowing development,power constraints are driving innovative solutions and brownfield redevelopments;nuclear alternatives are increasingly being considered where regulation permits.Along with their demand for power,data centres water and land us

19、e has seen resistance from community groups and governments,with early signs that increased regulation could be forthcoming in some markets.Greener data centres are coming.More sustainable materials that reduce the embodied carbon of concrete and steel are being trialled and renewable power remains

20、the gold standard.The sectors relentless growth continues to attract investment at scale,funding ongoing development despite increasing land and construction costs.While mature markets remain the primary investment destinations,emerging markets are attracting increasing interestespecially those wher

21、e streamlined ownership structures and incentives are available.Investment is driving rapid evolution:research into cooling and construction techniques that will deliver cost savings,compress delivery timelines and drive operational efficiencies continues at pace.The pool of skilled labour available

22、 for both the construction and operation of data centres remains relatively shallow across most markets,and particularly so in emerging markets where adjacent talent poolsthose capable of building other large-scale industrial and/or uptime-sensitive structuresmay also be small.In the following pages

23、,we take a closer look at three of the key themes impacting data centre construction:-10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 90,000 100,000TaiwanJapanSouth KoreaNew ZealandAustraliaHong Kong SARSingaporeUnited KingdomUnited StatesMarkets with 100,000 People/MWTom GibsonHead of Proje

24、ct&Development Services,Sustainability&ESG,and Data Centre Group,Asia Pacific4Underpinning all of these key themes is the population-to-capacity differential between Asia Pacific and other key markets.This remains the greatest driver of data centre development across Asia Pacific.Power Availability&

25、CostThe Impact of AIInvestment TrendsOPERATIONAL CAPACITY PER POPULATIONCUSHMAN&WAKEFIELD|ASIA PACIFIC-DATA CENTRE CONSTRUCTION COST GUIDE 2025Power is essential for data centresThe International Energy Agency(IEA)estimates that Asia Pacific nations cumulatively account for about 50%of global power

26、generation.The IEA has also reported a 246%increase in power production in Asia Pacific between 2000 and 2022.While the industrial sector remains the largest consumer of power,and rising temperatures have accelerated power demand for cooling requirements,data centres are rapidly increasing their sha

27、re of power consumption:globally,they are forecast to consume over 1,000 terawatt hours by 2026.The demand for power has outstripped the pace of power generation across most markets,leading to lengthy wait times for new greenfield data centre builds.In many markets,new power connections taking betwe

28、en 18 and 36 months have become the norm,while other markets have paused the allocation process or have timelines that extend between five and seven years.Owing to such challenges,powered land is attracting a significant sales premium.Operators are also starting to explore alternative locations with

29、 power availability for their new builds.The relationship between scale,PUE and costPower costs,while a pass-through for colocation data centre operators,is a significant component of the operating expenses for end users.The power tariff in Asia Pacific in November 2024 averaged 11.5 cents per kilow

30、att hour,resulting in an annual power cost of$30.2 million to run a 20 MW IT workload at a Power Usage Effectiveness(PUE)of 1.5.(Note there is a 2.7x difference between the most and least expensive power tariffs across the region.)Per Cushman&Wakefield estimates,a 0.1 reduction in PUE would result i

31、n$1.9 million in annual power cost savings.This cost variable has implications for location strategy and data centre networks,particularly as AI heralds increased workload deployment.Pritesh Swamy Head,Research&Insights,Data Centre Group,Asia Pacific“Per Cushman&Wakefield estimates,a 0.1 reduction i

32、n PUE would result in$1.9 million in annual power cost savings.”5ACROSS THE REGION:THE POWER COST OF A 20MW DATA CENTRE(PUE 1.5)Sub-RegionMarketTariff USD(cents)Annual Power Cost(millions)Monthly Power Cost$/kW*SEASingapore19.1950.4138ANZNew Zealand(Auckland)14.9439.3108North AsiaJapan(Tokyo)14.2237

33、.4102Gr.ChinaTaiwan(Taipei)13.8136.399SEAPhilippines(Metro Manila)13.5935.798SEAIndonesia(Jakarta)12.2332.188ANZAustralia(Sydney)11.9731.586SEAThailand(Bangkok)10.4827.575Gr.ChinaChinese Mainland(Shanghai)10.0926.573Gr.ChinaHong Kong(Kowloon)9.8225.871North AsiaSouth Korea(Seoul)9.1424.066SEAMalaysi

34、a(Kuala Lumpur)7.3219.253SEAVietnam(HCMC)7.2118.952SEAIndia(Mumbai)6.7117.648AVERAGE11.4830.283Notes:CUSHMAN&WAKEFIELD|ASIA PACIFIC-DATA CENTRE CONSTRUCTION COST GUIDE 2025MARKETPOWER AVAILABILITYPOWER WAIT TIMEPOWER TARIFFCOMMENTARYANZAUSTRALIA(SYDNEY)Continual investment in modern grid infrastruct

35、ure to shorten power wait timesIt can take 2 to 3 years for new power connections in key locations such as Sydney The market remains a strategic APAC business location for DC operators.NEW ZEALAND(AUCKLAND)60%of power comes from hydro;reduced rainfall can stress the power networkNew connection timel

36、ine can be under six months thanks to low data centre capacity 14.9 cents/kWh power tariff is among top 5 most expensive power markets.GREATER CHINACHINESE MAINLAND(SHANGHAI)Differentiated tariff plan to improve power consumption efficiency will be rolled out by 2026Data centres operating under PUE

37、of 1.35 in Beijing and 1.25 in Shanghai will benefit from lower tariffs and fiscal incentives;higher PUEs may face penaltiesThe new connection process is efficient and easy to obtain.HONGKONGPower supply for new builds can take over 3 years,depending on requirementsRecent announcements on renewable

38、power commitment by large American hyperscaler may attract investments to improve the green energy supply in Hong Kong.TAIWAN(TAIPEI)Taiwan has stopped approving power for 5 MW data centers in the region north of Taoyuan owing to insufficient power supplyPower connections for new data centres can ta

39、ke over 3 years.NORTH ASIASOUTH KOREA(SEOUL)Seouls tarrif is among the more affordable however,a lack of suitable land parcels and power availability make it a difficult market to enterObtaining power supply for new builds can take up to 2 years in key data centre clusters.JAPAN(TOKYO)18 new substat

40、ions are planned by 2030 to meet power demand,but Tokyos power shortage is constraining current DC development.Operators are evaluating alternative locations where power is available such as Tsukuba,Osaka,etc.Nuclear power operations are being considered by developers as Japan continues to unwind a

41、ban on nuclear power generation put in place following the Fukushima incident in 2011.MARKETPOWER AVAILABILITYPOWER WAIT TIMEPOWER TARIFFCOMMENTARYINDIAINDIA(MUMBAI)India has the second largest installed capacity in APAC;and the second largest renewable power capacity.State governments including Tam

42、il Nadu,Telangana,and Maharashtra have streamlined the power wait time to under 270 days,depending on requirements.SOUTHEAST ASIAINDONESIA(JAKARTA)Most power in data centre clusters in Jakarta has already been committed;obtaining new power connections can take up to 3 yearsPower supply needs augment

43、ation for new data centre development to continue80%of the power supply comes from fossil fuels.MALAYSIA(KUALA LUMPUR)Johor is the fastest growing market in APAC with over 3 GW of potential development pipeline(Kuala Lumpur has 1.5 GW)Such extensive development has caused authorities to reject aroun

44、d one-third of recent power applications in Johor.PHILIPPINES(MANILA)Philippines installed power capacity of 28 GW is one of the lowest in APAC,and the cause of frequent power outagesThere has been a sharp rise in power tariffs during the last 18 months,Manilas 13.6 cents/kWh is almost two times tha

45、t of some cities in India and Malaysia.SINGAPORESingapore is the most constrained market for new power applications,with a dedicated process(the Data Centre Call for Application or DC-CFA)to manage applications in place since 2022Singapores 19.19 cents/kWh tariff makes it one of the three most expen

46、sive markets in APAC.THAILAND(BANGKOK)New power connections can take up to 2 years based on locationBureaucracy and infrastructure constraints have delayed power supply timelines,especially in industrial zones in BangkokHowever,the power authority is prepared to assist with the power extension proce

47、ss,making it convenient for operators.VIETNAM(HO CHI MINH CITY)Frequent power outages are common in Vietnam,as the national power grid struggles to keep up with peak demand The government is working to add 6.6 GW of additional power capacity,but this could take several years.Notes:8%2%2yrs15c/kWh8%2

48、%2yrs15c/kWh6The cost of power is one of the most significant operating expenses of a data centre.While power availability varies across markets,a lack of power doesnt necessarily mean a lack of construction,with developers increasingly looking to brownfield redevelopment,and research into alternati

49、ve power sources continuing at pace.CUSHMAN&WAKEFIELD|ASIA PACIFIC-DATA CENTRE CONSTRUCTION COST GUIDE 2025It is likely to be several more years before the full impact of AI is felt in Asia Pacific.The region trails both the United States and Europe in terms of AI deployment,although several operato

50、rs have acquired land parcels and are actively planning their AI data centres.Regardless,lessons from other regions provide some early insights.LocationTheoretically,learning AI data centres are location agnostic.But the challenges of establishing new infrastructure in remote locations means they ar

51、e likely to continue being built in or around existing infrastructure and talent.To avoid cannibalizing the power of existing availability zones,proximate industrial sites could be suitable locations for learning AI data centres.Resource AvailabilityThe International Monetary Fund(IMF)has ranked maj

52、or Asia Pacific markets including Singapore,Hong Kong,South Korea,Japan and Australia among the top 20 markets in both the AI Preparedness Index and the Digital Infrastructure Index.However,challenges with land and/or power availability,especially in key data centre clusters,could mean operators loo

53、k to alternative,emerging locations that have the power and water availability to support their AI deployments and long-term scalability.Data Sovereignty The introduction of data sovereignty laws could be one of the greatest challenges to AI deployment.It is likely that such laws will make it challe

54、nging to locate learning data centres in a single market.Operators may also need to comply with data reporting and sharing regulations introduced by respective governments.These laws are likely to significantly impact data centre location strategy.Design&ConstructionIn response to the rapid uptake e

55、xpected from AI,a number of data centres that were in either the planning or early development stages have since been modified into so-called hybrid data centres capable of accommodating both cloud and AI requirements.These hybrid designs may include greater loading on alternate floors and/or increa

56、sed ceiling heights to house new cooling requirements.These accommodations have been made somewhat in advance of the cooling technologies themselves.While several forms of liquid cooling,including immersion and direct-to-chip,are currently available,these technologies are yet to achieve full confide

57、nce among data centre operators and users,with research into their durability,maintenance,leakage and compatibility continuing.ObsolescenceDespite the rapidly evolving landscape,the good news is that data centres built post-2020 remain largely relevant today.Continued demand from cloud firms and ent

58、erprise clients minimise the risk of obsolescencea real consideration for investors given the significant amounts of capital involved in the sector.As technology continues to evolve,current best practice is to build for agilitythe ability to consume and process the maximum number of megawatts and to

59、 allow end-users to deploy the hardware to support AI workloads.7Vivek Dahiya Head of Advisory&Transaction Services,Data Centre Group,Asia Pacific00.050.10.150.20.2500.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.9SingaporeNew ZealandJapanAustraliaSouth KoreaHong Kong,ChinaTaiwan,ChinaChina MainlandMalaysiaThailandIndon

60、esiaPhilippinesIndiaVietnamAI Preparedness IndexDigital Infrastructure IndexSource:INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND ASIA PACIFIC AI READINESS COMPARISONCUSHMAN&WAKEFIELD|ASIA PACIFIC-DATA CENTRE CONSTRUCTION COST GUIDE 2025ESTIMATED COST OF DEVELOPMENT PIPELINE PER MARKET (USD BILLIONS)8At the end of Q2

61、2024,there was over 13.5 GW of colocation capacity either under construction or in the planning stages in Asia Pacific,with about 32%of this upcoming stock located within five cities:Sydney,Tokyo,Singapore,Hong Kong and Mumbai.This is in addition to the hundreds of acres land banked by operators for

62、 future builds.By Cushman&Wakefield estimates,this development pipeline(excluding land banking)equates to a capital requirement of over$125 billion and provides an opportunity to generate over$14 billion in annual colocation rent.These new builds can potentially achieve 13%to 16%yield-on-cost ratios

63、 for developersfigures that have well and truly captured the attention of investors who are closely monitoring how the sector will be funded and held in the long term.“By Cushman&Wakefield estimates,this development pipeline equates to a capital requirement of over$125 billion and provides an opport

64、unity to generate over$14 billion in annual colocation rent.”Exposure and consolidationFrom an investment perspective,two things are clear today(and they are not mutually exclusive).Firstly,there is a vast array of participants with ready capital seeking exposure to development.Secondly,there is an

65、attitude of needing to make an investment to be at the table.These investments are rapidly evolving from smaller plays on,for example,a piece of land or a nascent operator,to larger scale deployments requiring consortiums that bring together a number of varied positions.Although some of these plays

66、will not be successful,we will in time arrive at a consolidated number of regional and/or global players holding strong client relationships through either operating businesses or through prime leases.Transaction activity has begunAt the asset level(as distinct from the entity/operator level),we hav

67、e begun to see an uptick in transaction activity in Japan,Korea and Singapore.Mostly,these are legacy data centres that are more than likely to have leaned into enterprise tenants and colocation operators(rather than hyperscale),and which are not necessarily representative of todays power demands an

68、d specifications.These transactions have nonetheless provided some clarity around pricing and as a result,we have seen a flurry of valuation activity reflecting notable entity-level transactions as well as these one-off trades.Navigating the risk/returnA long-term lease might see embedded growth ahe

69、ad of inflation,but it certainly wont enjoy the often-quoted 20%+CAGR growth seen in the broader digital economy.Investments sitting higher up the risk curve might take the form of operator exposure(OpCo or OpCo-PropCo),a shell&core developer leaning into the provision of a powered shell with some l

70、evel of involvement in mechanical,electrical and plumbing(MEP)systems,or a speculative site acquisition with the potential to secure the necessary power,water and fibre to satisfy the sale requirements for data centre construction in future.The variety of opinions on how to capture the sectors growt

71、h is substantial.Gordon Marsden Head of Capital Markets,Asia PacificNotes:The above estimates are high-level calculations based on 2024 construction rates.The actual costs vary across markets and escalate y-o-y based on inflation and other economic parameters.The calculations and assumptions used in

72、 this analysis are only for theoretical comparison.The average construction cost is based on the mid-range specification for the Multi-Level Hyperscaler Data Centre Development(10 Acres Approx.+50 MW Operational Load)for respective markets.The average colocation rent is factored at$120/kW/month for

73、Sydney,Tokyo,Mumbai,Hong Kong and Singapore;other locations at$100/kW/month.Annual Colocation Rental OpportunityAPACTop 5 citiesEstimated Gross Yield on CostAPACTop 5 cities34.117.417.115.215.08.25.15.12.72.31.11.10.40.30.010.020.030.040.0JapanMalaysiaIndiaAustraliaChina,MainlandSouth KoreaHong Kong

74、 SARIndonesiaThailandSingaporeNew ZealandPhilippinesChina,TaiwanVietnamCUSHMAN&WAKEFIELD|ASIA PACIFIC-DATA CENTRE CONSTRUCTION COST GUIDE 2025BASE BUILDModel Assumption CategoryLow SpecificationMid SpecificationHigh SpecificationQuality of Construction(Incl.Materials&Supplier Spec.)$-$Average qualit

75、y$-$Good quality$Prestige qualityQuality vs Performance A good cost-to performance ratioA premium dependable facility A fault-tolerant facility ideal for consistentlyRedundancy&Operational StandardTier 2Tier 3Tier 3-4Source PathsSingle systemnon-redundantMultiple redundancy(1 x active+1 x passive)Mu

76、ltiple(2 x active)(Zero points of failure)Carrier NeutralNoYesYesRack Power Density10-30kW Per rack10-50 kW Per rack10-125+kW Per rackPower Source1 path from 1 substationMultiple paths 1-2 substationsMultiple paths,multiple substaionsPower Source Redundancy1 path From 1 Substation2 Diverse paths Fro

77、m 1-2 Substations2 Diverse Paths From 2 SubstationsWater Source Redundancy1 path from 1 mains2 Diverse paths From 1-2 mains2 Diverse paths from 1-2 mainsGenerator RedundancyN-N+2N+1,block redundant-2N N+1,block redundant 2N+1Cooling RedundancyN-N+2N+2N+2-2N+1UPS RedundancyN-N+2N+1,block redundant-2N

78、 N+1,block redundant 2N+1Cooling TechnologyAir CooledAir CooledLiquid CoolingFIT OUTModel Assumption CategoryLow SpecificationMid SpecificationHigh SpecificationQuality of Construction(Incl.Materials&Supplier Spec.)$-$Average quality$-$Good quality$Prestige qualityDesign For Maintenance Without Disr

79、uptionNoYesYesCompartmentalisationNoYesYesSpaceCabinetsCabinets/CagesCabinets/Cages/Private SuitesServicesLow Density Mid Density High Density/Private AIFloor LoadingLow CapacityMid-High CapacityMid-High CapacityCoverage Interconnection(If Applicable)NoCross Connect Cross Link DC-DCCross Connect Cro

80、ss Link DC-DCLANDModel Assumption CategoryLow RangeMid RangeHigh RangeLand Price Quality$-$Average quality$-$Good quality$Prestige qualityLocationRemote,Low Demand,Minimal InfrastructureSuburban,Moderate Demand,Infrastructure AvailablePrime Location,High Demand,Infrastructure AvailableThe low,mid an

81、d high range categories referenced in the following pages reference the specifications and key assumptions for base build,fit out and land models below.The low,mid and high-cost ranges are provided as a benchmark across the various categories.CUSHMAN&WAKEFIELD|ASIA PACIFIC-DATA CENTRE CONSTRUCTION C

82、OST GUIDE 2025Land costs have soared across most of the region.In mature markets,a scarcity of suitable powered sites has driven prices to record highs.Globally,land banking of increasingly large sites continues,but as the number of suitable sites dwindles operators are also turning to alternative w

83、ays to access power infrastructure,including decommissioned power plants and existing industrial estates.Mature markets occupy the 18 most expensive land cost clusters with the single exception of Central Jakarta,which is the fourth most expensive cluster thanks to strong demand.Unsurprisingly,inner

84、 city clusters dominate the most expensive rankings,although transaction volumes are relatively limited.While enterprise demand for the proximity and familiarity offered by inner city locations remains,increasing digitization and data centre scale is likely to see demand migrate to adjacent,more aff

85、ordable areas.CUSHMAN&WAKEFIELD|ASIA PACIFIC-DATA CENTRE CONSTRUCTION COST GUIDE 2024/2510CountryCityClusterLow$/SQMMid$/SQMHigh$/SQMSouth KoreaSeoulGangnam$28,448$59,266$148,641Taiwan,ChinaTaipeiNeihu District$9,746$13,923$18,635JapanGreater TokyoCentral Tokyo$7,519$11,278$15,038IndonesiaGreater Ja

86、kartaCentral Jakarta$4,871$9,393$13,916South KoreaSeoulSouth West Seoul$3,594$8,750$12,565JapanOsakaCentral Osaka$4,511$7,268$10,025Taiwan,ChinaTaipeiSanchong District$6,426$6,962$7,390JapanGreater TokyoKawasaki$5,013$6,266$7,519Taiwan,ChinaTaipeiBanqiao District$4,927$6,105$7,390Hong Kong,ChinaHong

87、 KongHong Kong Island$5,173$5,912$6,651South KoreaSeoulIncheon/West Gyeonggi$1,826$5,256$10,381South KoreaSeoulSouth Gyeonggi$453$4,936$11,768Hong Kong,ChinaHong KongSha Tin$3,991$4,434$4,877Hong Kong,ChinaHong KongTsuen Wan$3,695$4,138$4,582South KoreaSeoulSeongnam$1,136$4,135$11,595Hong Kong,China

88、Hong KongFanling$3,547$3,991$4,434JapanGreater TokyoSagamihara$3,008$3,759$4,511Taiwan,ChinaTaipeiTaoyuan$1,499$3,749$5,355IndiaHyderabadWest Hyderabad$2,048$3,151$3,781IndiaMumbaiPowai$2,520$3,151$3,939JapanGreater TokyoSaitama$2,506$3,133$3,759South KoreaBusanDong-gu$853$2,607$9,071AustraliaSydney

89、Sydney CBD$2,163$2,433$2,650IndiaDelhi(NCR)Gurugram$1,518$2,363$2,838SingaporeSingaporePaya Lebar$1,447$2,170$2,894IndiaMumbaiThane$1,178$2,035$3,320Hong Kong,ChinaHong KongTseung Kwan O$1,478$1,921$2,217South KoreaBusanRest of Busan$521$1,892$10,194ThailandBangkokEast Bangkok/Samut Prakan$747$1,868

90、$2,990ThailandBangkokBangkok$955$1,832$2,772JapanOsakaNorth Osaka$1,253$1,629$2,005AustraliaSydneyNorth Shore$1,460$1,622$2,055IndiaBangalore(Bengaluru)Peripheral East$525$1,607$2,892IndiaBangalore(Bengaluru)Peripheral South$945$1,553$2,999ThailandBangkokNonthaburi$747$1,495$2,616AustraliaSydneyWest

91、ern Sydney$1,298$1,406$1,568JapanGreater TokyoInzai$752$1,253$1,754JapanOsakaKeihanna Science City$1,003$1,253$1,504SingaporeSingaporeSunview-Jurong$771$1,157$1,542AustraliaSydneyGreater Western Sydney$919$1,082$1,352MalaysiaJohor BahruJohor Bahru(City Fringe and City Centre)$579$1,037$1,583Singapor

92、eSingaporeBedok-Tampines$672$1,007$1,343South KoreaBusanGurang Dong$465$1,003$1,285New ZealandAucklandCentral$905$939$1,006New ZealandAucklandNorth$771$872$1,039CountryCityClusterLow$/SQMMid$/SQMHigh$/SQMIndiaChennaiAmbattur$503$857$1,339SingaporeSingaporeLoyang$548$823$1,097AustraliaMelbourneEaster

93、n Melbourne$703$779$963New ZealandAucklandTakanini$731$771$872IndiaChennaiSiruseri$343$750$1,339AustraliaMelbourneNorthern Melbourne$465$725$919IndiaDelhi(NCR)Noida$514$696$1,928New ZealandAucklandWestgate$570$637$704AustraliaMelbourneWestern Melbourne$357$606$719Chinese MainlandGreater BeijingChang

94、ping$397$466$536MalaysiaKuala LumpurCyberjaya and Greater Selangor$382$453$519AustraliaPerthNorthbridge-EW$216$379$541Chinese MainlandGreater BeijingFangshan-Daxing$305$359$413MalaysiaJohor BahruPulai/Nusajaya$306$349$393Chinese MainlandGreater BeijingShunyi$261$345$437VietnamHo Chi Minh CityHCMC CB

95、D-Tan Thuan EPZ$213$344$515AustraliaPerthMalaga-Wangara$178$292$406VietnamHo Chi Minh CityRest of HCMC$240$281$336Chinese MainlandGreater ShanghaiPujiang-Zhoupu$235$272$644IndiaHyderabadSouth$118$268$482MalaysiaJohor BahruKulai&Sedenak$202$257$322IndiaMumbaiPanvel$129$246$375Chinese MainlandGreater

96、ShanghaiSouth Shanghai$187$234$279Chinese MainlandGreater BeijingBeijing E-Town$191$231$354ThailandBangkokEEC$84$229$252Chinese MainlandGreater ShanghaiShanghai Baoshan&Jiading$156$213$341IndonesiaBatamCentral Batam$174$209$243IndonesiaGreater JakartaBekasi$174$205$237PhilippinesManilaLaguna$165$204

97、$243PhilippinesManilaCavite$163$196$228PhilippinesManilaBatangas$149$176$204IndonesiaGreater JakartaKarawang$139$174$209PhilippinesManilaPampanga$146$172$198PhilippinesManilaCebu$110$141$171PhilippinesManilaDavao$110$130$149Chinese MainlandGreater BeijingTianjin$95$126$204Chinese MainlandGreater Sha

98、nghaiJiaxing-Pinghu$84$115$166Chinese MainlandGreater BeijingLangfang$63$112$186VietnamHanoiHoa Lac Hi-Tech Park$87$109$131Chinese MainlandGreater ShanghaiChangshu$78$102$311Chinese MainlandGreater ShanghaiNantong$56$102$655VietnamHo Chi Minh CitySaigon Hi-tech Park$76$102$125Chinese MainlandGreater

99、 BeijingZhangjiakou$42$95$146Chinese MainlandGreater BeijingHuailai$37$71$105Chinese MainlandGreater BeijingZhangbei$36$48$56It should be noted that our methodology and source data for calculating land costs has been refined from last years edition to deliver more accurate rankings.This year,we have

100、 assessed up to nine clusters within each city and further refined the land parcels to those suited for data centres.The overall results have been ranked by cluster rather than by city to prevent these inner-city colo and retail clusters unduly influencing city-wide land costs.To account for this ch

101、ange in methodology,land costs should be assessed on a point-in-time basis,rather than year-on-year.ALL CLUSTER COMPARISON(LOW-HIGH RANGE COSTS,RANKED BY MID RANGE)CUSHMAN&WAKEFIELD|ASIA PACIFIC-DATA CENTRE CONSTRUCTION COST GUIDE 2025REGIONAL COST PER MEGAWATT COMPARISON(RANKED BY MID RANGE COST,BA

102、SED ON MID SPECIFICATION BUILD)11Top 5 MarketsConstruction costs continued to rise across Asia Pacific in 2024,increasing by an average of 3.8%year-on-year.The five most expensive markets remained constant,albeit ranked differently to 2023/24.Australia moved to third place as ongoing Cloud interest

103、drove greater international investment,while South Korea and Hong Kong,China both slipped one place on account of low inflation and a general market slowdown,respectively.Continued easing of supply chain stress and early signs of interest rate cuts across some markets provided relief from some of th

104、e most acute cost drivers of the past two years,although labour costs continued to increase,driven by both an ongoing shortage of skilled contractors and price increases by experienced players capitalizing on demand.As a point of reference,construction cost inflation in 2024 outstripped local Consum

105、er Price Index(CPI)inflation rates in all markets but India,where CPI has remained stubbornly high.While the rate of construction inflation slowed across the region year-on-year,the 3.8%increase on last years record high base reflects the ongoing strength of demand in key markets.MarketLow$/MWMid$/M

106、WHigh$/MWJapan$10,449,000$13,235,400$16,021,800Singapore$9,268,628$11,740,262$14,211,896Australia$7,604,533$9,632,409$11,660,284South Korea$7,503,756$9,504,758$11,505,759Hong Kong,China$7,414,298$9,391,444$11,368,590New Zealand$7,310,491$9,259,955$11,209,420Malaysia$6,487,788$9,024,147$11,560,506Ind

107、onesia$6,935,119$8,784,484$10,633,849Thailand$6,054,469$7,668,994$9,283,519India$5,626,530$7,126,938$8,627,346Chinese Mainland$5,613,504$7,110,438$8,607,373Philippines$5,520,000$6,966,214$8,412,427Vietnam$5,475,473$6,935,600$8,395,726Taiwan,China$5,047,296$6,393,241$7,739,18751234JAPAN(4%)$13,235,40

108、0/MW($10,449,000-$16,021,800/MW)SINGAPORE(4.5%)$11,740,262/MW($9,268,628$14,211,896/MW)HONG KONG,CHINA(2.1%)$9,391,444/MW($7,414,298-$11,368,590)SOUTH KOREA(3%)$9,504,758/MW($7,503,756-$11,505,759)AUSTRALIA(5.0%)$9,632,409/MW($7,604,533-$11,660,284)CUSHMAN&WAKEFIELD|ASIA PACIFIC-DATA CENTRE CONSTRUC

109、TION COST GUIDE 2025MarketCPI 2024Construction Cost Inflation 2024-2025Hong Kong,China1.5%2.1%Malaysia 2.1%3.0%New Zealand 2.0%3.0%South Korea 1.6%3.0%Thailand 1.3%3.0%Vietnam 3.3%3.5%Philippines 3.0%3.9%Taiwan,China2.0%3.9%Chinese Mainland 0.8%4.0%Japan 2.7%4.0%Singapore 1.8%4.5%Australia 2.4%5.0%I

110、ndia 5.8%5.0%Indonesia 1.7%5.0%12Philippines 3.9%The Philippines has seen high interest levels from data centre PropCo and OpCo players looking to capitalize on the countrys population-to-capacity imbalance.Power availability and the countrys high incidence of natural disasters remain development co

111、nstraints.Taiwan,China 3.9%Interest in Taiwan,China remains high from both international and local players.Headwinds include geopolitical tension,and land and power constraints.Chinese Mainland 4.0%The Chinese mainland market remains among the most competitive in the region from a mid-spec build per

112、spective,at$7,110,000 per megawatt.Almost all activity is focused on the internal market,with mainland companies pushing forward their development programs and modifying existing stock,although a small number of international players remain active in China.There has been some renewed interest in Gre

113、ater China in anticipation of AI deployments.Japan 4.0%The rate of inflation in Japan was lower than expected,possibly due to pricing mechanisms regulating electric power providers.However,an uptick in activity and newly implemented regulation capping total working hours has restrained availability

114、of the skilled labor force,adding double digit upward pressure to unit wage cost;the weak currency remains a risk for input cost increases ahead.Despite marginal interest rate increases,Japans cost of capital remains among the lowest in the region,and the country remains an attractive destination fo

115、r foreign investors.Singapore 4.5%Singapores construction cost inflation has dropped dramatically from last years 8.0%.It remains the second most expensive market to build in,largely as a result of its geography and reliance on imports for everything from materials to power;this supply chain depende

116、nce also contributed to last years peak costs.Construction activity remains muted in line with regulation.Australia 5.0%Australia has continued to see strong and growing demand from both local and international players.At$9,630,000 per megawatt,it remains the third most expensive location in region

117、for data centre development,in line with its generally high build costs.Development coming online in the next 12 to 18 months is likely to continue pushing costs up;the current planning plateau between land purchase and construction has kept inflation stabilised at a lower rate than interest would h

118、ave indicated.India 5.0%Indias 5.0%increase reflects the significant build activity currently underway.Abundant land and power,a deep and increasingly experienced pool of contractors and affordable entry costs are driving strong interest in this ever more investable market.Indonesia 5.0%Capacity spi

119、llover from Singapore into Batam has driven construction cost increases closer to rates seen in established,rather than emerging,markets.At least three campuses are currently under construction in Batam,with ongoing interest from other Colo providers.High levels of construction activity,combined wit

120、h a limited supply of contractors,is driving price increases,despite the nascent markets relatively inexperienced talent pool.Beyond the law of supply and demand,market-specific challenges in each market have exerted additional pressure on costs.Here,we highlight markets where construction cost infl

121、ation has exceeded the regional construction inflation average of 3.8%.COMPARISON OF CONSTRUCTION COST INFLATION 2023/24 TO 2024/250.0%1.0%2.0%3.0%4.0%5.0%6.0%7.0%8.0%9.0%2023-20242024-2025SCENARIO A-LOW RISE HYPERSCALER DATA CENTRE DEVELOPMENT(1/2)13Size:20 AcresCapacity:50MWRanged:YesscenarioMarke

122、tClusterLow Specification-Development Cost$Medium Specification-Development Cost$High Specification-Development Cost$ABC=A+BDEF=D+EGHI=G+HLand&Site Acquisition Cost Construction CostTotal Development CostLand&Site Acquisition Cost Construction CostTotal Development CostLand&Site Acquisition Cost Con

123、struction CostTotal Development CostAustralia Northern Melbourne$37,639,394$380,226,656$417,866,050$58,647,427$481,620,431$540,267,859$74,403,453$583,014,206$657,417,659Eastern Melbourne$56,896,758$380,226,656$437,123,414$63,024,101$481,620,431$544,644,532$77,904,792$583,014,206$660,918,998Western M

124、elbourne$28,886,046$380,226,656$409,112,703$49,018,745$481,620,431$530,639,176$58,209,760$583,014,206$641,223,966Malaga-Wangara$14,443,023$380,226,656$394,669,679$23,634,038$481,620,431$505,254,469$32,825,053$583,014,206$615,839,259Northbridge-EW$17,506,695$380,226,656$397,733,351$30,636,716$481,620

125、,431$512,257,147$43,766,737$583,014,206$626,780,943Greater Western Sydney$74,403,453$380,226,656$454,630,109$87,533,474$481,620,431$569,153,905$109,416,842$583,014,206$692,431,048North Shore$118,170,189$380,226,656$498,396,846$131,300,210$481,620,431$612,920,642$166,313,600$583,014,206$749,327,806Sy

126、dney CBD$175,066,947$380,226,656$555,293,604$196,950,316$481,620,431$678,570,747$214,457,010$583,014,206$797,471,217Western Sydney$105,040,168$380,226,656$485,266,825$113,793,516$481,620,431$595,413,947$126,923,537$583,014,206$709,937,743Greater China,MainlandBeijing E-Town$15,460,464$280,675,200$29

127、6,135,664$18,657,177$355,521,920$374,179,097$28,615,420$430,368,640$458,984,060Changping$32,096,285$280,675,200$312,771,485$37,740,582$355,521,920$393,262,502$43,384,878$430,368,640$473,753,518Fangshan-Daxing$24,701,869$280,675,200$305,377,069$29,061,023$355,521,920$384,582,943$33,420,176$430,368,64

128、0$463,788,816Shunyi$21,117,677$280,675,200$301,792,877$27,911,498$355,521,920$383,433,418$35,338,204$430,368,640$465,706,844Langfang$5,101,824$280,675,200$285,777,024$9,054,123$355,521,920$364,576,043$15,085,900$430,368,640$445,454,540Tianjin$7,659,194$280,675,200$288,334,394$10,171,358$355,521,920$

129、365,693,278$16,480,829$430,368,640$446,849,469Zhangjiakou$3,396,911$280,675,200$284,072,111$7,697,942$355,521,920$363,219,862$11,856,897$430,368,640$442,225,537Huailai$3,022,346$280,675,200$283,697,546$5,757,312$355,521,920$361,279,232$8,492,277$430,368,640$438,860,917Zhangbei$2,893,186$280,675,200$

130、283,568,386$3,887,719$355,521,920$359,409,639$4,572,268$430,368,640$434,940,908Nantong$4,514,146$280,675,200$285,189,346$8,233,956$355,521,920$363,755,876$53,020,221$430,368,640$483,388,861Changshu$6,296,555$280,675,200$286,971,755$8,253,330$355,521,920$363,775,250$25,186,220$430,368,640$455,554,860

131、Jiaxing-Pinghu$6,787,363$280,675,200$287,462,563$9,344,733$355,521,920$364,866,653$13,419,734$430,368,640$443,788,374Shanghai Baoshan&Jiading$12,612,484$280,675,200$293,287,684$17,242,873$355,521,920$372,764,793$27,607,972$430,368,640$457,976,612Pujiang-Zhoupu$19,051,115$280,675,200$299,726,315$22,0

132、34,713$355,521,920$377,556,633$52,116,101$430,368,640$482,484,741South Shanghai$15,111,732$280,675,200$295,786,932$18,902,581$355,521,920$374,424,501$22,570,728$430,368,640$452,939,368Greater China,Hong KongFanling$287,096,196$370,714,890$657,811,086$322,983,221$469,572,194$792,555,415$358,870,245$5

133、68,429,498$927,299,743Hong Kong Island$418,681,953$370,714,890$789,396,843$478,493,660$469,572,194$948,065,854$538,305,368$568,429,498$1,106,734,866Sha Tin$322,983,221$370,714,890$693,698,111$358,870,245$469,572,194$828,442,439$394,757,270$568,429,498$963,186,768Tseung Kwan O$119,623,415$370,714,890

134、$490,338,305$155,510,440$469,572,194$625,082,634$179,435,123$568,429,498$747,864,621Tsuen Wan$299,058,538$370,714,890$669,773,428$334,945,562$469,572,194$804,517,756$370,832,587$568,429,498$939,262,085Greater China,TaiwanBanqiao District$398,744,717$252,364,788$651,109,505$494,096,714$319,662,065$81

135、3,758,779$598,117,075$386,959,342$985,076,417Neihu District$788,821,070$252,364,788$1,041,185,858$1,126,887,243$319,662,065$1,446,549,308$1,508,295,233$386,959,342$1,895,254,575Sanchong District$520,101,805$252,364,788$772,466,593$563,443,622$319,662,065$883,105,686$598,117,075$386,959,342$985,076,4

136、17Taoyuan$121,357,088$252,364,788$373,721,876$303,392,719$319,662,065$623,054,784$433,418,171$386,959,342$820,377,512IndiaPeripheral South$76,454,965$281,326,500$357,781,465$125,691,269$356,346,900$482,038,169$242,714,175$431,367,300$674,081,475Ambattur$40,741,308$281,326,500$322,067,808$69,346,907$

137、356,346,900$425,693,807$97,124,520$431,367,300$528,491,820Gurugram$122,830,710$281,326,500$404,157,210$191,224,097$356,346,900$547,570,997$229,711,630$431,367,300$661,078,930Noida$41,608,144$281,326,500$322,934,644$56,344,362$356,346,900$412,691,262$97,124,520$431,367,300$528,491,820South$9,535,200$

138、281,326,500$290,861,700$21,670,909$356,346,900$378,017,809$39,007,635$431,367,300$470,374,935West Hyderabad$80,937,100$281,326,500$362,263,600$161,874,200$356,346,900$518,221,100$242,811,300$431,367,300$674,178,600Panvel$10,402,036$281,326,500$291,728,536$19,937,236$356,346,900$376,284,136$20,234,27

139、5$431,367,300$451,601,575Powai$203,966,591$281,326,500$485,293,091$255,023,252$356,346,900$611,370,152$318,822,406$431,367,300$750,189,706Thane Belapur Road$95,351,998$281,326,500$376,678,498$164,698,905$356,346,900$521,045,805$283,279,850$431,367,300$714,647,150IndonesiaCentral Batam$14,042,749$324

140、,389,423$338,432,172$16,903,309$451,207,369$468,110,678$19,677,185$578,025,315$597,702,500Bekasi$14,078,875$324,389,423$338,468,298$16,613,073$451,207,369$467,820,442$19,147,270$578,025,315$597,172,585Karawang$11,263,100$324,389,423$335,652,523$14,078,875$451,207,369$465,286,244$16,894,650$578,025,3

141、15$594,919,965Central Jakarta$394,208,503$324,389,423$718,597,926$760,259,256$451,207,369$1,211,466,625$1,126,310,009$578,025,315$1,704,335,324CUSHMAN&WAKEFIELD|ASIA PACIFIC-DATA CENTRE CONSTRUCTION COST GUIDE 202514SCENARIO A-LOW RISE HYPERSCALER DATA CENTRE DEVELOPMENT(2/2)Size:20 AcresCapacity:50

142、MWRanged:YesscenarioMarketClusterLow Specification-Development Cost$Medium Specification-Development Cost$High Specification-Development Cost$ABC=A+BDEF=D+EGHI=G+HLand&Site Acquisition Cost Construction CostTotal Development CostLand&Site Acquisition Cost Construction CostTotal Development CostLand&

143、Site Acquisition Cost Construction CostTotal Development CostJapanKeihanna Science City$81,141,553$522,450,000$603,591,553$101,427,255$661,770,000$763,197,255$121,712,330$801,090,000$922,802,330Central Osaka$365,136,990$522,450,000$887,586,990$588,276,575$661,770,000$1,250,046,575$811,415,533$801,09

144、0,000$1,612,505,533North Osaka$101,427,255$522,450,000$623,877,255$131,855,181$661,770,000$793,625,181$162,283,107$801,090,000$963,373,107Inzai$60,856,478$522,450,000$583,306,478$101,427,255$661,770,000$763,197,255$141,998,032$801,090,000$943,088,032Kawasaki$405,707,767$522,450,000$928,157,767$507,1

145、35,022$661,770,000$1,168,905,022$608,561,650$801,090,000$1,409,651,650Saitama$202,853,883$522,450,000$725,303,883$253,567,511$661,770,000$915,337,511$304,281,138$801,090,000$1,105,371,138Central Tokyo$608,561,650$522,450,000$1,131,011,650$912,842,788$661,770,000$1,574,612,788$1,217,123,300$801,090,0

146、00$2,018,213,300Sagamihara$243,424,660$522,450,000$765,874,660$304,281,138$661,770,000$966,051,138$365,136,990$801,090,000$1,166,226,990MalaysiaKulai&Sedenak$16,350,913$346,755,938$363,106,850$20,770,079$439,224,188$459,994,266$26,073,077$531,692,438$557,765,515Pulai/Nusajaya$24,747,328$346,755,938$

147、371,503,265$28,282,660$439,224,188$467,506,848$31,817,993$531,692,438$563,510,430Johor Bahru(City Fringe and City Centre)$46,843,156$346,755,938$393,599,093$83,964,148$439,224,188$523,188,335$128,155,804$531,692,438$659,848,242Cyberjaya and Greater Selangor$30,934,160$346,755,938$377,690,097$36,679,

148、075$439,224,188$475,903,262$41,982,074$531,692,438$573,674,511New ZealandNorth$62,411,367$365,524,559$427,935,926$70,551,980$462,997,775$533,549,754$84,119,668$560,470,990$644,590,658Takanini$59,172,628$365,524,559$424,697,187$62,411,367$462,997,775$525,409,141$70,551,980$560,470,990$631,022,970Cent

149、ral$73,265,517$365,524,559$438,790,076$75,979,055$462,997,775$538,976,830$81,406,130$560,470,990$641,877,121Westgate$46,130,141$365,524,559$411,654,699$51,557,216$462,997,775$514,554,991$56,984,291$560,470,990$617,455,282Philippines Cavite$13,206,507$276,000,000$289,206,507$15,838,885$348,310,675$36

150、4,149,560$18,471,263$420,621,350$439,092,613Laguna$13,384,973$276,000,000$289,384,973$16,508,133$348,310,675$364,818,808$19,631,294$420,621,350$440,252,644Batangas$12,046,476$276,000,000$288,046,476$14,277,304$348,310,675$362,587,979$16,508,133$420,621,350$437,129,483Pampanga$11,778,776$276,000,000$

151、287,778,776$13,920,372$348,310,675$362,231,047$16,061,967$420,621,350$436,683,317Cebu$8,923,315$276,000,000$284,923,315$11,377,227$348,310,675$359,687,902$13,831,139$420,621,350$434,452,489Davao$8,923,315$276,000,000$284,923,315$10,484,895$348,310,675$358,795,570$12,046,476$420,621,350$432,667,826Si

152、ngaporeBedok-Tampines$54,350,639$463,431,375$517,782,014$81,482,616$587,013,075$668,495,691$108,701,277$710,594,775$819,296,052Loyang$44,382,021$463,431,375$507,813,396$66,573,031$587,013,075$653,586,106$88,764,041$710,594,775$799,358,816Paya Lebar$117,109,590$463,431,375$580,540,965$175,621,043$587

153、,013,075$762,634,118$234,219,179$710,594,775$944,813,954Sunview-Jurong$62,412,217$463,431,375$525,843,592$93,618,325$587,013,075$680,631,400$124,824,433$710,594,775$835,419,208South Korea Dong-gu$69,063,911$375,187,800$444,251,711$211,043,205$475,237,880$686,281,085$734,143,244$575,287,960$1,309,431

154、,204Gurang Dong$37,639,394$375,187,800$412,827,194$81,143,530$475,237,880$556,381,410$103,989,767$575,287,960$679,277,727Rest of Busan$42,191,134$375,187,800$417,378,934$153,096,045$475,237,880$628,333,925$825,090,523$575,287,960$1,400,378,483Seongnam$91,910,147$375,187,800$467,097,947$334,640,470$4

155、75,237,880$809,878,350$938,446,371$575,287,960$1,513,734,331South Gyeonggi$36,676,525$375,187,800$411,864,325$399,502,774$475,237,880$874,740,654$952,451,727$575,287,960$1,527,739,687Incheon/West Gyeonggi$147,756,504$375,187,800$522,944,304$425,412,682$475,237,880$900,650,562$840,233,814$575,287,960

156、$1,415,521,774Gangnam$2,302,480,491$375,187,800$2,677,668,291$4,796,834,356$475,237,880$5,272,072,236$12,030,600,618$575,287,960$12,605,888,578South West Seoul$290,873,733$375,187,800$666,061,533$708,233,335$475,237,880$1,183,471,215$1,016,963,897$575,287,960$1,592,251,857Thailand Bangkok$181,447,11

157、8$302,723,438$484,170,555$302,440,899$383,449,688$685,890,587$423,434,680$464,175,938$887,610,618East Bangkok/Samut Prakan$60,453,336$302,723,438$363,176,774$151,220,450$383,449,688$534,670,137$241,987,563$464,175,938$706,163,500Nonthaburi$60,453,336$302,723,438$363,176,774$120,993,781$383,449,688$5

158、04,443,469$211,760,894$464,175,938$675,936,832EEC$6,794,467$302,723,438$309,517,905$18,554,122$383,449,688$402,003,809$20,383,402$464,175,938$484,559,339Vietnam Hoa Lac Hi-Tech Park$7,002,678$273,773,672$280,776,350$8,840,881$346,779,984$355,620,865$10,591,550$419,786,297$430,377,847HCMC CBD-Tan Thu

159、an EPZ$27,835,645$273,773,672$301,609,316$27,835,645$346,779,984$374,615,629$41,665,933$419,786,297$461,452,230Rest of HCMC$22,758,703$273,773,672$296,532,375$22,758,703$346,779,984$369,538,688$27,222,910$419,786,297$447,009,207Saigon Hi-tech Park$8,228,147$273,773,672$282,001,818$8,228,147$346,779,

160、984$355,008,131$10,153,883$419,786,297$429,940,180SCENARIO B-MULTI-LEVEL HYPERSCALER DATA CENTRE DEVELOPMENT(1/2)15Size:10 AcresCapacity:50MWRanged:YesscenarioMarketClusterLow Specification-Development Cost$Medium Specification-Development Cost$High Specification-Development Cost$ABC=A+BDEF=D+EGHI=G

161、+HLand&Site Acquisition Cost Construction CostTotal Development CostLand&Site Acquisition Cost Construction CostTotal Development CostLand&Site Acquisition Cost Construction CostTotal Development CostAustralia Northern Melbourne$18,819,720$380,226,656$399,046,376$29,323,750$481,620,431$510,944,181$3

162、7,201,772$583,014,206$620,215,979Eastern Melbourne$28,448,414$380,226,656$408,675,070$31,512,089$481,620,431$513,132,521$38,952,444$583,014,206$621,966,650Western Melbourne$14,443,041$380,226,656$394,669,697$24,509,403$481,620,431$506,129,834$29,104,916$583,014,206$612,119,122Malaga-Wangara$7,221,52

163、0$380,226,656$387,448,177$11,817,034$481,620,431$493,437,465$16,412,547$583,014,206$599,426,753Northbridge-EW$8,753,358$380,226,656$388,980,014$15,318,377$481,620,431$496,938,808$21,883,395$583,014,206$604,897,602Greater Western Sydney$37,201,772$380,226,656$417,428,429$43,766,791$481,620,431$525,38

164、7,222$54,708,489$583,014,206$637,722,695North Shore$59,085,168$380,226,656$439,311,824$65,650,186$481,620,431$547,270,618$83,156,903$583,014,206$666,171,109Sydney CBD$87,533,582$380,226,656$467,760,238$98,475,280$481,620,431$580,095,711$107,228,638$583,014,206$690,242,844Western Sydney$52,520,149$38

165、0,226,656$432,746,805$56,896,828$481,620,431$538,517,259$63,461,847$583,014,206$646,476,053Greater China,MainlandBeijing E-Town$7,730,242$280,675,200$288,405,442$9,328,600$355,521,920$364,850,520$14,307,728$430,368,640$444,676,368Changping$16,048,162$280,675,200$296,723,362$18,870,314$355,521,920$37

166、4,392,234$21,692,466$430,368,640$452,061,106Fangshan-Daxing$12,350,950$280,675,200$293,026,150$14,530,529$355,521,920$370,052,449$16,710,109$430,368,640$447,078,749Shunyi$10,558,851$280,675,200$291,234,051$13,955,766$355,521,920$369,477,686$17,669,124$430,368,640$448,037,764Langfang$2,550,915$280,67

167、5,200$283,226,115$4,527,067$355,521,920$360,048,987$7,542,959$430,368,640$437,911,599Tianjin$3,829,602$280,675,200$284,504,802$5,085,685$355,521,920$360,607,605$8,240,425$430,368,640$438,609,065Zhangjiakou$1,698,457$280,675,200$282,373,657$3,848,976$355,521,920$359,370,896$5,928,456$430,368,640$436,

168、297,096Huailai$1,511,175$280,675,200$282,186,375$2,878,659$355,521,920$358,400,579$4,246,144$430,368,640$434,614,784Zhangbei$1,446,595$280,675,200$282,121,795$1,943,862$355,521,920$357,465,782$2,286,137$430,368,640$432,654,777Nantong$2,257,076$280,675,200$282,932,276$4,116,983$355,521,920$359,638,90

169、3$26,510,143$430,368,640$456,878,783Changshu$3,148,281$280,675,200$283,823,481$4,126,670$355,521,920$359,648,590$12,593,125$430,368,640$442,961,765Jiaxing-Pinghu$3,393,686$280,675,200$284,068,886$4,672,372$355,521,920$360,194,292$6,709,876$430,368,640$437,078,516Shanghai Baoshan&Jiading$6,306,250$28

170、0,675,200$286,981,450$8,621,447$355,521,920$364,143,367$13,804,003$430,368,640$444,172,643Pujiang-Zhoupu$9,525,569$280,675,200$290,200,769$11,017,370$355,521,920$366,539,290$26,058,083$430,368,640$456,426,723South Shanghai$7,555,875$280,675,200$288,231,075$9,451,302$355,521,920$364,973,222$11,285,37

171、8$430,368,640$441,654,018Greater China,Hong KongFanling$143,548,275$370,714,890$514,263,165$161,491,810$469,572,194$631,064,004$179,435,344$568,429,498$747,864,842Hong Kong Island$209,341,235$370,714,890$580,056,125$239,247,126$469,572,194$708,819,320$269,153,016$568,429,498$837,582,514Sha Tin$161,4

172、91,810$370,714,890$532,206,700$179,435,344$469,572,194$649,007,538$197,378,879$568,429,498$765,808,377Tseung Kwan O$59,811,781$370,714,890$430,526,671$77,755,316$469,572,194$547,327,510$89,717,672$568,429,498$658,147,170Tsuen Wan$149,529,454$370,714,890$520,244,344$167,472,988$469,572,194$637,045,18

173、2$185,416,522$568,429,498$753,846,020Greater China,TaiwanBanqiao District$199,372,605$252,364,788$451,737,393$247,048,662$319,662,065$566,710,727$299,058,907$386,959,342$686,018,249Neihu District$394,411,022$252,364,788$646,775,810$563,444,318$319,662,065$883,106,383$754,148,548$386,959,342$1,141,10

174、7,890Sanchong District$260,051,224$252,364,788$512,416,012$281,722,159$319,662,065$601,384,224$299,058,907$386,959,342$686,018,249Taoyuan$60,678,619$252,364,788$313,043,407$151,696,547$319,662,065$471,358,612$216,709,353$386,959,342$603,668,695IndiaPeripheral South$38,227,530$281,326,500$319,554,030

175、$62,845,712$356,346,900$419,192,612$121,357,238$431,367,300$552,724,538Ambattur$20,370,679$281,326,500$301,697,179$34,673,496$356,346,900$391,020,396$48,562,320$431,367,300$479,929,620Gurugram$61,415,431$281,326,500$342,741,931$95,612,167$356,346,900$451,959,067$114,855,957$431,367,300$546,223,257No

176、ida$20,804,098$281,326,500$302,130,598$28,172,216$356,346,900$384,519,116$48,562,320$431,367,300$479,929,620South$4,767,606$281,326,500$286,094,106$10,835,468$356,346,900$367,182,368$19,503,842$431,367,300$450,871,142West Hyderabad$40,468,600$281,326,500$321,795,100$80,937,200$356,346,900$437,284,10

177、0$121,405,800$431,367,300$552,773,100Panvel$5,201,024$281,326,500$286,527,524$9,968,630$356,346,900$366,315,530$10,117,150$431,367,300$441,484,450Powai$101,983,422$281,326,500$383,309,922$127,511,783$356,346,900$483,858,683$159,411,400$431,367,300$590,778,700Thane Belapur Road$47,676,058$281,326,500

178、$329,002,558$82,349,554$356,346,900$438,696,454$141,640,100$431,367,300$573,007,400IndonesiaCentral Batam$7,021,383$324,389,423$331,410,806$8,451,665$451,207,369$459,659,034$9,838,605$578,025,315$587,863,920Bekasi$7,039,446$324,389,423$331,428,869$8,306,547$451,207,369$459,513,916$9,573,647$578,025,

179、315$587,598,962Karawang$5,631,557$324,389,423$330,020,980$7,039,446$451,207,369$458,246,815$8,447,336$578,025,315$586,472,651Central Jakarta$197,104,495$324,389,423$521,493,918$380,130,098$451,207,369$831,337,467$563,155,701$578,025,315$1,141,181,016CUSHMAN&WAKEFIELD|ASIA PACIFIC-DATA CENTRE CONSTRU

180、CTION COST GUIDE 202516SCENARIO B-MULTI-LEVEL HYPERSCALER DATA CENTRE DEVELOPMENT(2/2)Size:10 AcresCapacity:50MWRanged:YesscenarioMarketClusterLow Specification-Development Cost$Medium Specification-Development Cost$High Specification-Development Cost$ABC=A+BDEF=D+EGHI=G+HLand&Site Acquisition Cost

181、Construction CostTotal Development CostLand&Site Acquisition Cost Construction CostTotal Development CostLand&Site Acquisition Cost Construction CostTotal Development CostJapanKeihanna Science City$40,570,827$522,450,000$563,020,827$50,713,690$661,770,000$712,483,690$60,856,240$801,090,000$861,946,2

182、40Central Osaka$182,568,721$522,450,000$705,018,721$294,138,651$661,770,000$955,908,651$405,708,268$801,090,000$1,206,798,268North Osaka$50,713,690$522,450,000$573,163,690$65,927,672$661,770,000$727,697,672$81,141,654$801,090,000$882,231,654Inzai$30,428,277$522,450,000$552,878,277$50,713,690$661,770

183、,000$712,483,690$70,999,104$801,090,000$872,089,104Kawasaki$202,854,134$522,450,000$725,304,134$253,567,824$661,770,000$915,337,824$304,281,201$801,090,000$1,105,371,201Saitama$101,427,067$522,450,000$623,877,067$126,783,912$661,770,000$788,553,912$152,140,757$801,090,000$953,230,757Central Tokyo$30

184、4,281,201$522,450,000$826,731,201$456,421,958$661,770,000$1,118,191,958$608,562,402$801,090,000$1,409,652,402Sagamihara$121,712,480$522,450,000$644,162,480$152,140,757$661,770,000$813,910,757$182,568,721$801,090,000$983,658,721MalaysiaKulai&Sedenak$8,175,467$346,755,938$354,931,404$10,385,052$439,22

185、4,188$449,609,240$13,036,555$531,692,438$544,728,992Pulai/Nusajaya$12,373,679$346,755,938$359,129,617$14,141,348$439,224,188$453,365,535$15,909,016$531,692,438$547,601,454Johor Bahru(City Fringe and City Centre)$23,421,607$346,755,938$370,177,544$41,982,126$439,224,188$481,206,313$64,077,981$531,692

186、,438$595,770,419Cyberjaya and Greater Selangor$15,467,099$346,755,938$362,223,036$18,339,560$439,224,188$457,563,748$20,991,063$531,692,438$552,683,500New ZealandNorth$31,205,722$365,524,559$396,730,281$35,276,033$462,997,775$498,273,808$42,059,886$560,470,990$602,530,876Takanini$29,586,351$365,524,

187、559$395,110,910$31,205,722$462,997,775$494,203,496$35,276,033$560,470,990$595,747,024Central$36,632,804$365,524,559$402,157,363$37,989,575$462,997,775$500,987,349$40,703,116$560,470,990$601,174,106Westgate$23,065,099$365,524,559$388,589,658$25,778,640$462,997,775$488,776,414$28,492,181$560,470,990$5

188、88,963,171Philippines Cavite$6,603,261$276,000,000$282,603,261$7,919,452$348,310,675$356,230,127$9,235,643$420,621,350$429,856,993Laguna$6,692,495$276,000,000$282,692,495$8,254,077$348,310,675$356,564,752$9,815,659$420,621,350$430,437,009Batangas$6,023,245$276,000,000$282,023,245$7,138,661$348,310,6

189、75$355,449,336$8,254,077$420,621,350$428,875,427Pampanga$5,889,395$276,000,000$281,889,395$6,960,195$348,310,675$355,270,870$8,030,994$420,621,350$428,652,344Cebu$4,461,663$276,000,000$280,461,663$5,688,621$348,310,675$353,999,296$6,915,578$420,621,350$427,536,928Davao$4,461,663$276,000,000$280,461,

190、663$5,242,454$348,310,675$353,553,129$6,023,245$420,621,350$426,644,595SingaporeBedok-Tampines$27,175,353$463,431,375$490,606,728$40,741,358$587,013,075$627,754,433$54,350,706$710,594,775$764,945,481Loyang$22,191,038$463,431,375$485,622,413$33,286,557$587,013,075$620,299,632$44,382,075$710,594,775$7

191、54,976,850Paya Lebar$58,554,867$463,431,375$521,986,242$87,810,630$587,013,075$674,823,705$117,109,734$710,594,775$827,704,509Sunview-Jurong$31,206,147$463,431,375$494,637,522$46,809,220$587,013,075$633,822,295$62,412,294$710,594,775$773,007,069South Korea Dong-gu$34,531,998$375,187,800$409,719,798$

192、105,521,733$475,237,880$580,759,613$367,072,075$575,287,960$942,360,035Gurang Dong$18,819,720$375,187,800$394,007,520$40,571,815$475,237,880$515,809,695$51,994,948$575,287,960$627,282,908Rest of Busan$21,095,593$375,187,800$396,283,393$76,548,117$475,237,880$551,785,997$412,545,771$575,287,960$987,8

193、33,731Seongnam$45,955,130$375,187,800$421,142,930$167,320,442$475,237,880$642,558,322$469,223,765$575,287,960$1,044,511,725South Gyeonggi$18,338,285$375,187,800$393,526,085$199,751,634$475,237,880$674,989,514$476,226,452$575,287,960$1,051,514,412Incheon/West Gyeonggi$73,878,343$375,187,800$449,066,1

194、43$212,706,604$475,237,880$687,944,484$420,117,426$575,287,960$995,405,386Gangnam$1,151,241,668$375,187,800$1,526,429,468$2,398,420,141$475,237,880$2,873,658,021$6,015,307,741$575,287,960$6,590,595,701South West Seoul$145,437,046$375,187,800$520,624,846$354,117,105$475,237,880$829,354,985$508,482,57

195、7$575,287,960$1,083,770,537Thailand Bangkok$90,723,671$302,723,438$393,447,108$151,220,636$383,449,688$534,670,324$211,717,602$464,175,938$675,893,539East Bangkok/Samut Prakan$30,226,706$302,723,438$332,950,143$75,610,318$383,449,688$459,060,006$120,993,931$464,175,938$585,169,868Nonthaburi$30,226,7

196、06$302,723,438$332,950,143$60,496,965$383,449,688$443,946,653$105,880,578$464,175,938$570,056,516EEC$3,397,238$302,723,438$306,120,675$9,277,072$383,449,688$392,726,760$10,191,713$464,175,938$474,367,651Vietnam Hoa Lac Hi-Tech Park$3,501,343$273,773,672$277,275,015$4,420,446$346,779,984$351,200,430$

197、5,295,782$419,786,297$425,082,079HCMC CBD-Tan Thuan EPZ$13,917,840$273,773,672$287,691,511$13,917,840$346,779,984$360,697,824$20,832,992$419,786,297$440,619,289Rest of HCMC$11,379,366$273,773,672$285,153,038$11,379,366$346,779,984$358,159,350$13,611,472$419,786,297$433,397,769Saigon Hi-tech Park$4,1

198、14,078$273,773,672$277,887,750$4,114,078$346,779,984$350,894,063$5,076,948$419,786,297$424,863,245SCENARIO C HIGH RISE OPERATOR DATA CENTRE DEVELOPMENT(1/2)17Size:5 AcresCapacity:50MWRanged:YesscenarioMarketClusterLow Specification-Development Cost$Medium Specification-Development Cost$High Specific

199、ation-Development Cost$ABC=A+BDEF=D+EGHI=G+HLand&Site Acquisition Cost Construction CostTotal Development CostLand&Site Acquisition Cost Construction CostTotal Development CostLand&Site Acquisition Cost Construction CostTotal Development CostAustralia Northern Melbourne$9,409,860$380,226,656$389,636

200、,516$14,661,875$481,620,431$496,282,306$18,600,886$583,014,206$601,615,092Eastern Melbourne$14,224,207$380,226,656$394,450,863$15,756,045$481,620,431$497,376,476$19,476,222$583,014,206$602,490,428Western Melbourne$7,221,520$380,226,656$387,448,177$12,254,701$481,620,431$493,875,133$14,552,458$583,01

201、4,206$597,566,664Malaga-Wangara$3,610,760$380,226,656$383,837,416$5,908,517$481,620,431$487,528,948$8,206,273$583,014,206$591,220,480Northbridge-EW$4,376,679$380,226,656$384,603,335$7,659,188$481,620,431$489,279,620$10,941,698$583,014,206$593,955,904Greater Western Sydney$18,600,886$380,226,656$398,

202、827,542$21,883,395$481,620,431$503,503,827$27,354,244$583,014,206$610,368,451North Shore$29,542,584$380,226,656$409,769,240$32,825,093$481,620,431$514,445,524$41,578,451$583,014,206$624,592,658Sydney CBD$43,766,791$380,226,656$423,993,447$49,237,640$481,620,431$530,858,071$53,614,319$583,014,206$636

203、,628,525Western Sydney$26,260,075$380,226,656$406,486,731$28,448,414$481,620,431$510,068,845$31,730,923$583,014,206$614,745,130Greater China,MainlandBeijing E-Town$3,865,121$280,675,200$284,540,321$4,664,300$355,521,920$360,186,220$7,153,864$430,368,640$437,522,504Changping$8,024,081$280,675,200$288

204、,699,281$9,435,157$355,521,920$364,957,077$10,846,233$430,368,640$441,214,873Fangshan-Daxing$6,175,475$280,675,200$286,850,675$7,265,265$355,521,920$362,787,185$8,355,054$430,368,640$438,723,694Shunyi$5,279,426$280,675,200$285,954,626$6,977,883$355,521,920$362,499,803$8,834,562$430,368,640$439,203,2

205、02Langfang$1,275,458$280,675,200$281,950,658$2,263,534$355,521,920$357,785,454$3,771,480$430,368,640$434,140,120Tianjin$1,914,801$280,675,200$282,590,001$2,542,843$355,521,920$358,064,763$4,120,212$430,368,640$434,488,852Zhangjiakou$849,229$280,675,200$281,524,429$1,924,488$355,521,920$357,446,408$2

206、,964,228$430,368,640$433,332,868Huailai$755,588$280,675,200$281,430,788$1,439,330$355,521,920$356,961,250$2,123,072$430,368,640$432,491,712Zhangbei$723,297$280,675,200$281,398,497$971,931$355,521,920$356,493,851$1,143,068$430,368,640$431,511,708Nantong$1,128,538$280,675,200$281,803,738$2,058,492$355

207、,521,920$357,580,412$13,255,072$430,368,640$443,623,712Changshu$1,574,141$280,675,200$282,249,341$2,063,335$355,521,920$357,585,255$6,296,563$430,368,640$436,665,203Jiaxing-Pinghu$1,696,843$280,675,200$282,372,043$2,336,186$355,521,920$357,858,106$3,354,938$430,368,640$433,723,578Shanghai Baoshan&Ji

208、ading$3,153,125$280,675,200$283,828,325$4,310,724$355,521,920$359,832,644$6,902,001$430,368,640$437,270,641Pujiang-Zhoupu$4,762,785$280,675,200$285,437,985$5,508,685$355,521,920$361,030,605$13,029,041$430,368,640$443,397,681South Shanghai$3,777,938$280,675,200$284,453,138$4,725,651$355,521,920$360,2

209、47,571$5,642,689$430,368,640$436,011,329Greater China,Hong KongFanling$71,774,138$370,714,890$442,489,028$80,745,905$469,572,194$550,318,099$89,717,672$568,429,498$658,147,170Hong Kong Island$104,670,617$370,714,890$475,385,507$119,623,563$469,572,194$589,195,757$134,576,508$568,429,498$703,006,006S

210、ha Tin$80,745,905$370,714,890$451,460,795$89,717,672$469,572,194$559,289,866$98,689,439$568,429,498$667,118,937Tseung Kwan O$29,905,891$370,714,890$400,620,781$38,877,658$469,572,194$508,449,852$44,858,836$568,429,498$613,288,334Tsuen Wan$74,764,727$370,714,890$445,479,617$83,736,494$469,572,194$553

211、,308,688$92,708,261$568,429,498$661,137,759Greater China,TaiwanBanqiao District$99,686,302$252,364,788$352,051,090$123,524,331$319,662,065$443,186,396$149,529,454$386,959,342$536,488,795Neihu District$197,205,511$252,364,788$449,570,299$281,722,159$319,662,065$601,384,224$377,074,274$386,959,342$764

212、,033,616Sanchong District$130,025,612$252,364,788$382,390,400$140,861,079$319,662,065$460,523,144$149,529,454$386,959,342$536,488,795Taoyuan$30,339,309$252,364,788$282,704,097$75,848,274$319,662,065$395,510,338$108,354,677$386,959,342$495,314,018IndiaPeripheral South$19,113,765$281,326,500$300,440,2

213、65$31,422,856$356,346,900$387,769,756$60,678,619$431,367,300$492,045,919Ambattur$10,185,340$281,326,500$291,511,840$17,336,748$356,346,900$373,683,648$24,281,160$431,367,300$455,648,460Gurugram$30,707,715$281,326,500$312,034,215$47,806,083$356,346,900$404,152,983$57,427,979$431,367,300$488,795,279No

214、ida$10,402,049$281,326,500$291,728,549$14,086,108$356,346,900$370,433,008$24,281,160$431,367,300$455,648,460South$2,383,803$281,326,500$283,710,303$5,417,734$356,346,900$361,764,634$9,751,921$431,367,300$441,119,221West Hyderabad$20,234,300$281,326,500$301,560,800$40,468,600$356,346,900$396,815,500$

215、60,702,900$431,367,300$492,070,200Panvel$2,600,512$281,326,500$283,927,012$4,984,315$356,346,900$361,331,215$5,058,575$431,367,300$436,425,875Powai$50,991,711$281,326,500$332,318,211$63,755,892$356,346,900$420,102,792$79,705,700$431,367,300$511,073,000Thane Belapur Road$23,838,029$281,326,500$305,16

216、4,529$41,174,777$356,346,900$397,521,677$70,820,050$431,367,300$502,187,350IndonesiaCentral Batam$3,510,692$324,389,423$327,900,115$4,225,832$451,207,369$455,433,201$4,919,302$578,025,315$582,944,617Bekasi$3,519,723$324,389,423$327,909,146$4,153,273$451,207,369$455,360,642$4,786,823$578,025,315$582,

217、812,138Karawang$2,815,779$324,389,423$327,205,202$3,519,723$451,207,369$454,727,092$4,223,668$578,025,315$582,248,983Central Jakarta$98,552,248$324,389,423$422,941,671$190,065,049$451,207,369$641,272,418$281,577,850$578,025,315$859,603,165CUSHMAN&WAKEFIELD|ASIA PACIFIC-DATA CENTRE CONSTRUCTION COST

218、GUIDE 202518SCENARIO C HIGH RISE OPERATOR DATA CENTRE DEVELOPMENT(2/2)Size:5 AcresCapacity:50MWRanged:YesscenarioMarketClusterLow Specification-Development Cost$Medium Specification-Development Cost$High Specification-Development Cost$ABC=A+BDEF=D+EGHI=G+HLand&Site Acquisition Cost Construction Cost

219、Total Development CostLand&Site Acquisition Cost Construction CostTotal Development CostLand&Site Acquisition Cost Construction CostTotal Development CostJapanKeihanna Science City$20,285,413$522,450,000$542,735,413$25,356,845$661,770,000$687,126,845$30,428,120$801,090,000$831,518,120Central Osaka$9

220、1,284,360$522,450,000$613,734,360$147,069,325$661,770,000$808,839,325$202,854,134$801,090,000$1,003,944,134North Osaka$25,356,845$522,450,000$547,806,845$32,963,836$661,770,000$694,733,836$40,570,827$801,090,000$841,660,827Inzai$15,214,138$522,450,000$537,664,138$25,356,845$661,770,000$687,126,845$3

221、5,499,552$801,090,000$836,589,552Kawasaki$101,427,067$522,450,000$623,877,067$126,783,912$661,770,000$788,553,912$152,140,600$801,090,000$953,230,600Saitama$50,713,533$522,450,000$573,163,533$63,391,956$661,770,000$725,161,956$76,070,379$801,090,000$877,160,379Central Tokyo$152,140,600$522,450,000$6

222、74,590,600$228,210,979$661,770,000$889,980,979$304,281,201$801,090,000$1,105,371,201Sagamihara$60,856,240$522,450,000$583,306,240$76,070,379$661,770,000$737,840,379$91,284,360$801,090,000$892,374,360MalaysiaKulai&Sedenak$4,087,733$346,755,938$350,843,671$5,192,526$439,224,188$444,416,714$6,518,277$5

223、31,692,438$538,210,715Pulai/Nusajaya$6,186,840$346,755,938$352,942,777$7,070,674$439,224,188$446,294,861$7,954,508$531,692,438$539,646,946Johor Bahru(City Fringe and City Centre)$11,710,803$346,755,938$358,466,741$20,991,063$439,224,188$460,215,250$32,038,991$531,692,438$563,731,428Cyberjaya and Gre

224、ater Selangor$7,733,549$346,755,938$354,489,487$9,169,780$439,224,188$448,393,968$10,495,531$531,692,438$542,187,969New ZealandNorth$15,602,861$365,524,559$381,127,420$17,638,017$462,997,775$480,635,791$21,029,943$560,470,990$581,500,933Takanini$14,793,175$365,524,559$380,317,734$15,602,861$462,997,

225、775$478,600,636$17,638,017$560,470,990$578,109,007Central$18,316,402$365,524,559$383,840,961$18,994,787$462,997,775$481,992,562$20,351,558$560,470,990$580,822,548Westgate$11,532,549$365,524,559$377,057,108$12,889,320$462,997,775$475,887,094$14,246,090$560,470,990$574,717,081Philippines Cavite$3,301,

226、631$276,000,000$279,301,631$3,959,726$348,310,675$352,270,401$4,617,821$420,621,350$425,239,171Laguna$3,346,247$276,000,000$279,346,247$4,127,038$348,310,675$352,437,713$4,907,829$420,621,350$425,529,179Batangas$3,011,623$276,000,000$279,011,623$3,569,331$348,310,675$351,880,006$4,127,038$420,621,35

227、0$424,748,388Pampanga$2,944,698$276,000,000$278,944,698$3,480,097$348,310,675$351,790,772$4,015,497$420,621,350$424,636,847Cebu$2,230,832$276,000,000$278,230,832$2,844,310$348,310,675$351,154,985$3,457,789$420,621,350$424,079,139Davao$2,230,832$276,000,000$278,230,832$2,621,227$348,310,675$350,931,9

228、02$3,011,623$420,621,350$423,632,973SingaporeBedok-Tampines$13,587,676$463,431,375$477,019,051$20,370,679$587,013,075$607,383,754$27,175,353$710,594,775$737,770,128Loyang$11,095,519$463,431,375$474,526,894$16,643,278$587,013,075$603,656,353$22,191,038$710,594,775$732,785,813Paya Lebar$29,277,434$463

229、,431,375$492,708,809$43,905,315$587,013,075$630,918,390$58,554,867$710,594,775$769,149,642Sunview-Jurong$15,603,073$463,431,375$479,034,448$23,404,610$587,013,075$610,417,685$31,206,147$710,594,775$741,800,922South Korea Dong-gu$17,265,999$375,187,800$392,453,799$52,760,866$475,237,880$527,998,746$1

230、83,536,038$575,287,960$758,823,998Gurang Dong$9,409,860$375,187,800$384,597,660$20,285,908$475,237,880$495,523,788$25,997,474$575,287,960$601,285,434Rest of Busan$10,547,797$375,187,800$385,735,597$38,274,059$475,237,880$513,511,939$206,272,886$575,287,960$781,560,846Seongnam$22,977,565$375,187,800$

231、398,165,365$83,660,221$475,237,880$558,898,101$234,611,883$575,287,960$809,899,843South Gyeonggi$9,169,143$375,187,800$384,356,943$99,875,817$475,237,880$575,113,697$238,113,226$575,287,960$813,401,186Incheon/West Gyeonggi$36,939,172$375,187,800$412,126,972$106,353,302$475,237,880$581,591,182$210,05

232、8,713$575,287,960$785,346,673Gangnam$575,620,834$375,187,800$950,808,634$1,199,210,071$475,237,880$1,674,447,951$3,007,653,871$575,287,960$3,582,941,831South West Seoul$72,718,523$375,187,800$447,906,323$177,058,553$475,237,880$652,296,433$254,241,288$575,287,960$829,529,248Thailand Bangkok$45,361,8

233、35$302,723,438$348,085,273$75,610,318$383,449,688$459,060,006$105,858,801$464,175,938$570,034,738East Bangkok/Samut Prakan$15,113,353$302,723,438$317,836,790$37,805,159$383,449,688$421,254,847$60,496,965$464,175,938$524,672,903Nonthaburi$15,113,353$302,723,438$317,836,790$30,248,483$383,449,688$413,

234、698,170$52,940,289$464,175,938$517,116,227EEC$1,698,619$302,723,438$304,422,056$4,638,536$383,449,688$388,088,224$5,095,857$464,175,938$469,271,794Vietnam Hoa Lac Hi-Tech Park$1,750,672$273,773,672$275,524,344$2,210,223$346,779,984$348,990,207$2,647,891$419,786,297$422,434,188HCMC CBD-Tan Thuan EPZ$

235、6,958,920$273,773,672$280,732,592$6,958,920$346,779,984$353,738,904$10,416,496$419,786,297$430,202,793Rest of HCMC$5,689,683$273,773,672$279,463,355$5,689,683$346,779,984$352,469,667$6,805,736$419,786,297$426,592,033Saigon Hi-tech Park$2,057,039$273,773,672$275,830,711$2,057,039$346,779,984$348,837,

236、024$2,538,474$419,786,297$422,324,771CUSHMAN&WAKEFIELD|ASIA PACIFIC-DATA CENTRE CONSTRUCTION COST GUIDE 2025MELBOURNE,PERTH&SYDNEYBEIJING,SHANGHAI,SHENZHEN&TIANJIN6%11%12%24%11%8%1%1%1%10%15%Professional Fees/Soft Costs Base Building Interior Fit-Out/Finishes Electrical Systems Mechanical Systems Co

237、oling Systems Fire Suspression&Life Safety Systems Security Systems Furniture&Fixtures IT Rack,Equip.&Cabling(Excl.Active IT Equip.)Land(Excl.Land Infrastructure Leveling Costs)7%12%13%27%13%9%1%2%1%11%4%Professional Fees/Soft Costs Base Building Interior Fit-Out/Finishes Electrical Systems Mechanic

238、al Systems Cooling Systems Fire Suspression&Life Safety Systems Security Systems Furniture&Fixtures IT Rack,Equip.&Cabling(Excl.Active IT Equip.)Land(Excl.Land Infrastructure Leveling Costs)19Development Example Cost Breakdown(%Dev.Cost Scenario A)Notes:Development Example Cost Breakdown(%Dev.Cost S

239、cenario A)Cluster Land/Site Purchase CostUnitCostLowMidHighNorthern Melbourne$/SQM$465$725$919Eastern Melbourne$/SQM$703$779$963Western Melbourne$/SQM$357$606$719Malaga-Wangara$/SQM$178$292$406Northbridge-EW$/SQM$216$379$541Greater Western Sydney$/SQM$919$1,082$1,352North Shore$/SQM$1,460$1,622$2,05

240、5Sydney CBD$/SQM$2,163$2,433$2,650Western Sydney$/SQM$1,298$1,406$1,568Blended Land Purchase Cost$/SQM$862$1,036$1,241Construction CostUnitCostLowMidHighCost Per Watt$Per Watt$7.60$9.63$11.66Cost Per MegaWatt$Per MegaWatt$7,604,533$9,632,409$11,660,284Economic Indicators2022 Rate 2023 Rate2024 Rate

241、2025 Rate GDP Growth4.10%2.10%1.00%2.00%Inflation Rate7.80%4.10%2.40%3.30%Central Bank Rate3.10%4.35%4.35%3.55%Construction Cost Year Over Year%Change5.00%Applied Local FX Rate1 USD=1.46789 AUDCluster Land/Site Purchase CostUnitCostLowMidHighBeijing E-Town$/SQM$191$231$354Changping$/SQM$397$466$536F

242、angshan-Daxing$/SQM$305$359$413Shunyi$/SQM$261$345$437Langfang$/SQM$63$112$186Tianjin$/SQM$95$126$204Zhangjiakou$/SQM$42$95$146Huailai$/SQM$37$71$105Zhangbei$/SQM$36$48$56Nantong$/SQM$56$102$655Changshu$/SQM$78$102$311Jiaxing-Pinghu$/SQM$84$115$166Shanghai Baoshan&Jiading$/SQM$156$213$341Pujiang-Zho

243、upu$/SQM$235$272$644South Shanghai$/SQM$187$234$279Blended Land Purchase Cost$/SQM$148$193$322Construction CostUnitCostLowMidHighCost Per Watt$Per Watt$5.61$7.11$8.61Cost Per MegaWatt$Per MegaWatt$5,613,504$7,110,438$8,607,373Economic Indicators2022 Rate 2023 Rate2024 Rate 2025 Rate GDP Growth3.00%5

244、.30%4.70%4.20%Inflation Rate1.90%-0.20%0.80%1.40%Central Bank Rate3.65%3.45%3.10%2.95%Construction Cost Year Over Year%Change4.00%Applied Local FX Rate1 USD=7.09985 CNY CUSHMAN&WAKEFIELD|ASIA PACIFIC-DATA CENTRE CONSTRUCTION COST GUIDE 2025HONG KONGTAIWAN20Development Example Cost Breakdown(%Dev.Cos

245、t Scenario A)Notes:Development Example Cost Breakdown(%Dev.Cost Scenario A)Cluster Land/Site Purchase CostUnitCostLowMidHighFanling$/SQM$3,547$3,991$4,434Hong Kong Island$/SQM$5,173$5,912$6,651Sha Tin$/SQM$3,991$4,434$4,877Tseung Kwan O$/SQM$1,478$1,921$2,217Tsuen Wan$/SQM$3,695$4,138$4,5822024 Blen

246、ded Cross City Rate$/SQM$3,577$4,079$4,552Blended Land Purchase Cost$/SQM$3,577$4,079$4,552Construction CostUnitCostLowMidHighCost Per Watt$Per Watt$7.41$9.39$11.37Cost Per MegaWatt$Per MegaWatt$7,414,298$9,391,444$11,368,590Economic Indicators2022 Rate 2023 Rate2024 Rate 2025 Rate GDP Growth-3.70%3

247、.30%2.50%2.10%Inflation Rate1.90%2.60%1.50%1.40%Central Bank Rate4.10%5.75%4.75%4.25%Construction Cost Year Over Year%Change2.10%Applied Local FX Rate1 USD=7.80915 HKD4%7%8%16%8%6%1%1%1%7%41%Professional Fees/Soft Costs Base Building Interior Fit-Out/Finishes Electrical Systems Mechanical Systems Co

248、oling Systems Fire Suspression&Life Safety Systems Security Systems Furniture&Fixtures IT Rack,Equip.&Cabling(Excl.Active IT Equip.)Land(Excl.Land Infrastructure Leveling Costs)3%5%6%11%5%4%1%1%0%5%59%Professional Fees/Soft Costs Base Building Interior Fit-Out/Finishes Electrical Systems Mechanical

249、Systems Cooling Systems Fire Suspression&Life Safety Systems Security Systems Furniture&Fixtures IT Rack,Equip.&Cabling(Excl.Active IT Equip.)Land(Excl.Land Infrastructure Leveling Costs)Cluster Land/Site Purchase CostUnitCostLowMidHighBanqiao District$/SQM$4,927$6,105$7,390 Neihu District$/SQM$9,74

250、6$13,923$18,635 Sanchong District$/SQM$6,426$6,962$7,390 Taoyuan$/SQM$1,499$3,749$5,355 Blended Land Purchase Cost$/SQM$5,650$7,684$9,693 Construction CostUnitCostLowMidHighCost Per Watt$Per Watt$5.05$6.39$7.74Cost Per MegaWatt$Per MegaWatt$5,047,296$6,393,241$7,739,187Economic Indicators2022 Rate 2

251、023 Rate2024 Rate 2025 Rate GDP Growth2.70%1.10%4.30%1.70%Inflation Rate2.80%2.60%2.00%1.70%Central Bank Rate1.65%1.90%2.00%1.95%Construction Cost Year Over Year%Change3.90%Applied Local FX Rate1 USD=30.671 TWNCUSHMAN&WAKEFIELD|ASIA PACIFIC-DATA CENTRE CONSTRUCTION COST GUIDE 2025BANGALORE,CHENNAI,D

252、ELHI,HYDERABAD&MUMBAIBATAM,CENTRAL JAVA,GREATER JAKARTA&WEST JAVA21Development Example Cost Breakdown(%Dev.Cost Scenario A)Notes:Development Example Cost Breakdown(%Dev.Cost Scenario A)Cluster Land/Site Purchase CostUnitCostLowMidHighPeripheral South$/SQM$945$1,553$2,999Ambattur$/SQM$503$857$1,200Gu

253、rugram$/SQM$1,518$2,363$2,838Noida$/SQM$514$696$1,200South$/SQM$118$268$482West Hyd$/SQM$1,000$2,000$3,000Panvel$/SQM$129$246$250Powai$/SQM$2,520$3,151$3,939Thane Belapur Road$/SQM$1,178$2,035$3,500Blended Land Purchase Cost$/SQM$936$1,463$2,156Construction CostUnitCostLowMidHighCost Per Watt$Per Wa

254、tt$5.63$7.13$8.63Cost Per MegaWatt$Per MegaWatt$5,626,530$7,126,938$8,627,346Economic Indicators2022 Rate 2023 Rate2024 Rate 2025 Rate GDP Growth6.60%7.80%6.80%6.40%Inflation Rate6.40%5.50%5.80%4.10%Central Bank Rate6.50%6.75%6.75%5.85%Construction Cost Year Over Year%Change5.00%Applied Local FX Rat

255、e1 USD=83.2175 INRCluster Land/Site Purchase CostUnitCostLowMidHighCentral Batam$/SQM$174$209$243Bekasi$/SQM$174$205$237Karawang$/SQM$139$174$209Central Jakarta$/SQM$4,871$9,393$13,916Blended Land Purchase Cost$/SQM$1,339$2,495$3,651Construction CostUnitCostLowMidHighCost Per Watt$Per Watt$6.49$9.02

256、$11.56Cost Per MegaWatt$Per MegaWatt$6,487,788$9,024,147$11,560,506Economic Indicators2022 Rate 2023 Rate2024 Rate 2025 Rate GDP Growth5.30%5.10%5.00%4.70%Inflation Rate4.70%2.80%1.70%3.10%Central Bank Rate5.50%6.00%6.00%4.35%Construction Cost Year Over Year%Change5.00%Applied Local FX Rate1 USD=153

257、92.5 IDR6%10%10%21%10%7%1%1%1%8%25%Professional Fees/Soft Costs Base Building Interior Fit-Out/Finishes Electrical Systems Mechanical Systems Cooling Systems Fire Suspression&Life Safety Systems Security Systems Furniture&Fixtures IT Rack,Equip.&Cabling(Excl.Active IT Equip.)Land(Excl.Land Infrastru

258、cture Leveling Costs)5%9%10%19%9%6%1%1%1%8%31%Professional Fees/Soft Costs Base Building Interior Fit-Out/Finishes Electrical Systems Mechanical Systems Cooling Systems Fire Suspression&Life Safety Systems Security Systems Furniture&Fixtures IT Rack,Equip.&Cabling(Excl.Active IT Equip.)Land(Excl.Lan

259、d Infrastructure Leveling Costs)CUSHMAN&WAKEFIELD|ASIA PACIFIC-DATA CENTRE CONSTRUCTION COST GUIDE 2025OSAKA&TOKYOJOHOR BAHRU,KUALA LUMPUR&SELANGOR22Development Example Cost Breakdown(%Dev.Cost Scenario A)Notes:Development Example Cost Breakdown(%Dev.Cost Scenario A)Cluster Land/Site Purchase CostUn

260、itCostLowMidHighKeihanna Science City$/SQM$1,003$1,253$1,504Central Osaka$/SQM$4,511$7,268$10,025North Osaka$/SQM$1,253$1,629$2,005Inzai$/SQM$752$1,253$1,754Kawasaki$/SQM$5,013$6,266$7,519Saitama$/SQM$2,506$3,133$3,759Central Tokyo$/SQM$7,519$11,278$15,038Sagamihara$/SQM$3,008$3,759$4,511Blended Lan

261、d Purchase Cost$/SQM$3,196$4,480$5,765Construction CostUnitCostLowMidHighCost Per Watt$Per Watt$10.45$13.24$16.02Cost Per MegaWatt$Per MegaWatt$10,449,000$13,235,400$16,021,800Economic Indicators2022 Rate 2023 Rate2024 Rate 2025 Rate GDP Growth1.10%1.70%-0.30%1.00%Inflation Rate3.90%2.90%2.70%1.10%C

262、entral Bank Rate-0.10%-0.10%0.25%0.75%Construction Cost Year Over Year%Change4.00%Applied Local FX Rate1 USD=141.025 JPYCluster Land/Site Purchase CostUnitCostLowMidHighKulai&Sedenak$/SQM$202$257$322Pulai/Nusajaya$/SQM$306$349$393Johor Bahru(City Fringe and City Centre)$/SQM$579$1,037$1,583Cyberjaya

263、 and Greater Selangor$/SQM$382$453$519Blended Land Purchase Cost$/SQM$367$524$704Construction CostUnitCostLowMidHighCost Per Watt$Per Watt$6.94$8.78$10.63Cost Per MegaWatt$Per MegaWatt$6,935,119$8,784,484$10,633,849Economic Indicators2022 Rate 2023 Rate2024 Rate 2025 Rate GDP Growth8.90%3.50%5.60%4.

264、80%Inflation Rate4.00%1.70%2.10%2.10%Central Bank Rate2.76%3.00%3.00%3.00%Construction Cost Year Over Year%Change3.00%Applied Local FX Rate1 USD=4.595 MYS5%8%9%18%9%6%1%1%1%7%35%Professional Fees/Soft Costs Base Building Interior Fit-Out/Finishes Electrical Systems Mechanical Systems Cooling Systems

265、 Fire Suspression&Life Safety Systems Security Systems Furniture&Fixtures IT Rack,Equip.&Cabling(Excl.Active IT Equip.)Land(Excl.Land Infrastructure Leveling Costs)7%12%13%25%12%9%1%1%1%10%9%Professional Fees/Soft Costs Base Building Interior Fit-Out/Finishes Electrical Systems Mechanical Systems Co

266、oling Systems Fire Suspression&Life Safety Systems Security Systems Furniture&Fixtures IT Rack,Equip.&Cabling(Excl.Active IT Equip.)Land(Excl.Land Infrastructure Leveling Costs)CUSHMAN&WAKEFIELD|ASIA PACIFIC-DATA CENTRE CONSTRUCTION COST GUIDE 2025AUCKLANDCLARK,METRO MANILA&PROVINCIAL(LAGUNA,CAVITE,

267、BATANGAS)23Development Example Cost Breakdown(%Dev.Cost Scenario A)Notes:Development Example Cost Breakdown(%Dev.Cost Scenario A)Cluster Land/Site Purchase CostUnitCostLowMidHighCavite$/SQM$163$196$228Laguna$/SQM$165$204$243Batangas$/SQM$149$176$204Pampanga$/SQM$146$172$198Cebu$/SQM$110$141$171Davao

268、$/SQM$110$130$149Blended Land Purchase Cost$/SQM$141$170$199Construction CostUnitCostLowMidHighCost Per Watt$Per Watt$5.52$6.97$8.41Cost Per MegaWatt$Per MegaWatt$5,520,000$6,966,214$8,412,427Economic Indicators2022 Rate 2023 Rate2024 Rate 2025 Rate GDP Growth7.70%5.60%5.80%6.00%Inflation Rate7.90%4

269、.20%3.00%3.30%Central Bank Rate5.50%6.50%5.75%5.10%Construction Cost Year Over Year%Change3.90%Applied Local FX Rate1 USD=55.375 PHP Cluster Land/Site Purchase CostUnitCostLowMidHighNorth$/SQM$771$872$1,039Takanini$/SQM$731$771$872Central$/SQM$905$939$1,006Westgate$/SQM$570$637$704Blended Land Purch

270、ase Cost$/SQM$744$805$905Construction CostUnitCostLowMidHighCost Per Watt$Per Watt$7.31$9.26$11.21Cost Per MegaWatt$Per MegaWatt$7,310,491$9,259,955$11,209,420Economic Indicators2022 Rate 2023 Rate2024 Rate 2025 Rate GDP Growth2.20%0.90%0.60%1.50%Inflation Rate7.20%4.70%2.00%2.20%Central Bank Rate3.

271、80%5.50%4.60%3.00%Construction Cost Year Over Year%Change3.00%Applied Local FX Rate1 USD=1.582529 NZD7%11%12%24%12%8%1%1%1%10%13%Professional Fees/Soft Costs Base Building Interior Fit-Out/Finishes Electrical Systems Mechanical Systems Cooling Systems Fire Suspression&Life Safety Systems Security Sy

272、stems Furniture&Fixtures IT Rack,Equip.&Cabling(Excl.Active IT Equip.)Land(Excl.Land Infrastructure Leveling Costs)7%12%14%27%13%9%1%1%1%11%4%Professional Fees/Soft Costs Base Building Interior Fit-Out/Finishes Electrical Systems Mechanical Systems Cooling Systems Fire Suspression&Life Safety System

273、s Security Systems Furniture&Fixtures IT Rack,Equip.&Cabling(Excl.Active IT Equip.)Land(Excl.Land Infrastructure Leveling Costs)CUSHMAN&WAKEFIELD|ASIA PACIFIC-DATA CENTRE CONSTRUCTION COST GUIDE 2025SINGAPOREBUSAN&SEOUL24Development Example Cost Breakdown(%Dev.Cost Scenario A)Notes:Development Examp

274、le Cost Breakdown(%Dev.Cost Scenario A)Cluster Land/Site Purchase CostUnitCostLowMidHighDong-gu$/SQM 853 2,607 9,071 Gurang Dong$/SQM 465 1,003 1,285 Rest of Busan$/SQM 521 1,892 10,194 Seongnam$/SQM 1,136 4,135 11,595 South Gyeonggi$/SQM 453 4,936 11,768 Incheon/West Gyeonggi$/SQM 1,826 5,256 10,38

275、1 Gangnam$/SQM 28,448 59,266 148,641 SouthWest Seoul$/SQM 3,594 8,750 12,565 Blended Land Purchase Cost$/SQM$4,662$10,981$26,937Construction CostUnitCostLowMidHighCost Per Watt$Per Watt$7.50$9.50$11.51Cost Per MegaWatt$Per MegaWatt$7,503,756$9,504,758$11,505,759Economic Indicators2022 Rate 2023 Rate

276、2024 Rate 2025 Rate GDP Growth2.70%1.40%2.20%1.80%Inflation Rate5.30%3.40%1.60%2.10%Central Bank Rate3.25%3.50%3.00%2.25%Construction Cost Year Over Year%Change3.00%Applied Local FX Rate1 USD=1295.995 KRWCluster Land/Site Purchase CostUnitCostLowMidHighBedok-Tampines$/SQM$1,329$1,007$1,343Loyang$/SQ

277、M$1,085$823$1,097Paya Lebar$/SQM$2,864$2,170$2,894Sunview-Jurong$/SQM$1,526$1,157$1,542Blended Land Purchase Cost$/SQM$1,701$1,289$1,719Construction CostUnitCostLowMidHighCost Per Watt$Per Watt$9.27$11.74$14.21Cost Per MegaWatt$Per MegaWatt$9,268,628$11,740,262$14,211,896Economic Indicators2022 Rate

278、 2023 Rate2024 Rate 2025 Rate GDP Growth3.80%1.10%3.70%2.80%Inflation Rate6.60%4.00%1.80%1.90%Central Bank Rate2.95%3.70%3.10%2.40%Construction Cost Year Over Year%Change4.50%Applied Local FX Rate1 USD=1.3197 SGD 6%11%12%24%11%8%1%1%1%10%15%Professional Fees/Soft Costs Base Building Interior Fit-Out

279、/Finishes Electrical Systems Mechanical Systems Cooling Systems Fire Suspression&Life Safety Systems Security Systems Furniture&Fixtures IT Rack,Equip.&Cabling(Excl.Active IT Equip.)Land(Excl.Land Infrastructure Leveling Costs)4%7%8%16%8%6%1%1%1%7%41%Professional Fees/Soft Costs Base Building Interi

280、or Fit-Out/Finishes Electrical Systems Mechanical Systems Cooling Systems Fire Suspression&Life Safety Systems Security Systems Furniture&Fixtures IT Rack,Equip.&Cabling(Excl.Active IT Equip.)Land(Excl.Land Infrastructure Leveling Costs)CUSHMAN&WAKEFIELD|ASIA PACIFIC-DATA CENTRE CONSTRUCTION COST GU

281、IDE 2025BANGKOKHANOI&HO CHI MINH CITY25Development Example Cost Breakdown(%Dev.Cost Scenario A)Notes:Development Example Cost Breakdown(%Dev.Cost Scenario A)Cluster Land/Site Purchase CostUnitCostLowMidHighBangkok$/SQM$2,242$3,737$5,232East Bangkok/Samut Prakan$/SQM$747$1,868$2,990Nonthaburi$/SQM$74

282、7$1,495$2,616EEC$/SQM$84$229$252Blended Land Purchase Cost$/SQM$955$1,832$2,772Construction CostUnitCostLowMidHighCost Per Watt$Per Watt$6.05$7.67$9.28Cost Per MegaWatt$Per MegaWatt$6,054,469$7,668,994$9,283,519Economic Indicators2022 Rate 2023 Rate2024 Rate 2025 Rate GDP Growth2.50%1.90%2.70%2.70%I

283、nflation Rate5.90%-0.50%1.30%1.80%Central Bank Rate1.25%2.50%2.25%2.25%Construction Cost Year Over Year%Change3.00%Applied Local FX Rate1 USD=34.42 THB5%9%10%20%10%7%1%1%1%8%28%Professional Fees/Soft Costs Base Building Interior Fit-Out/Finishes Electrical Systems Mechanical Systems Cooling Systems

284、Fire Suspression&Life Safety Systems Security Systems Furniture&Fixtures IT Rack,Equip.&Cabling(Excl.Active IT Equip.)Land(Excl.Land Infrastructure Leveling Costs)Cluster Land/Site Purchase CostUnitCostLowMidHighHoa Lac Hi-Tech Park$/SQM$87$109$131HCMC CBD-Tan Thuan EPZ$/SQM$213$344$515Rest of HCMC$

285、/SQM$240$281$336Saigon Hi-tech Park$/SQM$76$102$125Blended Land Purchase Cost$/SQM$154$209$277Construction CostUnitCostLowMidHighCost Per Watt$Per Watt$5.48$6.94$8.40Cost Per MegaWatt$Per MegaWatt$5,475,473$6,935,600$8,395,726Economic Indicators2022 Rate 2023 Rate2024 Rate 2025 Rate GDP Growth8.20%5

286、.00%6.70%6.30%Inflation Rate4.40%3.60%3.30%3.40%Central Bank Rate5.75%4.50%4.50%5.00%Construction Cost Year Over Year%Change3.50%Applied Local FX Rate1 USD=24265VND 7%12%13%26%13%9%1%2%1%11%5%Professional Fees/Soft Costs Base Building Interior Fit-Out/Finishes Electrical Systems Mechanical Systems C

287、ooling Systems Fire Suspression&Life Safety Systems Security Systems Furniture&Fixtures IT Rack,Equip.&Cabling(Excl.Active IT Equip.)Land(Excl.Land Infrastructure Leveling Costs)CUSHMAN&WAKEFIELD|ASIA PACIFIC-DATA CENTRE CONSTRUCTION COST GUIDE 202526Pricing Data&Exchange RatesUS Dollars are used th

288、roughout this report for uniform assessment.Unless otherwise stated,exchange from local currencies was performed in November 2024.All pricing and indices should be viewed with consideration for the significant volatility in foreign exchange rates around the time of publication.Land&Site Acquisition

289、CostsCost data is categorised by purchase capital,professional fees,brokerage fees,transaction and closing costs.Professional and brokerage fees can vary from 1%-5%depending on market and land value.In most markets brokerage fees are paid by the seller.It should be noted that our methodology and sou

290、rce data for calculating land costs has been refined from last years edition to deliver more accurate rankings.This year,we have assessed up to nine clusters within each city and further refined the land parcels to those suited for data centres.The overall results have been ranked by cluster rather

291、than by city to prevent these inner-city clusters unduly influencing city-wide land costs.To account for this change in methodology,land costs should be assessed on a point-in-time basis,rather than year-on-year.Development,Base Build&Construction CostsCost data is categorised by professional fees,p

292、ermits/planning approvals,shell and core,electrical installations,mechanical installations,fire suppression setup,security systems,interior fit out,finishes and fittings costs.All construction labour,material,preliminaries,margin,expenses and general requirements were assessed.Benchmarking is define

293、d in the Specifications&Key Assumptions section.Construction pricing includes backup generators,customer parking,employee parking,faade,fiber links,fuel tanks,heat exchangers,office building/area,loading bays,municipal/private network power supplies,roof structure,security perimeter,security access

294、gate,shipping/receiving areas,structure,substations,vehicle trap,water tanks/storage,wireless/satellite connection and 24/7 cooling/cooling towers.Construction costs are a benchmark only and can fluctuate+/-15%based on developer,operator and customer requirements.Fit Out CostsAncillary/Circulation S

295、paces:Entrance+security staging zones,facilities management rooms,goods lifts/hoists,meeting rooms,offices,passenger lists,shipping and storage areas.Network Operations Centre(NOC)Spaces:Intelligent power monitoring systems,remote equipment monitoring systems and NOC consoles.Data Halls/Server Rooms

296、:Aisle containment,busways/busbars(low voltage),cabinets,enclosures,caging,cable management,cooling systems and power distribution units.Power Rooms/Service Corridors:AC/DC availability,automated transfer switch systems,high density power,power factor correction/rectification systems,UPS systems,sur

297、ge protection systems,switchgear(low,medium,high)and variable frequency drive systems.Climate Control/Service Corridors:Cooling and airflow management systems.Fire Control/Service Corridors:VESDA detection systems,fire suppression systems,gas suppression systems.Fibre Intake Room/Service Corridors:F

298、iber carrier hub(multi and neutral).Other:Interior materials,fixtures and fittings.ExclusionsClient specific direct and indirect costs,and active and operational IT equipment are excluded from this guide.AbbreviationsAIArtificial IntelligenceAPAC Asia PacificCAGRCompound Annual Growth RateCPPCanadia

299、n Pension PlanDC-CFAData Centre Call for ApplicationESGEnvironmental,Social and GovernanceGWGigawattIEAInternational Energy AgencyIMFInternational Monetary FundKWKilowattkWhKilowatt hourMEPMechanical,electrical&plumbingMWMegawattNOCNetwork Operations CentreOpCoOperating CompanyPropCoProperty Company

300、PUEPower Usage EffectivenessData Sources by PageKey Themes in the Asia Pacific Data Centre Market Population figures sourced from Worldometer;capacity by Cushman&WakefieldPower Availability&CostAustralia:AusGrid,AGLNew Zealand:Tuas PowerChinese mainland:State Grid Shanghai Electric Power CompanyHong

301、 Kong,China:CLPTaiwan,China:Taiwan Power CompanySouth Korea:KEPCOJapan:TEPCOSingapore:SP GroupIndia:Adani ElectricityMalaysia:TNBPhilippines:MERALCOIndonesia:JDIHThailand:PEAVietnam:EVNThe Impact of AIInternational Monetary FundRegional Land Cost IndexLand and site acquisition costs are sourced from

302、 our regional brokerage teams database and transaction records.Regional Construction Cost IndexDevelopment costs are sourced from Cushman&Wakefields completed,ongoing,active and planned projects across Asia Pacific and benchmarked against industry standards and client engagement surveys.Construction

303、 Cost Market MoversCPI:Moodys(December 2024 forecast)MethodologyCONSTRUCTIONCOST GUIDE2025ABOUT CUSHMAN&WAKEFIELDCushman&Wakefield(NYSE:CWK)is a leading global commercial real estate services firm for property owners and occupiers with approximately 52,000 employees in nearly 400 offices and 60 coun

304、tries.In 2023,the firm reported revenue of$9.5 billion across its core services of property,facilities and project management,leasing,capital markets,and valuation and other services.It also receives numerous industry and business accolades for its award-winning culture and commitment to Diversity,E

305、quity and Inclusion(DEI),sustainability and more.For additional information,visit .REBECCA JUNGAssociate Director,Business Development Services,Data Centre Group,Asia PTOM GIBSONHead of Project&Development Services,Sustainability&ESG and Data Centre Group,Asia PVIVEK DAHIYAHead of Advisory&Transaction Services,Data Centre Group,Asia PJAMES B.NORMANDALEHead of Technical Services,Data Centre Group,Asia PSHANIL PATELHead of Management Services,Data Centre Group,Asia PPRITESH SWAMYHead of Research&Insights,Data Centre Group,Asia P