交通委員會：2020年交通委員會討論文件：審查澳大利亞自動駕駛汽車試驗準則（英文版）（59頁）.pdf

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1、 Review of Guidelines for trials of automated vehicles in Australia: Discussion paper May 2020 1 Discussion paper Review of Guidelines for trials of automated vehicles in Australia May 2020 Review of Guidelines for trials of automated vehicles in Australia: Discussion paper May 2020 2 Report outline

2、 Title Review of Guidelines for trials of automated vehicles in Australia Type of report Discussion paper Purpose For public consultation Abstract This discussion paper reviews the National Transport Commission (NTC) and Austroads Guidelines for trials of automated vehicles in Australia. The guideli

3、nes were released in 2017 to support nationally consistent conditions for automated vehicle trials in Australia. The NTC has undertaken research and targeted consultation to present potential updates to the guidelines that aim to benefit trialling organisations and road transport agencies. Updates c

4、ould include: further detail about requirements; alignment with the future commercial deployment framework; clarifying the application of the guidelines to other technologies; and improving administrative processes. The NTC is seeking views on these proposals and any other relevant matters. Submissi

5、on details The NTC will accept submissions until Friday 3 July 2020 online at www.ntc.gov.au. Attribution This work should be attributed as follows, Source: National Transport Commission 2020, Review of Guidelines for trials of automated vehicles in Australia: Discussion paper, NTC, Melbourne. If yo

6、u have adapted, modified or transformed this work in anyway, please use the following, Source: based on National Transport Commission 2020, Review of Guidelines for trials of automated vehicles in Australia: Discussion paper, NTC, Melbourne. Key words automated vehicles, trials, emerging technology,

7、 safety management, traffic management, data, insurance, evaluation, importation Contact National Transport Commission Ph: (03) 9236 5000 Email: enquiriesntc.gov.au www.ntc.gov.au Review of Guidelines for trials of automated vehicles in Australia: Discussion paper May 2020 3 Have your say What to su

8、bmit We are seeking views on the consultation questions in this discussion paper, as well as any other views you have on the trial guidelines or automated vehicle trials that may be relevant. We would like to hear in particular from Commonwealth and state and territory road transport and enforcement

9、 agencies, trialling organisations and those interested in running automated vehicle trials in Australia, local councils, road managers, insurance bodies, road user groups and groups representing the disabled, vulnerable and ageing communities. When to submit We are seeking submissions on this discu

10、ssion paper by Friday 3 July 2020. How to submit Any individual or organisation can make a submission to the NTC. Making a written submission Visit www.ntc.gov.au and select Submissions in the top navigation menu. Submitting by other methods Register you interest for an online meeting or tell us how

11、 you would like to be involved by emailing automatedvehiclesntc.gov.au. Where possible, you should provide evidence, such as data and documents, to support the views in your submission. Publishing your written submission Unless you clearly ask us not to, we publish all the written submissions we rec

12、eive online. We will not publish submissions that contain defamatory or offensive content. The Freedom of Information Act 1982 (Cwlth) applies to the NTC. Review of Guidelines for trials of automated vehicles in Australia: Discussion paper May 2020 4 Contents Report outline . 2 Have your say. 3 Exec

13、utive summary . 7 1 About this project . 10 1.1 Project objectives 10 1.2 Background 11 1.3 Our approach to reviewing the guidelines 12 1.4 Related work and interdependencies 12 1.4.1 Austroads future vehicles trials lessons learned repository 12 1.4.2 Safety assurance for commercial deployment of a

14、utomated vehicles 13 1.4.3 Motor accident injury insurance and automated vehicles 13 1.4.4 Government access to vehicle generated data 13 1.4.5 Austroads infrastructure 13 2 Context of the review . 14 2.1 Overview 14 2.2 Australian context for automated vehicle trials 14 2.2.1 Current state of trial

15、s in Australia 14 2.2.2 Findings from targeted consultation about trial guidelines 15 2.2.3 Agreement to safety criteria for the first supply of automated vehicles for commercial deployment 15 2.3 International context for automated vehicle trials 15 2.3.1 Types of trials 16 2.3.2 Regulatory develop

16、ments 16 3 Content and level of detail in the current guidelines . 19 3.1 Overview 19 3.2 Management of trials 19 3.2.1 Traffic management plan 20 3.2.2 Trial location 20 3.2.3 Engagement with the public and other stakeholders enforcement agencies 21 3.2.4 Purpose of the trial 21 3.3 Safety manageme

17、nt plan 22 3.3.1 Standard of evidence required 22 3.3.2 Monitoring human drivers or operators 23 3.3.3 Risks to other road users 23 3.3.4 Interaction with enforcement and emergency services 24 3.3.5 Recognition of pre-trial tests 25 3.3.6 Additional criteria for the safety management plan 25 3.4 Ins

18、urance 26 3.5 Data and information 27 3.5.1 Incident reporting 27 3.5.2 Broader data recording requirements 29 3.5.3 Reporting on trial outcomes 31 Review of Guidelines for trials of automated vehicles in Australia: Discussion paper May 2020 5 3.6 Additional information for trialling organisations i

19、n the guidelines 32 4 Application of the guidelines . 34 4.1 Overview 34 4.2 Operating domains 35 4.3 Technology applications 36 4.3.1 Small automated vehicles 36 4.3.2 Autonomous pods 36 4.3.3 SAE level 1 and level 2 vehicles with advanced driver assistance technologies 37 4.4 Heavy vehicles 37 4.5

20、 Large trials 38 4.6 Commercial passenger services 38 5 Administrative processes and harmonisation . 40 5.1 Overview 40 5.2 Administrative processes for trial applications 40 5.2.1 Application and approval processes 40 5.2.2 Engagement with relevant decision-makers 41 5.3 Cross-border trials and har

21、monisation of processes 41 6 Other automated vehicle trial issues outside the scope of the guidelines . 44 6.1 Overview 44 6.2 Government evaluation frameworks and shared learnings 44 6.3 Importation process for automated vehicle trials 45 6.3.1 Limits of import options 45 6.3.2 Import application p

22、rocess 46 6.3.3 Taxes 46 6.4 Transition to commercial deployment 46 7 Conclusion and next steps . 48 7.1 Conclusion 48 7.2 Next steps 48 Appendix A Safety criteria and obligations for the first supply of automated vehicles for commercial deployment . 49 A1.1 Safety criteria 49 A1.1.1 Safe system des

23、ign and validation process 49 A1.1.2 Operational design domain 49 A1.1.3 Human-machine interface 50 A1.1.4 Compliance with relevant road traffic laws 50 A1.1.5 Interaction with enforcement and other emergency services 50 A1.1.6 Minimal risk condition 51 A1.1.7 On-road behavioural competency 51 A1.1.

24、8 Installation of system upgrades 51 A1.1.9 Verifying for the Australian road environment 52 A1.1.10 Cybersecurity 52 A1.1.11 Education and training 52 A1.2 Obligations 53 A1.2.1 Data recording and sharing 53 A1.2.2 Corporate presence in Australia 53 Review of Guidelines for trials of automated vehi

25、cles in Australia: Discussion paper May 2020 6 A1.2.3 Minimum financial requirements 53 Glossary . 54 References . 56 Review of Guidelines for trials of automated vehicles in Australia: Discussion paper May 2020 7 Executive summary The National Transport Commission and Austroads Guidelines for trial

26、s of automated vehicles in Australia were released in May 2017 to support nationally consistent conditions for automated vehicle trials in Australia. The guidelines were intended to: provide certainty and clarity to industry regarding expectations when trialling in Australia help agencies manage tri

27、als in their own jurisdictions as well as across state borders establish minimum standards of safety help assure the public that roads are being used safely help raise awareness and acceptance of automated vehicles in the community. Transport and infrastructure ministers directed that the guidelines

28、 should be reviewed every two years. We began this review of the guidelines in 2019 and it is the first to take place since they were published. The purpose of this discussion paper is to assess how well the guidelines are working in practice and to seek broader stakeholder views on any required cha

29、nges. Context Since the guidelines were published in May 2017 there have been a number of developments in trialling and the development of regulatory frameworks for automated vehicles: Trials have now taken place in every Australian state and territory, and trialling organisations and road transport

30、 agencies can share their experience of the application, approval and operation of trials. There has been further development of the regulatory framework for the commercial deployment of automated vehicles, which will eventually succeed the trials framework. International guidance has further evolve

31、d. The objectives of the review are to identify: whether the guidelines have assisted governments and trialling organisations challenges faced by governments and trialling organisations using the guidelines or in applying for, approving, operating and evaluating trials additional requirements govern

32、ments have placed on trialling organisations whether the guidelines should be updated to ensure a nationally consistent and safe approach to automated vehicle trials in Australia. Consultation topics In late 2019 the NTC undertook targeted consultation and a review of international guidance to infor

33、m this discussion paper. Through this consultation we have learned that trialling organisations and road transport agencies have found the guidelines useful, particularly as a starting point to guide trialling organisations as they prepare their trial applications. We have also learned that the guid

34、elines could provide further detail to assist trialling organisations Review of Guidelines for trials of automated vehicles in Australia: Discussion paper May 2020 8 and to provide some consistency in applications for road transport agencies. As well, we have learned that there are a number of diffe

35、rences in trial requirements and application processes across states and territories, which has led to differing experiences in gaining approvals for trials. Consultation topics in this discussion paper fall under five broad categories: content and level of detail in the current guidelines (chapter

36、3) application of the guidelines (chapter 4) administrative processes and harmonisation (chapter 5) other automated vehicle trial issues outside the scope of the guidelines (chapter 6). There could be a number of updates to the guidelines that will benefit both trialling organisations and road trans

37、port agencies. These include further detail about safety, traffic management and data and information requirements; further alignment with future safety requirements for commercial deployment; clarifying the application of the guidelines to other technologies, operating domains and types of trials;

38、and improving the efficiency of administrative processes at the point of application. We are seeking views from stakeholders on the potential updates discussed in this paper and on any other useful changes. We want to ensure the guidelines support safe and innovative trials in Australia. This will h

39、elp Australia gain the safety and productivity benefits of this technology. Next steps We are seeking written submissions and feedback through other methods by Friday 3 July 2020. During the consultation period we will also undertake broader consultation with stakeholders through meetings. Following

40、 this we will develop a policy paper and updated guidelines for the approval of transport and infrastructure ministers in November 2020. List of questions Question 1: Should the guidelines be updated to improve the management of trials (section 3 of the guidelines) and, if so, why? Consider in parti

41、cular:.22 Question 2: Should the guidelines be updated to improve the safety management of trials (section 4 of the guidelines) and, if so, why? Consider in particular:.26 Question 3: What issues have been encountered when obtaining or providing insurance?.27 Question 4: Are the current insurance re

42、quirements sufficient (section 5 of the guidelines)? If not, how should they change?.27 Question 5: Should the guidelines be updated to improve the provision of relevant data and information (section 6 of the guidelines)? Consider in particular: Review of Guidelines for trials of automated vehicles

43、in Australia: Discussion paper May 2020 9 Question 6 Is there any additional information the guidelines should include for trialling organisations?.33 Question 7 Should the guidelines apply to any other emerging technologies (discussed in chapter 4 or other technologies) and operating domains?.37 Question 8 Are there any additional criteria or additional matters relevant to the trials of automated heavy vehicles that should be included in the guidelines?.38 Question 9 Are there currently any regulatory or othe