世界經濟論壇：2020年COVID-19疫情下東盟青年韌性和適應能力的真實考驗 （英文版）（18頁）.pdf

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1、COVID-19 The True Test of ASEAN Youths Resilience and Adaptability Impact of Social Distancing on ASEAN Youth A S E A N Y O U T H S U R V E Y 2 0 2 0 E D I T I O N J U LY 2 0 2 0 In collaboration with Sea Contents Executive summary 1 Foreword 2 Full report 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Accelerated and perman

2、ent digital transformation 2.3 Resilience, adaptiveness and growth mindset 2.4 Gaps in digital skills and digital infrastructure 2.5 Funding gaps 2.6 Conclusion Acknowledgements 3 6 7 8 8 10 12 15 16 17 Cover: Unsplash/Pawel Czerwiski Inside: Getty Images/ake1150sb; Reuters/Edgar Su; Reuters/ Eloisa

3、 Lopez; Reuters/Nguyen Huy Kham; Getty Images/ Chansom Pantip; Getty Images/Kathryn Schipper 2020 World Economic Forum. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage a

4、nd retrieval system. Impact of Social Distancing on ASEAN Youth2 Executive summary This report analyses the challenges that ASEAN youth faced during social distancing. COVID-19 The True Test of ASEAN Youths Resilience and Adaptability Impact of Social Distancing on ASEAN Youth July 2020 Impact of So

5、cial Distancing on ASEAN Youth3 Based on a survey of 68,574 youths, aged between 16 and 35, from six countries in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), this report analyses the challenges that ASEAN youth faced during social distancing and explores how they coped with the disruptions c

6、aused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey found that the pandemic has been the true test of youth resilience and adaptability. While facing significant challenges with working and studying remotely during social distancing, the youth has demonstrated abilities to adapt to these new challenges by si

7、gnificantly increasing digital adoption, learning new skills, thinking creatively and developing new business models. To take this even further and ensure inclusive growth, the public and private sectors need to come together to provide youth with more policy support to overcome some of the key pain

8、 points highlighted in this report. The support includes improving digital access, investing in digital skill capabilities and providing more funding. ASEAN youths adjusted to the COVID-19 environment by significantly increasing their digital footprint a trend that is likely to last beyond the pande

9、mic 87% of youths increased usage of at least one digital tool during the pandemic and 42% of youths picked up at least one new digital tool There was a significant surge in the usage of online education, business-related services, online entertainment, as well as e-payments and e-commerce Across AS

10、EAN, 33% of entrepreneurs utilised e-commerce selling more actively during the COVID-19 pandemic. Of those, one in four was using it for the first time More than 70% of youths believed that their increased usage of social media and e-commerce buying will last beyond COVID-19. More than 64% of youths

11、 believed that their increased usage of online education, e-banking and food delivery will be permanent The increasing usage of digital government services offered a unique window to promote e-government across ASEAN In adapting to the new environment, many ASEAN youths exhibited signs of a growth m

12、indset, resilience and nimbleness Beyond just going digital, a significant portion of youths exhibited signs of resilience and adaptability during the pandemic: 48% confirmed to having learnt to be more resilient and more prepared for future pandemics 41% reported having learnt new skills 38% learnt

13、 to think creatively 31% found new business models and new ways to improve income, which was especially true of entrepreneurs Online education bloomed not only among full- time students but also among active workers, confirming ASEAN youths strong aspiration for lifelong learning and growth mindset.

14、 64% of surveyed full-time students said they used online education tools more actively during COVID-19. Of those, 30% were first-time users 70% of full-time students believe their increased usage of online education will last post- COVID-19 38% of active workers said they used online education more

15、 actively during the pandemic, embracing the concept of lifelong learning Interestingly, the survey revealed that women tend to achieve more key learnings from social distancing compared to men ASEAN youths faced challenges in remote working and studying during COVID-19, with lack of digital skills

16、and inadequacy/ unavailability of quality and affordable internet connection found as the most binding constraints Most youths found it difficult to work or study remotely: 69% found it difficult to work or study remotely, including 7% who said it was impossible While 31% of respondents found workin

17、g/ studying from home easy, only 13% reported no constraints at all Weak internet quality, high internet costs, household distractions, lack of motivation and difficulties with team management/coordination were the top five most commonly cited constraints. Access to an affordable, quality internet c

18、onnection and a lack of digital skills were the most binding constraints to working remotely because they hinder the completion of tasks. The less digitally ready youths, those with below- college education and those living outside capital cities were far more likely to face difficulties in remote w

19、orking or studying remotely during the pandemic. 84% of those not comfortable with using digital tools to do their job found it difficult to work remotely Impact of Social Distancing on ASEAN Youth4 Among active workers, those aged under 25, those living outside capital cities, workers in the educat

20、ion and agriculture sectors and those working for the gig economy and SMEs, were also more likely to find working remotely difficult. This suggests the need for the ASEAN region to invest more in equipping its youth with essential digital skills and in improving its digital infrastructure to provide

21、 youth with quality and affordable internet. ASEAN youths in the gig economy and entrepreneurs faced funding constraints during the pandemic and needed support Some 19% of respondents reported lack of funding as a key constraint during social distancing. Among them, entrepreneurs and youths in the g

22、ig economy faced the greatest funding constraints. External sources of funding, such as family and friends, banks, government and online financing, became more important: Only 33% said they relied more on bank loans 31% relied on government support 23% turned to online financing 14% resorted to info

23、rmal financing These issues underscore the need for public- private partnership to provide funding support to ASEAN youth. Policies such as government credit programmes, digital financing promotion, e-payments adoption promotion, and financial literacy improvement would be essential for ASEAN youth,

24、 particularly young entrepreneurs. Impact of Social Distancing on ASEAN Youth5 Foreword Recognizing that statistical insight is key for feasible and effective policies, the World Economic Forum has for decades been promoting data-driven policy-making across the globe. In ASEAN, where youths under th

25、e age of 35 comprise the majority of the regions population, the Forum has partnered with Sea since 2017 to survey annually their perspectives on key regional matters. The objective is to generate important insights to help inform and shape ASEAN policies and unlock the full potential of the regions

26、 demographic dividend. As the COVID-19 pandemic swept through the ASEAN region, the focus of the survey this year is on the impact of social distancing on ASEAN youth, uncovering how they have coped with the challenges during the pandemic and exploring the support they need as the region works towar

27、ds an inclusive and sustainable recovery. The responses from more than 68,000 youths revealed a silver lining for the region: the youth will likely come out of the pandemic benefiting from an unprecedented level of digital transformation, a precious life-long learning and growth mindset, more resili

28、ent, more creative and better prepared for future uncertainties. The challenges the youth faced during social distancing, however, uncovered significant gaps in digital skills, digital infrastructure and funding among ASEAN youth. Multistakeholder efforts to address these gaps are needed more than e

29、ver before. We invite leaders of ASEAN to join forces to respond in a timely manner to the needs of the regions youth. We look forward to impact-oriented actions for the youth to harness their full potential. We invite leaders of ASEAN to join forces to respond in a timely manner to the needs of the

30、 regions youth. Joo-Ok Lee Head of the Regional Agenda, Asia Pacific, World Economic Forum Santitarn Sathirathai Group Chief Economist, Sea 1 Impact of Social Distancing on ASEAN Youth6 Full report 2 ASEAN youths adjusted to the COVID-19 environment by significantly increasing their digital footprin

31、t and the trend is likely to last beyond the pandemic. Impact of Social Distancing on ASEAN Youth7 Since 2017, the World Economic Forum has partnered with Sea, a Singapore-based global consumer internet company, to survey and analyse the aspirations of youths between 16 and 35 years old in the ASEAN

32、 region. As more than 60% of ASEANs population are under 35 years of age, understanding the views, priorities and concerns of the regions young population is essential for policy- makers. Our survey is designed to offer statistical insights into this understanding, to help inform and shape ASEAN gov

33、ernment policies and unlock the full potential of the regions demographic dividend. In 2020, the survey examined the impact of social distancing on ASEAN youths, particularly the challenges they faced in working and studying remotely and how they responded to those challenges. It also looked at the

34、digital transformation trends among ASEAN youths, their key learnings from social-distancing, their need for support and their prospects post-COVID-19. The survey was conducted online through Sea, which operates an e-commerce platform Shopee, a digital entertainment business Garena, and a digital fi

35、nancial services arm SeaMoney. Visitors to Shopee and Garena were invited to take part in the survey, with only those aged between 16 and 35 included in the results. In total, there were 68,574 responses collected, mainly from youth in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vi

36、et Nam. The survey was held in June 2020. Introduction2.1 ASEAN youths adjusted to the COVID-19 environment by significantly increasing their digital footprint and the trend is likely to last beyond the pandemic We asked ASEAN youths how their use of certain digital tools has changed from before and

37、 during the COVID-19 pandemic, ranging from e-commerce services, social media, digital government services, food delivery, ride-hailing, to telemedicine. The responses revealed a significant increase in their digital footprint. Some 87% of youths increased usage of at least one digital tool during t

38、he pandemic and 42% of youths picked up at least one new digital tool. Indonesia and Singapore generally saw a larger boost to digital tool adoption. For instance, more than 50% of youths in these two countries increased e-commerce buying during COVID-19. Besides the inevitable surge in usage of onl

39、ine education services, enterprise resource planning (ERP) and virtual meeting tools for remote studying and working, many youths also, either for the first time or more often, went online for entertainment services such as social media (51% respondents) and video streaming (38%). The increase in on

40、line shopping (42%), food delivery services (34%) and online selling (18%) also explained the increasing use of e-banking (34%) and e-wallet (27%), which would be critical for sustaining a vibrant e-commerce environment post pandemic (see Chart 1). Looking specifically at respondents who identified

41、themselves as entrepreneurs, the survey revealed that they were more likely to increase their usage of business-related tools during the pandemic. These tools include e-commerce selling, ERP, online banking, e-wallets, food delivery and ride- sharing. Across ASEAN, 33% of entrepreneurs used e-commer

42、ce selling more actively. One in four of those during the pandemic were using it for the first time. Increased adoption of e-commerce selling was highest among Indonesian entrepreneurs. Accelerated and permanent digital transformation2.2 Impact of Social Distancing on ASEAN Youth8 Social media51% 45

43、% 42% 40% 38% 34% 34% 33% 27% 23% 18% 16% 13% 13% 9% 0%10%20%30%40%50%60% Online education E-commerce buying Virtual meetings Video streaming E-banking Food delivery E-wallet Digital government E-commerce selling ERP Telemedicine Ride-sharing Travel app Video games CHART 1 Source: World Economic For

44、um and Sea, ASEAN Youth survey 2020 edition More importantly, this increase in digital adoption will likely last beyond COVID-19. More than 70% of youths believe their increased usage of social media and e-commerce buying will last beyond the pandemic. More than 64% of youths believe their increased

45、 usage of online education, e-banking and food delivery will be permanent (see Chart 2). Social media51% 45% 42% 40% 38% 34% 34% 33% 27% 23% 18% 16% 13% 13% 9% 0%10%20%30%40%50%60% Online technology E-commerce buying Virtual meetings Video streaming E-banking Food delivery E-wallet Digital governmen

46、t E-commerce selling ERP Telemedicine Ride-sharing Travel app Video games 29%71% 72% 57% 51% 67%33% 68%32% 60%40% 58%42% 40%60% 53%47% 34%66% 38%62% 43%57% 32%68% 28% 43% 49% 64%36% Temporary Permanent CHART 2 Source: World Economic Forum and Sea, ASEAN Youth survey 2020 edition Increase and permane

47、nce of digital tools RG 2020 | Ranked by usage increase Separately on e-government, 23% of respondents reported more frequent use or being first-time users of digital government services during the pandemic (of which new users accounted for 42%). However, less than 40% of respondents confirmed the i

48、ntention to continue using digital government services post-COVID-19. This was perhaps linked to the use of digital tools for the government to distribute stimulus packages and conduct contact tracing, which will be less relevant after the pandemic. If ASEAN governments are to boost the use of e-gov

49、ernment services among the youth, now is the perfect window of opportunity to put relevant policies in place to capitalize on the momentum. I used the following digital tools more or for the first time during COVID-19 Impact of Social Distancing on ASEAN Youth9 In adapting to the new environment, ASEAN youth exhibited signs of a growth mindset, resilience and nimbleness Beyond just going digital, a significant portion of youths also exhibited signs of resilience and adaptability during COVID-19. They learnt to be even mor