用于量子光子集成電路的光纖低損耗連接.pdf

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1、OCP Global Summit October 18,2023|San Jose,CAR.Ryan Vallance,Yang Chen,King-Fu HiiCudoForm DivisionSENKO Advanced CLow-Loss Connections to Optical Fibers for Quantum Photonic Integrated CircuitsQuantum Photonic Integrated Circuits(QPICs)for secure networks,quantum computing,and sensingQPICs pose man

2、y challenges for optical connectivity:Heterogenous platforms different foundries and CTEsSingle-photon detectors cryogenic-temperaturesBroadband(UV-VIS-IR)far outside telecom wavelengthsChallenging packaging requirements isolate from environmentState preservation polarization preservationHigh-coupli

3、ng efficiency low-loss fiber-optic connectionsIntegration for Quantum Information TechnologyRudolph.APL Photonics.2.030901.2017.From Moody et al 2022 J.Phys.Photonics 4 012501 Connecting to QPICs with grating couplersDiffraction gratings are composed of diffractive elements placed along the waveguid

4、e propagation direction.Fiber-to-chip coupling is achieved using a tapered waveguide region for horizontal mode size conversion and a grating coupler with a 10 m width(similar to the MFD of typical single-mode fiber).The grating elements diffract the optical beam out of the waveguide plane,and the d

5、iffracted optical beam couples into the optical fibers guided mode.GCs can convert from path entanglement(on the QPIC)to polarization entanglement(for propagation in fibers)Target MFD:Circular10mOriginal MFD:Elliptical2madiabatically tapered waveguide Grating couplerAdapted from:NanophotonicsWant et

6、 al.Optica.Vol 3,No.4,407-413(2016)Construction of metallic PIC connectorsChen et al.Proc Optical Interconnects XX,Photonics West,11286-46,2020.Design 1:Reimage fiber core onto grating couplerSM optical fiberglass cover platephotonic integrated circuitaspherical mirrorgrating coupler with SM MFD out

7、putepoxyIndex matching epoxymetallic optical bench320 m190 m252.5 m20 mLoss ComponentLoss Perfect AlignmentMode mis-match-0.08 dBMirror reflectivity Aluminum:-0.19 dBGold:-0.15 dBDielectric:-0.04 dBabsorption loss-0.06 dBFrensel loss -0.01 dBChen et al.,“Metrology of ultra-high precision stamped met

8、allic optical mirrors for photonics packaging and ultraviolet LED applications”Proc American Society of Precision Engineers,2022.Design 1:Mode field and alignment tolerance-10100-10010MFD:9.2 m(1/e2)-5-4.5-4-3.5-3-2.5-2-1.5-1-0.50-0.02-0.015-0.01-0.00500.0050.010.0150.02Coupling Loss(dB)Offset(mm)X-

9、axisZ-axisY-axisMirror reimages core of single-mode optical fibers on surface of grating couplers to bebackward compatible with foundry PDKsQuantum Photonic Integrated Circuit PACkaging(QPICPAC)Developing packaging templates to simplify and standardize QPIC packages to lower development costs and ac

10、celerate technologyMPCs in packaging templates for QPICsEarly Findings8 fiber250 mDesign 1(reimaging core onto grating coupler)GC per Cornerstone PDKActive alignmentWave Photonics template and P-Cell to package Cornerstone chips with MPCs at ALTER will be available soon.Final report in November 2023

11、Design 2:Expanded-beam for lensed PICSM optical fiberglass cover platephotonic integrated circuitaspherical mirrorOptical I/O port with expanded beam outputepoxyIndex matching epoxymetallic optical bench280 m200 m262.5 m50 mLoss ComponentLoss Perfect AlignmentMode mis-match-0.06 dBMirror reflectivit

12、y Aluminum:-0.19 dBGold:-0.15 dBDielectric:-0.04 dBabsorption loss-0.06 dBFrensel loss -0.01 dBDesigned for emerging applications that will use expanded-beam off the PIC Design 2:mode field and alignment tolerance-50500MFD:34.4 m(1/e2)-50050-2-1.75-1.5-1.25-1-0.75-0.5-0.250-0.02-0.015-0.01-0.00500.0

13、050.010.0150.02IL Penalty,dBOffset,mmX-AxisY-AxisZ-AxisSpot size can be about 35 microns or largerHigher-density shorelines16 fibers on 127 m pitch20 fibers on 127 m pitchHigher-density shorelines+expanded-beamMetallic PIC connectors improve coupling efficiency between optical fibers and QPICsReflec

14、tive mirror act as lens that collects divergent light and achieves better mode field matchingLow-profile connectionReimaging optics or expanded-beam opticsHigh-density shorelines:8x250 m,16x127 m,20 x127 mExpanded-beam MPCs reduce loss penalty due to misalignmentNew templates for packaging QPICs with MPCs will be available soonConclusionsCollaboration in the ecosystemGovernment R&DElectronic design softwareDesignersFoundriesChip packagingCable assemblyAOCP Global Summit|October 18,2023|San Jose,CA