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1、A Joint ITU/World Bank ReportMeasuring National ICT Sector Environmental ImpactCover design and Text layout:Duina Reyes-BakovicCopyright and publication informationThe World Bank and ITU.2025.Measuring National ICT Sector Environmental Impact:Arcep Case Study.Washington,D.C.and Geneva.ISBN PDF:978-9

2、2-61-40031-6 The World Bank and International Telecommunication Union,2025 Some rights reservedThis work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO license(CCBY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO;https:/creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo),unless otherwise indicated in

3、 the work.For any uses of this work that are not included in this license,please seek permission from the World Bank and ITU.Third-party materialsIf you wish to reuse material from this work that is attributed to a third party,such as tables,figures or images,it is your responsibility to determine w

4、hether permission is needed for that reuse and to obtain permission from the copyright holder.The risk of claims resulting from infringement of any third party-owned component in the work rests solely with the user.General disclaimersThe designations employed and the presentation of the material in

5、this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of The World Bank,or the ITU concerning the legal status of any country,territory,city or area or of its authorities,or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.The ideas and opinions expressed in th

6、is publication are those of the authors;they do not necessarily reflect those of The World Bank and ITU.The mention of specific companies,products or services does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by The World Bank or ITU in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentio

7、ned.Errors and omissions excepted;the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters.All reasonable precautions have been taken by The World Bank and ITU to verify the information contained in this publication.However,the published material is being distributed without wa

8、rranty of any kind,either expressed or implied.The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader.In no event shall The World Bank or ITU be liable for damages arising from its use.Acknowledgements The World Bank and ITU developed this report with support from the

9、 Digital Development Partnership.A team of Seth Ayers and Sara Ballan,World Bank,Vanessa Gray and Rosie McDonald,ITU,and Anne-Laure Durand,Julien Gilson and Lois Ponce,Arcep led the preparation of the report.The team would like to thank the peer reviewers,including Thomas Chalumeau,Rajendra Singh an

10、d Himmat Sandhu,World Bank,and Casey Torgusson,World Bank,who chaired the peer review process and provided valuable guidance.In addition,the team would like to extend special appreciation to Arcep for sharing its experience and making this report possible.iCONTENTSFOREWORD.iii1.INTRODUCTION.12.MANDA

11、TE AND REGULATORY MODIFICATIONS.32.1 Overview of Arcep.32.2.Path to collecting ICT sector environmental data.33.COMPILATION PROCESSES.83.1 Overview.83.2 Company selection.93.3 Type of data solicited.103.4 Forthcoming surveys.124.UTILIZATION OF DATA.134.1 Data dissemination.134.2 Utilization of resul

12、ts .155.LESSONS LEARNED AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR OTHER REGULATORS.165.1 Lessons learned and challenges.165.2 Recommendations for other regulators.176.CONCLUSIONS AND KEY TAKEAWAYS.S7.ANNEXES.207.1 Summary of legislative changes made for the annual environmental survey.207.2 Companies surveyed for the

13、 2024 annual study for digital sustainability.21MEASURING NATIONAL ICT SECTOR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT:ARCEP CASE STUDY iiBOXESBox 2.1:Digitals carbon footprint in France.4TABLESTable 3.1:Type of companies in the annual environmental survey.9Table 3.2:Summary environmental data collected.11FIGURESFigure

14、 2.1:Digital carbon footprint in France.4Figure 2.2:Timeline of Arceps activities relating to the ICT environmental footprint.6Figure 3.1:Data collection,processing and analysis cycle,year 2022 data.8Figure 4.1:Examples of results from“Achieving digital sustainability”survey.14iiiFOREWORDThis joint

15、case study by the World Bank and the International Telecommunication Union(ITU)is a continuation of our commitment to improving how we understand and track the digital sectors environmental impact.Building on our previous publications like the Measuring the Emissions&Energy Footprint of the ICT Sect

16、or:Implications for Climate Action report and the Green Data Centre Guide,this new publication focuses on lessons learned from Arceps approach to environmental data collection.We believe that these insights will empower regulators worldwide to enhance their national data collection efforts and promo

17、te sustainable digital practices.Arcep,Frances regulatory authority for electronic communications,has set a strong example by developing a collaborative framework for collecting and analyzing environmental data in the ICT sector.Through active engagement with industry stakeholders,methodical data-ga

18、thering approaches,and support from the government,Arcep is successfully measuring the environmental impact of the sector.This case study highlights Arceps key strategies and the impact of their data-driven approach,emphasizing how it can serve as a model for effective regulatory practices worldwide

19、.We call on ICT regulators globally to consider Arceps approach as an example for their own countries.The urgency of global climate action needs regulators to adopt comprehensive methodologies for measuring the environmental footprint of their ICT sector.As part of the Green Digital Action at COP29

20、and beyond,there is an opportunity to build a unified global effort to track and reduce ICT sector emissions,to use data to inform decision-making and digital investments.By collaborating and sharing knowledge,challenges,and best practices,regulators can help create a solid foundation that aligns wi

21、th global climate goals and accelerates the transition to a greener and net zero ICT sector.Addressing the current gaps in data collection is vital to understanding the true environmental impact of the digital sector.Dr Cosmas Luckyson Zavazava Casey TorgussonDirector,Telecommunication Development B

22、ureau Global Program Manager,Digital DevelopmentInternational Telecommunication Union The World Bank 11.INTRODUCTION1 ICT sector GHG emissions were estimated at 567 million in 2022 while those of the international aviation industry were 436 million.See ITU and World Bank.2024.Measuring the Emissions

23、&Energy Footprint of the ICT Sector:Implications for Climate Action.https:/documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099121223165540890/pdf/P17859712a98880541a4b71d57876048abb.pdf and IEA,CO2 emissions in aviation in the Net Zero Scenario,2000-2030 https:/www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/co2-emissio

24、ns-in-aviation-in-the-net-zero-scenario-2000-20302 ITU.2024.The Global E-waste Monitor 2024.https:/www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Environment/Pages/Publications/The-Global-E-waste-Monitor-2024.aspx3 Body of European Regulators for Electronic Communications(BEREC).2023.BEREC Report on Sustainability Indicators

25、 for Electronic Communications Networks and Services.https:/www.berec.europa.eu/system/files/2023-10/BoR%20%2823%29%20166%20Final%20Report%20on%20sustainability%20indicators%20for%20ECN%20ECS.pdf4 ITU and World Benchmarking Alliance(WBA).2024.Greening Digital Companies Report 2024.https:/www.itu.int

26、/hub/publication/d-str-digital-04-20245 ITU and World Bank.2024.Measuring the Emissions&Energy Footprint of the ICT Sector:Implications for Climate Action.http:/documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099121223165540890/P17859712a98880541a4b71d57876048abb6 World Resources Institute.2024.What Are National

27、ly Determined Contributions(NDCs)and Why Are They Important?https:/www.wri.org/insights/nationally-determined-contributions-ndcs-explained 7 The World Bank and ITU.2023.Measuring the Emissions&Energy Footprint of the ICT Sector:Implications for Climate Action.https:/www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Environment/

28、Pages/Publications/Measuring-Emissions-and-Energy-Footprint-ICT-Sector.aspxThe Information and Communication Technology(ICT)sector finds itself at a pivotal moment while propelling digital transformation across the globe,it is also contributing to climate change.The sectors greenhouse gas(GHG)emissi

29、onsestimated at 1.5 to 4 percent of the global totalexceed those of the international aviation industry.1 Digitalization also impacts other environmental areas such as increased energy and water consumption,raw material depletion,and e-waste.2 Therefore,the pressing challenge lies in closing the con

30、nectivity gap for 2.6 billion who remain offline while leveraging ICTs in an environmentally sustainable manner.In almost all countries,data collection and analysis of the ICT sectors environmental footprint is limited.As a result,evaluating its environmental impact relies heavily on estimations,whi

31、ch are often available only at a global scale.In the absence of this information,policymakers will encounter challenges in making well-informed decisions about reducing ICT sector emissions,managing energy resources and minimizing other environmental impacts.Since the impacts of climate change are a

32、lready noticeable it is essential to reduce emissions across all economic sectors.3 Available evidence for the ICT sector suggests emissions and energy use are growing.For instance,one report found that the operational GHG emissions of the worlds 200 largest digital companies grew 12 percent between

33、 2021 and 2022.4 Another report estimated that electricity use of the ICT sector grew 8.2 percent between 2020 and 2022.5 This makes it imperative to monitor the situation.At the same time the widespread adoption of standards for measuring sustainability by digital companies could make ICT a demonst

34、ration sector if national authorities compiled the data.Such data could also be used to inform Nationally Determined Contributions(NDCs).6There are a few examples of data collection at the country level which vary in scope and periodicity.These are collected by different types of entities such as ut

35、ility regulators,national statistics offices and electronic communications regulators.Despite the scarcity of environmental data collected by sector regulators,some telecommunications operators publish data on their emissions and energy use.An ITU/World Bank report aggregated emissions and electrici

36、ty based on company reports from 30 countries.7 This illustrates that data could be available from a number of telecommunications operators.For instance,in some jurisdictions,MEASURING NATIONAL ICT SECTOR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT:ARCEP CASE STUDY 2companies are required to disclose environmental data in

37、 publicly available reports8 while in others there are voluntary initiatives to provide such data to a country portal.9 In 2023,the ITU surveyed ICT regulators regarding sector emissions plans.It received complete responses to the survey from 75 countries.Key findings included:ICT regulators mandate

38、s do not fully capture emerging climate goals and priorities.Currently only one in five regulators are officially mandated to collect emissions data from the ICT sector.However,roughly 40 percent of countries rank emissions monitoring as a high or medium priority and would be willing to undertake ac

39、tions to that end.Further,30 percent intend to introduce goals related to emissions monitoring in the future.ICT regulators are unfamiliar with but eager to learn about reporting standards and methods.While 72 percent of regulators identified as either slightly or not at all familiar with the GHG Pr

40、otocol,roughly half emphasized the need for capacity building on climate and environmental issues.Arcep10,the independent French Electronic Communications,Postal and Print media distribution Regulatory Authority,is notable as the first and only sector regulator to regularly publish,within its annual

41、 survey“Achieving digital sustainability”,indicators from data it collects directly from digital players to assess and monitor their environmental impact.This makes it a model for ICT regulators on how to collect and analyze the environmental footprint which combines GHG emissions,energy,and other e

42、nvironmental impacts.This report provides details on how Arcep initiated the process to collect sustainability data,needed legal changes,how and which companies and sectors are surveyed and outputs from the data.8 For example,the Streamlined Energy and Carbon Reporting Regulation(SECR),introduced in

43、 2019,mandates that businesses incorporated in the United Kingdom report on their energy and carbon emissions every year.9 This is the case in Brazil.See:https:/registropublicodeemissoes.fgv.br10 The French acronym referring to lAutorit de rgulation des communications lectroniques,des postes et de l

44、a distribution de la presse.32.MANDATE AND REGULATORY MODIFICATIONS2.1 OVERVIEW OF ARCEP11 Code des postes et des communications lectroniques at:https:/www.legifrance.gouv.fr/codes/texte_lc/LEGITEXT000006070987/2014-01-14/12 Arcep,Observatoire des marchs des communications lectroniques en France at:

45、https:/www.arcep.fr/cartes-et-donnees/nos-publications-chiffrees/observatoire-des-marches-des-communications-electroniques-en-france/historique-de-lobservatoire.html 13 ARCEP.2022.“Achieving digital sustainability”:Arcep publishes the first edition of its annual inquiry.Press Release,25 April.https:

46、/en.Arcep.fr/news/press-releases/view/n/the-environment-first-annual-inquiry-250422.html14 Arcep,Dcision n2020-0305 de lAutorit de rgulation des communications lectroniques,des postes et de la distribution de la presse en date du 26 mars 2020 relative la mise en place denqutes dans le secteur des co

47、mmunications lectroniques at:https:/www.arcep.fr/uploads/tx_gsavis/20-0305.pdf15 ARCEP.2019.Note n 5 Lempreinte carbone du numrique.Reseaux du future Note n 5,21 October.https:/www.Arcep.fr/uploads/tx_gspublication/reseaux-du-futur-empreinte-carbone-numerique-juillet2019.pdfArcep was established in

48、2005 from the then telecommunication regulator ART(created in 1997)due to the addition of postal oversight to its remit.Arceps responsibilities were expanded considerably to include notably the protection of net neutrality,the regulation of print media,the regulation of data intermediation providers

49、 and cloud services,and the measurement of ICT environmental impact.With a staff of around 185,Arcep actively participates in several regional and international associations.This includes the Body of European Regulators for Electronic Communications(BEREC),FRATEL,a network of French-speaking telecom

50、munications regulators,OECD and the ITU.Arceps responsibilities and powers are outlined in the Postal and Electronic Communications Code.11 The Code includes the mandate for collecting data on the electronic communications sector(e.g.,subscriptions,traffic,financial indicators,employment)a task it h

51、as carried out since 1999.This activity deepened its knowledge of the electronic communication sector and created statistical expertise.The data and accompanying analysis are published in the quarterly and annual Electronic Communication Market in France observatories.12 2.2.PATH TO COLLECTING ICT S

52、ECTOR ENVIRONMENTAL DATAIn April 2022,Arcep released the first edition of its annual survey“Achieving Digital Sustainability”and became the first sector regulator in the world to publish environmental data of telecommunication operators.This included GHG emissions,energy,and end-user devices(sales o

53、f mobile phones by telecom operator,and volumes of mobile phones collected by operators for recycling or reconditioning).13 This first edition is the result of data collection from telecommunication operators initiated by Arcep in 2020,through its mandate at that time and after deciding on its own t

54、o tackle the subject.The initial requests for environmental data were included in the regular data collection questionnaires sent to telecommunications operators for the annual Electronic Communication Market reports.14 It is worth mentioning that no legal modifications were necessary for Arcep to l

55、aunch this inaugural report featuring environmental data of telecommunications operators.Publication of the environmental data for the telecommunications operators has its roots in a note published in 2019 by Arcep about the countrys digital carbon footprint.15 Following on from this note,Arcep laun

56、ched in June 2020 a collaborative platform called Achieving digital sustainability calling on all interested associations,institutions,operators,digital industry businesses and experts to contribute.The many exchanges conducted as part of this platform(workshop,discussions)resulted in the publicatio

57、n,in December 2020,of the Achieving Digital Sustainability report.16 This report put forward 11 proposals for dealing with the ongoing increase in the use of digital technology and reducing its environmental footprint.Above all one of these proposals aims to entrust a competent authority with the po

58、wer to collect relevant information from the entire digital ecosystem in order to obtain granular and reliable data that is essential to assessing and monitoring the digital environmental footprint.The report also calls for a data-driven approach to regulation to enhance the regulators traditional t

59、oolbox.The intent is that this will result in more transparency to reduce information asymmetries and to help users make informed choices.This concept of data-driven regulation sprang from a note by the French Competition Authority and fellow regulators including Arcep.17 In the meantime,in August 2

60、020,the government assigned Arcep and ADEME(Frances National Agency for the Ecological Transition)the task of assessing the digital environmental footprint in France.BOX 2.1:DIGITALS CARBON FOOTPRINT IN FRANCEA January 2022 report by Arcep and ADEME,on the digital environmental footprint in France i

61、n 2020 found that digital technology was responsible for 2.5 percent of the countrys carbon footprint.18 It was estimated that the carbon footprint from digital devices account for most of the carbon impact(79 percent in 2020),followed by data centers and then telecommunication networks(Figure 2.1,l

62、eft).The report recommended addressing the whole value chain as those three segments are intertwined and influence each other.Furthermore,aside from the carbon footprint,the report also found that digital environmental impacts are not limited to GHG emissions and energy consumption,and that metals a

63、nd minerals depletion must be considered.The final volume of the report,published in March 2023,featured a prospective assessment of the digital environmental footprint through 2030 and 2050.The report found that if no action is taken,the digital carbon footprint in France could almost triple betwee

64、n 2020 and 2050(Figure 2.1,right).Figure 2.1:Digital carbon footprint in France676263127323833202020212022Network equipment emissions(million tCO2e)OwnSuppliersTotal10 12 12 46 54 56 56 65 69 202020212022Electricity consumption(TWh)157,000 165,000 159,000 130,000 135,000 197,000 218,000 221,000 233,

65、000 238,000 354,000 383,000 380,000 363,000 373,000 -100,000 200,000 300,000 400,000 500,00020172018201920202021GHG emissions for the four main operators(Scopes 1 and 2,tCO2e)Scope 1Scope 2Total2.22.31.00.90.60.63.13.43.63.83.90123420172018201920202021Energy consumption of fixed and mobile networks(

66、TWh)MobileFixedExchangesTerminals79%Networks5%Data centers16%Distribution of GHG emissions,2020*13.619.937.10.90.912.74.210.917.225.049.001020304050202020302050Projection(Million tCO2e)TerminalsNetworksData centersTotalOwnSuppliersTotal+10%+5%+6%+3%16 Arcep.2020.Achieving Digital Sustainability.http

67、s:/en.Arcep.fr/uploads/tx_gspublication/achieving-digital-sustainability-report-dec2020.pdf 17 Arcep.2019.New regulatory mechanisms data-driven regulation.https:/en.arcep.fr/fileadmin/user_upload/grands_dossiers/La_regulation_par_la_data/note-aai-data-driven-regulation-july2019.pdf 18 ADEME and Arce

68、p.2022.The digital environmental footprint in France:ADEME and Arcep submit their first report to the Government.Press Release,19 January,https:/en.Arcep.fr/fileadmin/user_upload/04-22-english-version.pdfNote:*Data includes full cradle to grave life cycle emissions.Source:ADEME and Arcep.2023.ADEME-

69、Arcep study:assessment of the digital environmental footprint in France in 2020,2030 and 2050 https:/en.arcep.fr/uploads/tx_gspublication/press-kit-study-Ademe-Arcep-lot3_march2023.pdfMEASURING NATIONAL ICT SECTOR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT:ARCEP CASE STUDY 4The ADEME/Arcep study mentioned above showed th

70、at end-user devices are responsible for 65 percent to 90 percent of the digital environmental footprint in France and that environmental impact is not limited to carbon emissions.These results corroborate the Achieving Digital Sustainability report proposal to extend data collection to the entire di

71、gital ecosystem.This proposal came to fruition with a change in law expanding Arceps mandate for environmental data collection from telecommunications operators to other ICT sector industries.This change to its mandate was voted by the French legislature in December 2021(Law No.2 of 23 December 2021

72、).19 That law resulted in a revision to the Post and Electronic Communications Code.Section L36-6 gives the power to Arcep for collecting environmental data from telecom operators,terminal manufacturers,data center operators,online communication service providers,network equipment manufacturers and

73、suppliers and operating system providers 20:The Autorit de rgulation des communications lectroniques,des postes et de la distribution de la presse)sets out the rules for:8 The content and methods of making available,including to third-party organizations listed by the Authority,reliable information

74、relating to the environmental footprint of online public communication services,terminal device,operating systems,data centers,networks,in particular the equipment constituting them,and electronic communications services,as well as the determination of the indicators and methods used to measure it.2

75、1 The law and changes to the Post and Electronic Communications Code was then operationalized by Arcep through an environmental data collection decision issued in November 2022.22 This decision includes data center operators and device manufacturers in addition to electronic communications operators

76、 as part of a first round of enlargement of the data collection perimeter,which aims to be progressively extended to the entire digital ecosystem.A questionnaire asking for environmental data was sent to telecommunications operators and the new companies(i.e.,device manufacturers and data center ope

77、rators)in January 2023 with the results published in March 2024 in the third edition of the annual“Achieving digital sustainability”survey.Meanwhile,Arcep has continued to gradually extend the scope of environmental data collection.In February 2024,Arcep published its new Decision on environmental d

78、ata collection23 that expands its data collection to mobile network equipment suppliers,focusing on the main types of hardware that make up a cell site,for publication in 2025 in its fourth edition of its annual“Achieving digital sustainability”survey.However,the December 2021 law and the consequent

79、 changes to the French Post and Electronic Communications still did not legally allow Arcep to collect data from cloud computing service providers since they were not included in the definition of data center operators in the Post and Electronic Communication Code.This was enabled through Law n 2024

80、-449 of 21 May 2024 on Securing and regulating the digital space,specifically Article 34,which extends Arceps data collection powers to cloud computing providers.24 For the 5th edition,Arcep plans to extend its data collection to fixed network equipment manufacturers of fiber optic cables.19 LOI n 2

81、021-1755 du 23 dcembre 2021 visant renforcer la rgulation environnementale du numrique par lAutorit de rgulation des communications lectroniques,des postes et de la distribution de la presse.https:/www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000044553569 20 Note that this extends to data center operators

82、 that lease space for companies to locate their servers.It does not include companies who own data centers for their own use.Arcep is gradually extending its data collection to all players mentioned in the scope of Article L36-6.21 https:/www.legifrance.gouv.fr/codes/id/LEGIARTI000044564896/2021-12-

83、25/22 Dcision n2022-2149 de lAutorit de rgulation des communications lectroniques,des postes et de la distribution de la presse en date du 22 novembre 2022 relative la mise en place dune collecte annuelle de donnes environnementales auprs des oprateurs de communications lectroniques,de centres de do

84、nnes et des fabricants de terminaux.https:/www.Arcep.fr/uploads/tx_gsavis/22-2149.pdf23 Dcision n 2023-2488 de lArcep en date du 22 novembre 2023 relative la mise en place dune collecte annuelle de donnes environnementales auprs des oprateurs de communications lectroniques,de centres de donnes,des f

85、abricants de terminaux et des quipementiers de rseaux mobiles https:/www.Arcep.fr/uploads/tx_gsavis/23-2488.pdf 24 https:/www.legifrance.gouv.fr/loda/article_lc/LEGIARTI000049565892/2024-05-232.Mandate and regulatory modifications5Figure 2.2:Timeline of Arceps activities relating to the ICT environm

86、ental footprint Arcep publishes note on digital carbon footprint2019 First environmental data collection from the four main telecom operators through Arceps existing mandate Arcep launches a collaborative platform in June devoted to Achieving digital sustainability Government assigns Arcep and ADEME

87、 the task of measuring the digital environmental footprint in France in August In December,Arcep publishes the Achieving digital sustainability report which includes 11 proposals for combining the ongoing increase in the use of digital tech and reducing its environmental footprint.One of the proposa

88、ls aims at implementing environmental data collection from the entire digital ecosystem to obtain granular and reliable data to access and monitor the digital environmental footprint In December,a law was amended to allow Arcep to collect data from a wide range of digital players beyond telecom oper

89、ators(digital equipment manufacturers,data center operators,online communication service providers,network equipment suppliers and operating system providers)In April,the 1st edition of the Achieving digital sustainability survey covered only the scope of telecom operators.Three categories of indica

90、tors were published:GHG emissions,network energy consumption;mobile phones;sales and collection for recycling or reconditioning Arcep conducts several interviews with stakeholders to extend its data collection to actors other than telecom operators In November,Arcep operationalizes revised law in De

91、cision n2022-2149 which extends the data collection to digital equipment manufacturers and data center operators and includes a protocol for measuring the power consumption of telecom operators modems and set-top boxes.2nd edition of the Achieving digital sustainability survey and report published i

92、n April and still only covers the four main telecom operators Adoption of the decision n2023-2488 in November which extends the scope of data collection to mobile network manufacturers and new indicators for players already surveyed 3rd edition of the Achieving digital sustainability survey and repo

93、rt published in March including digital equipment manufacturers and data centers operators Law amended to allow Arcep to collect data from cloud service providers 4th edition of digital sustainability report including mobile network equipment manufacturers 202020212022202320242025Source:https:/en.Ar

94、cep.fr/uploads/tx_gspublication/ARCEP-RA2024-TOME-01_frise-environment_ENG.pdf MEASURING NATIONAL ICT SECTOR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT:ARCEP CASE STUDY 6Arceps experience provides a valuable lesson for other countries on how to collect environmental data for the ICT sector.Consultation and collaboration

95、with stakeholders,from industry players to associations(environmental,consumer and business)and government bodies such as the national agency responsible for the environment are at the core of the process.Arceps use case highlights the importance of a progressive and adaptive approach not only in ex

96、panding to new sectors but also in continuously enriching the data collected with additional indicators.Arcep began with telecommunication operators and many national regulatory authorities already collect telecom industry statistics and therefore,no new regulation is likely needed to expand data co

97、llection to include environmental data.Furthermore,this existing expertise in collecting industry statistics should initially suffice for collecting basic environmental data for telecommunication operators where there are clear definitions and standards.In addition many telecom operators themselves

98、already publish this data in sustainability reports.Over time,and with changes in the legal framework,Arcep successfully expanded its scope to include other sectors such as data center operators,device manufacturers and mobile network equipment manufacturers.Arceps approach shows that it is entirely

99、 possible to start small,with a limited set of indicators,and gradually build up the data collection process which cumulatively contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the environmental footprint of digital technology over time.By taking incremental steps,other countries can develop a r

100、obust and scalable framework that evolves as their capacity and expertise grow.2.Mandate and regulatory modifications783.COMPILATION PROCESSES3.1 OVERVIEW25 The questionnaires sent and the notices:https:/www.Arcep.fr/uploads/tx_gsavis/questionnaires-notices-collecte-donnees-environnementales._fev202

101、4.zip 26 Dcision n2023-2488 de lAutorit de rgulation des communications lectroniques,des postes et de la distribution de la presse en date du 22 novembre 2023 relative la mise en place dune collecte annuelle de donnes environnementales auprs des oprateurs de communications lectroniques,de centres de

102、 donnes,des fabricants de terminaux et des quipementiers de rseaux mobiles at:https:/www.Arcep.fr/uploads/tx_gsavis/23-2488.pdf In 2024,Arceps annual environmental questionnaires relating to year 2023 data was sent to four types of companies:electronic communications operators,digital devices and mo

103、bile equipment manufacturers and data center operators.Companies are selected based on either the number of subscribers they have in France or their French revenue.There are five Excel questionnaires depending on the type of company.25 The legal basis for the survey are contained in Arcep Decision 2

104、023-2488 of 22 November 2023.26 This data collection will be the subject of the 4th edition of the survey,to be published in 2025.For the survey relating to year 2022 data,questionnaires were sent in early 2023 with responses due by 31 March 2023.The data was then validated,compiled and analyzed wit

105、h the report released in March 2024(Figure 3.1).Figure 3.1:Data collection,processing and analysis cycle,year 2022 dataNOVEMBER 2022Arcep notification about data collectionEARLY 2023Questionnaire sent to companiesMARCH 31 2023Questionnaire due backAPRIL 2023-MARCH 2024Data validation&compiliation&dr

106、afting of reportMARCH 2024Publication of reportCompanies fill in the Excel sheets and then upload them to Arceps online database.Staff verify the data using the same process as for telecommunications market data.Data verification,which is time consuming,is based on:responses from other companies ava

107、ilable historical data other internal or external data sources questions Arcep asks companies about the data collectedData collection is carried out from start to finish by Arcep,from the drafting of the collection decision to the publication and release of the data.Two persons work full-time on env

108、ironmental data collection.It is important to point out that Arcep already had statistical resources at its disposal(i.e.,a market monitoring unit)when it decided to collect environmental data.Expertise in terms of statistical collection and processing is required,as well as specific skills in the f

109、ield(measuring environmental impact).27 Estimated to represent between 70-90 percent of the market.3.2 COMPANY SELECTIONIt is important to note that the surveys are not intended to question every company in the ICT sector.This would add to Arceps workload and it would place a burden on smaller compa

110、nies.Therefore,Arcep has defined selection criteria for in-scope companies based on turnover or the number of subscribers.This covers the main facilities-based telecommunication operators,the leading data center operators and an estimated 70-90 percent of the market for digital devices companies.Arc

111、ep has flexibility to expand the number of companies surveyed in the future.A list of the specific companies surveyed for year 2024 data is shown in the Annex(7.2).Table 3.1:Type of companies in the annual environmental surveyType of companySelection criteriaNumber of companiesQuestionnaireDigital d

112、evice manufacturer(only manufacturers who market digital device in France either directly or through a distributor are surveyed)27Turnover 10 million in France excluding VAT23AData center operatorTurnover 10 million in France excluding VAT19BElectronic communication operatorCustomers 3 million in Fr

113、ance in the fixed and mobile retail markets combined4C.1&C.2Mobile network manufacturersTurnover 10 million in France excluding VAT4D3.Compilation processes93.3 TYPE OF DATA SOLICITED28 International Organization for Standardization(ISO).2018.Greenhouse gases.https:/www.iso.org/standard/66453.html29

114、 https:/ghgprotocol.org/corporate-standardThe questionnaires specify the exact nature of the data collected.All companies are asked for overall emissions and except for digital device and mobile network manufacturers,electricity use.Additional questions vary depending on the industry of the company.

115、Emissions data collected is based on ISO 14064-128 and the GHG Protocol29(Scope 1,Scope 2(both location and market-based)and Scope 3),although thus far only Scope 1 and 2 are published.Arceps data collection goes beyond carbon emissions.Recognizing the importance of a comprehensive environmental ass

116、essment,Arcep adopts a multi-criteria approach by gathering additional indicators that provide a broader view of environmental impacts across different sectors.For instance,in addition to greenhouse gas emissions,data center operators are required to report water and electricity consumption,which ar

117、e critical in assessing the sustainability of their operations.Similarly,terminal manufacturers must provide information on the volumes of digital devices they put on the market,categorized by screen size,as well as the amounts of rare earths and precious metals used in production.For electronic com

118、munications operators,the data collection extends to the energy consumption of their networks,mobile phone sales,and the volumes of cell phones collected for recycling or reconditioning.All indicators are precisely defined via definition notices.There is a specific notice for each category of player

119、 surveyed.The notices are drafted by Arcep staff on the basis of exchanges with the players surveyed.They are sent to the companies at the same time as the Excel questionnaires for data collection.In addition,they are modified each year to take account of any changes in data collection.For each of t

120、he indicators contained in the questionnaire,the responding company may comment on its responses in the“comments from the responding company”sections,for example on the scope of the indicators,the methodologies used for their calculation,the emission factors,or any other information that the respond

121、ing company wishes to provide to the Authority.Arcep works closely with the companies providing the data.Data collection is systematically carried out using a collaborative approach.Arcep works with the companies from whom data is collected at each stage of the data collection process,to create and

122、define indicators(interviews with stakeholders,public consultation on the draft data collection decision)but also to analyze and verify the data once collected.Then,before any publication,the main results of the analyses carried out on the data collected are shared with the companies that provided t

123、heir data so that they can provide comments.Involvement can vary from one company to another.A lot of actors are involved,whether in the creation of new indicators or in ensuring that the data transmitted is properly understood and/or reliable.MEASURING NATIONAL ICT SECTOR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT:ARCEP

124、 CASE STUDY 10Table 3.2:Summary of environmental data collectedIndicatorUnitsType of companyCarbon indicatorsScope 1 GHG emissionstCO2eAllScope 2 GHG emissions(location-based)AllScope 2 GHG emissions(market-based)AllScope 3 GHG emissionsAllEnergy/electricity indicatorsTotal electricity consumption T

125、WhAll except digital device and mobile network manufacturers30Total energy consumptionTWhTelcom operators(network energy consumption;and energy consumption of all modems and set-top boxes used by the operators customers)and data centersElectricity per devicewattsTelecom operators(set top box and mod

126、ems used by operators customers)and digital device manufacturers(televisions and computer screens;average power in operating and standby modes)Electricity consumption,and Maximum admissible power for IT deviceData centersPower Usage Effectiveness(PUE)NumberCalculated by Arcep from information provid

127、ed by data center operators31Other indicatorsDevices(TVs,computer displays,portable computers,tablets,mobile telephones)and mobile network device(the main types of hardware that make up a cell site)sold NumberTelecom operators and digital device and mobile network manufacturers Collection,reconditio

128、ning and recycling of mobile phones,modems and TV set-top boxesNumberTelecom operatorsVolume of water drawn by the data centerType of water drawnm3Freshwater,waste-water,seawaterData center operatorsCooling systems usedData center operatorsTotal data center floor area and area for IT devicem2Data ce

129、nter operatorsVolume of rare earths and precious metals required to manufacture devices sold in FrancekgDigital devices manufacturersTotal duration of use of digital deviceMonthsDigital devices manufacturersSales of digital device,segmented depending on device,by screen size and screen technologyNum

130、berDigital devices manufacturers30 Note:Electricity consumption is not uniformly collected across all players.For telecom operators:Questionnaire C.1:Captures energy consumption of networks,segmented by network type,operators data centers,and Internet/TV set-top boxes at customers premises.Questionn

131、aire C.2:Focuses on instantaneous electricity consumption(in watts)of Internet/TV set-top boxes under different scenarios.For data center operators:Questionnaire B:Collects total electricity consumption of data centers and their IT equipment.For digital equipment manufacturers,electricity consumptio

132、n data is not collected,except for average power usage(in operation and standby mode)for TVs and monitors.31 Total data center electricity consumption and IT equipment electricity consumption.3.Compilation processes113.4 FORTHCOMING SURVEYS32 https:/en.arcep.fr/news/press-releases/view/n/environment

133、-260724.html33 https:/www.arcep.fr/uploads/tx_gspublication/consultation-projdec-collecte-environnementale_juil2024.pdfThe fourth edition of the survey,which Arcep will publish in early 2025,will for the first time incorporate data for mobile network equipment suppliers.It will also include new indi

134、cators collected from data center operators and device manufacturers.In future editions,Arcep wants to continue to steadily enhance its collection of environmental data.This includes fixed network equipment suppliers that manufacture fiber optic cables and the incorporation of new indicators for som

135、e of the market players that are already being queried.32 To that end Arcep launched a public consultation in late July 2024(with replies due by the end of September)to solicit feedback from stakeholders on its future plans.33 MEASURING NATIONAL ICT SECTOR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT:ARCEP CASE STUDY 12134

136、.UTILIZATION OF DATA34 https:/en.arcep.fr/news/press-releases/view/n/the-environement-210324.html 35 https:/www.arcep.fr/cartes-et-donnees/nos-publications-chiffrees/impact-environnemental/derniers-chiffres.html 36 https:/www.arcep.fr/uploads/tx_gspublication/EAPNS2024-infographies.pdf 37 https:/www

137、.arcep.fr/fileadmin/user_upload/observatoire/enquete-pns/edition-2024/enquete-annuelle-pour-un-numerique-soutenable_edition2024.pdf 38 https:/www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/enquete-annuelle-pour-un-numerique-soutenable/This chapter describes how the data is disseminated and used.4.1 DATA DISSEMINATION

138、Three digital sustainability reports have thus far been released by Arcep.The data are disseminated in reports available on the Arcep website in French(the press releases are available in English).Each release is accompanied by several outputs.For the Achieving digital sustainability released in Mar

139、ch 2024,outputs included:1.A press release342.A summary of the results353.An animated presentation4.An infographic365.Detailed report376.Excel spreadsheet38One of the findings was that the companies in the ICT industries surveyed in France generated 1.1 million tons of operational GHG emissions in 2

140、022.Another was that emissions,electricity consumption and water use all increased by more than 10percent over the previous year in the data center industry.Notably almost 95 percent of the electricity consumption of a set-top box is independent of its use;this suggests steps could be taken to lower

141、 its energy draw in standby mode.Figure 4.1:Examples of results from“Achieving digital sustainability”survey 18 Figure 4.1:Examples of results from“Achieving digital sustainability”survey The GHG emissions,electricity and water consumption of data center operators rise by more than 10 percent in one

142、 yearTOTALMEASURING NATIONAL ICT SECTOR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT:ARCEP CASE STUDY 144.2 UTILIZATION OF RESULTS 39 https:/en.arcep.fr/news/press-releases/view/n/the-environement-210324.html 40 https:/www.ecologie.gouv.fr/sites/default/files/documents/Feuille_de_route_Numerique_Environnement.pdf 41 https:

143、/www.arcep.fr/mes-demarches-et-services/consommateurs/fiches-pratiques/equipements-et-usages-numeriques-comment-limiter-mon-impact-environnemental-au-quotidien.html There are four main objectives attached to Arceps annual“Achieving digital sustainability”survey:391.Informcitizens,public sector playe

144、rs and all of the stakeholders on the ICT sectors environmental footprint;2.Identifyeconomic players activities that are likely to have an impact on the environment;3.Encouragestakeholders to take steps to achieve the most efficient measurement possible of their environmental footprint;4.Monitorthe

145、progression of these indicators over time,creating the ability to assess the impact of environmental protection actions put in place by businesses,and to supply relevant information for evaluating public policies on digital and the environment,and particularly Arceps actions in this area.For example

146、,the objectives set in the French Government roadmap on“Digital sector and environment40”were set based on Arceps indicators.The aim of this national strategy is to ensure that the digital and ecological transitions converge.It aims to improve knowledge of the various impacts of digital technology o

147、n the environment,to control this impact and to harness its potential for innovation in the service of the ecological transition.Another example,based on the results of its research,especially its environmental data collection,is the publication of a FAQ41(in French)offering advice and best practice

148、 for citizens on how to limit environmental impact.The Authority recommends,for example,to extend the lifespan of devices as much as possible,and control certain uses of smartphones(uninstall unused applications,set the resolution of videos viewed,etc.).By publishing these environmental impact indic

149、ators,Arcep is also proposing to use data-driven regulation to extend the awareness that has already been created,by providing end-users with relevant information on the energy impacts associated with digital uses,on an objective and unbiased basis.4.Utilization of data15165.LESSONS LEARNED AND RECO

150、MMENDATIONS FOR OTHER REGULATORS5.1 LESSONS LEARNED AND CHALLENGESWhen it came to collecting environmental data from digital players,Arcep already had considerable statistical expertise through its monitoring of the French electronic communications sector(which is essential)but it had to develop exp

151、ertise in measuring environmental footprints and adapt to a new ecosystem of players unknown at the time.To meet this challenge,Arcep has followed a consultative process with the digital and environmental ecosystem from the beginning of its journey to collect environmental data.This consultative pro

152、cess was initiated as part of the 2020 Achieving Digital Sustainability report,the result of eight meetings between July and November 2020 with trade associations,electronic communications operators,tech companies,civil society stakeholders,government agencies and experts.The authority co-built its

153、data collection by pursuing the consultative process.For example,in order to extend the data collection to digital devices manufacturers and data center operators,Arcep conducted around 40 bilateral exchanges and four multilateral workshops with a wide range of stakeholders(including environmental a

154、nd consumer associations and industry representatives)to gather their views on the relevant indicators that could be included in the data collection.It is also important to leave sufficient time for collaboration and a co-construction approach-around two years in Arceps case was required,from the st

155、art of the work to its publication.Arcep also works closely with the industry in the data collection process.Arceps collaboration with ADEME,the French environmental authority,has also enabled it to deepen its sustainability knowledge.The study carried out with ADEME showed that digital devices and

156、data centers are notable contributors to digitals carbon footprint,which led Arcep to extend its data collection to equipment manufacturers and data center operators.Furthermore,the study corroborates the importance of adopting a multi-criteria approach;while climate data are critical,it is importan

157、t to consider the complete environmental footprint of the ICT sector,including use of metals and minerals in digital devices,water consumption and recycling.Strong backing from the government has been instrumental in achieving legislative changes allowing Arcep to collect data from all relevant comp

158、anies in the ICT sector(Annex 7.1).5.2 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR OTHER REGULATORS42 Note that the structure of the telecommunications market and the way emissions are accounted for may affect the type of companies data is collected from.This is especially relevant in countries where there are large tower

159、markets.In this case,tower companies may account for a significant portion of telecom sector emissions.Arceps experience offers a number of important lessons for other regulators on how to collect and disseminate environmental indicators for the ICT sector.Obtain a data collection mandate.Having the

160、 mandate to collect environmental indicators is critical to ensure that there is high level support for carrying out the activity.This may require some action by the regulator to help achieve the mandate.For instance,Arcep published a report describing the importance of collecting the data which con

161、vinced the government to endorse the process.Collaborate and co-build data collection with other stakeholders.Including companies and entities(environmental experts and associations,industry players,etc.)who want to contribute to the development of the data collection process is one of the most crit

162、ical factors for success.This phase of dialogue and consultation allows familiarization and knowledge exchange with stakeholders with whom regulators may not usually come into contact with.It also enhances the development of relevant and operational indicators and maximizes the response rates to the

163、 questionnaires.Base data collection on indicators and methodologies already used and recognized.Using indicators and methodologies that are already applied helps to avoid too much workload for companies and regulators and maximizes response rates.Begin with key indicators that are most relevant and

164、 standardized,then gradually expand the list as capacity grows and familiarity with the process increases.This phased approach ensures a more effective and sustainable rollout.Begin with the telecom industry.Many regulators already collect data from telecommunications operators.Based on the experien

165、ce of Arcep it would appear other regulators could collect environmental data from telecom operators without the need to change any laws or regulations.Starting with the telecommunications sector would likely not require many more resources and would allow regulators to build up capacity before expa

166、nding the data collection to other digital industries.Furthermore,if the regulator already collects and disseminates data on the telecommunications sector,it will have expertise for collecting statistics.42 It is not a giant leap to collecting environmental data as methodologies for emissions and en

167、ergy data are widely available.Gradually expand to other ICT industries and devices.It is essential to eventually cover more segments of the ICT sector.As Arceps analyses indicates,in France there are more emissions coming from data centers and digital devices than telecom operators.Therefore,it cri

168、tical to collect from all these industries to have a complete picture of the environmental impact of digital ecosystem.However,the main source of emissions differs from country to country and often by level of development.Specifically,cloud services may not be as developed in some countries and the

169、structure of device markets may be not always be formalized.Hence regulators should create a typology of their ICT sector to guide prioritization of environmental data collection.5.Lessons learned and recommendations for other regulators17 Develop in-house skills on the environment.Training is impor

170、tant so that staff can better understand these new issues,define the right indicators and be able to effectively engage in dialogue with ICT sector actors.Build its own expertise on other experiences.It is essential to engage in dialogue with other regulators and environmental agencies.This helps to

171、 provide a better framework at the national level and request the most relevant data.For example,Arcep has had a close collaboration with ADEME,the French environment agency,from the inception of its sustainability work.Both agencies were charged with responsibility for environmental data on the dig

172、ital sector.They have also collaborated on several reports.MEASURING NATIONAL ICT SECTOR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT:ARCEP CASE STUDY 18196.CONCLUSIONS AND KEY TAKEAWAYSMonitoring the environmental impact of the ICT sector is crucial for informed decision-making,especially as the sectors emissions and ener

173、gy consumption continue to grow.Collecting accurate national data enables regulators to craft effective policies and prioritize sustainability during digital transformation.ICT regulators like Arcep play a critical role by engaging actively in this space,advocating for transparency,and ensuring that

174、 environmental considerations are integral to the ICT industrys development.The lack of reliable national level data poses a challenge to creating effective strategies to reduce the environmental impact of the ICT sector.Arceps journey to collect ICT sector environmental data began with a legal mand

175、ate,culminating in the first annual survey Achieving Digital Sustainability.Legislative changes expanded its authority to include other ICT industries,setting the stage for comprehensive environmental data collection.Arceps experience offers valuable insights into the challenges and successes of dat

176、a collection in this sector.Collaboration with stakeholders,incremental progress,and a focus on transparency are crucial components of the process.The recommendations provided offer a roadmap for other regulators considering similar initiatives.Arceps approach to measuring the ICT sectors environmen

177、tal impact has set an example for how data can be used to drive accountability and foster environmentally sustainable practices.This use case encourages other ICT regulators to adopt a similar approach,starting with telecom data collection,gradually expanding to broader ICT sub-sectors,and continual

178、ly refining their methods to keep pace with technological advancements and national environmental needs.207.ANNEXES7.1 SUMMARY OF LEGISLATIVE CHANGES MADE FOR THE ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEYDateLaw/DecisionRemarks26 March 2020Decision n2020-0305(Arcep)Notification to electronic communications operat

179、ors about collection of data for 1st environmental survey.Note that this is simply an Arcep decision advising electronic communications operators about the survey and no changes to laws were required.16 March 2021Decision n2021-0375(Arcep)Notification to electronic communications operators about col

180、lection of data for 2nd environmental survey.Note that this is simply an Arcep decision advising electronic communications operators about the survey and no changes to laws were required.23 December 2021Law n 2021-1755 Law granting Arcep the right to collect environmental data from a broader range o

181、f industries in the ICT sector beyond electronic communications operators.25 December 2021Post and Electronic Communications Code,Article L36-6,#8Revisions to give Arcep the right to collect data from not just electronic communications operators but a range of ICT industry companies including data c

182、enter operators,terminal equipment manufacturers,mobile and fixed network equipment manufacturers,and mobile.22 November 2022Decision n2022-2149(Arcep)Notification to electronic communications and data center operators and terminal manufacturers about collection of data for 3rd environmental survey.

183、22 November 2023Decision n 2023-2488(Arcep)Notification to electronic communications and data center operators and manufacturers of terminal devices and mobile network equipment about collection of data for 4th environmental survey.21 May 2024Law n 2024-449 aimed at securing and regulating the digit

184、al spaceGives Arcep the right to collect environmental data from cloud service providers.7.2 COMPANIES SURVEYED FOR THE 2024 ANNUAL STUDY FOR DIGITAL SUSTAINABILITY1.Electronic communications operators Bouygues Telecom;Free;Orange;SFR.2.Data center operators Adista;Amazon Data Services France SAS;At

185、os;Celeste;Ciril Group;Cogent Communications France SAS;Colt technology Services;Data4 Services;Digital Realty;Equinix France;Free pro;Hexanet;Kyndryl France;Orange;OVHcloud;Scaleway SFR;Sigma informatique;Telehouse.3.Terminal manufacturers Acer Computer France;Alphabet France;Apple Inc.;ASUSTek Com

186、puter Inc.;BenQ;Crosscall;Dell SAS;Fujitsu Technology Solutions;Hisense France;Honor Technologies France;HP France;Huawei Technologies France;Iiyama;Lenovo;LG Electronics France;Microsoft;Oppo;Panasonic France;Samsung;Sony Corporation;TCL;TP Vision;Xiaomi.Source:Arcep 2024.“Annexe 3:Les Acteurs Interrogs Dans Le Cadre lenqute Annuelle Pour Un Numrique Soutenable.”In ENQUETE ANNUELLE POUR UN NUMERIQUE SOUTENABLE 3e dition Anne 2022.https:/www.Arcep.fr/fileadmin/user_upload/observatoire/enquete-pns/edition-2024/enquete-annuelle-pour-un-numerique-soutenable_edition2024.pdf.7.Annexes21