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1、Materials Market ReportSeptember 2024 Textile Exchange Revised January 20252MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024ContentsIntroduction 3About this report 3Executive summary 4The Global Fiber Market 7Global fiber market trends 8The global fiber market 2023 9The global fiber market 2023:Program overview 10The g

2、lobal recycled fiber market 11Cotton 12Virgin cotton 13Recycled cotton 23Other Plant-based Fibers 24Other plant-based fibers 25Wool 27Virgin sheep wool 28Recycled sheep wool 33Other Animal Fibers 34Virgin mohair 35Virgin cashmere 36Virgin alpaca 38Virgin silk 39Other virgin animal fibers 40Manmade C

3、ellulosic Fibers 41Virgin manmade cellulosic fibers 42Recycled manmade cellulosic fibers 46Polyester 47Recycled polyester 48Biobased and CO2-based polyester 50Polyamide(Nylon)51Recycled polyamide(nylon)52Biobased polyamide(nylon)53Other Synthetic Fibers 54Other synthetic fibers 55Other Raw Materials

4、(Non-Fiber)56Down&Feathers 57Virgin down 58Recycled down 60Leather 61Virgin leather 62Recycled leather 65Natural Rubber 66Natural rubber 67Supply Chain Standards 68Supply chain standards 69Methodology&Disclaimer 71Methodology 72Estimating the sectors share of global production 74Acknowledgements 75R

5、evised January 2025.See methodology for further information.Cover photo:Madeleine Brunnmeier/COLEOWelcome to the 11th edition of Textile Exchanges annual Materials Market Report.The Materials Market Report was launched in 2013 and is a comprehensive,annual publication that provides unique data and i

6、nsights into global fiber and raw materials production,helping the industry to measure and make progress towards its goals.We believe that climate action starts at the source of the materials we choose.The Materials Market Report shares best available data on global fiber and material production vol

7、umes alongside program-specific volumes and other insights such as the number of certified sites.For the purpose of this report,leather,rubber,and down are considered non-fiber raw materials and are therefore included separately from the section and charts on global fiber.Its important to note that

8、the compilation of global market data for fibers and raw materials is challenging and the quality of available data is often limited.The collection of primary data from suppliers is beyond the scope of this report so we rely on secondary data from industry associations,international organizations,go

9、vernmental organizations,standard setters,and research institutes.While Textile Exchange has collected,analyzed,and compiled this information in all good conscience and has cross-checked it wherever possible,the report is intended for general guidance and information purposes only.Data gaps and inco

10、nsistencies are common in global market data,so modeling has often had to be applied.For many years,Textile Exchange has worked on improving data quality and increasing transparency in the industry.However,there is a lot more work to be done,and we want to encourage the industry to help us further i

11、mprove the quality and accessibility of global fiber and raw materials production data.Only through collaboration and joint efforts can we measure our progress and achieve our goals.We would like to say a huge thank you to all those who have contributed data or information to this report for making

12、its production possible.3MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024INTRODuCTIONAbout this reportWhere to find an assessment of different programs and standards systems:It is not within the scope of this report to assess the sustainability and governance attributes of programs or standards and therefore the inform

13、ation should not be used or considered as advice or recommendation in any direction.Those looking for an assessment of different programs and standards systems may wish to refer to Textile Exchanges Preferred Fiber and Materials Matrix(PFMM)an interactive tool launched in 2023 that uses a holistic s

14、et of quantitative and qualitative criteria to consistently assess what is included in various standards systems.We recognize that,for some materials,the information in the PFMM is currently limited;in the future,it will be built out to be inclusive of additional material types as well as branded ma

15、terials and other sustainability programs alongside standards.Where to find supplier-related information:Textile Exchange continues to provide information about suppliers,production sites,and branded materials.Previously included in this report,the information now resides online in Textile Exchanges

16、 Materials Directory(beta version)where we share information on suppliers around the world in the form of interactive maps and a filterable database.With your help,we are working to continuously improve this tool.The development of the Materials Directory is part of Textile Exchanges tools harmoniza

17、tion process,which will merge previously existing fiber-and material-specific tools into one.Further alignment of Textile Exchanges tools is planned for the coming years.Where to find Information on companies commitments and targets:Information about the Material Challenges can be found in the Mater

18、ial Challenges Dashboard.CONTENTSIntroductionImportant note about the scope of data included in this report:Please note that this report covers total fiber and raw materials production volumes,irrespective of whether they are used for apparel,home textiles,footwear,or any other application.Textile E

19、xchange is aware of the interest in the breakdown of volumes going into different product groups,for which data is currently very limited,and plans to work on improving this data.In the meantime,as a starting point and to aid interpretation of the data included in this report,Textile Exchange has in

20、cluded very rough estimates of the sector breakdown per fiber and material category in the Methodology section of this report.4MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSINTRODuCTIONThe global fiber marketGlobal fiber production increased from around 116 million tonnes in 2022 to a record 124 million tonne

21、s in 2023.Since 2000,when production was 58 million tonnes,global fiber production has more than doubled and it is expected to grow to 160 million tonnes in 2030 if business as usual continues.While the industry has made commitments to align with the 1.5C pathway,trends we are seeing-such as the ind

22、ustrys reliance on virgin fossil-based synthetic materials and the limitations of textile-to-textile recycling-threaten to undermine the industrys commitments to its climate goals.The combined share of all recycled fibers slightly decreased in 2023,from around 7.9%to 7.7%,mainly due to an increase i

23、n the production of fossil-based polyester,which had lower prices than recycled polyester.Fossil-based synthetics production increased from 67 million tonnes in 2022 to 75 million tonnes in 2023.Meanwhile,less than 1%of the global fiber market came from pre-and post-consumer recycled textiles.Cotton

24、 Global cotton fiber production decreased slightly between 2021/22 and 2022/23,from 25.1 to 24.4 million tonnes.After polyester,cotton is the second most widely produced fiber,accounting for 20%of global fiber production.The cotton from programs that shared data for this report accounted for an esti

25、mated 28%1 of total cotton production in 2022/23.The market share has fluctuated over the years due to factors such as weather variations,program changes,market conditions,and socio-political challenges.Better Cotton,including its equivalents Responsible Brazilian Cotton(ABR),Agro-2,Cotton made in A

26、frica(CmiA),Israel Cotton Production Standard System(ICPSS),and myBMP(Best Management Practices)accounted for 22%of all cotton in 2022/23,and thus made up the majority of the 28%1 of cotton covered by the programs featured in this report.Better Cotton without its equivalents accounted for around 8%,

27、ABR for around 11%,CmiA for around 2%,MyBMP for around 2%,Agro-2 for 0.4%and ICPSS for 0.1%of all cotton in 2022/23.All other featured cotton programs(including Climate Beneficial,e3 Sustainable Cotton,Fairtrade,ISCC,organic,REEL Cotton Code,REEL Regenerative Cotton Code,Regenerative Organic Certifi

28、ed(ROC),and the uSCTP)had a combined market share of around 6%1 of all cotton in 2022/23.Polyester Polyester fiber production increased from 63 million tonnes in 2022 to 71 million tonnes in 2023,accounting for 57%of global fiber production,meaning that polyester continues to be the most widely prod

29、uced fiber.Globally,recycled polyester fiber production increased from around 8.6 million tonnes in 2022 to around 8.9 million tonnes in 2023.However,due to the increase in virgin polyester production,there was a decrease in the overall market share of recycled polyester from around 13.6%of global p

30、olyester production in 2022 to around 12.5%in 2023.Systems for polyester textile-to-textile recycling are in development but are only estimated to account for around 2%of all recycled polyester.The interest in,and use of,ocean or ocean-bound plastic is increasing,but overall market shares remain ver

31、y low and make up less than 0.01%of all recycled polyester.Recycled polyester is still primarily made from plastic bottles(98%).The market share of biobased polyester fiber remained very low at around 0.01%of the polyester fiber market mainly due to issues around price,availability,and questions abo

32、ut the sustainability of currently available biobased polyester.New innovations are also mentioned in the report,such as fibers made from captured CO2.Polyamide(Nylon)Polyamide(nylon),which is the second most used synthetic fiber,made up 5%of the global fiber market in 2023,with 6.7 million tonnes p

33、roduced globally.Due to technical recycling challenges and comparatively lower prices for new virgin fossil-based polyamide,recycled polyamide only makes up 2%of the total polyamide market share.Most recycled polyamide is made from pre-consumer waste or materials such as discarded fishing nets and c

34、arpets,but there is also a lot of potential for post-consumer textiles to be used as feedstock.The market share of biobased polyamide fibers in 2023 remained low,at around 0.5%of the global polyamide fiber market.Similar to the reasons for the low uptake of biobased polyester,price,availability,and

35、questions about the sustainability of biobased polyamide dampened growth in the market.Executive summary1 Revised January 2025.See methodology for further information.5MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSINTRODuCTION Manmade Cellulosic FibersProduction of manmade cellulosic fibers(MMCFs)including vi

36、scose(rayon),lyocell,modal,acetate,and cupro increased from 7.4 million tonnes in 2022 to 7.9 million tonnes in 2023,with MMCFs accounting for 6%of the global fiber market.MMCFs covered by FSC and/or PEFC had an estimated market share of about 6065%of all MMCFs in 2023.The market share of MMCFs made

37、 from recycled feedstocks increased from an estimated 0.5%in 2022 to 0.7%in 2023.These volumes are expected to increase in the coming years thanks to ongoing research and development.With organizations such as bluesign and Zero Discharge of Hazardous Chemicals(ZDHC)introducing standards at the pulp

38、and fiber level,change is also likely at these stages of the supply chain.Wool Global sheep wool production remained relatively unchanged,at around 1 million tonnes of clean wool fiber in 2023,accounting for 0.9%of the global fiber market.The market share of wool produced according to the Responsibl

39、e Wool Standard(RWS),ZQ,SustainaWOOL(GREEN and GOLD),Sustainable Cape Wool Standard(SCWS),and Climate Beneficial increased from around 4.2%in 2022 to 4.8%in 2023.In some apparel wool-producing countries/areas,RWS-certified wool had considerable market shares in 2023.Most significantly,in terms of bo

40、th volume and market share,43%of all wool produced in South Africa was RWS-certified.Recycled wool continued to account for around 6%of the global total wool market in 2023.MohairApproximately 4,570 tonnes of greasy mohair fiber were produced globally in 2023.47%of all mohair produced in 2023 aligne

41、d with the Responsible Mohair Standard(RMS),which launched in March 2020 and covers both animal welfare and responsible land use criteria.RMS increased its market share to 84%of total mohair production in South Africa and 55%of total mohair production in Australia in 2023.AlpacaGlobal alpaca fiber p

42、roduction was around 6,200 tonnes in 2023.The market share of the Responsible Alpaca Standard(RAS)reached 7%in 2023,up from 3%in 2022.CashmereGlobal cashmere production totaled around 25,611 tonnes of greasy fibers in 2023.The market share of the cashmere programsAVFS,Good Cashmere Standard,Responsi

43、ble Nomads,and Sustainable Fibre Alliance(SFA)Cashmere Standard combined increased to 47%of all cashmere produced worldwide in 2023,up from 35%in 2022.Other fibersOther fibersfrom hemp to elastaneare starting to gain traction in the industry.Beyond the fibers already mentioned,this report also cover

44、s other plant-based fibers(jute,coir,flax,hemp,sisal,abaca,kapok,ramie,and agave fibers),other animal fibers(angora rabbit,camel,guanaco,llama,vicuna,and yak hair)and other synthetic fibers(polypropylene,acrylics,and elastane).Executive summaryPhoto:Carl van der Linde6MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CON

45、TENTSOther raw materials LeatherLeather,measured in terms of fresh hides of cattle,sheep,goats,and buffalo,had a global production volume of around 13.4 million tonnes in 2022(the latest year for which data are available).Cattle hides were the most used type of hide with an estimated 9.4 million ton

46、nes produced,followed by sheep hides at 2.0 million tonnes,goat hides at 1.3 million tonnes and buffalo hides at 0.7 million tonnes.For leather,most standards cover the processing stage.While multiple standards cover animal welfare for meat production,only a few small supply chains currently manage

47、to maintain traceability of the hides of certified animals through to finished leather goods.Down Global down production was estimated at around 0.63 million tonnes in 2023,up from 0.60 million tonnes in 2022.The market share of the Responsible Down Standard(RDS)slightly increased to 3.3%of the tota

48、l down market in 2023.Downpass had a market share of around 1.2%in 2021 but,due to the war in ukraine,which is a significant producer,data for 2022 and 2023 are not available.RDS and Downpass are primarily animal welfare standards.RubberGlobal natural rubber production totaled around 15 million tonn

49、es in 2023.The market share of rubber forest covered by the Forest Stewardship Council(FSC)and Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification(PEFC)increased slightly in 2023,from around 2.9%to 3.0%Sites certified to Textile Exchange standardsThe number of sites certified to Textile Exchanges

50、portfolio of standards significantly increased in 2023,from 60,321 to 75,173.This includes sites certified to the Global Recycled Standard(GRS),Organic Content Standard(OCS),Recycled Claim Standard(RCS),Content Claim Standard(CCS),Responsible Down Standard(RDS),Responsible Wool Standard(RWS),Respons

51、ible Alpaca Standard(RAS),and Responsible Mohair Standard(RMS).INTRODuCTIONExecutive summaryPhoto:DaniloArenas7MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024The Global Fiber Market8MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSTHE GLOBAL FIBER MARKETGlobal fiber market trendsGlobal fiber production increased to a record 124 mi

52、llion tonnes in 2023,up from 116 million tonnes in 2022.1 Since 2000,when production was 58 million tonnes,global fiber production has more than doubled and is expected to grow to 160 million tonnes in 2030 if business continues as usual.Polyester has contributed most significantly to this growth,re

53、placing cotton as the most widely used fiber in the world since the mid to late 2000s.Global fiber production per person has also increased significantly,growing from 8.3 kilograms per person in 1975 to 15.5 kilograms per person in 2023.2 This figure is expected to rise to 18.8 kilograms per person

54、by 2030 if business continues as usual.Source:Textile Exchange based on data from CIRFS,FAO,ICAC,IVC,IWTO,Maia Research,and its own modelingSource:Textile Exchange based on UN data and global data compilationGlobal fiber production(million tonnes)1Global fiber production(kilograms per person)21 Text

55、ile Exchange compilation based on data from ICAC,FAO,IWTO,Mohair South Africa,CIRFS,IVC,Maia Research,and its own modeling.Volumes of certain minority fibers such as PTT,carbon,aramid,PLA,PBS,and PEF are not included.Cotton production volumes are collected in accordance with the harvest year used by

56、 ICAC,which runs from August 1 to July 31,with volumes allocated to the later year(for example,2022/23 cotton production volumes are allocated to the 2023 calendar year)with the exception of Brazil,for which harvest year data is allocated to the earlier calendar year(i.e.2023/24 data is allocated to

57、 2023)as per the methodology of ICAC and USDA,updated in 2023.MMCF and synthetic fiber volumes include staple fiber and filament.Please note that the percent market shares may differ from other sources due to 1)our overview including other plant fibers,other wool,and silkall of which are often exclu

58、ded from global statisticsand 2)different cotton year allocations.In general,all global figures are estimates.2 Textile Exchange based on UN Population Division,2022.World Population Prospects 2022.And volume data as specified in footnote(1).1975198019851990199520002005201020152020202520308.38.610.2

59、9.08.89.511.111.313.314.016.518.81975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030343849475058727998109135160SilkAnimal,otherWoolPlant-based,otherCottonMMCFSynthetics,otherPolyamide(nylon)Polyester9MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSTHE GLOBAL FIBER MARKETSynthetic fibers Synthetic fibers

60、 have dominated the fiber market since the mid-1990s.At around 84 million tonnes,this fiber category made up approximately 67%of global fiber production in 2023.Polyester alone had a market share of around 57%of global fiber production in 2023,with approximately 71 million tonnes produced.Polyamide(

61、nylon),the second-most used synthetic fiber,accounted for 6.7 million tonnes and approximately 5%of the global fiber market in 2023.Other synthetics polypropylene,acrylics,and elastanehad a combined market share of 5%in 2023,with a total production volume of 6.1 million tonnes.Plant fibersPlant fibe

62、rs had a market share of around 25%of the global fiber market in 2023,with a combined production volume of 31.4 million tonnes.Cotton is the second-most important fiber globally in terms of volume.At about 24.7 million tonnes,it had a market share of approximately 20%of global fiber production in 20

63、23.Other(non-cotton)plant-based fibers(including hemp,flax,jute,coir,other bast fibers,sisal,manila,kapok,agave,and ramie)had a combined market share of about 5%,with 6.7 million tonnes produced in 2023.At around 0.4 million tonnes,flax had a market share of around 0.3%of global fiber production in

64、2023 while hemp,with 0.2 million tonnes produced,had a market share of around 0.2%.Manmade cellulosic fibersManmade cellulosic fibers(MMCFs)had a market share of around 6%in 2023,with a global production volume of around 7.9 million tonnes.Viscose(rayon)accounted for the majority of this at 6.3 mill

65、ion tonnes,accounting for around 5%of global fiber production.Other MMCFs(including acetate,lyocell,modal and cupro)had a combined market share of 1.3%.Animal fibersAnimal fibers had a combined market share of 1.0%in 2023.Wool made up the majority of this,with global clean wool production totaling a

66、round 1 million tonnes and accounting for 0.9%of global fiber production.Other animal fibers(beyond wool)had a market share of 0.1%,with silk making up the majority of this at 0.07%.The global fiber market 2023Source:Textile Exchange based on data from CIRFS,FAO,ICAC,IVC,IWTO,Maia Research,and its o

67、wn modeling.Note:This chart includes recycled fibers.Other animal fibers included here are alpaca,angora,camel,cashmere,guanaco,llama,mohair,vicuna,and yak.Other plant fibers included here are jute,coir,sisal,abaca,ramie,kenaf,kapok,and agave.Leather,down,and rubber are not included as they are cons

68、idered non-fiber raw materials for the purpose of this report.Polyester:71.1(57.2%)Other:6.7(5.4%)Cotton:24.7(19.9%)Viscose:6.3(5.0%)Other:6.1(4.9%)Polyamide(Nylon):6.7(5.3%)Silk:0.09(0.1%)Wool(sheep):1.1(0.9%)Other fibers:0.05(0.04%)Other:0.13(0.1%)Animal fibers:1.3(1%)Synthetic fibers:83.8(67%)Pla

69、nt fibers:31.4(25%)Manmade cellulosic fibers:7.9(6%)Acetate:1.0(0.8%)Other:1.6(1.3%)Lyocell:0.4(0.3%)Modal:0.2(0.2%)Cupro:0.01(0.01%)Elastane:1.4(1.1%)Polypropylene:3.1(2.5%)Acrylics:1.6(1.3%)Global fiber production in 2023 (in million tonnes and%of global fiber production)57+5+5+5+1+20+5+1+1+F124 m

70、illion tonnesFlax:0.4(0.3%)Hemp:0.2(0.2%)Other fibers:6.1(4.9%)10MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSTHE GLOBAL FIBER MARKETThe global fiber market 2023:Program overview 1 This graph aims to inform the industry about global total fiber production volumes and the shares covered by different programs.

71、2 Conventional/unknown includes volumes of programs for which data is not accessible or available.3 Other synthetic fibers include polypropylene(PP),acrylics(AC),and elastane(EL).4 Renewable listed programs include here all the programs listed in this chart apart from the recycled fibers.5 Other ani

72、mal fibers include here angora,camel,guanaco,llama,vicuna,yak,and silk.6 Fossil-based is calculated as the synthetics total excluding recycled and biobased synthetics.7 Renewable conventional/unknown is calculated as the global fiber total excluding fossil-based,the renewable listed programs,recycle

73、d bottles and recycled pre-or post-consumer textiles and other non-bottle feedstock.8 Revised January 2025.See methodology for further information.Cotton(20%)Global Fibers1Plant Fibers(25%)Manmade Cellulosics(6%)Animal Fibers(1%)Synthetic Fibers(67%)Other plant fibers(5%)Polyester(57%)Viscose/Acetat

74、e/Lyocell/Modal/Cupro(6%)Cashmere(0.02%)Alpaca(0.005%)Mohair(0.004%)Wool(0.9%)Other animal fibers(0.01%)5Polyamide(Nylon)(5%)Other synthetic fibers(5%)3 88%Fossil PET2 12%Recycled PET 0.01%Biobased PET 35-40%Conventional/unknown2 60-65%FSC/PEFC MMCFs 0.7%Recycled MMCFs 97%Fossil PA2 2%Recycled PA 0.

75、5%Biobased PA 60%Fossil-based6,8 23%Renewable conventional/unknown2,7,8 10%Renewable listed programs4,8 7%Recycled bottles 1%Recycled pre-or post-consumer textiles and other non-bottle feedstock 89%Conventional/unknown2 4%Climate Beneficial,RWS,SCWS,SustainaWOOL GREEN+GOLD,ZQ 6%Recycled wool 53%Conv

76、entional/unknown2 21%GCS 25%SFA 0.1%RN 0.3%AVSF 93%Conventional/unknown2 7%RAS 53%Conventional/unknown2 47%RMS 99%Fossil PP/AC/EL3 1%Recycled PP/AC/EL3124 million tonnes Global fiber production(in 2023)71%Conventional/unknown2,8 28%ABR,Agro-2,Better Cotton,Climate Beneficial,CmiA,e3 Sustainable Cott

77、on,Fairtrade,ISCC,ICPSS,organic,myBMP,REEL,Regenevate,ROC,uSCTP.1%Recycled cotton11MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSTHE GLOBAL FIBER MARKETSource:Textile Exchange based on Maia Research and global data compilationSource:Textile Exchange based on data from CIRFS,FAO,ICAC,IVC,IWTO,Maia Research,and

78、 its own modelingThe global recycled fiber marketAfter years of growth,the market share of recycled fibers decreased from 7.9%in 2022 to 7.7%in 2023.7.0%of all fibers produced were recycled polyester made from plastic bottles.Overall,less than 1%of the global fiber market was from pre-and post-consu

79、mer recycled textiles in 2023.Virgin fiber production volumes increased from 107 million tonnes in 2022 to 115 million tonnes in 2023,primarily driven by the increase in new virgin fossil-based fibers from 67 million tonnes in 2022 to 75 million tonnes in 2023.Polyester continued to have the highest

80、 proportion of recycled fibers in 2023,at around 12.5%.Although this represents a decline from 2022,when the market share of recycled polyester was around 13.6%,absolute recycled polyester production volumes increased slightly.Around 98%of recycled polyester came from PET bottles in 2023.It is estim

81、ated that recycled elastane made up around 3%of total elastane production in 2023,while recycled polyamide(nylon)made up around 2%,recycled acrylic around 0.6%,and recycled polypropylene around 0.3%of their respective fiber volumes.Wool had the second-highest recycled fiber share in 2023,at about 6%

82、,while the market share for recycled cotton was estimated to be roughly 1%of total cotton production.The market share of recycled MMCFs is expected to increase in future years but accounted for only around 0.7%of all MMCFs in 2023.Recycling fibers from blended textilesThe proliferation of textiles m

83、ade from fiber blendssuch as cotton and polyester or elastaneposes significant challenges when it comes to recycling post-consumer textile waste.This is due to the labor-intensive separation process of the different fiber types and different conditions required for chemical and mechanical recycling.

84、Chemical recycling technologies can help overcome complications associated with mechanical recycling of textiles and there are some innovative startups working on solutions to make high-value fiber blend recycling possible.Global fiber production(million tonnes and%recycled)2019202020212022202311010

85、91121161247.8%7.7%8.5%8.1%7.9%Global fiber production(million tonnes)and%recycled201920202021202220231101091121161247.8%7.7%8.5%8.1%7.9%RecycledVirginRecycled%1+99+F1%6+94+F6%12+88+F12%1+99+F0.7%2+98+F2%Recycled polyester Market share of recycled within each fiber category in 2023Recycled cottonRecy

86、cled woolRecycled polyamide(nylon)Recycled MMCF3+97+F3%Recycled elastane1+99+F0.3%Recycled polypropylene1+99+F0.6%Recycled acrylicPlant Fibers&Materials:12MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CottonThe Global Fiber Market13MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSPLANT FIBERS:COTTONGlobally,the production of virg

87、in cotton fiber decreased from 25.1 to 24.4 million tonnes between 2021/22 and 2022/23.The market share of virgin cotton covered by the programs that shared data for this report was estimated to be 28%in 2022/23,10 with a combined production volume of around 6.9 million tonnes.3,10Better Cotton,incl

88、uding its equivalents ABR,Agro-2,CmiA,ICPSS,and myBMP made up the majority of this 28%,10 accounting for around 22%of all cotton grown globally in 2022/23.Better Cotton without its equivalents accounted for around 8%,ABR for around 11%,CmiA for around 2%,myBMP for around 2%,Agro-2 for 0.4%and ICPSS

89、for 0.1%of all cotton in 2022/23.All other cotton programs,including Climate Beneficial,e3 Sustainable Cotton,Fairtrade,ISCC,organic,REEL Cotton Code,REEL Regenerative Cotton Code,Regenerative Organic Certified(ROC),and the uSCTP,had a combined market share of around 6%of all cotton in 2022/2310.Vir

90、gin cottonGlobal cotton production1 ICAC,2024.World Cotton Statistics.Downloaded on July 4,2024.2 The programs included for virgin cotton include Agro-2,Better Cotton,Cleaner Cotton(for historical data since discontinued in March 2020),Climate Beneficial,Cotton made in Africa(CmiA),e3 Sustainable Co

91、tton,Fairtrade,Israel Cotton Production Standard System(ICPSS),International Sustainability and Carbon Certification(ISCC),myBMP,organic,REEL Cotton,Regenerative Organic Certified(ROC),Regenevate,Responsible Brazilian Cotton(ABR),and the U.S.Cotton Trust Protocol(USCTP).The figures presented here ar

92、e specific for virgin cotton and do not include recycled cotton.Please see the chapter Recycled Cotton for more information on recycled cotton.3 Textile Exchange based on source(1)and cotton program data received by email.Overlaps of programs excluded.4 Better Cotton,including equivalents,as reporte

93、d by Better Cotton.It slightly differs from the aggregate of the data provided by the individual programs because minor parts of their volumes are not accounted as Better Cotton equivalent and due to somewhat differing data collection and reporting methodology.5 The equivalency agreement between Cmi

94、A and the Better Cotton Standard System(BCSS)ceased at the end of 2022,but cotton produced in the 2022/23 season was still covered by the agreement.6 This includes organic cotton certified to Regenerative Organic Certification(ROC),and supplier-specific programs such as bioRe.7 Please see source inf

95、ormation and footnotes on the organic cotton pages for more information.8 This figure includes some cotton fiber that is licensed to both CmiA and Better Cotton(as two separate licenses rather than via an equivalency agreement)9 The term certified includes various programs with different verificatio

96、n and chain of custody models.10 Revised January 2025.See methodology for further information.Source:Textile Exchange based on ICAC and cotton program owners.Note:This chart only includes virgin cotton and not recycled cotton.Global cotton fiber production(thousand tonnes)and share of programs(%)Sou

97、rce:Textile Exchange based on ICAC and cotton program ownersGlobal cotton fiber production(thousand tonnes)and share covered by the programs(%)2014/152015/162016/172017/182018/192019/202020/212021/222022/2326,43821,91923,13726,52325,20926,00424,61325,05624,3868%28%29%27%24%21%16%24%12%Virgin,certifi

98、edConventional/unknownVirgin,certified%28%Select Year2022/23Source:Textile Exchange based on ICAC and cotton program ownersGlobal cotton fiber production(thousand tonnes and percent)Virgin,certified 6,91017,476Conventional/unknownVirgin cottonSource:Textile Exchange based on ICAC and cotton program

99、ownersGlobal cotton fiber production(thousand tonnes)and share covered by the programs(%)2014/152015/162016/172017/182018/192019/202020/212021/222022/2326,43821,91923,13726,52325,20926,00424,61325,05624,3868%28%29%27%24%21%16%24%12%Virgin,certifiedConventional/unknownVirgin,certified%Global cotton f

100、iber production by program in 2022/23(thousand tonnes)and market share of total cotton(%)Total cotton:24.4 million tonnes Covered by the programs below:6.9 million tonnes(28%)10 CmiA(w/o eq.)is not included in the Better Cotton total.Fairtrade organic cotton volumes are also included in the volumes

101、listed for India Organic Regulation and uSA/Eu Organic Regulation-grown outside the uSA/Eu but have not been double-counted in aggregated totals.REEL 221(0.9%)3381.4%uSCTP0.40.1%Climate BeneficialTMREEL Cotton2190.9%REEL Regenerative Cotton1.80.1%Better Cotton 5,466(22%)4CmiA 508(2.1%)ICPSS170.1%Bet

102、ter Cotton(w/o eq.)1,8857.7%MyBMP3811.6%ABR2,63610.8%CmiA(Better Cotton eq.)5,84341.8%CmiA Organic80.1%CmiA(w/o eq.)660.3%1010.4%Agro-2e3 Sustainable Cotton2581.1%30.1%ISCCOrganic 560(2.3%)7,10Fairtrade 20(0.1%)India Organic Regulation*271101.1%10Fairtrade70.1%Fairtrade Organic130.1%Argentina Organi

103、c Regulation*0.00020.1%Brazil Organic Regulation*0.10.1%Eu Organic Regulation-Spain,Italy,Greece*2.10.01%China Organic Regulation*41.50.2%Israel Organic Regulation*0.30.1%Peru Organic Regulation*1.30.1%Turkey Organic Regulation*5.80.1%uSA Organic Regulation-uSA*9.70.1%uSA/Eu Organic Regulation-grown

104、 outside the uSA/Eu*2290.9%4 1 million tTotal cotton 300,000 tTotal cotton 100,000 tTotal cotton 100,000t)with no cotton covered by the programs are:Mexico,Turkmenistan,Myanmar.40+40+6060PAKISTANTotal:835,520 t Better Cotton:37%2 REEL:2%REEL Regenerative:0.1%USA/EU Organic Reg.:2%10 Fairtrade:undisc

105、losed3 Conventional:60%40%Australia and New ZealandAUSTRALIATotal:1,252,000 t MyBMP:30%Conventional:70%30%30+30+7070100100101.3%5ISRAELTotal:17,380 t ICPSS:99.6%Israel Organic Regulation:1.8%6 Conventional:none21%2121TURKEYTotal:886,600 t Turkey Organic Regulation:0.7%6 USA/EU Organic Reg.:9%10 Bett

106、er Cotton:12%2 Regenevate:0.2%Conventional:79%ITALYTotal:0 t5 EU Organic Regulation:100%Conventional:none100%100+100+00AZERBAIJAN Total:68,130 t USA/EU Organic Reg.:14%10 Conventional:86%14%14+14+8686ARGENTINATotal:250,000 t Argentina Organic Regulation:0.0001%Conventional:99.9999%0.0001%1+1+999922M

107、ATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSPLANT FIBERS:COTTONVirgin cottonWhere to find cotton programs across the globe1Northern AfricaEGYPTTotal:90,000 t Better Cotton:3%2 REEL:0.1%USA/EU Organic Reg.:0.3%9,10 Conventional:97%Sub-Saharan AfricaBENINTotal:264,640 t CmiA:11%*USA/EU Organic Reg.:0.5%*,10 Co

108、nventional:89%*incl.CmiA OrganicCAMEROONTotal:140,520 t CmiA:91%Conventional:9%BURKINA FASOTotal:185,400 t CmiA:86%USA/EU Organic Reg.:0.4%10 Fairtrade:undisclosed3 Conventional:14%Total cotton 1 million tTotal cotton 300,000 tTotal cotton 100,000 tTotal cotton 100,000t)with no cotton covered by the

109、 programs are:Mexico,Turkmenistan,Myanmar.Legend:111%886%91%3%MOZAMBIQUETotal:22,920 t CmiA:16%11 Better Cotton:17%2 Conventional:67%33%33+33+6767NIGERIATotal:93,440 t CmiA:1%Conventional:99%1%1+1+99993+3+9797CHADTotal:45,790 t CmiA:90%Conventional:10%90%90+90+1010UGANDATotal:44,560 t USA/EU Organic

110、 Reg.:24%10 CmiA:11%Fairtrade:undisclosed3 Conventional:65%35%35+35+6565ETHIOPIATotal:62,630 t USA/EU Organic Reg.:0.03%10 Conventional:99.7%0.03%1+1+9999ZAMBIATotal:26,830 t CmiA:50%USA/EU Organic Reg.:0.7%10 Conventional:50%50%50+50+5050SOUTH AFRICATotal:14,310 t Better Cotton:11%2 Conventional:89

111、%11%11+11+8989SENEGALTotal:5,900 t Fairtrade:undisclosed3 USA/EU Organic Reg.:0.3%10 Conventional:n/an/a0+0+10010086+86+141491+91+99TANZANIATotal:141,320 t CmiA:7%*ISCC:0.1%USA/EU Organic Reg.:16%*,10 Conventional:82%*incl.CmiA Organic18%818+18+828262+62+3838COTE DIVOIRETotal:106,280 t CmiA:94%USA/E

112、U Organic Reg.:0.0002%10 Conventional:6%94%94+94+66 Cotton programs(%)Conventional cotton(%)MALITotal:175,500 t Better Cotton:62%2 USA/EU Organic Reg.:0.03%10 Conventional:38%62%93+93+7793%TOGOTotal:20,910 t CmiA:93%Conventional:7%SUDANTotal:132,630 t USA/EU Organic Reg.:6%10 Conventional:94%6%6+6+9

113、49411+11+89891 Cotton program-specific data were collected from the programs and are reported in this map as share(%)of the countrys total global cotton production volume in 2022/23.Total cotton production data is from ICAC(ICAC,2024.World Cotton Statistics.Downloaded July 4,2024.).Conventional cott

114、on volumes are calculated by Textile Exchange.Volumes are reported in metric tonnes(t).Recycled cotton is not included in this map.2 Better Cotton refers here to Better Cotton excluding equivalents.Better Cotton equivalents are listed separately.In the case of Mozambique,Better Cotton volumes that a

115、re also certified to CmiA are included under CmiA and excluded from Better Cottons total for Mozambique.3 Fairtrade data are not disclosed for on a per-country level due to confidentiality reasons.The volume for all programs in this country does not include Fairtrade cotton and is thus actually slig

116、htly higher.9 Includes Demeter-certified cotton.10 USA/EU Organic Reg.refers to cotton certified to the USA Organic Regulation and/or the EU Organic Regulation grown outside of the USA/EU,respectively.It excludes cotton that is also certified to a national standard as this is listed separately.11 Cm

117、iA-certified production in Mozambique is also certified to Better Cotton(not under an equivalency agreement but under two separate licenses).23MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSPLANT FIBERS:COTTONSource:Textile Exchange based on ICAC and other sourcesSource:Textile Exchange based on ICAC and Maia

118、ResearchRecycled cotton had an estimated production volume of 319,000 tonnes in 2023(compared to 24.4 million tonnes of virgin cotton),giving it a market share of approximately 1%of total cotton production.This share is expected to grow significantly in the coming years.An analysis by the Circular F

119、ashion Partnership,a cross-sectoral initiative to support the development of effective circular fashion systems,revealed in its Scaling Circularity Report the significant value of utilizing textile waste more efficiently.It highlighted research by Reverse Resources that found that Bangladesh alone p

120、roduces approximately 330,000 tonnes of 100%pure pre-consumer cotton waste in its ready-made garment(RMG)and fabric mills per year,out of which only 5-7%are currently recycled.Please note that the data presented here refers to mechanically recycled cotton.Chemically recycled cotton is covered in the

121、 chapter on manmade cellulosic fibers since the result is a“manmade cellulosic”fiber,not“cotton.”Key standardsTextile Exchanges Global Recycled Standard(GRS)and Recycled Claim Standard(RCS)are key third-party standards used for recycled cotton.Read more on the page about supply chain standards.Recyc

122、led cottonMarket overview1 Calculated by Textile Exchange based the following sources:i.ICAC,2024.World Cotton Statistics.Downloaded July 4,2024.Link.Note:For the virgin cotton production volume in 2023,the ICAC harvest year data from the 2022/23 season are applied.ii.Maia Research,2024.Global Recyc

123、led Cotton Market 2023 (commissioned report).2 McKinsey&Company and Global Fashion Agenda,2021.Scaling Circularity Report.Global market share of cotton in 2023(million tonnes)Recycled cottons market share of global cotton production in 2023(thousand tonnes)24thousand tonnesVirgin(total)24,387(99%)Re

124、cycled(total)319(1%)Other fibers 99(80%)Cotton 24(20%)124million tonnesPlant Fibers&Materials:24MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024Other Plant-based FibersThe Global Fiber Market25MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSPLANT FIBERS:OTHER PLANT-BASED FIBERS Source:Textile Exchange based on FAOSTAT and The Alli

125、ance for European Flax-Linen&Hemp data.Source:Textile Exchange based on Alliance for European Flax-Linen&Hemp and FAOSTAT.Other plant-based fibersGlobal overviewBesides cotton,there is a diversity of other plant-based fibers such as jute,coir,flax,hemp,sisal,abaca,kapok,ramie,and agave.1 It is estim

126、ated that more than eight million households are involved in the production of these natural,plant-based fibers.With a global production volume of around 6.7 million tonnes,these other(non-cotton)plant-based fibers had a combined market share of approximately 5%of global fiber production in 2023.Jut

127、e had the largest market share of all non-cotton,plant-based fibers in 2023,accounting for around 52%.Similar to hemp,flax,and ramie,jute is a bast fiber derived from the strands surrounding the“hurd,”or woody core,of the stem.It is used to make twine,rope,matting,packaging material,and home textile

128、s such as curtains and carpets.Coir had the second-largest market share,accounting for approximately 29%of all non-cotton,plant-based fibers produced in 2023.Coir is the fiber extracted from the husks of coconuts and is used to produce home textiles such as floor mats,doormats,brushes,and mattresses

129、.Flax fiber production data is not easily accessible at the global level,but it is estimated that around 0.4 million tonnes were produced worldwide in 2023,including short and long staple fibers.This means that flax accounted for around 6%of the non-cotton,plant-based fiber market and 0.3%of the glo

130、bal fiber market in 2023.Processed flax,also called linen,is used for various products including home textiles and apparel.Around 64%of the flax used for fiber in 2023 was grown in Europe,with France being the largest producer.European flax is cultivated in a broad coastal band stretching from north

131、ern France through Belgium and the Netherlands.Other key flax fiber-producing countries are Belarus,Russia,ukraine,and China.1 For FAOs fiber definitions,use the FAOSTAT query tool(select Definitions and standards then Item and type the fiber name).2 DNFI,2020.Press release“40 Million Households Pro

132、duce Natural Fibres”published on 20 April 2020.3 Textile Exchange based on FAOSTAT,Alliance for European Flax-Linen&Hemp,and total global production volumes compiled by Textile Exchange(see Global Fiber Market).4 Textile Exchange based on FAOSTAT.2022 figures,the latest available data,are used as a

133、proxy for 2023.Please note that the data quality of these other plant-based fibers is limited.Data adjustments are regularly made also for historical data and data gaps exist for some countries.5 Textile Exchange flax data and information are based on Alliance for European Flax-Linen&Hemp.Email corr

134、espondence,March-April 2024.2022 figures,the latest available data,are used as a proxy for 2023.51+28+6+4+3+3+2+1+1+1+F Jute Coir Flax(linen)Hemp Bast,other Sisal Manila(abaca)Kapok Agave Ramieare estimated to be involved in the production of natural plant-based fibers such as jute,coir,flax and hem

135、p.28+million households6.7 million tonnesGlobal other plant-based fiber production in 20233Global other plant-based fiber production(million tonnes)Ramie Agave Kapok Manila(abaca)Sisal Bast,other Hemp Flax(linen)Coir JuteSource:Textile Exchange based on Alliance for European Flax-LInen&Hemp and FAOS

136、TATGlobal other plant-based fiber production(million tonnes)201920202021202220236.46.76.76.86.73.53.73.53.53.51.51.71.81.91.90.40.40.40.40.40.20.20.30.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.226MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSPLANT FIBERS:OTHER PLANT-BASED FIBERS European Flax is the Alliance for European Flax-Lin

137、en and Hemps traceability standard for flax fiber grown in Europe.The revised European Flax Standard Version 3.0 was released on July 18,2023,and took effect February 17,2024.MASTERS OF LINEN is the Alliances registered trademark indicating linen that is 100%made in Europe,from field to fabric.Organ

138、ic flax grown according to one of the IFOAM Family of Standards is produced at a very small scale.CottonConnect is piloting the REEL Linen Code,which builds on the REEL Cotton Code.The REEL Linen Code of Conduct consists of two parts:farming and processing(scutching and spinning).It outlines practic

139、es in management,social,and environmental areas.Hemp fiber production data is not easily accessible at a global level.With an estimated 0.2 million tonnes of fiber hemp grown worldwide in 2023,hemp accounts for around 4%of the non-cotton,plant-based fiber market,or around 0.2%of the global fiber mar

140、ket.A bast fiber,hemp is used in various industries including home textiles and apparel.Hemp production is not yet legal worldwide,but governments are increasingly authorizing farmers to grow the crop.According to data from the Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database(FAOSTAT

141、),20 countries grew fiber hemp in 2023:Australia,Austria,Chile,China,Czechia,Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea(North),France,Greece,Italy,Japan,Lithuania,Netherlands,Peoples Republic of Korea(South),Poland,Romania,Russian Federation,Spain,Turkey,ukraine,and united States.France accounted for almo

142、st half of global hemp fiber production in 2023,followed by China,Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea(North),Netherlands,Australia and the united States.The Responsible Hemp Standard-Textiles(RHS-Textiles)is a farm-level certification program developed by Colorado-based INCCert,which focuses on the

143、 production of industrial hemp fiber for the textiles market.For more information about hemp fiber,please read Textile Exchanges 2023 report“Growing Hemp for the Future.”Research into hemp and jute as feedstock for composite materials and manmade cellulosic fibers is currently underway.See the Manma

144、de Cellulosic Fibers chapter for more information.Nettle,kapok,lotus,and other plant-based fibers are also receiving increasing interest from the apparel and textiles industry,as well as fibers from agricultural residues such as rice straw,pineapple leaves,banana tree trunks,and sugar cane bark.If t

145、hese plants are dissolved into pulp,they are listed in the chapter on Manmade Cellulosic Fibers.If polymerization is used to process them,they are listed as Biosynthetics.Photo:Cecilie Nicoline Rasmussen1 Textile Exchange flax data and information are based on Alliance for European Flax-Linen&Hemp.E

146、mail correspondence,March-April 2024.2023 data were not available at the time of reporting and therefore 2022 data are used as a proxy.2 Textile Exchange based on FAOSTAT and total global production volumes compiled by Textile Exchange(see Global Fiber Market).2023 data were not available at the tim

147、e of reporting and therefore 2022 data are used as a proxy.Other plant-based fibersGlobal overviewAnimal Fibers&Materials:27MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024WoolThe Global Fiber Market28MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSANIMAL FIBERS:WOOL&OTHER ANIMAL FIBERSWith an annual production volume of approxima

148、tely 1 million tonnes of clean wool fiber(or 1.98 million tonnes of greasy wool fiber),sheep wool is the most widely used animal-based fiber.While global wool production has been declining over the years,the market share of wool programs is increasing.The market share of wool produced according to t

149、he Responsible Wool Standard(RWS)or the wool programs Climate Beneficial,Sustainable Cape Wool Standard(SCWS),SustainaWOOL GREEN,SustainaWOOL GOLD,ZQ,and ZQRX increased from an estimated 82,685 tonnes(4.2%of total greasy wool production)in 2022 to 94,037 tonnes(4.8%)in 2023.The RWS(including equival

150、ents)accounted for approximately 85%of this 4.8%market share in 2023,equaling 4%of the global greasy wool market.Climate Beneficial accounted for 0.003%,SCWS farm audit for 0.2%(with a further 0.6%being certified under both RWS and the SCWS shearing module),ZQ(including equivalents)for 1%,and Sustai

151、naWOOL GREEN and SustainaWOOL GOLD together accounted for 0.5%.Due to the double certification of around 1.7%of global greasy wool production,around 4.8%(and not 6.4%)was certified according to these programs.Data on 2023 production were not available at the time of reporting for the following progr

152、ams covering sheep,which were developed for the food sector but from which wool might have been an output:Certified Humane,Land to Market,organic,Pasture for Life,Global Animal Partnership(G.A.P)Animal Welfare Certified,and A Greener World.Source:Textile Exchange based on IWTO and program ownersVirg

153、in sheep woolProduction facts and figures1 IWTO,2024.Market Information.Edition 19.2 Conventional/unknown includes the volumes of wool programs for which data were unavailable or inaccessible at the launch of the report.3 SustainaWOOL production volumes were not available for 2023 at the time of rep

154、orting and 2022 data have therefore been used as a proxy.Source:Textile Exchange based on IWTONote:This chart covers virgin clean wool and not recycled woolGlobal clean wool fiber production(million tonnes)Global wool programs greasy wool market share in 202322million tonnes1.88(95%)Virgin,certified

155、 0.09(5%)Conventional/unknownSource:Textile Exchange based on IWTOGlobal clean wool fiber production(million tonnes)2000200520102015202020231.341.221.101.131.021.06Source:Textile Exchange based on IWTO and program ownersZQ 21(1%)SustainaWOOL GREEN+GOLD 9(0.5%)RWS 80(4%)Total wool:1.98 million tonnes

156、 of greasy woolCovered by the programs below:94 thousand tonnes of greasy wool(5%)RWSRWS(ZQ+ZQRX)SustainaWOOL GOLDRWS(ZQ)SustainaWOOL GREEN6.90.4%0.90.05%13.70.7%80.4%Global greasy wool production by program in 2023 (thousand tonnes)and share of total greasy wool(%)0.070.003%Climate BeneficialTM482.

157、4%11.20.6%RWS+SCWS shearing module4.90.2%SCWS farm audit+shearing module SCWS shearing module 16.1(1%)Photo:Kin Chan Coedel29MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSANIMAL FIBERS:WOOL&OTHER ANIMAL FIBERSVirgin sheep woolProduction facts and figuresGreasy wool production certified under the Responsible W

158、ool Standard(RWS)increased from 71,083 tonnes(3.6%of global greasy wool production)in 2022 to 79,939 tonnes(4.0%)in 2023.To date,most RWS-certified wool is Merino wool.The release of the Communal Farmer Group Certification model has broadened access to certification,now including farmers with no or

159、limited land tenure,such as nomadic and semi-nomadic farmers.Further adaptations to this model are being piloted as part of the Materials Matter Standard development,aiming to improve accessibility for these farmers.The RWS has also seen strong adoption through the supply chain,particularly in key a

160、pparel wool-processing countries like Italy and China.With the release of the RWS 2.0,the supply chain certification for RWS,the Responsible Mohair Standard(RMS),and the Responsible Alpaca Standard(RAS)were integrated into a single scope under the Responsible Animal Fibers(RAF)certification.The prim

161、ary goal of the RWS(along with RMS and RAS)is to help farmers realize and achieve high standards of animal welfare,particularly for animals raised in extensive grazing systems.This is ensured through audited standards covering all aspects of the animal care,evaluating farm practices to ensure they m

162、eet high welfare criteria.By the end of 2023,approximately 22.6 million sheep were under RWS certification.In addition to animal welfare,the RWS also addresses land management.With the launch of RWS 2.0 in March 2020,Textile Exchange introduced new biodiversity requirements and a module focused on s

163、ocial welfare on farms.By the close of 2023,over 28 million hectares of land were certified under RWS.30MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSANIMAL FIBERS:WOOL&OTHER ANIMAL FIBERSClimate Beneficial202120222023919165ZQ+ZQRX20212022202313,84815,44313,716SustainaWOOL GREEN&GOLD2021202220237,3569,1469,14

164、66,9928,2308,230916916SustainaWOOL GREENSustainaWOOL GOLDResponsible Wool Standard(RWS)20212022202351,07871,08379,939Source:Textile Exchange based on program ownersGreasy wool production by program(tonnes)202220232,3654,88720212022202313,84815,44313,716SustainaWOOL GREEN&GOLD2021202220237,3569,1469,

165、1466,9928,2308,230916916SustainaWOOL GREENSustainaWOOL GOLDResponsible Wool Standard(RWS)20212022202351,07871,08379,939Source:Textile Exchange based on program ownersGreasy wool production by program(tonnes)Sustainable Cape Wool Standard(SCWS)202220232,3654,8872021202220237,3569,1469,1466,9928,2308,

166、230916916Responsible Wool Standard(RWS)20212022202351,07871,08379,939Source:Textile Exchange based on program ownersGreasy wool production by program(tonnes)Sustainable Cape Wool Standard(SCWS)202220232,3654,887SustainaWOOL GREEN&GOLD2021202220237,3569,1469,1466,9928,2308,230916916SustainaWOOL GREEN

167、SustainaWOOL GOLDResponsible Wool Standard(RWS)20212022202351,07871,08379,939Source:Textile Exchange based on program ownersGreasy wool production by program(tonnes)Sustainable Cape Wool Standard(SCWS)202220232,3654,88720212022202351,07871,08379,939Source:Textile Exchange based on program ownersGrea

168、sy wool production by program(tonnes)Sustainable Cape Wool Standard(SCWS)202220232,3654,887202120222023919165Virgin sheep woolProduction facts and figuresClimate Beneficial greasy wool production was around 65 tonnes in 2023,down from 91 tonnes in 2022.All Climate Beneficial wool was produced in the

169、 united States and,in 2023,involved around 17,900 sheep.Certified Humane wool was produced at small scale on two farms in the united States in 2023,but production data were not available at the time of reporting.Textiles made from this wool were not labeled Certified Humane as some parts of the supp

170、ly chain could not be audited.Pasture for Life(PfL)wool was produced from around 23,000 sheep in 2023,but production volumes were not available at the time of reporting.Sustainable Cape Wool Standard(SCWS),developed by Cape Wools SA,had a total of 4,887 tonnes of greasy wool certified under its farm

171、 audit in 2023,up from 2,365 tonnes in 2022.In addition,11,246 tonnes of RWS-certified greasy wool was certified under the SCWS shearing module.SustainaWOOL production volumes for 2023 were not available at the time of reporting and 2022 data have therefore been used as a proxy.SustainaWOOL GREEN gr

172、easy wool production volumes were 8,230 in 2022,while SustainaWOOL GOLD volumes were 916 tonnes.All SustainaWOOL is produced in Australia.ZQ-certified greasy wool(New Zealand Merino)production was around 20,663 tonnes in 2023,similar to 2022,and accounted for around 1%of global sheep wool production

173、.All ZQ wool produced in 2023 was also RWS-certified.ZQ wool is produced in New Zealand and Australia.Additional regenerative outcome measurement according to ZQRX was carried out for around 66%of all ZQ wool produced in 2023.Information on the market share of non-mulesed wool can be found on the No

174、n-Mulesed Wool Market page.Global greasy wool production by program(tonnes)1Climate BeneficialResponsible Wool StandardSustainaWOOL GREEN and GOLDZQ and ZQRXSustainable Cape Wool Standard1 Program data is based on information from program owners,received through email correspondence or from their we

175、bsites.The production volumes reported here include the total volume produced per program including equivalents and overlaps with other standards.31MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSANIMAL FIBERS:WOOL&OTHER ANIMAL FIBERS Virgin sheep woolWhere to find wool programs across the globe1 The percentage

176、 of RWS wool in South Africa is lower than previously stated due to updated IWTO data on South Africas total wool production,some farmers dropping out of certification owing to the low global price for wool and a reduction in premiums,and the discovery of some double counted volumes.For 2022(when th

177、eir system first started collecting RWS volumes for South Africa)and 2023,Textile Exchange is using Cape Wools SA data for RWS production in South Africa.Cape Wools SA is the official wool data collection body in South Africa and collects data on total wool production as well and for wool programs s

178、uch as SCWS,RWS,and Abelusi.2 A dispute exists between the Governments of Argentina and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland concerning sovereignty over the Falkland Islands(Malvinas).3 IWTO,2024.Market Information.Edition 19.4 Only wool producing countries with production accord

179、ing to the following programs are displayed:RWS,Climate Beneficial,SCWS,SustainaWOOL GREEN,SustainaWOOL GOLD,ZQ and ZQRX.Data were not available at the time of reporting for the following programs covering sheep that were developed for the food sector but from which wool might be an output:Certified

180、 Humane,Land to Market,organic,Pasture for Life,Global Animal Partnership(G.A.P)Animal Welfare Certified,and A Greener World.5 Market shares are given in percentages compared to overall wool production based on ITWO data as mentioned in(3).Total wool production figures per country are for greasy woo

181、l.6 SustainaWOOL production volumes were not available for 2023 at the time of reporting and 2022 data have therefore been used as a proxy.Source:Textile Exchange based on IWTONote:This chart covers virgin clean wool and not recycled woolGlobal clean wool production by country in 2023(tonnes)1,060,9

182、08tonnesOthers 474,561(45%)Australia 267,688(25%)China 149,521(14%)New Zealand 90,318(9%)South Africa 29,382(3%)1,060,908tonnesGlobal clean wool production by country in 2023(tonnes)Others 474,561(45%)Australia 267,688(25%)China 149,521(14%)New Zealand 90,318(9%)South Africa 29,382(3%)OthersAustrali

183、aChinaNew ZealandTurkeySouth AfricaIn some apparel wool-producing countries/areas,RWS-certified wool had considerable market shares in 2023.Most significantly in terms of both volume and market share,43%of all wool produced in South Africa was RWS-certified.This figure was 94%in the Falkland Islands

184、(Malvinas),34%in uruguay,25%in Argentina,15%in Chile,14%in New Zealand,and 6%in Australia.Climate Beneficial had a market share of 0.7%in the uS.ZQ(which is also RWS-certified)had a market share of 12.7%in New Zealand and 1.2%in Australia.SustainaWOOL had an estimated market share in Australia of 2%

185、for its GREEN program and 0.2%for its GOLD program.In South Africa,the SCWS farm audit had a market share of 10%.Market share of wool programs by country/area 3,4,5United StatesTotal:9,910 t RWS:2%Climate Beneficial:0.7%AustraliaTotal:405,983 t RWS:6%(incl.ZQ)SustainaWOOL GREEN:2%SustainaWOOL GOLD:0

186、.2%ZQ:1.2%(also RWS)South AfricaTotal:47,215 t RWS:43%SCWS:10%ArgentinaTotal:37,995 t RWS:25%New ZealandTotal:124,200 t RWS:14%(incl.ZQ)ZQ:13%(also RWS)5353+47+472525+75+7533+97+9799+91+911414+86+86IndiaTotal:36,020 t RWS:0.5%11+99+99The Falkland Islands(Malvinas)2Total:1,489 t RWS:94%9494+6+63%Urug

187、uayTotal:23,700 t RWS:34%3434+66+6634%25%94%53%9%14%0.5%ChileTotal:6,000 t RWS:15%1515+85+8515%United KingdomTotal:29,642 t RWS:0.3%11+99+990.3%32MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSANIMAL FIBERS:WOOL&OTHER ANIMAL FIBERS Source:Textile Exchange based on AWEXSource:Textile Exchange based on IWTOVirgi

188、n sheep woolThe non-mulesed wool marketMulesing,defined as the removal of wool-bearing strips of skin from between the hind legs(the“breech”area),tail skin folds,or tail skin wrinkles of sheep to prevent flystrike,remains a key issue in wool production.Since New Zealand banned mulesing in 2018,Austr

189、alia,which holds around 25%of the global clean wool market,is now the only country where the practice continues.Therefore the risk of sourcing wool produced with mulesing practices remains high without a traceability system to ensure the wool is mulesing-free.Its important to recognize that differen

190、t forms of mulesing exist:traditional mulesing using shears,freeze mulesing(stening)with liquid nitrogen,and the use of rubber rings,commonly employed for tail docking or castration,to remove loose skin from the breech area.In September 2019,Four Paws and Humane Society International opposed freeze

191、mulesing due to the severe pain it causes sheep.Both organizations,along with Textile Exchange,oppose any form of breech mutilation or modification.The definition of mulesing typically includes all forms of breech mutilation or modification,including steining.However,the Australian Wool Exchange(AWE

192、X)only included the removal of skin from the breech and/or tail of a sheep using mulesing shears.As a result,before July 2022,wool sold as non-mulesed under AWEX definition could still have been produced using freeze mulesing(steining).With Version 9.3 of its National Wool Declaration(NWD),effective

193、 July 2022,AWEX expanded its definition of non-mulesed to exclude steining and introduced a new labeling category for wool produced using liquid nitrogen(LN).See box opposite for a summary of the key changes made in NWD V9.3.While the first LN lots of wool were offered in 2022,AWEX only began report

194、ing LN volumes in 2023 due to small initial volumes.Certification such as the Responsible Wool Standard(RWS),ZQ,and SustainaWOOL GREEN and GOLD ensure their wool is sourced from non-mulesed sheep.Organic wool certified under the Organic Content Standard(OCS)must also be non-mulesed or from farms wit

195、h a ceased-mulesing status as per the latest revision(OCS 3.0)launched in April 2020.Additionally,the Global Organic Textile Standard(GOTS)6.0,introduced in March 2020,includes mulesed wool in its list of prohibited fibers.1 IWTO,2024.Market Information.Edition 19.2 National Wool Declaration(NWD)V9.

196、3.Business Rules for MS.Issue:1.Market share of greasy wool in Australia in 2023(thousand tonnes and%)Market share of clean wool in Australia in 2023(tonnes)1,060,908tonnesAustralia 267,688(25%)Others 793,220(75%)406k tonnes133(41%)85(26%)64(20%)30(9%)10(3%)AA(Analgesic/Anaesthetic)ND(Not Declared)N

197、M(Non Mulesed)M(Mulesed)CM(Ceased Mulesing)LN(Liquid Nitrogen)406k tonnesMulesing status of greasy wool in Australia 2023(thousand tonnes and%)133(41%)85(26%)64(20%)30(9%)10(3%)AA(Analgesic/Anaesthetic)ND(Not Declared)NM(Non Mulesed)M(Mulesed)CM(Ceased Mulesing)LN(Liquid Nitrogen)Australian National

198、 Wool Declaration(NWD)definitions until July 20222 with details of key changes since previous version in brackets:M Mulesed:“Sheep in this mob have been mulesed without the use of an analgesic&/or anaesthetic product registered by APVMA.”AA Analgesic/Anaesthetic:“Sheep in this mob have been mulesed

199、with the use of an analgesic&/or anaesthetic product registered by APVMA.”LN Liquid Nitrogen:“Sheep in this mob have been treated with liquid nitrogen.”(this is a new category added in NWD V9.3)ND Not DeclaredCM Ceased Mulesing:“No lambs born on this property in the last 12 months have been mulesed.

200、No mulesed(or AA)ewes or wethers have been purchased in the last 12 months.”NM Non Mulesed:“No sheep in this mob has been mulesed or treated with liquid nitrogen.”(previously“No sheep in this mob have been mulesed.”)Mulesing definition adopted by AWEX:“The removal of skin from the breech and/or tail

201、 of a sheep using mulesing shears.”(Source:Australian Animal Welfare Standards and Guidelines for Sheep prepared by Animal Health Australia,V1.0 2016.)33MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSANIMAL FIBERS:WOOL&OTHER ANIMAL FIBERS Wool recycling has a long history.Accounting for around 6%of the global

202、wool market,recycled wool had an estimated production volume of 73 thousand tonnes in 2023,which is similar to the previous year.1,2The Italian district of Prato is a major producer of recycled wool,producing approximately 30,000 tonnes of the fiber in 2023.Other major production centers for wool re

203、cycling are China and the Indian city of Panipat.Recycled standardsThe key standards for recycled wool are the Recycled Claim Standard(RCS),Global Recycled Standard(GRS),and Cardato Recycled for recycled wool from Prato,Italy.Recycled sheep woolProduction facts and figuresSource:Textile Exchange bas

204、ed on IWTO and Maia ResearchGlobal recycled wool market share 2023(tonnes)1,134,033tonnesVirgin(total)1,060,908(94%)Recycled(total)73,125(6%)Source:Textile Exchange based on IWTO and Maia Research 2023Recycled wool1 Maia Research,2024.Global Recycled Wool Market Report 2023.Commissioned report.2 IWT

205、O,2024.Market Information.Edition 19.3 Manteco.Email correspondence,May 2024.Photo:Christian VelcichAnimal Fibers&Materials:34MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024Other Animal FibersThe Global Fiber Market35MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSANIMAL FIBERS:WOOL&OTHER ANIMAL FIBERSSource:Textile Exchange base

206、d on Mohair South Africa and RMSSource:Mohair South AfricaMohair is the hair of the Angora goat(not to be confused with the Angora rabbit,which produces Angora wool).In 2023,around 4,570 tonnes of greasy mohair fibers were produced globally.Just over half of the worlds mohair(2,470 tonnes)was produc

207、ed in South Africa.The remaining mohair came from Lesotho with 710 tonnes(16%),Argentina with 360 tonnes(8%),Turkey with 350 tonnes(8%),the united States with 230 tonnes(5%),Australia with 90 tonnes(2%),New Zealand with 30 tonnes(1%),and other countries with 330 tonnes(7%).The South African mohair i

208、ndustry has been governed by its own Sustainable Mohair Production Guidelines since 2009.These industry guidelines have been developed and regularly revised by the South African Mohair Growers Association.The Responsible Mohair Standard(RMS)was the evolution of the increasing importance of and deman

209、d for an independent,third-party audited,international standard.Textile Exchange launched the RMS in 2020 in response to requests from stakeholders.Along with the Responsible Alpaca Standard(RAS)it aligns with RWS in terms of content covering animal welfare,land management,and people.The latest vers

210、ion,RMS 1.2,was released in 2021.The market share of RMS mohair increased from 42%of all mohair produced worldwide in 2022 to 47%in 2023.RMS fibers were produced in South Africa and Australia in 2023,with production totaling 2,125 tonnes.The RMS market share reached 84%of all greasy mohair produced

211、in South Africa and 55%of total mohair production in Australia in 2023.Virgin mohairProduction facts and figuresGlobal market share of Responsible Mohair Standard(RMS)in 2023(tonnes)Global greasy mohair fiber production by country in 2023(tonnes)4,570tonnesSouth Africa 2,470(54%)Lesotho 710(16%)Othe

212、rs 680(15%)Argentina 360(8%)Turkey 350(8%)Source:Mohair South AfricaWoolMohairCashmereAlpacaDown4,570tonnes2,445(53%)2,125(47%)Conventional/unknownResponsible Mohair Standard(RMS)4,570tonnesGlobal greasy mohair fiber production by country in 2023(tonnes)South Africa 2,470(54%)Lesotho 710(16%)Others

213、680(15%)Argentina 360(8%)Turkey 350(8%)Source:Mohair South AfricaWoolMohairCashmereAlpacaDown1 Mohair South Africa.Email correspondence,May 2024.36MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSANIMAL FIBERS:WOOL&OTHER ANIMAL FIBERS Source:Textile Exchange based on AVSF,GCS,IWTO,RN,and SFAVirgin cashmereProduc

214、tion facts and figuresSource:Textile Exchange based on IWTO and NBS:National Bureau of Statistics of ChinaGlobal cashmere production by country in 2023(tonnes)Global cashmere production by program in 2023(tonnes)25,611tonnesChina 17,589(69%)Others 8,022(31%)Source:Textile Exchange based on IWTO and

215、NBS:National Bureau of Statistics of ChinaWoolMohairCashmereAlpacaDown20212022202326,26126,80125,61121,84817,48213,6523,6005,4005,1196,454ProgramSFARNGCSConvAVSF25,611tonnesGlobal cashmere production by country in 2023(tonnes)China 17,589(69%)Others 8,022(31%)Source:Textile Exchange based on IWTO an

216、d NBS:National Bureau of Statistics of ChinaWoolMohairCashmereAlpacaDown1 IWTO,2024.Market Information.Edition 19.2 Textile Exchange based on“National Bureau of Statistics of China,2024.”3 The Wildlife Conservation Society(WCS)program that was previously included in this report has gone through a su

217、bstantial review and now focuses on the scientific research and monitoring required for verifying practices,transitioning away from direct engagement with the community and cashmere sale processes.The South Gobi Cashmere Program cooperatives are now managed by the Good Growth Company,one of the proj

218、ects selected by Regenerative Fund for Nature in 2021.Since the project focuses on a landscape-based approach rather than a certified product approach,we aim to include it in the Materials Directory going forward,rather than listing it here as standard system.4 Textile Exchange compilation based on

219、data provided by the program(s):AVSF,GCS,RN,and SFA.Please note it is possible that there is overlap in the production volumes reported for the different programs.Cashmere is the hair of the cashmere goat.Around 25,611 tonnes of greasy cashmere fibers were produced globally in 2023.Around 69%of the

220、worlds cashmere was produced in China.2The global market share of cashmere produced according to the listed programsAgronomes et Vtrinaires Sans Frontiers(AVSF),THE GOOD CASHMERE STANDARD(GCS),Responsible Nomads(RN),and Sustainable Fiber Alliance(SFA)increased from 35%(around 9,319 tonnes)in 2022 to

221、 47%(11,949 tonnes)in 2023.437MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSANIMAL FIBERS:WOOL&OTHER ANIMAL FIBERS Agronomeset Vtrinaires Sans Frontiers(AVSF)produced 70 tonnes of greasy cashmere fiber in Mongolia in 2023 from around 199,000 goats,accounting for 0.3%of all cashmere produced worldwide.1THE GOO

222、D CASHMERE STANDARD(GCS),developed by the Aid by Trade Foundation(AbTF)in 2019,produced 5,400 tonnes of greasy cashmere fiber in 2023 from around 4.3 million goats in China,representing a large increase from 2022 when 3,600 tonnes of fiber were produced.As a result,GCS accounted for around 31%of all

223、 cashmere produced in China in 2023,and around 21%of all cashmere produced worldwide.1,2The Responsible Nomads(RN)program,previously referred to as Green Gold and Animal Health program,adopted a new certification scheme in 2023.Only cashmere produced under the new scheme is included in the volumes r

224、eported for 2023,which is why its certified greasy cashmere production dropped from 530 tonnes in 2022 to 35 tonnes in 2023.The Sustainable Fiber Alliance(SFA),with its SFA Cashmere Standard,produced 6,454 tonnes of greasy cashmere fiber in 2023,up from 5,119 tonnes in 2022.Virgin cashmereProduction

225、 facts and figuresSource:Textile Exchange based on Good Cashmere Standard(GCS)Source:Textile Exchange based on AVSF Sustainable Cashmere Certification(AVSF)Source:Textile Exchange based on AVSF,GCS,RN,and SFASource:Textile Exchange based on Sustainable Fibre Alliance(SFA)Cashmere StandardSource:Text

226、ile Exchange based on Responsible Nomads(RN)*In 2023 the certification scheme changed,therefore the production for 2023 only includes cashmere certified to the new scheme.Good Cashmere Standard(GCS)AVSF Cashmere StandardCashmere Programs Production TotalSFA Cashmere StandardResponsible Nomads(RN)Cas

227、hmere production by program(tonnes)42021202220234,4139,31911,9592021202220231,7155,1196,454202120222023345530352021202220232,3003,6005,400AVSF Cashmere Standard202120222023537070Source:Textile Exchange based on AVSF Sustainable Cashmere Certification(AVSF)Cashmere production by program(tonnes)202120

228、222023537070Source:Textile Exchange based on AVSF Sustainable Cashmere Certification(AVSF)1 IWTO,2024.Market Information.Edition 19.2 Textile Exchange based on National Bureau of Statistics of China,2024.3 Responsible Nomads:The Green Gold and Animal Health Project of the Swiss Agency for Developmen

229、t and Cooperation(SDC)and Mongolian National Federation of Pasture User Groups of Herders(MNFPUG)have partnered in the development and implementation of this program.4 Program data is based on information from program owners,received through email correspondence or from their websites.The production

230、 volumes reported here include the total volume produced per program including equivalents and overlaps with other standards.It is therefore possible that there is overlap in the production volumes reported for the different programs.38MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSANIMAL FIBERS:WOOL&OTHER ANI

231、MAL FIBERSAlpaca fiber is the hair gathered from alpacas,a species of South American camelid native to Peru.Historically,alpaca fiber was reserved for royalty due to its fine micron range.Today,most alpacas still reside in the highlands of Peru,at altitudes ranging from 11,000 to 16,000 feet(3,500 t

232、o 5,000 meters).About 4 million alpacas live in Peru,with a small percentage in other countries like Bolivia,Australia,the uK,and the uS.The vast majority(95%)belong to the Huacaya breed,with the remaining 5%classified as Suri.Huacaya fleece is the primary variation used in textile and knitwear prod

233、uction.The current supply chain is centralized in Peru,where around 90%of the processing is handled by two main suppliers with vertically integrated operations.Additionally,several smaller producer groups operate independently.More than 90%of the fiber produced in Peru comes from smallholder farmers

234、 who typically own around 45 animals.Currently,alpaca fiber is collected and sold by middlemen before being processed by the two large processors.Global alpaca fiber production reached approximately 6,200 tonnes in 2023.Key standardsThe Responsible Alpaca Standard(RAS),launched in April 2021,is a vo

235、luntary global standard that addresses the welfare of alpacas,the land they graze on,and social welfare at the farm level.In 2023,the market share of RAS-certified alpaca fiber grew to 7%(436 tonnes),up from 3%(192 tonnes)in 2022.Most of the certified fiber is already committed to specific supply ch

236、ains,and it will take time to increase the volume available on the open market.Alpaca farming in Peru is based on extensive grazing and free-ranging husbandry systems,with animals adapted to their environment.The RAS was developed at the request of stakeholders to verify that alpaca fiber comes from

237、 responsible sources covering farm-level animal welfare practices,land management,and social welfare.Chain of custody certification ensures that fiber from certified farms is properly identified and tracked.The RAS is part of the Responsible Animal Fiber(RAF)framework,along with the Responsible Wool

238、 and Mohair Standards.Virgin alpacaProduction facts and figuresPhoto:Angela Ponce1 Minagri,2019.Potencial Productivo y Comercial de la Alpaca.2 IWTO,2024.Market Information.Edition 19.Source:Textile Exchange based on IWTO and RASGlobal market share of Responsible Alpaca Standard(RAS)in 2023(tonnes)6

239、,200tonnesConventional/unknown 5,764(93%)Responsible Alpaca Standard(RAS)436(7%)Source:Global market share of Responsible Alpaca Standard(RAS)in 2023(tonnes)WoolMohairCashmereAlpacaDown39MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSANIMAL FIBERS:SILKSource:Textile Exchange based on FAOSTATGlobal silk product

240、ion in 2023(tonnes)Silk is another animal-based fiber,though its share of the overall fiber market is small.Approximately 300,000 households are involved in raw silk production.In 2021,global raw silk production was around 85,415 tonnes(the most recent year that FAOSTAT data were available at the ti

241、me of reporting and therefore used as a proxy for 2022 and 2023 in this report),down from 94,081 tonnes the previous year.China and India together account for about 95%of global silk production,with China contributing 55%and India 40%in 2021.While global silk production more than doubled between 199

242、0 and 2015,it decreased by around 54%between 2015 and 2020.Silk programs include organic standards like the India Organic Regulation,the Organic Content Standard(OCS),and the Global Organic Textile Standard(GOTS).Other standards include Certified Wildlife Friendly and the World Fair Trade Organizati

243、on(WFTO).For recycled silk,the Global Recycled Standard(GRS)and the Recycled Claim Standard(RCS)are applicable.Virgin silkA global overview85,364tonnesChina 46,700(55%)India 33,770(40%)Others 4,894(6%)Source:Textile Exchange based on FAOSTATWoolMohairCashmereAlpacaDownPhoto:Andrew Urwin1 Raw silk is

244、 defined by the FAO as Obtained by reeling the filaments from cocoons.Not thrown.2 DNFI,2020.40 Million Households Produce Natural Fibers.3 FAOSTAT,2024.2021 data was the latest available at the time of reporting and is therefore used in this report as proxy for 2022 and 2023 in charts and aggregate

245、d volumes.4 Please note that historical FAOSTAT data on silk production has been revised a number of times by FAOSTAT.We will always report based on the latest FAOSTAT data available at the time of reporting.40MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSANIMAL FIBERS:WOOL&OTHER ANIMAL FIBERS Additional anim

246、al fibers beyond sheep wool,cashmere,mohair,and alpaca include those from yaks,camels,llamas,vicunas,guanacos,and angora rabbits.Yak fiber,primarily sourced from the Himalayas and regions of Mongolia and Central Asia,has been used in the Himalayan region for over a thousand years and has recently ga

247、ined recognition as a premium fiber in the international fashion industry.In 2023,approximately 3,465 tonnes of yak hair were produced.Camel hair is sourced from camels,with major suppliers including Mongolia,Tibet,Afghanistan,Iran,Russia,China,New Zealand,and Australia.In 2023,around 4,060 tonnes o

248、f camel hair were produced.Llama,vicua,and guanaco,all camelids native to South America,also provide valuable fibers.While llamas are domesticated,guanacos and vicuas are wild camelids related to llamas and alpacas,living in the high alpine areas of the Andes.Their extremely fine wool is highly valu

249、able.In 2023,around 2,800 tonnes of llama wool,seven tonnes of vicua wool,and two tonnes of guanco wool were produced.Angora wool comes from Angora rabbits(distinct from mohair,which is sourced from Angora goats).In 2023,around 500 tonnes of angora wool were produced.Other virgin animal fibersProduc

250、tion facts and figuresPhoto:Angela Ponce1 IWTO,2024.Market Information.Edition 19.Volumes reported are the greasy weight.41MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024Manmade Cellulosic FibersThe Global Fiber Market42MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSMANMADE CELLuLOSIC FIBERSSource:Textile Exchange based on Maia

251、Research 2024 and global data compilationGlobal market share of MMCFs in 2023 (million tonnes)124million tonnesOther fibers 117(94%)MMCFs 8(6%)8million tonnesGlobal MMCF production in 2023(million tonnes)0.05(1%)Virgin(total)7.80(99%)Recycled(total)Source:Textile Exchange based on Maia Research 2024

252、 and global data compilationRecycledVirginWith an annual production volume of around 7.9 million tonnes in 2023,manmade cellulosic fibers(MMCFs)including viscose(rayon),acetate,lyocell,modal,and cupro had a market share of around 6%of global fiber production.Global MMCF production has more than doub

253、led since 1990,when annual production was around 3 million tonnes,and is expected to continue growing in the coming years.Viscose(rayon)makes up the majority of the global MMCF market(80%),with a total production volume of around 6.3 million tonnes in 2023.Acetate has a market share of around 13%of

254、all MMCFs in 2023,with a production volume of approximately 1.0 million tonnes,but is mainly used for non-textile applications.Lyocell was the third-most used MMCF type in 2022,after viscose and acetate.It had a market share of around 4%of all MMCFs with a production volume of around 0.3 million ton

255、nes.1Modal had a market share of around 3%of the total MMCF market in 2022 with a production volume of around 0.2 million tonnes.1Cupro had a market share of around 0.2%of the total MMCF market.There was only one supplier of cupro producing around 0.01 million tonnes in 2022.Manmade cellulosic fiber

256、s are currently primarily produced from wood.Less than 1%of the global market is currently made from recycled or other alternative feedstocks.Virgin manmade cellulosic fibersProduction facts and figuresSource:Textile Exchange based on Maia Research 2024Global MMCF production by type in 2023 (million

257、 tonnes)8million tonnesAcetate 1.00(13%)Cupro 0.01(0%)Lyocell 0.37(5%)Modal 0.21(3%)6.26(80%)Viscose(rayon)Source:Textile Exchange based on Maia Research 2024Global MMCF production(million tonnes)201920202021202220237.26.47.47.47.95.75.15.95.96.31.00.80.91.01.0AcetateCuproLyocellModalViscose(rayon)8

258、million tonnesGlobal MMCF production in 2023(million tonnes)0.05(1%)Virgin(total)7.80(99%)Recycled(total)Source:Textile Exchange based on Maia Research 2024 and global data compilationRecycledVirgin1 Maia Research,2024.Global Manmade Cellulosic Fiber Market Report 2024(commissioned report).2 More in

259、formation on the applications by fiber is available in the Methodoloy section.AcetateCuproLyocellModalViscose(rayon)8million tonnesGlobal MMCF production in 2023(million tonnes)0.05(1%)Virgin(total)7.80(99%)Recycled(total)Source:Textile Exchange based on Maia Research 2024 and global data compilatio

260、nRecycledVirgin43MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSMANMADE CELLuLOSIC FIBERSSource:Textile Exchange based on FAO,FSC,PEFC,and SFI.Volumes include both certified and controlled volumes.Virgin manmade cellulosic fibersStandards for feedstockMMCFs covered by FSC and/or PEFC had an estimated market sh

261、are of around 6065%of all MMCFs in 2023.The Forest Stewardship Council(FSC),founded in 1993,is an international member-led organization that sets standards for responsible forest management and chain of custody.The first textile products with consumer facing FSC labels hit the market in 2020.The Pro

262、gramme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification(PEFC),founded in 1999,is a global alliance of national forest certification systems and is the largest forest certification system worldwide.Brands and retailers first started using consumer-facing communication for PEFC textiles in 2022.Overall,the

263、 share of global forest area covered by FSC and/or PEFC declined from around 11.2%in 2022 to around 8.7%in 2023.This was due,in part,to the ban on timber from Russia,Belarus,and occupied Ukrainian territory,called“conflict timber”,in March 2022.3,4,5,6 In total,around 7.3%of all certified forest was

264、 covered by PEFC and its equivalents in 2023,with roughly half of this covered by Sustainable Forestry Initiative(SFI).SFI is a key PEFC-endorsed forest certification system operational in Canada and the united States.Approximately 3.9%of all forests were covered by FSC in 2023.Due to the double cer

265、tification of around 1.5%of all forests,9.6%(and not 11.2%)of all forests were covered by FSC and/or PEFC in 2023.3,41 Textile Exchange estimates based on publicly available information and its own supplier mapping.2 Information received from FSC and PEFC per email.3 FAOSTAT,2024.Database.2022 and 2

266、023 figures not yet available at the launch of this report and therefore 2021 figures used as proxy.4 Based on FSC and PEFC press releases from June 2024,the FSC Database,the PEFC Database,and email correspondence with FSC,PEFC and SFI.5 FSC,2022.No FSC Material from Russia and Belarus until the Inv

267、asion Ends.6 PEFC,2022.Timber from Russia and Belarus Considered Conflict Timber.Forest programs(million ha)and%of forest area covered by the programsSource:Textile Exchange based on Maia Research,CanopyStyle audit reports,and other additional sourcesGlobal MMCF production by feedstock in 2023 (mill

268、ion tonnes)8million tonnes2.77(35%)FSC/PEFC 5.03(64%)0.05(1%)Conventional/unknownRecycled(total)20202021202220234,0594,0544,0544,05412.2%8.7%11.2%12.0%8million tonnesGlobal MMCF production in 2023(million tonnes)0.05(1%)Virgin(total)7.80(99%)Recycled(total)Source:Textile Exchange based on Maia Resea

269、rch 2024 and global data compilationRecycledVirginCertified(total)FSC and/or PEFCOthers%of Certified Forest Area8million tonnesGlobal MMCF production in 2023(million tonnes)0.05(1%)Virgin(total)7.80(99%)Recycled(total)Source:Textile Exchange based on Maia Research 2024 and global data compilationRec

270、ycledVirginForest programs in 2023(million hectares)and share of total forest area(%)FSC 158(3.9%)PEFC 295(7.3%)PEFC(w/o FSC&SFI)SFI(PEFC endorsed)&FSCSFI(PEFC endorsed)w/o FSC1102.7%1223.0%250.6%380.9%962.4%PEFC(w/o SFI)&FSCFSC(w/o PEFC&SFI)SFI 147(3.6%)44MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSMANMADE

271、 CELLuLOSIC FIBERSSource:Textile Exchange based on Canopy Hot Button Report 2023Virgin manmade cellulosic fibersStandards for feedstockThe CanopyStyle Audits have become the leading assessment of MMCF suppliers on their raw material sourcing practices since their start in 2017.The results of the aud

272、its are fed into Canopys annual Hot Button Report,which compares the performance of MMCF producers across several impact categories.In 2023,54%of the global MMCF production was awarded green shirts,up from 53%in 2022 and 50%in 2021.These producers have been audited and assessed as being at low risk

273、of sourcing MMCFs from ancient and endangered forests or have taken substantive action to eliminate known risks in their supply chains.As of 2023,89%of MMCF producers are engaged with Canopy either by having a sourcing policy in place or through dialogue.1 Canopy,2024.CanopyStyle Hot Button Report 2

274、023.Global market share of MMCF production capacity with CanopyStyle Shirts in 2023Dark Green Shirt 48.5%Medium Green Shirt 2.8%Light Green with Red Shirt 21.4%Light Green Yellow Shirt 1.0%Yellow with Red Shirt 7.4%Red Shirt 13.3%Not yet assessed 2.2%8million tonnesGlobal MMCF production in 2023(mil

275、lion tonnes)0.05(1%)Virgin(total)7.80(99%)Recycled(total)Source:Textile Exchange based on Maia Research 2024 and global data compilationRecycledVirgin45MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSMANMADE CELLuLOSIC FIBERSVirgin manmade cellulosic fibersStandards for pulp and fiberPulp and fiberBluesign has

276、developed specific criteria for fiber production that was added in the annex“Fiber Manufacturing”to its“bluesign CRITERIA for production sites”in March 2020.These criteria are applicable to the manufacturing of MMCFs and synthetic fibers,such as polyester and polyamide(nylon).Criteria for MMCFs addr

277、ess areas including feedstock,pulp,and fiber production.One MMCF supplier has already become a bluesign SYSTEM PARTNER and produces bluesign APPROVED fibers.ZDHC expanded the scope of its work to cover fiber production in 2020.It released guidelines,initially focused on viscose(rayon)and modal,to pr

278、ovide MMCF suppliers with unified criteria for measuring output indicators as well as an aligned approach for the recovery of sulfur compounds,part of the inputs,and by-products generated during the production process.Fiber producers are expected to engage in a continuous improvement roadmap defined

279、 by three levels of progress:foundational,progressive,and aspirational.In December 2022,ZDHC released V2.0 of its Man-Made Cellulosic Fibres Guidelines.The most up to date version is Man-made Cellulosic Fibre(MMCF)Guidelines V2.2,released in August 2023.The guidelines have expanded scope to now incl

280、ude lyocell,cupro,and acetate.They also include revisions to the criteria for responsible fiber production,wastewater,and air.In the upcoming V3.0,it is planned that chemical requirements for converting wood to dissolving pulp will be incorporated.Further standards that can be used at the pulp and/o

281、r fiber level include Cradle to Cradle Material Health Certificate Standard,STeP by OEKO-TEX,and the Eu Ecolabel for textile products.Another option is production in compliance with the Eu BREFs(BAT Reference Documents).For standards related to MMCFs made from recycled feedstocks,see the chapter on

282、recycled manmade cellulosic fibers.Photo:Constance Mariena46MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSMANMADE CELLuLOSIC FIBERSRecycled manmade cellulosic fibersSupplier updatesThe market share of MMCFs made from recycled feedstocks(which include MMCFs made from any recycled raw material,not only MMCF-to-

283、MMCF recycling)increased from an estimated 0.5%in 2022 to 0.7%in 2023.However,amid ongoing research and development,it is expected to increase significantly in the coming years.Canopy estimates that recycling just 25%(5 million tonnes)of global pre-and post-consumer cotton textile waste,plus 25%(1.6

284、 million tonnes)of MMCF textile waste,could replace all wood fiber currently used to manufacture dissolving pulp.Many MMCFs made from recycled feedstocks are still in development.The first commercially available MMCFs that are partially or wholly made from recycled materials use mainly cotton linter

285、 or pre-consumer cotton textile residues as feedstock.The share of MMCFs created from post-consumer textiles is still low but expected to grow.For MMCFs made from recycled materials,the Recycled Claim Standard(RCS),Global Recycled Standard(GRS),and SCS Recycled Content Certification can be used.The

286、first suppliers of MMCFs made from recycled feedstocks have been RCS-certified.Source:Textile Exchange based on Maia Research 2024 and global data compilationGlobal MMCF production in 2023(million tonnes)8million tonnes0.05(1%)Virgin(total)7.80(99%)Recycled(total)Source:Textile Exchange based on Mai

287、a Research 2024 and global data compilationRecycledVirgin1 Textile Exchange based on Maia Research,2024.Global Recycled Manmade Cellulosic Fiber Market Report 2023 and Global Manmade Cellulosic Fiber Market Report 2023.2 Canopy,2020.SURVIVAL.A Plan for Saving Forests and Climate:A Pulp Thriller.Synt

288、hetic Fibers:47MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024PolyesterThe Global Fiber Market48MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSSYNTHETIC FIBERS:POLYESTERSource:Textile Exchange based on Maia Research 2024 and global data compilationSource:Textile Exchange based on Maia Research 2024 and global data compilationPol

289、yester is the most widely used fiber worldwide.With an annual production volume of around 71 million tonnes,up from around 63 million tonnes in 2022,polyester had a market share of approximately 57%of global fiber production in 2023.Globally,recycled polyester fiber production increased from around

290、8.6 million tonnes in 2022 to around 8.9 million tonnes in 2023.However,due to the increase in virgin polyester production,there was actually a decrease in the overall market share of recycled polyester from around 13.6%of global polyester production in 2022 to around 12.5%in 2023.Feedstock typesRec

291、ycled polyester is predominantly made from PET plastic bottles,which make up an estimated 98%of all recycled polyester feedstock.Recycled polyester can also be made from other post-consumer plastics such as ocean waste,packaging waste,and discarded polyester textiles,or from pre-consumer processing

292、residues such as fabric scraps.Amid increasing demand for post-consumer bottles within the bottle industry,as well as the wider packaging industry and other sectors,competition for post-consumer bottles is increasing.Textile-to-textile recycling is an important strategy to ensure future feedstock su

293、pply for the recycled polyester textile industry.Recycling typesMost recycled polyester is currently recycled mechanically.Key challenges associated with chemical and biological recycling include cost and investment,technological challenges,access to suitable and consistent feedstocks,and energy use

294、.With new operations starting commercial production of chemically recycled polyester,and other companies in the research and development phase,the market share of chemically recycled polyester is expected to grow in the coming years.For more information,please see Textile Exchanges 2024 report The F

295、uture of Synthetics,which dives into the technologies and infrastructure that will facilitate the substitution of new virgin fossil fuel-derived synthetic materials.Recycled polyesterProduction facts and figuresGlobal market share of polyester in 2023(million tonnes)Global polyester production(milli

296、on tonnes)and share of recycled(%)2019202020212022202357.757.160.563.371.113.7%12.5%14.8%14.7%13.6%Recycled PolyesterVirgin PolyesterRecycled Polyester%124million tonnesPolyester 71(57%)Other fibers 53(43%)1 Maia Research,2024.Global Polyester Fiber Market Report 2023.Commissioned report.2 Maia Rese

297、arch,2024.Global Recycled Polyester Fiber Market Report 2023.Commissioned report.3 Textile Exchange,2024.Based on sources listed in footnote(1)and(2).49MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSSYNTHETIC FIBERS:POLYESTERStandardsThe main standards used for recycled polyester include the Global Recycled St

298、andard(GRS),the Recycled Claim Standard(RCS),and the SCS Recycled Content Standard.For further information,see the chapter on Supply chain standards.Ocean-bound plasticMore than 8 million tonnes of plastic end up in the oceans every year.An increasing number of initiatives are working on the collect

299、ion of ocean-bound or ocean plastic as feedstock for recycled polyester.Zero Plastic Oceans launched the Ocean Bound Plastic(OBP)Certification in 2020 in collaboration with the certification body Control union.The OBP Certification Program is designed to encourage the removal of ocean-bound plastic

300、from the environment by adding value to the effective collection and treatment of plastic before it reaches the ocean.A total of 750 tonnes of recycled polyester fibers were OBP-certified in 2023,up from 425 tonnes in 2022.69%of this came from Indonesia,20%from China,and 11%from India.However,the vo

301、lumes of recycled polyester fibers from OBP-certified feedstock that were not yet certified at the fiber level were much higher,at around 5,052 tonnes.The reason is that only parts of the supply chains were certified.In terms of OBP-certified feedstock,in 2023,34%came from Malaysia,29%from India,20%

302、from Indonesia,9%from Thailand,and 8%from China.Small amounts also came from Pakistan,Australia,New Zealand,the uSA,Taiwan,Japan,South Korea,and Holland.3Recycled polyesterProduction facts and figures1 IUCN,2021.Website.2 Ocean-bound plastic is generally defined as abandoned plastic waste located wi

303、thin the range of 50km from shore.Source:Ocean Bound Plastic(OBP)Certification,2024.Website.3 Zero Plastic Oceans,2024.Email correspondence,April 2024.Photo:Madeleine BrunnmeierSource:Ocean Bound Plastic 2024Ocean Bound Plastic fiber production(tonnes)20222023425750Source:Ocean Bound Plastic 202450M

304、ATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSSYNTHETIC FIBERS:POLYESTERAll synthetic fibers can,in theory,be made from new virgin fossil-based feedstocks,recycled feedstocks,biobased feedstocks,or CO2-based feedstocks.Biobased and,more recently,CO2-based feedstocks are emerging materials of growing interest.B

305、iobased polyesterThe market share of biobased polyester is estimated at around 0.01%of the total polyester production.Many biosynthetic materials that exist on the market today are partially biobased.Further development of feedstocks is needed to provide the industry with innovative solutions to dri

306、ve the uptake of biobased polyesters.While many sustainability standards for biobased feedstocks exist,the scale and adoption of these standards for biosynthetics are still limited.Key standards for biomass certification are the Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials(RSB),International Sustainabilit

307、y&Carbon Certification(ISCC)Plus,and Bonsucro.For more information,please see Textile Exchanges 2022 Sustainability of Biosynthetics report and its 2024 report The Future of Synthetics.CO2-based fibersA few companies are exploring innovative approaches to directly capture carbon dioxide(CO2)from the

308、 air and use the carbon element as feedstock for textiles.The carbon can be processed into the chemical building blocks that are used in the production of synthetic fibers such as polyester.Carbon Capture and utilization and Storage(CCuS)and Direct Air Capture(DAC)are new technologies in development

309、.Their energy usage is currently very high,but if technological challenges are overcome and the process is powered by renewable energy,it will have potential as an alternative to new virgin fossil feedstock.Solutions in development today are partially derived from captured carbon.Biobased and CO2-ba

310、sed polyesterEmerging materialsPhoto:Daniel Far1 Estimate based on nova-Institute,2024.Bio-based Building Blocks and Polymers:Global Capacities,Production and Trends 2023 2028.Maia Research,2024.Global Polyester Fiber Market Report 2023.Commissioned report.Synthetic Fibers:51MATERIALS MARKET REPORT

311、2024Polyamide(Nylon)The Global Fiber Market52MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSSYNTHETIC FIBERS:POLYAMIDE1 Textile Exchange estimate based on various sources(see Global Fiber Market chapter).2 Maia Research,2024.Global Polyamide Fiber Market Report 2023.Commissioned report.3 Maia Research,2024.Glo

312、bal Recycled Nylon Fiber Market Report 2023.Commissioned report.Source:Textile Exchange based on Maia Research 2024 and global data compilationsSource:Textile Exchange based on Maia Research 2024 and global data compilationsGlobal polyamide(nylon)fiber production increased from 6.2 million tonnes in

313、 2022 to 6.7 million tonnes in 2023 and accounted for about 5%of global fiber production.There has been a steady increase in polyamide production over the last five years,except for 2020 when the COVID-19 pandemic caused a slight decline.The recycled polyamide fiber market is growing,but at a slow r

314、ate.Around 0.1 million tonnes of recycled polyamide were produced globally in 2023.Due to technical challenges,limitations related to feedstock quality and availability,and investment needs,the market share of recycled polyamide is still very low,accounting for around 2%of all polyamide fiber produc

315、tion.Feedstock typesRecycled polyamide can be produced from pre-or post-consumer waste.Pre-consumer waste may include processing scraps,fabric cut-offs,or hard polyamide waste.Post-consumer polyamide is made from materials such as discarded fishing nets,carpets,or other used textiles.The recycling p

316、rocess can be mechanical or chemical.StandardsThe main standards used for recycled polyamide include the Global Recycled Standard(GRS)and the Recycled Claim Standard(RCS).For further information,please see the chapter on Supply Chain Standards.Recycling polyamide helps to decrease the industrys depe

317、ndence on new virgin fossil-based raw materials and reduce waste material.Recycled polyamide(nylon)Production facts and figuresGlobal market share of polyamide(nylon)in 2023(million tonnes)Global polyamide(nylon)production(million tonnes)124million tonnesOther fibers 118(95%)Polyamide 7(5%)Source:Te

318、xtile Exchange based on Maia Research 2024 and global data compilationsPolyester201920202021202220235.65.45.96.26.71.94%2.13%1.94%2.02%1.94%Recycled PolyamideOther PolyamideRecycled Polyamide%53MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSSYNTHETIC FIBERS:POLYAMIDEBiobased polyamide(nylon)Introduction and su

319、pplier innovation landscapeThe global production volume for biobased polyamide(nylon)fiber is around 0.04 million tonnes.It is estimated that biobased polyamide fibers make up around 0.5%of the polyamide fiber market.Many biosynthetic materials that exist on the market today are partially biobased.F

320、urther development of feedstocks is needed to provide the industry with innovative solutions to drive the uptake of biobased polyamides.For more information,please see Textile Exchanges Sustainability of Biosynthetics Report and its 2024 report The Future of Synthetics.Photo:Mickael Samama1 Estimate

321、 based on nova-Institute,2024.Bio-based Building Blocks and Polymers:Global Capacities,Production and Trends 2023 2028.Maia Research,2024.Global Polyester Fiber Market Report 2023.Commissioned report.Synthetic Fibers:54MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024Other Synthetic FibersThe Global Fiber Market55MATERI

322、ALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSSYNTHETIC FIBERS:OTHER SYNTHETIC FIBERSSource:Textile Exchange based on Maia Research 2024 and global data compilationSource:Textile Exchange based on Maia Research 2024 and global data compilationSource:Textile Exchange based on Maia Research 2024 and global data compi

323、lationSource:Textile Exchange based on Maia Research 2024 and global data compilationOther synthetic fibersProduction facts and figuresOther synthetics including polypropylene,acrylics,and elastane had a combined production volume of 6 million tonnes and a market share of around 5%of the global fibe

324、r market in 2023.Polypropylene had a market share of 2.5%,with fiber production volumes remaining similar to 2022 at 3.1 million tonnes,after a slight decline in 2020 due to COVID-19.It is estimated that about 0.3%of polypropylene fibers are recycled.Acrylic fibers had a production volume of just un

325、der 1.6 million tonnes and a market share of 1.3%of the global fiber market in 2023.Global acrylic fiber production volumes have been declining over the years.The market share of recycled acrylic is estimated at around 0.6%of total acrylic fiber production in 2023.Elastane fiber production increased

326、 from slightly above 1.2 million tonnes in 2022 to almost 1.4 million tonnes in 2023,accounting for a market share of around 1.1%of the global fiber market.The share of recycled elastane was estimated to be 3.0%of global elastane fiber production in 2023.The production volumes of other synthetics su

327、ch as polytrimethylene terephthalate(PTT),polylactic acid(PLA),and similar materials are very low and currently not included in this annual report.1 Maia Research,2024.Global Other Synthetics Fiber Market Report 2023.Commissioned report.Global market share of other synthetics 2023 (million tonnes)El

328、astane fiber production(million tonnes)Polypropylene fiber production(million tonnes)Acrylic fiber production(million tonnes)201920202021202220233.062.903.033.103.130.10%0.30%0.19%0.15%0.24%RecycledVirgin%recycled201920202021202220231.781.721.651.631.600.07%0.65%0.31%0.17%0.47%RecycledVirgin%recycle

329、d201920202021202220231.011.111.191.281.411.89%3.03%2.61%2.29%2.83%RecycledVirgin%recycledRecycledVirgin%recycled124million tonnesOther fibers 118.3(95%)Polypropylene 3.1(3%)Elastane(spandex)1.4(1%)Other fibersPolypropyleneAcrylicElastane(spandex)56MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024Other Raw Materials(Non-

330、Fiber)Animal Fibers&Materials:57MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024Down&FeathersOther Raw Materials(Non-Fiber)58MATERIALS MARKET REPORT 2024CONTENTSOTHER RAW MATERIALS:DOWN&FEATHERSGlobal virgin down and feather production increased from 602,356 tonnes in 2022 to around 626,932 tonnes in 2023.Approximately

331、 85-90%of down comes from ducks,with the remainder mainly from geese.Concerns about the treatment of animals have led to the development of animal welfare standards for down.Key standards include the Responsible Down Standard(RDS)and Downpass.These standards ensure that there is:No live plucking No

332、force-feeding Broader animal welfare(depending on the standard)Multi-tier cage farming,increasingly used in China for ducks,is also prohibited by the RDS,as the animal welfare outcomes it describes cannot be delivered by these systems.RDS-certified down production volume increased from 19,233 tonnes

333、 in 2022 to 20,639 tonnes in 2023,equaling 3.3%of total virgin down production in 2023.Downpass had 13%of its certified farms located in ukraine in 2021,so the program has been affected by the war,and data for 2022 and 2023 were not available at the time of reporting.In 2021,the latest year for which data are available,the global Downpass-certified down production volume was 6,958 tonnes,accountin