尋找更好的方法來管理尾礦風險.pdf

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1、Finding Better Ways to Manage Tailings RiskJai Prasad,Chief Advisor Next Generation Processing19 September 2024,MITFinding Better Ways to Manage Tailings RiskJai Prasad,Chief Advisor Next Generation Processing19 September 2024,MITFinding Better Ways to Manage Tailings RiskJai Prasad,Chief Advisor Ne

2、xt Generation Processing19 September 2024,MITBlueberries,Aerospace&the Art of the Possible 2024 Rio Tinto GroupOur challengeAND there are headwindsTrends:Ore grade(metal concentration)is decliningOre is at increasing depthsMineralogy is increasingly complexhttps:/www.worldbank.org/en/news/infographi

3、c/2019/02/26/climate-smart-miningOre Grades Trend DownThe size of our challenge,if we do nothingICMM,Hatch,IEA,S&P Global 2024 Rio Tinto GroupWhat do we mean by risk?Engineering/administrative controlsTechnical study to create opportunityrisk noun1.:possibility of loss or injury:peril2.:someone or s

4、omething that creates or suggests a hazardTailings Risk:Losses from NOTMitigating threatRealizing opportunities 2024 Rio Tinto GroupReuseSome challengesThe high failure rate for re-use technologiesMarket alignment and physical distanceProcessing can be very complexRisk aversion,maybe for good reason

5、!2024 Rio Tinto GroupAnhydrite(calcium sulfate)is a by-product of the aluminium refining process.We make 85 ktpa from our operations in the Saguenay,Lac-Saint-Jean region,Quebec.Blueberry growers in the region need anhydrite to make their plants more productive.Our proximity allows farmers reliable,

6、low-cost access to our by-product.Other uses for anhydrite include construction materials.Even superfoods need their minerals!2024 Rio Tinto GroupScandium:Making aerospace even coolerRio Tinto Iron and Titanium(RTIT)at Sorel-Tracy,Quebec now make scandium oxide from titanium dioxide production waste

7、 We now produce scandium oxide with no additional mining,from wasteUses of Scandium alloys:Aerospace,defence3D-printing,sporting goodsFuel cells,for back-up powerScandium is a critical metal in the USA,Canada and Australiahttps:/ Rio Tinto GroupProduct PurityHigher StrengthThermal ResistanceEnergy S

8、avingsReduce:2024 Rio Tinto GroupA coarse grind size means less energyFewer fines.We regrind only what we mustImproved mineral recoveryCoarse Particle Flotation:A host of benefits and reduced tailings volumeAn increase in mill and overall plant throughputCoarser tailings means improved settling,wate

9、r recovery&tailings management Benefits of Coarse Particle FlotationLynch,A.J.,Johnson,N.,Manlapig,E.,Thorne,C.1981.Mineral and coal flotation circuits:Their simulation and control.2024 Rio Tinto GroupRe-imagineThere are several reasons for re-imagine technologies not to work.Thinking of those is ea

10、sy.Instead lets be driven by the opportunities and focus on a few key challenges at a time.REUSEREDUCERE-IMAGINETHE RISK BALANCE CHANGES WITH OUR APPROACHThreat MitigationOpportunity Realisation 2024 Rio Tinto GroupEK-ISL:Changing the paradigmElectro-kinetic In-Situ Leaching(EK-ISL):Mining Re-imagin

11、ed?Challenges with conventional ISL:ContainmentProductivityOre permeabilitySome benefits at full potential:No/low earthmovingNo comminutionMuch lower closure costsReputation and brandEK-ISL uses electrical potential to influence the lixiviant flow pathProblems to solve:PowerLixiviant sciencePassivat

12、ion reactionsKnowledge of orebody layout and structureMartens et al.,Sci.Adv.2021;7:eabf9971 30 April 2021 2024 Rio Tinto Group“Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic.”Sir Arthur C.Clarke(1917-2008)Weve achieved so much together 2024 Rio Tinto GroupThe Art of the Possib

13、le 2024 Rio Tinto GroupRefences 2024 Rio Tinto Group1.https:/www.worldbank.org/en/news/infographic/2019/02/26/climate-smart-mining2.G.M.Mudd;2009,Resources Policy;The Environmental sustainability of mining in Australia:key mega-trends and looming constraints.3.ICMM:Strategy to reduce tailings risk t

14、hrough innovation:An industry led innovation strategy to accelerate tailings reduction.4.A.J.Lynch;N.Johnson;E.Manlapig;C.Thorne;1981,Mineral and coal flotation circuits:Their simulation and control.5.E.Martens;H.Prommer;R.Sprocati;J.Sun;X.Dai;R.Crane;J,Jamieson;P.O.Tong;M.Rolle;A.Fourie;Science Advances;Toward a more sustainable mining future with electrokinetic in situ leaching.