1、 LEADS 2022 Logistics Ease Across Different States Government of India Ministry of Commerce&Industry L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 12 Acknowledgement Efficient logistics is the bed rock for a fast-growing economy like India.Movement of goo

2、ds across the country and beyond its borders has created opportunities for millions of Indians.At the macroeconomic level,logistics is regarded as one of the main factors influencing competitiveness,policy effectiveness,infrastructure development and other investments.Improvement in logistics ecosys

3、tem has become a cornerstone for achieving Governments vision of a$5 trillion economy including push towards achieving Atmanirbhar Bharat and becoming a manufacturing hub for the world.Government of India has prioritised development of a robust,cost-efficient,and high-quality logistics ecosystem wit

4、h is a judicious blend of technology,regulation,standardisation,and highly skilled human resource.A comprehensive exercise of mapping all existing/planned infrastructure initiatives of various Ministries and State Governments has been initiated under pioneering initiative of PM GatiShakti National M

5、aster Plan(PMGS-NMP).The National Logistics Policy(NLP)provides an overarching cross functional,cross jurisdictional and interdisciplinary framework for improving logistics ecosystem in the country.LEADS survey is one of the many initiatives taken by Government of India to collaboratively improve th

6、e logistics ecosystem in the country in partnership with States/UT.LEADS is an indigenous data driven index which practically measures performance of States/UTs on Logistics.It focuses on providing a common platform for a consultative and collaborative framework for Central and State Governments to

7、work in a coordinated manner in logistic sector.EY is pleased to have supported Logistics Division,Ministry of Commerce and Industry(MOCI),Government of India with preparation of the LEADS 2022 report.I would like to thank Shri Anurag Jain-IAS,Commerce Secretary;Shri Amrit Lal Meena-IAS,Special Secr

8、etary-Logistics Division,Ministry of Commerce and Industry;Dr.Surendra Ahirwar-IRTS,Logistics Division,Ministry of Commerce and Industry;and Shri Shlok Bhardwaj-IES,Deputy Director General-Logistics Division,Ministry of Commerce and Industry;for their continuous support throughout the LEADS exercise

9、 and guidance.Finally,I would like to acknowledge the support provided by all the States/UTs and various stakeholders of the logistics industry who participated in the LEADS 2022 survey.Their inputs accompanied by the willingness to improve the logistics ecosystem in the country has been a source of

10、 constant encouragement and motivation.Mihir G.Shah Partner,Ernst&Young LLP L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 13 Abbreviations Abbreviations Full form Abbreviations Full form LEADS Logistics Ease Across Different States UT Union Territory EY E

11、rnst&Young MOCI Ministry of Commerce&Industry IAS Indian Administrative Services IRTS Indian Railway Traffic Service IES Indian Engineering Services PM Pradhan Mantri Gati Shakti National Master Plan PMGS-NMP Pradhan Mantri NLP National Logistics Policy LLP Limited Liability Partnership US United St

12、ates PLI Production Linked Incentive Scheme GOI Government of India DPIIT Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade ADB Asian Development Bank GDP Gross Domestic Product USA United States of America EU European Union WEO World Economic Outlook UK United Kingdom JNPT Jawahar Lal Nehru P

13、ort Trust WTO World Trade Organization PPP Public Private Partnership EXIM Export and Import CLAP Comprehensive Logistics Action Plan ULIP Unified Logistics Integrated Platform SEM Structural equation modeling CFA Confirmatory Factor Analysis Abbreviations Full form ICD Inland Container Depot CFS Co

14、ntainer Freight Station MMLP Multi Modal Logistics Park LCS Land Customs Station LCP Land Customs Port RTO Regional Transport Office GPS Global Positioning System SIM Subsriber Indentity Module CLU City Logistics Unit NOC No Objection Certificate IMC Inter-Ministerial Committee FOIS Freight Operatio

15、ns Information System MoCA Ministry of Civil Aviation MoCAF&PD Ministry of Consumer Affairs,Food and Public Distribution WDRA Warehousing Development and Regulatory Authority MoSDE Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship MoSDE Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship DPIIT Depar

16、tment for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade MT Million Tonnes TIES Trade Infrastructure for Export Scheme GSVA Gross State Value Added MOSPI Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation FRI Forest Research Institute CAPEX Capital Expenditure PFT Private Freight Terminal TSP Transport S

17、ervice Providers L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 14 Abbreviations Full form TISP Terminal Infrastrcuture Service Providers AFS Air Freight Station PMGS PM GatiShakti BISAG-N Bhaskaracharya Institute for Space Applications and Geoinformatics

18、NER North Eastern Region RMSEA Root Mean Standard rror of Approximation CFI Conformatory Fix Index NH National Highway NHAI National Highway Authority of India SH State Highways CBIC Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs MTPA Million Tonnes Per Annum CCTV Closed-Circuit TeleVision PTZ Pan,Tilt

19、&Zoom ASPRTC Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation IDTR Institute of Driver Training and Research NIC National Informatics Centre ODC Over Dimensioned Cargo EGoS Empowered Group of Secretaries NPG Network Pkanning Group TSU Technical Support Unit PGA Participatory Government Agency PCS Por

20、t Community System AAI Airports Authority of India IWT Inland Waterway Terminal AFCONS Asia Foundations and Construction Limited.GMB Gujarat Maritime Board COT Commissioner of Transport GPCB Gujarat Pollution Control Board XGN Xtended Green Node CCTV Closed-Circuit TeleVision VISWAS Village based In

21、itiative to Synergise Health,Water And Sanitation.GSDM Gujarat Skill Development Mission NSDC National Skill Development Corporation PMKVY Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojna FY Financial Year MBKVY Mukhyamantri Bhavishyalakshi Kaushalya Vikas Yojana NMPA New Mangalore Port Authority ANPR Automatic N

22、umber Plate Recognition MoSPW Ministry of Port Shipping&Waterways NCTF National Committee on Trade Facilitation Abbreviations Full form CI Confidence Interval MIDC Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation MPCB Maharashtra Pollution Control Board INR Indian National Rupee RFID Radio Frequency I

23、dentification MSME Micro,Small and Medium Enterprises SLSWCA State Level Single Window Clearance Authority DLSWCA District Level Single Window Clearance Authority SPMG State Project Monitoring Group SIPCOT State Industries Promotion Corporation of Tamil Nadu Ltd TIDCO Tamil Nadu Industrial Developme

24、nt Corporation SIDCO Small Industries Development Corporation CRZ Coastal Regulation Zone DPR Detailed Project Report CRIDP Crescent Resources Incentive Deferral Plan IEF Information Engineering Facility NABARD National Bank for Agriculture and RuralDevelopment FPO Farm Produce Organization TNIAMP T

25、amil Nadu Irrigated Agriculture Modernization Project TNRDC Tamil Nadu Road Development Company TNRSP Tamil Nadu Road Sector Project CII Confederation of Indian Industry CMRL Chennai Metro Rail Limited TNEB Tamil Nadu Electricity Board CGTA Calcutta Goods Transport Association AIS All India Services

26、 RTA Road Transport Authority PAB Project Approval Board MoR Ministry of Railway BBN Baddi Barota Nalagarh SEZ Special Economic Zone MPLWC Madhya Pradesh Warehousing&Logistics Corporation FICCI Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry CM Chief Minister MOU Memorandum of Understanding N

27、IDC Nagaland Industrial Development Corporation Limited MoRTH Ministry of Road Transport and Highways L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 15 Abbreviations Full form SLC State Logistics Cell SLCC State Logistics Coordination Committee CLC City Lo

28、gistics Committee AQ Animal Quarantine PQ Plant Quarantine ICP Integrated Check Post ACC Air Cargo Complex IBDP Industrial and Business Development Policy PBGRAM EV Electric Vehicle TSRTC Telangana State Road Transport Corporation FSSAI Food Safety and Standards Authority of India PWD Public Works D

29、epartment AQCS Animal Quarantine and Certification Services ATMS Advanced Traffic Management Systems UPSIDA Uttar Pradesh State Industrial Development Authority IIT Indian Institute of Technology NICDC National Industrial Corridor Development Corporation Limited CHA Customs House Agent UPEIDA Uttar

30、Pradesh Expressways Industrial Development Authority NIAIMT National Institute For Automotive Inspection Maintenance&Training MTI Driver Training Institute DTI Mechanics Training Institute IMS Inspection Maintenance Station NW National Waterway ROB Road Over Bridge RUB Road Under Bridge SFPO Sub For

31、eign Post Office SMP State Master Plan MDR Major District Road MSDE Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship GST Goods and Services Tax CLU City Logistics Unit NVOCC Non Vessel Opertaing Common Carrier GSTN Goods and Service Tax Network L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s

32、 s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 16 L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e sPage 17ContentsContents Executive Summary.18 Changing landscape of logistics.21 Logistics Ease Across Different States(LEADS)2022.27 Cluster insights on overall indicators in

33、frastructure,services and regulatory.49 Category-wise State and UTs performance.59 Coastal Landlocked North-Eastern Region Union Territories Andhra Pradesh Goa Gujarat Karnataka Kerala Maharashtra Odisha Tamil Nadu West Bengal Bihar Chattisgarh Haryana Himachal Pradesh Jharkhand Madhya Pradesh Punja

34、b Rajasthan Telangana Uttar Pradesh Uttarakhand Arunachal Pradesh Assam Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Sikkim Tripura Andaman&Nicobar Chandigarh Daman&Diu and Dadra&Nagar Haveli Delhi Jammu&Kashmir Ladakh Lakshadweep Puducherry Way forward and Conclusion.183 Annexures.189 L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g

35、 i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 18 Executive Summary India envisions a US$2 trillion export figure by 2030.,As a result the Government has been taking a number of initiatives to spur export trade,support domestic consumption and bring in logistics efficiencies.Mak

36、e in India,Production Linked Incentive Schemes(PLI),increased Government spending on capex,flagship programs such as PM GatiShakti and launch of National Logistics Policy are few a reforms tools to mould the vision.Given the high Logistics cost in India competition in Global markets becomes extremel

37、y challenging and thus more scientific approach has been adopted by the Government of India(GOI)to create a Cost Effective,Data Driven and Technically Robust Logistics Ecosystem across the country.PM GatiShakti and recently launched National Logistics Policy in particular along with many other initi

38、atives such as Unified Logistics Interface Platform(ULIP),E-LogS Dashboard for Ease of Logistics Services,Standards for Warehousing and physical assets and Training Courses on IGoT Platform are aimed at holistically developing Logistics Ecosystem.Given the federal system of our country,States&UTs ar

39、e the most important Partners and have a critical role as enablers and work in tandem alongside the Central Government for implementation of these initiatives.Monitoring/audit of various sectors,identifying impediments and recommending course correction to streamline processes is thus a reliable mec

40、hanism to bring in efficiencies.,Thereby since 2018,the Logistics Division,DPIIT,Ministry of Commerce&Industry,has undertaken an annual“Logistics Ease Across Different States(LEADS)”survey in all States/UTs to assess logistics ecosystem in the country at State/UT level.Its a combination of perceptio

41、n and objective data to arrive at a grading system for States/UTs using a statistical model.It further,assesses viewpoints of various users and stakeholders in the value chain(through perception survey)to identify bottlenecks,and suggest appropriate measures to rectify the same.LEADS acts a feedback

42、 mechanism for the administrative ecosystem to take a coordinated approach to develop cost effective and efficient logistics system.LEADS 2022 survey garnered meticulous insights through a much wider reach and deeper penetration into key markets across State/UTs.A total of 6,583 responses were recei

43、ved from 2,140 respondents through 600+meetings facilitated through 20+National and 75+regional associations.LEADS 2022 continues to focus on indicators introduced across 3 established pillars Infrastructure,Services and Operating&Regulatory Environment.These pillars are further divided into 19 indi

44、cators.Corroborative evidence collected through stakeholder discussion along with inputs from the States and UTs through an evidence-based objective survey to map their initiatives forms core of the study.LEADS 2022 also considers the facilitation provided by State/UTs in logistics sector through va

45、rious policy initiatives,interventions and actions taken by the states on the suggestions made under LEADS 2021.L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 19 Previously,States/UTs were ranked based on their logistics ecosystem.However,it was felt that

46、the phenomenal work which has been done in the last one year by States towards logistics ecosystem improvement cannot be properly appreciated through a ranking framework.The scores and resultant ranks of States/UTs have in all previous occasions been arrived at using different sample sizes and intra

47、-category compositions,varying weights applied to the broader Indicator categories(Infrastructure,Services and Regulation)as also to stakeholder groups.All these issues,mostly uncontrollable because of a constantly shifting stakeholder profile and a very strong recency bias,make differentiation in p

48、erceptions of logistics competence among States/UTs very unclear and indistinct.Adapting the evaluation framework of the recently released Business Reforms Action Plan1,in LEADS 2022 there is a shift from one uniform ranking.All the States/UTs in their respective clusters(based on geographical profi

49、le),are grouped into three grades based on the percentage score ranges.A percentage score indicates how well a State or UT has performed in comparison to the Top State/UT within the specific cluster.The States/UTs with similar percentage score range have been graded in a common group.LEADS 2022 cate

50、gorizes States based on their geographic demographics into 4 categories of Landlocked,coastal,north-eastern regions and Union Territories.For grading each of these categories in into three categories.The“Achievers”are States which have shown exemplary logistics ecosystems with exceptional infrastruc

51、ture and transparent regulatory processes.The“Fast Movers”are States who are moving towards becoming Achievers by notifying progressive policy and legislatives initiatives along with new infrastructure projects.Finally,we have the“Aspirers”States which have initiated their journey towards logistics

52、ease and excellence by adopting national best practices to further improve their contribution towards Indias emerging position as a global manufacturing and logistics hub.Results of the exercise are as shown in the exhibit-1 below:Exhibit 1:Result of LEADS 2022 Categories Achievers Fast movers Aspir

53、ers Landlocked states Haryana,Himachal Pradesh,Punjab,Telangana,Uttar Pradesh,Uttarakhand,Madhya Pradesh,Rajasthan Bihar,Chhattisgarh,Jharkhand Coastal states Andhra Pradesh,Gujarat,Karnataka,Maharashtra,Odisha,Tamil Nadu Kerala Goa,West Bengal North-Eastern Region Assam Sikkim,Tripura Arunachal Pra

54、desh,Manipur,Meghalaya,Mizoram,Nagaland UTs Chandigarh,Delhi Puducherry Andaman&Nicobar,Daman Diu&Dadara and Nagar Haveli,Jammu&Kashmir,Ladakh,Lakshadweep 1 Business Reforms Action Plan(dpiit.gov.in)accessed at Business Reforms Action Plan(dpiit.gov.in)L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c

55、 r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 20 Changing landscape of logistics 1 L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 21 Changing landscape of logistics Global Supply Chains have been through rough weather in the Covid19 era and recovery from the

56、 pandemic has not been a smooth ride either.World economies will continue to brace for economic and geopolitical headwinds ahead.Moreover,there have been some important global developments in the recent past that are also not encouraging from macroeconomic perspective.Declining populations in large

57、number of countries have impacted demographic patterns,random bailouts for the Covid-affected have indiscriminately encouraged inefficient enterprise,de-globalisation as basis of policymaking in many countries has made trade and industry suffer,and reliance on excessive debt-financing has now come t

58、o bite over-indulgent economies.Apart from these trends,the war in Europe,galloping inflationary trends in most economies,and the unprecedented energy crisis in Europe are the current woes of the world.Central Banks,the world over,have turned aggressive policy hawks in trying to control unprecedente

59、d inflationary trends,even declaring that growth will have to be sacrificed so that aggregate demand reduces in the economy.While the global merchandise trade continues to be in the post-pandemic-recovery phase,the pace of recovery is projected to reduce in 2022 compared to 2021,extent of which for

60、now seems difficult to assess.The trade had seen a reduction of 5%in 2020,owing to pandemic-induced shock.The same increased significantly during post-pandemic recovery(10%in 2021).Hit by the Russia-Ukraine crisis and its impact on the supply of key commodities and global trade relations,the trade g

61、rowth is estimated to be 3%for 2022 and 2023.Further,as per World Economic Outlook(WEO)July 2022 update,global growth is expected to slow down owing to global inflation and the recessionary monetary policies being aggressively pursued by the developed economies.(Exhibit-2)Further,as per World Econom

62、ic Outlook(WEO)July 2022 update,global growth is expected to slow down owing to global inflation and the recessionary monetary policies being aggressively pursued by the developed economies These world events,both in terms of policy initiatives and resultant outcomes,could not have left the Indian e

63、conomy untouched.But most economists and analysts accept that India has emerged from this global crisis as one of the more mature and stable economies,both in its policymaking,its post-pandemic recovery and the more recent well-calibrated response to the geo-political crisis and the recessionary tre

64、nds in the developed economies of the world.The Asian Development Bank(ADB),in its September 2022 Asian Development Outlook Update,has projected Indias growth at 7%for FY23,increasing to 7.2%in FY24.The World Bank has just recently revised Indias growth projection for the year from 7%to 6.5%.Growth

65、for Developing Asian economies has been forecasted at 4.3%in 2022 and 4.9%in 2023 while for China,the corresponding projections stand at 3.3%and 4.5%respectively.The ADB observed that in more than three decades,this has been the first time that the rest of Asia is expected to grow faster than China.

66、In the wake of ongoing geopolitical developments,key structural changes are happening in terms of international trade and capital flows.These call for major adjustments in relation to sourcing and composition of imports as well as destination and composition of exports,supplemented by substantive po

67、licy support.The Indian economy continues to exhibit vulnerability on account of enhanced inflation levels,reduced GDP growth rate,increasing current account deficit,reduced dollar reserves,and expectations of a higher fiscal deficit,mainly on account of geo-political disruptions,the oil price incre

68、ase and the imminent recessionary conditions in the USA and EU.Still,Indias economic recovery compares well with most large economies of the world.Indias growth rate,despite an expected marginal decline,is projected to be significantly higher than other economies including the developed western worl

69、d and China.International Trade forms the backbone of the worlds economies,spurring investment,job creation,economic growth,and raising standards of living.As Supply chains across the globe inevitably inch towards normalcy,India is L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r

70、e n t S t a t e s Page 22 expected to take advantage of the increasing trading activity.Indias real GDP has well exceeded$3 trillion and has overtaken UK as the fifth largest economy recently.Emphasis on Government of India(GOI)policy initiatives,such as Make in India,Aatmnirbhar Bharat etc.has made

71、 domestic industry grow and fulfil domestic demand,and this will naturally expand into higher export potential.Further,the GOI initiative on the Productivity-Linked(PLI)schemes for select industries,has been well-patronised and is already showing gains by way of enhanced manufacturing which when sca

72、led higher is likely to become much more efficient.Government of India is also increasing the size of Government expenditure relative to GDP and prioritizing public expenditure on education,health and physical infrastructure to sustain economic growth for scaling new heights of becoming a$5 trillion

73、 economy coupled with crossing$2 trillion exports in the next few years.In sum,India appears geared to counter global headwinds and to be well on road to recovery.Indias own focused initiatives are likely to receive a boost from the recovery of the world trade and logistics environment.This recovery

74、 though,has again received a setback from the current ongoing war in Europe and the growing fears of recession in the world economies.After more than two years of crippling delays,due to Covid 19 leading to high congestion across major ports,shippers are finally witnessing significant improvement in

75、 both transit times and in port detentions of vessels and containers.Having suffered from the steep rise in maritime freight prices during the pandemic period,the industry is now on its path to normalization as rates have slowly crept lower in the last few months.This is thanks to the widespread imp

76、rovement in asset-utilisation across major ports and a consequent decrease in congestion.Average contract rates of major container carriers for westbound bookings from India to Europe have dropped by double digits during the current month from the levels reported in June22.The cost of shipping a 20f

77、t container from Nhava Sheva/JNPT or Mundra ports to London Gateway is now$4,200,which is 43%less than$6,009 a couple of months ago.For a 40ft box,rates are down to$5,200,from$7,141 a decrease of almost 37%.Indias commodity imports and exports are constantly increasing in value terms since Q1 of 202

78、2.Exports registered a growth of 25%till Q4 over Q1,whereas for the same period the import bills increased by 38%,negatively impacting the trade balance.However,the pace of growth of import bills is expected to slow down given the expected decrease in prices of key import commodities,mainly oil.But

79、the gradual end of post pandemic supply crunch is bracing for headwinds of softer demand and tightening market conditions as a result of ongoing inflationary pressures in major global economies and increasing geopolitical tensions.Global trade is being increasingly disrupted due to tariff tensions,p

80、olitical unpredictability,protectionist policies and regulatory uncertainty challenge established business models and trade relationships.Exhibit 2:Annual change in volume of world merchandise trade Source:Twenty-seventh WTO Trade Monitoring Report on G20 trade measures 3%0%-5%10%3%3%201820192020202

81、12022a2023a L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 23 Exhibit 3:Quarter-wise Exports-Imports(INR 000 Cr)from India FY 2022 Source:Ministry of Commerce and Industry,GoI India is now among the worlds five largest economies,doing even better when GDP

82、is measured on PPP basis.In order to improve faster,International Trade will have to be given a strong leg up,with Indian manufacturing becoming efficient producers of comparatively advantaged exports.This competitiveness of Indian goods is a crucial enabler for bolstering Indias economy and for ach

83、ieving the target of$2 trillion exports by 2030.Sustaining domestic consumption and enabling integration with global value chain is critical for Indias economic growth and logistics holds the key to both.A strengthened logistics ecosystem is going to form the backbone of Indias$5 trillion economy vi

84、sion.Government of Indias vision to ease the supply chain bottlenecks and expedite the development of an integrated logistics ecosystem is reflected in the scale of decisions and initiatives which have been undertaken in the recent past.The Government of India is now adopting specific strategies to

85、improve the global competitiveness of Indian goods by targeting to position itself among the top 25 countries in the Logistics Performance Index,reducing logistics cost comparable to global benchmarks and creating a technology enabled and data-driven logistics ecosystem in coming years.Envisaging th

86、e need of a network-wide collaboration on a marble-cake federalism theme,Government of India has launched the National Logistics Policy(NLP)on 17th September 2022,which will guide States/UTs in formulating and implementing their respective Logistics Policies.The Policy will be implemented through a

87、Comprehensive Logistics Action Plan(CLAP)that proposes interventions in key action areas of Integrated Digital Logistics Systems,Standardization of Physical Assets&benchmarking service quality standards in warehousing sector,Logistics Human Resources Development and Capacity Building,State Engagemen

88、t,EXIM Logistics,Service Improvement framework,and Sectoral Plan for Efficient Logistics.These key pillars are envisioned to boost EXIM as well as domestic trade and help reduce logistics cost.While NLP will strengthen Logistics Services and Systems,Government of Indias pioneering initiative of the

89、PM GatiShakti National Master Plan(PMGS-NMP)will focus on creation and improvement of multimodal logistics infrastructure in coordination with States/UTs and their agencies under one common platform unifying all decision-making levels,by removing silos.PMGS-NMP is a transformative approach towards i

90、ntegration and synchronization of efforts,prioritization of projects and optimization of cost and time so that the lack of coordination in infrastructure projects does not result in time and cost overruns.The Department of Expenditure,Government of India(GOI)has issued guidelines on Scheme for Speci

91、al Assistance to States for Capital Investment to provide financial assistance to the State Governments of Rs 1 lakh crore in the form of 50-year interest free loan for capital investment.Part-II of this Scheme is aimed at facilitating PM GatiShakti-related expenditure in the States for which a tota

92、l amount of Rs.5,000 crores have been earmarked.Additional amount may further be reallocated to Part II of the Scheme based on the response of the States and utilisation of funds.704761800880Q1Q2Q3Q4Exports(INR 000 Cr)9301,0881,2461,287Q1Q2Q3Q4Imports(INR 000 Cr)L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E

93、 a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 24 All The States have been sensitized about the Guidelines of Part-II of the Scheme,including institutional arrangements to be put in place,guiding principles for selection of projects and suggestive list of eligible categories of projects.For m

94、ore details,please refer Annexure-7 Unified Logistics Interface Platform(ULIP)and E-Logs initiatives are two key pillars of NLP.ULIP is conceptualized to provide an integrated platform that can be effectively utilized by the stakeholders to enhance efficiency,utilize technology,and reduce the cost o

95、f logistics in India while E-Logs is a dashboard for ease of logistics services envisages registering,coordinating,and monitoring resolution of logistics stakeholders issues E handbook on Warehousing Standards recently published by DPIIT,intends to bring in standardization of physical assets and ben

96、chmarking of Service Quality Standards by adoption of incentives,system of grading,rating and certification of excellence to promote optimization of assets and minimize handling of risks.The context of LEADS Keeping in mind the important role of States/UTs in the overall Logistics competence of the

97、country,the GOI initiatives has set a roadmap of Logistics excellence for States/UTs to adopt suitably in their own special environment.Yet,basic principles of logistics ease and efficiency are universal,and when they are converted to a set of Indicators which together form an Index,the comparative

98、assessment of States/UTs assume significance.The Logistics Division of DPIIT,Ministry of Commerce&Industry,undertakes an annual“Logistics Ease Across Different States(LEADS)”survey;based both on User/Service Provider perception and on Objective data;in all States/UTs to assess their logistics ecosys

99、tems and uses a robust statistical model to grade them on performance.This is the fourth attempt in five years after 2018,2019 and 2021 survey,to enumerate and analyse the LEADS survey results and seek learnings that will improve the logistics ecosystem of the entire network and reduce logistics cos

100、t for all stakeholders.L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 25 L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 26 Logistics Ease Across Different States(LEADS)2022 2 L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E

101、 a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 27 Logistics Ease Across Different States(LEADS)2022 A.LEADS context:The Government of India(GOI)has prioritised development of a robust,cost-efficient and high-quality logistics ecosystem through blend of technology,digitalisation,regulation,and

102、 standardisation coupled with highly skilled human resource.Envisaging the need of a network-wide collaboration on a marble-cake federalism theme,the Government of India has launched the National Logistics Policy(NLP)on 17th September 2022,which will guide States/UTs in formulating and implementing

103、their respective State Logistics Policies.While NLP will strengthen Logistics Services,Government of Indias pioneering initiative of the PM GatiShakti National Master Plan(PMGS-NMP)will focus on creation and improvement of multimodal logistics infrastructure in coordination with States/UTs and their

104、 agencies under one common platform by unifying all decision-making processes and removing silos.in continuation of the spirit of Centre-State cooperation,the NLP sets a standard of Logistics excellence for States/UTs to be adopted suitably in their own special environment.Yet,basic principles of lo

105、gistics ease and efficiency are universal,and when they are converted to a set of Indicators which together form an Index,the LEADS comparisons among States/UTs assume significance.The Logistics Division of DPIIT,Ministry of Commerce&Industry,undertakes an annual“Logistics Ease Across Different Stat

106、es(LEADS)”survey;based both on User/Service Provider perception and Objective data provided by States/UT;in all States/UTs to assess the logistics ecosystem and uses a robust statistical model to grade them on performance.The LEADS study focuses on providing a common platform for a consultative and

107、collaborative framework for the Central and State Governments to work in a coordinated manner in the logistic sector.The objective of LEADS is to channelize focus on bringing out the existing challenges and issues,the States/UTs are facing with regard to their logistics ecosystems and acts as a feed

108、back mechanism to address the inefficiencies via policy or physical interventions,as may be required.The study provides an opportunity to identify the interplay among various stakeholders engaged in the fragmented logistics sector.It is also a reflection of ground reality,as the subjective perceptio

109、ns of users and service providers,obtained through a carefully designed sampling technique which are comprehensive enough to provide a clear picture of States/UTs logistics ecosystem.This perception is further blended with Objective data and the concerned States/UTs feedback to arrive at an Index-ba

110、sed grouping.LEADS is therefore a combination of both objective data and perception of relevant stakeholders in logistics,based on identified indicators,which constitute an Index.LEADS also provides indicator-level assessments of performance and logistics ecosystem on specific dimensions.Ministry of

111、 Commerce&Industry(MoCI)undertook LEADS study to gauge the experience of industry players and stakeholders involved in key value chains.While the gains from this exercise are important,in that they help analyse,monitor and plan logistics efficiency and its improvement,it still does not account for t

112、he varying operating circumstances,resource availability,geographical factors,among other things,across all States/UTs.But this study certainly acts as an informed perceptive guide to further deliberations,identification of potential focus areas,and setting priorities for strategic plans.B.Evolution

113、 of LEADS)over the years:LEADS is an annual study conducted by Logistics Division,Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade,which is entrusted with the responsibility to measure the logistics performance of States,to help in informed policy L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A

114、 c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 28 interventions and action plans and to implement them strategically.“LEADS 2018”focused on international trade(EXIM)and provided a useful starting point in assessing the efficiency of logistics ecosystem in each State and UT.In the second edition of th

115、e study “LEADS 2019”,the Ministry expanded coverage to include both international and domestic trades.The two LEADS exercises have served the purpose of initiating a dialogue amongst all stakeholders,including Central and State Governments,as also the private sector,to improve the efficiency of the

116、States/UTs logistics ecosystem.The LEADS initiative had already introduced constructive competition and excitement amongst States.This is now to be taken to the next level though greater engagement with the States/UTs.In this regard,the Logistics Division of MoCI initiated the third edition of the s

117、tudy “LEADS 2021”.Like“LEADS 2019”,the 2021 edition focuses on both international and domestic trade.However,while LEADS 2018 and 2019 editions were perception-based,“LEADS 2021”introduced objective parameters in the index formulation by engaging with all the States/UTs for the first time.LEADS 2022

118、 framework:LEADS 2022 continues to focus on indicators introduced across three established pillars as 1.Infrastructure-covers 4 indicators related to quality of available Logistics Infrastructure 2.Services-covers 7 indicators related to quality of service,price reasonableness(freight rates&terminal

119、 services),timeliness(transportation&terminal services),safety and security(transportation&terminal services)and track&trace 3.Operating&Regulatory Environment-covers 4 indicators related to extent of facilitation offered by the State/UT,ease of obtaining all approvals,inter-state border movement an

120、d clearance and last,efficiency of regulatory services.The LEADS 2022 survey assesses viewpoints of various users and stakeholders across the value chain viz Shippers,Terminal Infrastructure Service Providers,Logistics Service Providers,Transporters and Government agencies,to understand the enabler

121、and impediment elements to the logistics ecosystem in the country.Anecdotal evidence,gathered on the basis of industry interactions,also forms a key part of the framework.These would be a guide to key issues and challenges in the industry.The annual survey processes data received from stakeholders a

122、nd States/UTs.It grades logistics ecosystem of each State/UT based on perception inputs from stakeholders and objective data for respective States/UTs using a statistical model.The LEADS Study considers inputs from the States and UTs through an evidence-based objective survey to map their initiative

123、s and improvements in all three categories.It has been considered prudent to utilize the same statistical methodology as in the last round,LEADS 2021.The Structured Equation Modelling(SEM)methodology for undertaking a Confirmatory Factor Analysis(CFA)has been found useful for preparation of LEADS 20

124、22 index.C.Learnings from 2021 LEADS exercise and resultant modifications made to LEADS 2022:i.LEADS 2021:LEADS 2021 successfully established a robust mechanism to capture key issues and challenges of the stakeholders through its comprehensive set of 17 perception-based indicators(covering infrastru

125、cture,services,and the regulatory framework)dovetailed with State/UT specific objective(data based)indicators.Anecdotal evidence(gathered on the basis of industry interactions)is embedded in the study as a key part of the framework to understand issues further.LEADS 2021 was conducted predominantly

126、on a virtual platform owing to the Covid-19 pandemic related travel restrictions.LEADS 2021 exercise garnered a total of 3,771 responses out of which 3,363 responses were considered after data cleaning.ii.LEADS 2021 key findings:In LEADS 2021,Gujarat,Haryana and Punjab emerged as the top three perfo

127、rmers.Western India led by L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 29 Gujarat and Maharashtra exhibited good performance on nearly all perception indicators leading to understanding that these States have a well-established logistics ecosystem in re

128、lation to the current demand of such services.Southern India on the other hand fared in the average to good range across indicators.Eastern States depicted an average rating across parameters in LEADS 2021 index.Except few States,overall Operating and Regulatory Environment across States was registe

129、red in average to good range.Northern States such as Haryana,Punjab and Uttar Pradesh endorsed good scores(highest in few individual indicators)across categories.Uttar Pradesh clocked the highest jump in ranking compared to the previous year with a leap of 7 places to claim 6th Rank.iii.Learnings fr

130、om LEADS 2021 LEADS 2022 is led by learnings and lessons taken from the previous years exercises.The questionnaire has been revised based on respondents feedback.It has been consolidated into a robust survey instrument and pilot tested with key stakeholders for suitability in terms of data collectio

131、n and relevant trends being captured.New questions have been added to reflect major initiatives undertaken over the past year and cover the evolving spread of issues and challenges.The number of perception-based indicators have been revised to 15 from 17(in 2021)whereas objective indicators have bee

132、n retained at the earlier 4.a)Value addition in LEADS 2022:Following revisions were undertaken in the latest study based on feedback from stakeholders and operating environment:D.Perception Indicators Three Pillars of LEADS study,i.e.,Infrastructure,Services and Regulatory environment define the bas

133、ic structure of Logistics ecosystem.These pillars have independent identities but,play a conjoined role in deciding overall Logistics cost and user experience.Therefore,it is imperative to extensively study all three pillars.To achieve the vision of LEADS study,these three pillars are further broken

134、 into various sub indicators.LEADS 2022 not only assesses perception of private stakeholders but also the facilitation provided by State/UTs in logistics sector through various policy initiatives and interventions.Another important aspect of State Engagement that has been captured through this surve

135、y is action taken by States/UTs in respect of the recommendations made in LEADS 2021 report and State feedback on observations indicated by stakeholders in existing survey.Physical visits v/s virtual rollout in 2021 due to Covid restrictionsMode of operation More than 40%higher v/s LEADS 2021Sample

136、collection:2,140+respondents 6,583+responsesNumbers achievedPerception survey:15 questions v/s 21,Part B removedObjective survey:3 additional questionOptimized questionnaire lengthData analytics to derive deeper insights from survey findingsData based insights in reportTo avoid respondent fatigue an

137、d capture valuable insightsGranular anecdotal insights from IndustryWider reach-out and deeper connect with industry and StatesData driven insights L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 30 Apart from the data available in public domain on key para

138、meters like road/rail network,warehouse capacity,etc.,it was also captured from States/UTs and Line Ministries in respect of terminal infrastructures like ICD,CFS,Air cargo terminals,etc.Given the nature of this study,the focus was only on infrastructure related data sets.The perception survey quest

139、ionnaire was circulated to industry stakeholders in the form of physical as well as online survey.In LEADS 2022,52%more responses have been collected as compared to the previous years reports,taking the overall number of responses to 6,583 from 2,140 respondents.LEADS Study has established itself as

140、 a validated and accepted mechanism for measuring efficiency of the logistics ecosystem of the State/UT.Hence,LEADS 2022 continues with the Index being a combination of perception and objective data-based indicators.Perception questions are administered to private players and objective data queries

141、to the State/UT Governments.Survey instrument(perception-based):Comparison and Revisions undertaken to the survey instrument The perception-based questions focus on the now well-established framework of Infrastructure,Services,and Regulatory and operating environment.A detailed comparison of the Ind

142、icators in LEADS 2021 and the respective changes in LEADS 2022 Perception based Survey questionnaire and associated indicators are listed in Annexure-1 Exhibit 4:LEADS 2022(Perception Survey)Indicators and Comparison with LEADS 2021 InfrastructureServicesRegulatory FrameworkQuality of available Road

143、 infrastructure Quality of available Rail infrastructure Quality of Multimodal terminalQuality of WarehousingQuality of Unimodal terminalLEAD 2021 IndicatorsQuality of logistics services offered by LSPQuality of Logistics Service ProvidersReasonableness of transportation pricesReasonableness of term

144、inal pricesTimeliness of cargo delivery w.r.t transportationTimeliness of cargo delivery w.r.t terminal servicesAvailability of mobile/internet connectivitySafety/security of cargo during transportationSafety/security of cargo at terminalsExtent of facilitation provided by the State Government/UT fo

145、r encouraging logisticsEfficiency of regulatory processLEAD 2022 IndicatorsQuality of Road infrastructure Quality of Rail infrastructure Quality of terminal InfrastructureQuality of Warehousing InfrastructureQuality of modal logistics services Quality of Services at terminalsReasonableness of prices

146、 of logistics servicesTimeliness of cargo delivery w.r.t transportationAbility to track and trace Safety/security of cargo within State/UTPromoting,incentivising and facilitating creation,management and operation of logistics infrastructure and encouraging efficient logistics services Ease of obtain

147、ing all approvals for setting up warehouse infrastructure Satisfaction withlogistics issues related grievance redressal mechanismEase of entry in the selected State/UT from a neighbouring State/UTTimeliness of cargo delivery w.r.t terminal servicesEase of obtaining approvals L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g

148、i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 31 Perception based Indicators definition:The three Pillars of LEADS 2022 study(Infrastructure,Services and Operating and Regulatory Environment)are covered through 15 Indicators.The indicators and their coverage area for study are l

149、isted below in Exhibit 5:Exhibit 5:Perception based indicators and their coverage Pillars Indicators Coverage Infrastructure Quality of Road Infrastructure Road network and associated physical infrastructure such as road condition,Capacity utilisation,signage,lighting,vehicle refuelling services,tol

150、l,Parking,Lay-bys,State border points,etc.Quality of Rail Infrastructure Sufficiency of Rail tracks,congestion on rail networks etc.Quality of Terminal Infrastructure ICDs,CFSs,AFSs,PFTs,MMLP,port terminals,airport terminals,logistics parks,inland waterway terminals,dry ports,Land Custom Stations,Ro

151、ad-based terminals,transport nagar,LCS/LCP etc.Quality of Warehousing Infrastructure Warehouses including silos/bulk storage,consolidation centres,cold storages,packhouses,ripening chambers,reefer vans etc.Services Quality of Modal Logistics Services Haulage/transportation by different modes,termina

152、l operations including handling and storage of cargo,customs broking,and value-added services like consolidation,repackaging,labelling,last-mile connectivity,etc.Quality of Services at terminals Competency of transport providers,truck drivers,freight forwarders,custom house agents,MTOs etc.Reasonabl

153、eness of prices of logistics services Road Freight Rates,Terminal Charges,Charges by Service providers such as Shipping Lines,Transporters and Freight Forwarders etc.Timeliness of cargo delivery w.r.t transportation Delivery within schedule/expected time within a State/UT Timeliness of cargo deliver

154、y w.r.t terminal services Reasonable time taken for terminal operations viz.,time taken in stuffing up a cargo,customs broking time,dispatch waiting period,etc.Ability to track and trace Ease of tracking and tracing of the cargo movement and condition from First mile to last mile.Safety/security of

155、cargo within State/UT Consistency in delivery without damage/deterioration/pilferage/loss of cargo and to the truck due to logistics inefficiencies or accidents or thefts during transportation of goods Operating and Regulatory Environment Promoting,incentivising,and facilitating creation,management

156、and operation of logistics infrastructure and encouraging efficient logistics services Existence and effectiveness of policies related to single window clearances,logistics/labour,ease of availing land and ancillary facilities,maintenance of law and order,and provision and implementation of tax brea

157、ks/subsidies/access to credit etc.Satisfaction with logistics issues related grievance redressal mechanism Provision of effective system to ensure grievance redressal and dispute resolution etc.Ease of obtaining all approvals for setting up warehouse infrastructure Approvals related to Warehouses in

158、cluding silos/bulk storage,consolidation centres,Cold storages,packhouses etc.Ease of entry in the selected State/UT from a neighbouring State/UT Presence of Check posts,easy RTO and Police regulations and implementation of Smart enforcement system L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o

159、 s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 32 Quality of available Infrastructure(Rail,Road,Terminals and Warehouses):The quality of available Infrastructure in terms of accessibility,connectivity,cargo handling and storage is the preliminary parameter in root-cause analysis of logistics ecosystem.Infr

160、astructure drives the overall quality of logistics services such as timeliness,prices being paid and safety security of cargo and while in-transit.Infrastructure quality also creates the perception about the proactive approach by States/UTs for betterment of Logistics ecosystem.Quality of modal logi

161、stics Services and Service Providers(Modal Logistics Services and Services at Terminal):Extensive deliberations with multiple expert groups from industry and Government to develop LEADS 2021 indicators helped establish how the logistics ecosystem could be evaluated in a holistic way and bottlenecks

162、be identified.The root cause analysis(deliberations)ultimately led to the basic premise of availability and quality of logistics.it was concluded that availability is necessary but not sufficient for logistics infrastructure.Hence,to understand the ecosystem,it is imperative to understand the“qualit

163、y”of logistics.The quality of available infrastructure dictates the price being paid for the service,thereby driving service levels.Hence the shift in indicators from availability(in“LEADS 2019”)to quality of infrastructure.Since the objective was to identify at which leg of the supply chain issues

164、were being faced,infrastructure construct was further broken into infrastructure subgroups of transportation(rail,road)and terminal infrastructure(multi-modal,unimodal,and warehousing).Reasonableness of Prices of Logistics Services:The indicator aims to determine the respondents perception of reason

165、ableness of cost for services being availed.Pricing is a derivative of multiple factors like infrastructure available,nature of market(fragmented or organized),demand for the service etc.Continuing with the aim to identify at which leg of supply chain is the issue being faced,the indicator is furthe

166、r broken down in terms of reasonableness of prices for transportation and for terminal service.Timeliness of Cargo Delivery with respect to Transportation and Terminal Services:This indicator dictates the bottlenecks in the logistics ecosystem.Any delay in delivery of goods occurs mainly at two stag

167、es,first when the cargo is in transit and the second at storage/transit centre such as depots,warehouses,and freight terminals.Both these aspects have been considered in the study.Ability to track and trace:Track and trace is enabled by GPS or SIM-based tracking,which depends on the availability of

168、the cellular mobile network for accuracy.Better the network services in a State,lesser the blind spots in connectivity and the higher the real-time cargo visibility.Ease of track and trace is enabled by strong mobile network strength in the States/UTs.Safety/Security of Cargo:It has been observed th

169、at cargo pilferage happens during transportation or during storage at terminals.The indicator maps user perception about any such experience(in the recent past)to accurately identifying gaps in safety and security and help the responsible agency to implement counter measures to reduce such instances

170、.Promoting,incentivising,facilitating and investing in creation,management and operation of logistics infrastructure and encouraging efficient logistics services:LEADS 2021 identified the extent of facilitation provided by State/UT for enabling logistics while LEADS 2022 took an extensive study to u

171、nderstand the perception in Users mind regarding the action taken by the states/UTs in promoting,incentivising,and facilitating for creation,management and operation of logistics infrastructure and encouraging efficient logistics services in the State.State policies are the driving force for any sec

172、tor to thrive in the State in an organised and efficient manner.Satisfaction with logistics issues related grievance redress mechanism:This Indicator helps in understanding perception about the promptness of the State in handling the users grievances and disputes through effective and responsive red

173、ressal mechanism.Ease of obtaining all approvals for setting up warehouse infrastructure:This indicator was part of LEADS 2021 and has been retained in the study.Warehousing Infrastructure is an important component in terms of extent of services,capital investment,required land and approvals.L E A D

174、 S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 33 Perception about States policies and ease of documentation for obtaining approvals for setting up Warehouses such as CLU,Pollution NOC,Fire department approval etc.is the essence of this indicator.Ease of entry in

175、 the selected State/UT from a neighbouring State/UT:In India,diverse policies across States play a major role in determining the interstate cargo movement.Ease of entry from any State depends upon various factors such as policy by the State for checking,number of check posts,effective policy enforce

176、ment by police and RTO officials,use of Smart Enforcement System etc.Perception under this category encapsulates both the effectiveness of checks,as also delays that it entails.E.Objective Indicators:The Objective indicators diagnose the logistics ecosystem in the State/UT through enabling initiativ

177、es undertaken by respective State/UT and use of available secondary data points.Part I Part I of the survey comprises 13 binary Questions,which collectively are considered as a single indicator for Statistical analysis.Questions under this indicator are used to assess various initiatives undertaken

178、by States such as policy formation,institutional set up,regulatory improvements,and other related initiatives for promoting and facilitating efficient logistics infrastructure and services.As a part of data authenticity process,States/UTs had to also provide documentary evidence against the binary q

179、uestions where the response was mentioned as“Yes”.This survey was administered to all 36 States and UTs.The framework for binary questions is presented in the Annexure-3 Part II Secondary data sets:A set of 20 questions related to availability of logistics infrastructure,services and facilities in t

180、he States were included in the objective survey to map available logistics at State/UT level.To ensure authenticity and reduce variation,all responses from States/UTs were reconfirmed with respective States/UTs before using the data in Statistical analysis.Received data variables were also compared

181、with the data sourced from the repository of different Central Line Ministries and Government organizations.A detailed matrix of secondary data used in statistical modelling,normalizing parameter and for state analysis is represented in Exhibit 6 below:Exhibit 6:Details of Secondary data Sr.No.Varia

182、bles Year Source Used for statistical analysis 1 Total Length of State Highways Replaced with proxy variable-State wise Capital Outlay on Roads and Bridges Average of(2018-19,2019-20,2020-21)2018-19,2019-20,2020-21 States/UTs budget data 2 Total Length of District Roads 3 Total Length of Urban Roads

183、 4 Total Length of Rural Roads 5 Total Length of Village Roads 6 Total no.of registered Goods Commercial Vehicles(GCVs)2020-21 MoRTH(VAAHAN data)and State data 7 No.of CFSs 2020-21 IMC List and State Data 8 No.of ICDs 2021-22 IMC List 9 No.of PFTs 2020-21 FOIS 10 No.of Railway Good sheds 2020-21 FOI

184、S and State Data 11 No.of Air cargo terminals/AFSs 2020-21 MoCA and State data 12 Capacity of cold storages(MT)2020-21 MoCAF&PD and State data 13 Capacity of warehouses(MT)2020-21 WDRA and State Data 14 Total number of training centres for logistics 2019-20 MoSDE and State data 15 Number of individu

185、als,trained in logistics training 2019-20 MoSDE and State data 16 Subsidy data from TIES,State wise average of(2017-18,2018-19,2019-20,2020-21)2017-18,2018-19,DPIIT,MoCI L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 34 Sr.No.Variables Year Source 2019-20,

186、2020-21 17 Ease of Doing Business(EoDB)2019-20 DPIIT-Business Reform Action Plan 18 Number of road accidents during the year of Goods Commercial Vehicles 2019-20 MoRTH Used as normalizing parameter 1 Gross State Value Added(GSVA)2019-20 MOSPI 2 Total geographical area of the State/UT 2020-21 FRI Deh

187、radun website Used for States analysis/insights 1 Total no.of registered drivers of GCVs 2020-21 MoRTH(SARATHI data)and State data 2 Total forest cover of the State/UT 2019-20 FRI Dehradun website In line with the idea of introducing objectivity to the index,proxy variables were utilised in case the

188、 direct,quantifiable measures were not available for all the objective parameters.For instance,for road infrastructure(State Highway/District/Urban/Rural/Village),the available data was outdated and not available for every State.Hence total CAPEX on roads and bridges done by States/UTs has been cons

189、idered as a proxy measure of infrastructure creation.On the terminal infrastructure availability front,number of CFS/ICD/PFT/Railway goods sheds have been used to assess the extent of logistics network that has been developed at the State/UT level Critical support infrastructure in terms of capacity

190、 of cold storage,general warehouse and available capacity has been used as provided by States and available with Warehouse Development and Regulatory Authority.Ease of Doing Business(EoDB)rankings and Trade Infrastructure for Export Scheme(TIES)a subsidy provided by Centre to the States/UTs for deve

191、lopment of export infrastructure-have been retained as a parameter.Gross State Value Added(GSVA)and geographical areas have been used as normalising factors.Survey instrument(Objective):Comparison and revisions undertaken to the survey instrument:LEADS 2022 Objective-based questions also deep-dive i

192、nto the aspects of logistics policy framework,institutional mechanism,first/last mile connectivity,bottlenecks/choke-points and PM-GatiShakti-led initiatives and reforms.Few changes in Objective Survey Questionnaire have been undertaken in LEADS 2022.A detailed comparison of LEADS 2021 and LEADS 202

193、2 Objective Questionnaire is attached in Annexure-3 As a result of the above exercise,four indicators were arrived at for objective data set using the following methodology:Indicator I consolidation of part I of the Objective questionnaire(binary questions).Indicator II Out of these 20 questions in

194、Part II of the Objective questionnaire,11 data variables on availability of logistics infrastructure,services and facilities have been clubbed together as a single indicator.Annexure-3 illustrates the usage of parameters and its normalisation factor.The usage of data in statistical model including n

195、ormalisation factors were finalised with the expert committee.After normalisation,a total score was generated,which was categorised using a class interval of 1-5.This objective score was considered a measure of the quality of infrastructure data to be included in the Infrastructure construct and was

196、 named“Assessment of variables of logistics ease”.Indicator III Range Scaled EoDB Ranks:EoDB is considered as an index to rank the States on the regulatory policies and ecosystem which directly affects businesses in the State.The EoDB Index for individual State was included in the overall model.The

197、rankings of the States were categorised into separate class intervals before including them in the model.This objective variable was named“Range Scaled EoDB Ranks”and was included in the Operating and Regulatory Environment.L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S

198、t a t e s Page 35 Indicator IV Trade Infrastructure Export Subsidy(TIES)Outlay:Trade Infrastructure Export Subsidy(TIES)Outlay:It is a Government of India Scheme to assist Central and State Government agencies for creation of appropriate infrastructure for growth of exports from the States/UTs.TIES

199、was launched in the year 2017.This parameter was also considered as one of the objective variables included in the Operating and Regulatory Environment.An average of the subsidy across multiple years was calculated.Class intervals were calculated based on the average amount of subsidy for the States

200、.This objective variable was named as“TIES Outlay”.A detailed matrix of data used for statistical modelling,normalizing parameters and State/UT level analysis is presented in Annexure-4 F.Overall indicator set for LEADS 22 index including perception and objective data:Overall,combining 15 perception

201、 indicators and 4 objective indicators,a total of 19 indicators have been used for Statistical analysis which is represented in the Exhibit 7 below.Exhibit 7:LEADS 2022 Index Combination of Perception and Objective Data based Indicators G.Framework,data&methodology including statistical modelling i.

202、Sampling:The table below enlists industry stakeholders which were covered for the perception-based survey under four broad categories:Traders and Shippers(TS)(Exporters/Importers)Transport Service providers(TSP)-Road hauliers,Rail operators,Container train operators,Airlines,and Shipping lines Termi

203、nal Infrastructure Service Providers(TISP)-Surface transport based terminal operators(CFS/ICD/PFT/AFS),Warehouse operators,Cold storages,Port terminal operators,Air cargo Terminal operators,etc.Logistics Service Providers-freight forwarders,express carriers,customs brokers,multimodal transport opera

204、tors,and air cargo agents,etc.With ease in travel restrictions,the LEADS 2022 Survey was initiated in April 2022.Physical meetings were held with more than 20 National Associations of Logistics sector and more than 75 Regional Associations across the country operating in the sector.Their active part

205、icipation resulted in more than 6,000 responses being collated.The States/UTs extended their support by providing necessary data pertaining to the objective survey(in addition to 8 Central Line Ministries).The list below shows a comparison of LEADS 2021 and LEADS 2022 data collection:LEADS 2022Index

206、2120Questions in LEADS 2021151311Statistical modelSEMSEM151No.of Indicators 1MoCI dataStates/UTsNodal officersObjective Questions-assessment of initiative and enablement of Logistics by States/UTsObjective assessment assessment of available Logistics Infrastructure/Services data basedTrade Infrastru

207、cture for Export Scheme(TIES)assistance utilized by StatesDPIIT dataEase of Doing Business Ranking(EoDB)11127201Questions in LEADS 2022Private sectorPerception indicators focus on assessment of quality,efficiency of transport and terminal logistics Infrastructure and logsistics Services L E A D S 2

208、0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 36 Description LEADS 2021 LEADS 2022%Change Respondents 1,405 2,140+52%Responses 3,771 6,583+75%Meetings 500+600+20%The LEADS 2022 survey also involves a component of PM-Gati Shakti initiative(PMGS),as PMGS is playing a c

209、rucial role in developing a robust logistics visualisation platform in close coordination with BISAG-N.As on date,more than 900 essential data layers have been integrated by the States/UTs on the PMGS National Master Plan platform.The States of Gujarat,Karnataka,Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh have bee

210、n leading in the process of integration of essential data layers Survey Instrument finalization:Discussions were held with experts to design the perception and objective survey instruments.The design of the survey instrument is one of the critical aspects of successful capture of respondents percept

211、ions accurately.The designed survey instruments went through multiple iterations to make them accurate,pinpointed,and comprehensive so as to elicit a proper response from the stakeholders.The survey instruments were then subjected to pilot testing sessions with actual stakeholders from the logistics

212、 sector to understand their perspectives.After multiple rounds of iterations and modifications,the survey instrument was finalized.Perception survey questionnaire is enclosed as Annexure-1 to this report.Objective survey is enclosed as Annexure-3 to this report.Database of respondents Exhibit 8:Stak

213、eholder categories for LEADS survey Sampling The next step was to arrive at the right sample size,across States and stakeholders.Considering that the sampling frame was segregated as per State and different stakeholder groups/sub-2 Cochrans formula for sample size determination is an accepted practi

214、ce in the domain of statistics for small or large population sizes groups,the sample size needed to be customised.Cochrans formula2 was used to calculate sample sizes for each States stratum(category of stakeholders).(Cochran,W.G,“Sampling Techniques”,John Wiley and Sons,3rd Edition,1991)2Trader/Shi

215、pperTerminal Infrastructure Service Provider31Transport Service ProviderLogistics Services Provider4 L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 37 N:Population Size Z:Critical Value of desired Confidence Level(min:90%,max:99%)P:Population proportion wi

216、th homogeneous characteristics(90%)d:Margin of error(Sampling error Data Collection To collate a population set of the above categories,industry and trade associations and chambers of commerce were approached.Respondents were contacted through multiple means.The exhibit 6 below represents the mode o

217、f capturing responses.Exhibit 9:Survey administration tools A total of 6.583 responses from 2,104 respondents were collected as part of the LEADS 2022 exercise.Data was collected from all the four categories of respondents identified earlier.Distribution of responses is presented in the Exhibit 10 b

218、elow:Exhibit 10:Respondents data sharing percentage Data Analysis For all of 6,583 responses,data was cleaned,and only valid responses,i.e.,responses where more than 50%of the data exists,totalling 5,130 were used for analysis.Each of the objective parameters used for statistical analysis was normal

219、ised either using Gross State Value Addition(GSVA)for Industry and Agriculture or the States Geographical Area.Annexure-4 illustrates the usage of parameters and its normalisation factor.After normalisation,a total score was generated,which was categorised using a class interval of 1-5.This objectiv

220、e score was considered a measure of the quality of infrastructure data to be included in the infrastructure construct.1Web enabled portals and emails4Face to face meetings3Videoconferencing2Telephonic discussion41%18%9%32%Trader/ShipperTransport Service ProviderTerminal Infrastructure Service Provid

221、erLogistics Service Provider L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 38 EoDB index for individual States was included in the overall model.This Index is meant to measure regulations directly affecting businesses.The rankings of the States were categ

222、orised into separate class intervals before including them in the model.This objective variable was included in the Operating and Regulatory Environment.TIES outlay was also considered as one of the objective variables included in the Operating and Regulatory Environment.An average of the subsidy ac

223、ross multiple years was calculated.Class intervals were calculated based on the average amount of subsidy for the States/UTs.Statistical modelling In this edition of the LEADS report,latent variables,or constructs(dimensions of Infrastructure,Services and Regulatory)have been defined in a way that t

224、hey are composed of a number of indicators/questions,making the measurement more detailed in nature.The perception questions and the objective variables,illustrated in previous sections,were considered as observable variables.A confirmatory factor analysis approach using Structured Equation Modellin

225、g(SEM)was adopted where the measurement models and paths were defined to depict the relationship between constructs,the respective observed variables,and the overall dependent variable.The model was executed using Latent Variable Analysis(LAVAAN)package in R a statistical analysis software package.T

226、he“Assessment of Variables of Logistics Ease”variable that reflected the quality of infrastructure was included in the infrastructure latent construct.The other objective variables such as the”Range scaled EoDB ranks”,subsidy and the regulatory policy indicated by States“States logistics enabling in

227、itiatives”were included in the Regulatory Environment latent construct.For parameter estimation,the Pairwise Maximum Likelihood Estimation method34 was used.During model implementation,goodness-of-fit indices such as chi-square,root mean standard error of approximation(RMSEA),Confirmatory Fit Index(

228、CFI)were examined at every iteration.The CFI was observed to be 0.912,and RMSEA was found to be 0.078.The factor scores of the 3 constructs:Infrastructure,Services and Regulation were utilised to arrive at gradings for States/UTs.Weighting In this round of LEADS survey the highest number of response

229、s have been collected compared to the past editions.However,collecting a greater number of responses could possibly introduce biases due to over-representation of respondents with particular characteristics.Consequently,the current round of data has been weighted to maintain similar proportion as in

230、 LEADS 2021.Cluster-based Grading LEADS 2022 has shifted from a purely rank-based listing to a much more holistic grading system.The primary classification is based on geographies or clusters.Within this classification,the States have been graded based on buckets;the ranges of which are derived from

231、 the scores formulated using the SEM model.Given the vast demographic profile of India,each State/UT has its own enablers and challenges related to its geographical characteristics.Thus,it is important to assess the States/UTs with respect to their profile.Insights in the LEADS report are presented

232、with due consideration to the context(influenced largely by Geography)in which stakeholders and States have to deliver Logistics services.It is imperative that this aspect is reflected in grading as well.As a result,4 separate clusters have been formulated within which the States/UTs have been categ

233、orized:1.Landlocked:States that are landlocked and are away from the coast 2.Coastal:States that are on the coastline of the country 3.North-Eastern Region(NER):States that are considered to be part of political and administrative part of North East Region 4.Union Territories(UT):Territories that ar

234、e governed,in part of whole,by the Government of India 3 Katsikatsou,M,Moutaki,I and Jamil,H,“Pairwise Likelihood estimation for confirmatory factor analysis models with ordinal variables and data that are missing at random”,British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology,November 2018,4“

235、The Pairwise Likelihood Method for Structural Equation Modelling with ordinal variables and data with missing values using the R package lavaan”,https:/users.ugent.be/yrosseel/lavaan/pml/PL_Tutorial.pdf L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 39 Exh

236、ibit 11:The list of the states within each clusters:Landlocked Bihar Chhattisgarh Haryana Himachal Pradesh Jharkhand Madhya Pradesh Punjab Rajasthan Telangana Uttar Pradesh Uttarakhand Coastal Andhra Pradesh Goa Gujarat Karnataka Kerala Maharashtra Odisha Tamil Nadu West Bengal North-East Region(NER

237、)Arunachal Pradesh Assam Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Sikkim Tripura Union Territories(UT)Andaman&Nicobar Chandigarh Daman&Diu/Dadra&Nagar Haveli Delhi Jammu&Kashmir Ladakh Lakshadweep Puducherry Shift from ranking to grading in LEADS 2022:Previously,States/UTs were ranked based on their logis

238、tics ecosystem.However,it was felt that the phenomenal work which has been done in the last one year by States towards logistics ecosystem improvement cannot be properly appreciated through a ranking framework.The scores and resultant ranks of States/UTs have in all previous occasions been arrived a

239、t using different sample sizes and intra-category compositions,varying weights applied to the broader Indicator categories(Infrastructure,Services and Regulation)as also to stakeholder groups.All these issues,mostly uncontrollable because of a constantly shifting stakeholder profile and a very stron

240、g recency bias,make differentiation in perceptions of logistics competence among States/UTs very unclear and indistinct.Adapting the evaluation framework of the recently released Business Reforms Action Plan5,in LEADS 2022 there is a shift from one uniform ranking.All the States/UTs in their respect

241、ive clusters(based on geographical profile),are grouped into three grades based on the percentage score ranges.A percentage score indicates how well a State or UT has performed in comparison to the Top State/UT within the specific cluster.The States/UTs with similar percentage score range have been

242、graded in a common group.5 Business Reforms Action Plan(dpiit.gov.in)accessed at Business Reforms Action Plan(dpiit.gov.in)LEADS 2022 categorizes States based on their geographic demographics into 4 categories of Landlocked,coastal,northeastern regions and Union Territories.For grading each of these

243、 categories in into three categories.The“Achievers”are States which have shown exemplary logistics ecosystems with exceptional infrastructure and transparent regulatory processes.The“Fast Movers”are States who are moving towards becoming Achievers by notifying progressive policy and legislatives ini

244、tiatives along with new infrastructure projects.Finally,we have the“Aspirers”States which have initiated their journey towards logistics ease and excellence by adopting national best practices to further improve their contribution towards Indias emerging position as a global manufacturing and logist

245、ics hub.Accordingly,three percentage-based grades are as follows:Achievers:Above 90%of the highest scoring state(at 100%)Fast Movers:80%to 90%of the highest scoring state(at 100%)Aspirers:Below 80%of the highest scoring state(at 100%)Based on the above approach,results of cluster-based grading are i

246、llustrated below.The States and UTs are listed in each group in alphabetical order.L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 40 Exhibit 12:LEADS 2022 grading of States/UT across cluster Categories Achievers Fast movers Aspirers Landlocked states Uttar

247、akhand,Himachal Pradesh,Haryana,Punjab,Telangana,Uttar Pradesh Madhya Pradesh,Rajasthan Bihar,Chhattisgarh,Jharkhand Coastal states Maharashtra,Odisha,Andhra Pradesh,Gujarat,Karnataka,Tamil Nadu Kerala Goa,West Bengal North Eastern Region Assam Sikkim,Tripura Arunachal Pradesh,Manipur,Meghalaya,Mizo

248、ram,Nagaland UTs Chandigarh,Delhi Puducherry Andaman&Nicobar,Daman Diu&Dadara and Nagar Haveli,Jammu&Kashmir,Ladakh,Lakshadweep Creation of separate North-eastern States In the NER states,the geographical positioning,terrain,resource base and economic activity at large act as natural deterrents to d

249、evelopment of a robust logistics infrastructure and its effective management.Hence,the region is considered as a separate category for ranking.Limited access points,mostly via the(inefficient)ecosystems in West Bengal and centred primarily around Assam within the NER,only increase time and cost of c

250、argo movement to/from the region.Lack of major industries/production centres across the entire region discourage logistics infrastructure development and the States difficult terrain makes operation and management of logistics challenging.NER is a consumption-based economy with little to offer for r

251、eturn cargo.This fact itself makes the region a high-cost logistics territory.The entire region encounters similar kinds of challenges,and it appears as though it is one large homogeneous territory with its centre in Assam.Though efforts are underway to develop connectivity and build infrastructure

252、in States other than Assam,it will take time for the focus to shift.The NER has a unique status in the national economy,and it currently enjoys a determined developmental focus.Putting these States at the bottom of all States ranking would be discouraging for them,as also an unfair comparison.In any

253、 case,the model applied for determining grading for NE States and others is the same.Keeping all the points above in view,putting these States as a special and exclusive set,in one lot and grading them within was therefore considered as justified.Creation of other Union Territories The regulatory se

254、t-up in UTs is different as compared to other States.Limited area,and lack of industrial zones are factors that reduce scope of development of logistics infrastructure and robust service deliveries.As a result,the demand in these centres is largely catered by support from infrastructure/service prov

255、iders in adjacent States.As a result,UTs as a group was treated separately.Puducherry,Ladakh,Daman&Diu and Dadra&Nagar Haveli,Andaman&Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep have been excluded from grading due to inadequacy of responses in the survey.L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D

256、 i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 41 L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 42 Exhibit 13:LEADS 2022 indicator-wise grading and heat maps Bihar Chhattisgarh Haryana Himachal Pradesh Jharkhand Madhya Pradesh Punjab Rajasthan Telangana Uttar Pradesh

257、Uttarakhand Andhra Pradesh Goa Gujarat Karnataka Kerala Maharashtra Road infrastructure Rail infrastructure Terminal infrastructure Warehousing infrastructure Modal logistics services Quality of services at terminals Reasonableness of prices of logistics services Timeliness-transportation services T

258、imeliness-terminal services Track and trace cargo movement Safety/security of cargo Promoting,incentivising,facilitating Ease of obtaining all approvals Ease of entry Issues related grievance redressal LegendAchieverFast MoverAspirer90%-100%80%-90%80%L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r

259、 o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 43 Odisha Tamil Nadu West Bengal Arunachal Pradesh Assam Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Sikkim Tripura Andaman&Nicobar Chandigarh Daman&Diu/Dadra&Nagar Haveli Delhi Jammu&Kashmir Ladakh Lakshadweep Puducherry L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A

260、 c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 44 Cluster:Landlocked States Punjab Haryana Uttar Pradesh Uttarakhand Himachal Pradesh Madhya Pradesh Rajasthan Bihar Jharkhand Chhattisgarh Telangana Legend Achiever Fast Mover Aspirer 90%-100%80%-90%80%L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r

261、o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 45 Cluster:Coastal States Tamil Nadu Gujarat Karnataka Andhra Pradesh Odisha Maharashtra Kerala West Bengal Goa Legend Achiever Fast Mover Aspirer 90%-100%80%-90%80%L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 46

262、Cluster:North-Eastern Region Assam Sikkim Tripura Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Arunachal Pradesh Nagaland Legend Achiever Fast Mover Aspirer 90%-100%80%-90%80%L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 47 Cluster:Union Territories Delhi Chandigarh Puduche

263、rry Daman&Diu and Dadar&Nagar Haveli Jammu&Kashmir Ladakh Andaman&Nicobar Islands Lakshadweep Legend Achiever Fast Mover Aspirer 90%-100%80%-90%80%L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 48 Cluster insights on overall indicators infrastructure,servi

264、ces and regulatory 3 L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 49 Cluster insights on overall indicators infrastructure,services and regulatory Globalization has led to convergence of supply chain across borders with raw materials being sourced from o

265、ne part of the World and finished products being supplied to another.As a result,being competitive and agile,in terms of efficient supply chains,is need of the hour.What it means for the domestic industry is that States/UTs and Central agencies have to work in unison to facilitate seamless movement

266、of goods.Given the vast geographical demographics of India,every State/UT has a certain advantage/disadvantage inherent to deal with.Adjoining sub-regions of two or three States/UTs may exhibit a common ecosystem,only differentiated by varying policy measures undertaken by the concerned States/UTs.T

267、he flow of goods from origin to destination is almost always across more than one State,traversing various geographies.The presence of production and consumption centres are not bound by the logic of administrative units such as a State or a UT.Multiple interactions with industry stakeholders have i

268、ndicated that a broader geographic lens must be used to examine the performance of logistics ecosystem.Therefore,States/UTs have been clustered as per geographic demography and their performance,indicator wise has been studied to better understand the underlying cause/effect of existing supply chain

269、.Clustering approach highlights that the logistics ecosystems depend on many variables,of which geographical position of a State/UT is only one factor.Though geographical position might provide an initial impetus to logistics,its sustenance is based on a number of underlying factors for an efficient

270、 ecosystem.As detailed earlier,the States/UTs have been clustered into 4 segments as follows:Landlocked States Coastal States North-Eastern States and Union Territories Performance of States/UTs,in each of these clusters,was based on their individual scores(respondents ratings)across pillars of “ove

271、rall quality of logistics infrastructure,quality of logistics services;and operating and regulatory environment”.These three indicators were part of the perception questionnaire administered to private stakeholders(as Question no.A,B and C).Detailed analysis is presented below:L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o

272、g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 50 3.1 Landlocked States Quality of overall infrastructure-Exhibit 14:Landlocked-Overall quality of infrastructure As shown in the exhibit below,all States barring three fall in Achievers category,indicating that the respondents pe

273、rceive that infrastructure is good in the cluster.Telangana,Madhya Pradesh,Punjab,Haryana,lead the cluster.A deep dive into sub indicators of road,rail,terminals,and warehouse indicates that the achievers maintain their leadership across all the indicators.Especially in roads,all the achievers retai

274、n their position.Further highlighting majority of the cargo is shipped via road mode and thus having good road infrastructure augurs well for States logistics ecosystem.In terms of“Quality of rail infrastructure”,Punjab,Uttar Pradesh,Haryana,Telangana are the leaders.Madhya Pradesh which has the lar

275、gest warehousing capacity in the country features in Fast Movers category for“Quality of warehousing infrastructure”.Bihar is the only State to feature in the Fast Movers segment,mainly as the respondents have indicated high confidence in“Overall rail infrastructure”which puts it in the Achievers ca

276、tegory for the said indicator.Respondents feedback indicate that the States in Aspirers segment need to improve logistics infrastructure i.e.road,rail,terminal and warehousing infrastructure.Bihar may specifically focus on further improving roads infrastructure which will help advance its overall lo

277、gistics ecosystem.Quality of overall logistics services:Telangana,Punjab,Haryana,Madhya Pradesh score high in“Overall Services indicator”.Telangana in particular features in Achievers segment in most of the sub-indicators like“Quality of modal services,Quality of services at terminals,Timeliness of

278、transportation services,Timeliness of terminal services”.Primary interactions indicate that well developed road connectivity in Telangana(with ring roads to bypass city traffic)especially in consuming hub of Hyderabad has made supply chains efficient,timely and reliable.In terms of“Reasonableness of

279、 prices of logistics services”also,the State features in Achievers category.Bihar is the only State to feature in Fast Movers segment mainly on account of scoring high in“Reasonableness of logistics prices”indicator and progressive steps being undertaken by the State towards improving logistics ecos

280、ystem.Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh have scored low on all sub-indicators of“Quality of logistics service indicator”,particularly on“Timeliness and Safety and Security of cargo”aspects.States may look into immediate interventions to improve quality of logistics services and further improve logistics ec

281、osystem.TelanganaMadhya PradeshPunjabHaryanaHimachal PradeshUttar PradeshUttarakhandRajasthanBiharJharkhandChhattisgarh2.802.903.003.103.203.303.403.503.603.703.800.501.001.502.002.503.003.50INDICATOR SCORESEGMENTAspirersFast moversAchievers L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D

282、i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 51 Exhibit 15:Landlocked Overall quality of services Overall operating and regulatory environment Telangana continues to maintain its leadership position even in the“Overall Operating and regulatory environment”indicator,followed by Himachal Pradesh and Haryana.State

283、s featuring in the Achievers segment are the ones who have formulated their Logistics Policy barring Uttarakhand,Punjab and Rajasthan,whose policy is in final stage of being notified.Madhya Pradesh is the only State to feature in Fast movers segment as it is one of the high scorers in each of the su

284、b indicators,a reflection of its progressive policies.States in Aspirers segment have been perceived to have poor operating and regulatory environment.Thus,the States may look at immediate interventions to resolve relevant issues.Over the long term,formulation of logistics policy and providing a fav

285、ourable business environment will help States to improve regulatory perception.Exhibit 16:Landlocked-overall operating and regulatory environment TelanganaPunjabHaryanaMadhya PradeshHimachal PradeshUttar PradeshUttarakhandRajasthanBiharJharkhandChhattisgarh2.702.903.103.303.503.703.900.501.001.502.0

286、02.503.003.50INDICATOR SCORESEGMENTAspirersFast moversAchieversTelanganaHimachal PradeshHaryanaUttar PradeshUttarakhandPunjabRajasthanMadhya PradeshBiharJharkhandChhattisgarh2.302.502.702.903.103.303.503.700.501.001.502.002.503.003.50INDICATOR SCORESEGMENTAspirersFast moversAchievers L E A D S 2 0 2

287、 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 52 3.2 Coastal States Quality of overall infrastructure All States in coastal cluster barring two(West Bengal and Goa)feature in the Achievers segment lead by Tamil Nadu,Gujarat,Karnataka,Andhra Pradesh.Gujarat and Karnataka

288、 score high in sub-indicator road infrastructure.Gujarat leads in“Quality of rail and Terminal infrastructure”which also reflects in positive feedback from primary interactions indicating that the State has one of the best terminal infrastructure across country.Karnataka on the other hand tops in qu

289、ality of warehousing infrastructure.Goa fares particularly low in“Overall quality of logistics infrastructure”.As per primary interactions,warehousing and terminal infrastructure needs major improvements to cater to the trade demands.West Bengal too has been perceived with similar observations and i

290、mprovement areas,with the exception of having good rail infrastructure as per feedback from industry and hence it features in Fast Movers segment.Exhibit 17:Coastal quality of overall infrastructure Quality of overall logistics services All States barring two(Goa and West Bengal in Fast Movers)featu

291、re in Achievers category.Odisha,Gujarat,Karnataka,Tamil Nadu lead the cluster.Odisha leads in sub indicators of“Modal logistics services,Quality of service at terminals,Reasonableness of prices and Track and Trace”.Goa and West Bengal have been rated low on all sub-indicators of logistics services,p

292、articularly“Quality of services at terminals,Timeliness and Track&Trace”.Tamil NaduGujaratKarnatakaAndhra PradeshOdishaMaharashtraKeralaWest BengalGoa2.803.003.203.403.603.804.000.511.522.533.5INDICATOR SCORESEGMENTAspirersFast moversAchievers L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s

293、D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 53 Exhibit 18:Coastal quality of overall services Overall operating and regulatory environment Karnataka,Tamil Nadu,Odisha,Andhra Pradesh lead the cluster.South India States featuring in Achievers segment have undertaken a collaborative approach with industry stake

294、holders,whereby regular interactions are being held to understand issues faced on ground and devise necessary resolutions.This has helped create a positive environment in the States and support State machinery with necessary feedback to optimise and take appropriate policy interventions.Goa and West

295、 Bengal have been rated low on all sub-indicators of operating and regulatory environment.The States need to particularly focus on ease of obtaining approvals and ease of entry to/from neighbouring States where multiple issues have been highlighted.Exhibit 19:Coastal Overall operating and regulatory

296、 environment OdishaGujaratKarnatakaTamil NaduAndhra PradeshMaharashtraKeralaGoaWest Bengal3.203.303.403.503.603.703.803.900.511.522.533.5INDICATOR SCORESEGMENTAspirersFast moversAchieversKarnatakaTamil NaduOdishaAndhra PradeshGujaratKeralaMaharashtraWest BengalGoa2.502.702.903.103.303.503.700.511.52

297、2.533.5INDICATOR SCORESEGMENTAspirersFast moversAchievers L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 54 3.3 North Eastern States Quality of overall infrastructure Assam features in the Achievers segment,barring which all other States are categorized in

298、 Aspirers with Arunanchal Pradesh in Fast Movers.Assams focus on developing logistics infrastructure,prepration of Logistics Policy has augured well for development of logistics ecosystem.For North Eastern States,limited access points,mostly via the long distance and inefficient ecosystems in West B

299、engal,logistics development centered primarily around Assam,only increases time and cost of cargo movement to/from the region.The States difficult terrain makes operation and management of logistics challenging.As a result,development is seen in Assam barring which rest of the States lack establishe

300、d logistics ecosystem as reflected in the grading.Arunachal Pradesh on the other hand features in Fast movers category as it one of the high scorers in“Quality of services at terminal,Reasonableness of prices and timeliness”.Among all the States featuring in Aspirers category,Manipur,and Mizoram in

301、particular are rated low on road,rail and warehousing infrastructure.Considering difficult terrain of the region,State Governments may look at developing appropriate action plan or policy to create required infrastructure in coordination with Central agencies.Exhibit 20:North-eastern Region quality

302、of overall infrastructure Quality of overall logistics services Nagaland and Assam lead the category of“Overall logistics services”in Achievers segment.Nagaland has been rated high in every sub-category indicator of quality of logistics services.Arunachal Pradesh and Manipur feature in the Aspirers

303、segment mainly on account of low ratings in“Reasonableness of prices and timeliness”indicators.AssamArunachal PradeshSikkimNagalandMeghalayaTripuraManipurMizoram1.501.701.902.102.302.502.702.903.100.511.522.533.5INDICATOR SCORESCOREAspirersFast moversAchievers L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a

304、 s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 55 Exhibit 21:Northeastern Region quality of overall services Overall operating and regulatory environment Assam and Mizoram lead the indicator.Assam especially on the back of its progressive polices reflected in the launch of its Logistics Policy

305、and proactive work towards building sustainable logistics infrastructure.Tripura,Sikkim and Meghalaya have been rated low on operating and regulatory environment during primary interactions.Exhibit 22:North-Eastern Region-overall operating and regulatory environment NagalandAssamSikkimTripuraMeghala

306、yaMizoramArunachal PradeshManipur2.002.202.402.602.803.003.203.400.511.522.533.5INDICATOR SCORESEGMENTAspirersFast moversAchieversAssamMizoramManipurNagalandArunachal PradeshTripuraSikkimMeghalaya1.501.701.902.102.302.502.700.511.522.533.5INDICATOR SCORESEGMENTAspirersFast moversAchievers L E A D S

307、2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 56 3.4 Union Territories(UTs)UTs have a different regulatory set-up as compared to the States.Limited area,and lack of industrial zones are factors that reduce scope of development of logistics infrastructure and robust

308、 service deliveries.As a result,the demand in these centers is largely catered by support from infrastructure/service providers in adjacent States.Hence they have been clubbed in a separate category.Quality of overall infrastructure Chandigarh,Puducherry,Delhi,Jammu&Kashmir,are leaders in this categ

309、ory.Chandigarh scores maximum in sub indicators of“Quality of road,terminal and warehousing infrastructure”.Delhi tops in quality of rail infrastructure.Exhibit 23:Union Territories quality of overall infrastructure Quality of overall logistics services Chandigarh,Puducherry and Delhi lead in the ca

310、tegory.Chandigarh scores maximum in sub indicators of“Quality of services at terminals,Timeliness at terminal services,Track and Trace and Safety and security of cargo”.Ladakh leads in sub indicator of reasonableness of prices of logistics services.Exhibit 24:Union Territories quality of overall ser

311、vices ChandigarhPuducherryDelhiJammu&KashmirDaman&Diu/Dadra&Nagar HaveliAndaman&NicobarLakshadweepLadakh2.502.702.903.103.303.503.703.904.100.511.522.533.5INDICATOR SCORESEGMENTAspirersFast moversAchieversChandigarhPuducherryDelhiJammu&KashmirDaman&Diu/Dadra&Nagar HaveliAndaman&NicobarLakshadweepLad

312、akh2.502.702.903.103.303.503.703.904.100.511.522.533.5INDICATOR SCORESEGMENTAspirersFast moversAchievers L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 57 Overall operating and regulatory environment Puducherry,Chandigarh,Andaman&Nicobar Island and Delhi l

313、ead the indicator.Chandigarh scores maximum in all the sub indicators related to operating and regulatory environment.Exhibit 25:Union Territories overall operating and regulatory environment PuducherryChandigarhAndaman&NicobarDelhiDaman&Diu/Dadra&Nagar HaveliLakshadweepJammu&KashmirLadakh2.002.202.

314、402.602.803.003.203.403.603.804.000.511.522.533.5INDICATOR SCORESEGMENTAspirersFast moversAchievers L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 58 Coastal Landlocked NER UTs Category-wise State and UTs performance 4 Coastal Landlocked NER UTs L E A D S

315、2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e sPage 59Category-wise State and UTs performance 4.1 Coastal Andhra Pradesh a brief logistics profile Brief overview of the logistics profile of the State is provided in the exhibit 26 below.Exhibit 26:Brief logistics profile o

316、f Andhra Pradesh Parameter Unit Value Year Source Road Length km NH=7,340/SH=13,500 2020-21 NH-MoRTH/NHAI SH State data Railway Track Track-km 7,714 2019-20 MoR Inland Container Depot(ICD)nos.1 2021-22 CBIC Container Freight Station(CFS)nos.16 2020-21 State Govt.Private Freight Terminal(PFT)nos.3 20

317、20-21 State Govt.Air Cargo Terminals nos.4 2020-21 State Govt.Railway Goods Sheds nos.288 2020-21 State Govt.Warehouse Capacity(incl.State,Central,Private owned)(MTPA)MT 12,17,566 2020-21 State Govt.Cold Storage Capacity MT 11,56,759 2020-21 State Govt.Logistics Training Centres nos.43 2020-21 State

318、 Govt.No.of Individuals trained in logistics nos.1,297 2020-21 State Govt.Andhra PradeshCategoryCoastal2022 GradeAchiever L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 60 Coastal Landlocked NER UTs Exhibit 27:States LEADS indicator wise performance Qualit

319、y of Road InfrastructureQuality of Rail InfrastructureQuality of TerminalInfrastructureQuality of WarehousingInfrastructureQuality of InfrastructureAndhra PradeshMaxAverageQuality of Modal LogisticsServicesQuality of Services atTerminalsReasonableness of Prices ofLogistics ServicesTimeliness of Carg

320、o Delivery(Transportation Services)Timeliness of Cargo Delivery(Terminal Services)Ability to Track and TraceCargo MovementSafety/Security of CargoReliability of Logistics ServicesAndhra PradeshMaxAverageExtent of FacilitationEase of Obtaining all ApprovalsEase of EntryGrievance RedressalMechanismOpe

321、rating and Regulatory EnvironmentAndhra PradeshMaxAverageTIES OutlayRange Scaled EODB RanksAssessment of Variables ofLogistics EaseState Logistics EnablingInitiativesObjective Assessment of States Logistics EcosystemAndhra PradeshMaxAverage Coastal Landlocked NER UTs L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i

322、c s E a s e A c r o s s D i f f e r e n t S t a t e s Page 61 Andhra Pradesh has been graded as an Achiever within the Coastal cluster.The State has scored above average across indicators related to Quality of Infrastructure except for Warehousing Infrastructure.Like other Coastal states,Reasonablen

323、ess of prices of logistics services has been identified as an area where the state could improve.The state has been rated above average on all indicators related to Reliability of Logistics Services.State has scored high with regards to Ease of Entry and Grievance Redressal Mechanism related indicat

324、ors.Extent of Facilitation and Ease of Obtaining Approvals have been identified as areas where the state could improve.Industry feedback Infrastructure Truck lay-bys with ancillary facilities(security,food,washrooms,medical shop,repairs&maintenance areas)are required on important freight routes,at p

325、orts,and in industrial parks.First and last mile connectivity to railway sidings/good sheds is required.First and last mile road connectivity to Visakhapatnam port needs improvement.Elevated road access to the port is required and service roads need to be widened.Services Shortage of skilled drivers

326、 in the State is a concern.Regulatory and Operating Environment Diesel theft on highways,especially on Vizag-Vijayawada and Vijayawada-Hyderabad routes is a concern.Speedy disbursement of fiscal incentives and grants for development of logistics infrastructure is required.Seamless integration of RTO

327、 with centralized Vaahan portal is required.Delays in statutory clearances and approvals from State Authorities have been witnessed.Process and paperwork for securing approvals needs to be simplified.Delays in ODC movements owing to multiple approvals from various agencies is an area of concern.Stat

328、e feedback Truck Parking terminals have been provided near Ports and Industrial Parks with ancillary facilities at Nellore,Gangavaram,Anantapur,Tirupathi,NTR District etc.More than 20 truck lay-bys and resting areas have been provided at regular sections of various NHs namely NH-16,NH-256,NH-65,NH-4

329、,NH-544&NH-40.Various works are under progress and at proposal stage for improving connectivity to Visakhapatnam port such as widening of East Break Water up to Convent Junction to Visakhapatnam Port and Convent Junction to Sheelanagar Junction,construction of fly over near Airport Terminal for MMLP

330、 connectivity,4 lane highway connectivity at NH-16 etc.Technology interventions for Smart Enforcement,like Static Weighbridges,Weigh in Motion,CCTV/PTZ Cameras and Emergency Call Box are put in place at critical points connecting to various Highways(at Toll Plazas)namely NH-216-A,NH-16,NH-40,NH-65,a

331、nd other State Highways.Driver training schools have been established at key logistics hubs.APSRTC a has taken up an initiative on establishment of driving schools in all major cities of the state.The Government of India has also sanctioned setting up Institute of Driving Training and Research(IDTR)

332、at Darsi,Prakasham District and Dhone,Kurnool District.The State Government is in the process of devising zoning for freight movement in cities and district headquarters.Government is also implementing Grievances Redressal Mechanism in the name of INDUSTRIES SPANDANA(http:/apindustries.gov.in/indust

333、riesspandana)on the Single Desk Portal to act as a one stop-shop for all investment/industry-infrastructure related Queries/Grievances.Transport Department of the State is integrating its software with Vahan and Sarathi of NIC.Transport Department has taken up various steps to improve transparency.All 83 services of RTO are online 24 X 7.L E A D S 2 0 2 2:L o g i s t i c s E a s e A c r o s s D i