通道探測 （CS） – 從基礎到高級.pdf

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1、Channel Sounding(CS)Basics to Advanced Name:James Zhang(張清剛）張清剛）Title:BLE System Engineering ManagerChannel Sounding is EverywhereMatter End NodeMatter Edge NodeThermostatsSmart AccessSmart plugsKey req:MCU orMPU Hosted/Multi-protocolHome Gateway(MPU hosted)Key requirement:Multi-protocol,ProcessingN

2、ON-AUTOComms module+MatterCar AccessHands Free CS/UWBPKE-ICCERKE-BLEAUTOStandards BT SIGCCC/FiRAICCE/ICCOAStandards BT SIGCSA(Zigbee,Thread,Matter)EV ChargerEnergy/Grid ControllerGarage doorSensorsSwitchesKey requirement:Low PowerMarket Success through Standards and ComplianceStandardizes wireless u

3、se of spectrumDigital key sharing and secure car accessMesh protocols and smart home standardsmembermembermembermemberBLE as digital key sharing data channelInfluences access control working groupCould lead to 15.4 protocol in-car.memberIEEE defines how RF spectrums can be usedProtocols are then def

4、inedAnd used within applications standardsProtocolBluetooth compliance from PHY through stacksIEEE,CSA compliance for Thread,Matter,ZigbeeSystemAutomotive smart access,driven by CCCAdditionally driven by ICCE standard in China,similar to CCCApplicationComplementary,flexible enablement,building on to

5、p of standardsKey examples:BLE hand-over and Channel Sounding for CCC pre-rangingHow standards inform and influence NXP solutionsStandards often influence each other as they evolveThrough participation at standards,NXP:Gains knowledge of whats coming nextGuides new features to achieve optimal user e

6、xperienceThrough Ecosystem Activities,Market Trends can be anticipated Ex.:Broadcom Press ReleaseICCE/ICCOA/CCCNXP is a Significant Contributor to BT SIG BT SIG Focus on Ubiquity,Security and compliance NXP has all key technologies to contribute to BT SIG and its membersBluetooth Low Energy Major Fe

7、atures Snapshot Notes and sources section5.3Protocol update July 2021 Enhanced conn update HCI enc key control enhancement(BT Classic)ADI in periodic adv LE Channel Classification5.4Protocol enhancementsJanuary 2023 Coding Scheme Selection(CCSA)Per Adv with Responses(PAWR)Encrypted Adv Data(EAD)Secu

8、rity Level Characteristics(SLC)KW38Bluetooth LE 5.0Custom localizationMCX W71/K32W148/KW45BLE 5.3+to 6.xStandards-based localizationMCXW72x/KW47BLE 5.3+to 6.xStandards-based localizationNext genIn planning2016-20195.0 Highlights2Mbps LELE Long RangeLE Advertising Extensions5.1 Highlights Angle of ar

9、rival/angle of departure5.2 Highlights LE isochronous channels Enhanced ATT LE Power Control5.05.15.2NextHigher Frequency Bands(HB)NextHigher Data Throughput(HDT)6.0Channel sounding(CS)August 2024 Channel sounding(CS)Channel Sounding HCI Updates Decision-based Adv Filt(DBAF)Enhancements for ISOAL(EI

10、SOAL,Audio)Monitoring Advertisers LL Extended Feature Set Frame Space UpdateNXP Contributing to CS Development/Early Testing since 2021Q122Q222Q322Q422Q123Dec21LCL Early AccessBluetooth LE HADM/CS(High Accuracy Distance Measurement/Channel Sounding)is a draft standard of the Bluetooth SIG.SDK access

11、 restrictions apply based on Bluetooth SIG draft standard policies.Timelines and feature sets are not guaranteedApr22LCL Early AccessJune22LCL Early AccessH123KW45 GALCL Controlled AccessH223KW45 GA MaintenanceLCL Controlled AccessSept22LCL Early Access Bluetooth SIG-hosted Interoperability testing2

12、022-Attended 4 interoperability test events,each with advanced SDKs2023 Quarterly IOPs scheduled for Phoenix,Bellevue,Budapest,and SydneyDec 2118 May 22KW45KW45orKW45Third party(Phone)One-to-Many anchor-to-fobMultiple fob to one car anchor computes radial distance from car and improves user experien

13、ce with or without UWB.One-to-Many fob-to-anchorOne fob to multiple car anchor uses multiple anchors car-side for BLE phone localization complimentary to UWB in CCC phase 3 ecosystem,with BLE-only channel sounding systems next to be confirmed.SRDE(RADE)Super Resolution Distance Estimation algorithms

14、 execute either embedded or on host that resolves distance from IQ sample data.CDEComplex-valued Distance Estimation localizations algorithm uses phase data to derive distance.KW45Mar 23orThird party(Phone)KW45 KW45 (Car Anchor)RAS ranging service(upon release)Temp Ranging ServiceSept/Oct 22orKW45Th

15、ird party(Phone)KW45Temp Ranging ServiceBT SIGPhoenixCCCAtlanta(BT SIG CS CCC)BT SIG SeattleCCCMadridQ223One-to-Many anchor-to-fobMultiple fob to one car anchor computes radial distance from car and improves user experience with or without UWB.One-to-Many fob-to-anchorOne fob to multiple car anchor

16、uses multiple anchors car-side for BLE phone localization complimentary to UWB in CCC phase 3 ecosystem,with BLE-only channel sounding systems next to be confirmed.Key termsSRDE(RADE)Super Resolution Distance Estimation algorithms execute either embedded or on host that resolves distance from IQ sam

17、ple data.CDEComplex-valued Distance Estimation localizations algorithm uses phase data to derive distance.Q323BT SIGBudapestQ423CCCBangkokQ124BT SIGLondonCCCKualaLumpurQ224BLE 6.0 Atlanta Released Aug.24Q324H124KW45 GA MaintenanceLCL Controlled AccessMar 23orThird party(Phone)KW45 KW45 (Car Anchor)R

18、AS ranging service(upon release)BT SIGSidney/ParisNXP Ecosystem Partnership our DNAAuto suppliersSecure car access enablersInnovates with suppliers to deliver best performance with evolving standardsCar makersSystem integratorsCoordinates between phone makers and auto suppliers for best-in-class use

19、r experiencePhone makersMobile integratorsTests against early access APIs to deliver innovative mobile HMIChip suppliersBLE and UWB enablersCollaborates to achieve seamless interoperability at test eventsPartnership TBDNXP Partnership SummaryKey pointsDesign cycle time for auto is 3-5 years.Addressi

20、ng challenges early in design,rather than late in a cycle,shortens design cycles.To do this,customers need a supplier with expertise and partnership comments.NXP controls our own destiny with in-house software,validation,and hardwarePartnership and expertise shorten cycle time and streamline develop

21、mentThree NXP design cycle time advantages1.HardwareUpgradeable KW45 radio can follow the Bluetooth SIG standard as it evolvesFourth generation automotive silicon through re-use and innovationLeading radio feature set predicts what comes next in the standard2.SoftwareStacks developed and owned in-ho

22、useExpertise on-site for support and quick turn-around for bugsNXP can provide feature drops for early implementation of future SIG features3.ValidationThousands of validation tests for quick turnaround on bug fixes and new featuresPre-certification testing in-house streamlines certification process

23、Testing on flexible hardware and software provides SIG update agility4.Looking into the future(KW47)System implementation validated before integration in phone/carAnticipate and implement forward-looking features possibly expected in next standardsNXPs Journey of Innovation in Connected Auto1st Gene

24、ration1st to market with CAN and BLE(ICCE,ICCOA)KW35/363rd Generation1st to market with EdgeLock-secure channel sounding-ready BLE and flexible software-driven multi-core solution(adding AutoSAR)KW454th GenerationFocus on 6.0 spec on CS with standalone BLE with hardware accelerationKW472nd Generatio

25、n1st to market with smart access system to exceed standards requirements(adding CCC)KW37/38/39KW45 Enablement on the Web,Community,and Early Access ShareP web linkCommunity(NXP community) web linkThe best way to build a PCB using a KW45(car access)or K32W1(IoT/Industrial)first time right-NXP Communi

26、tyKinetis(KW35/38/KW45&K32W1/MCXW71)Power Profile Tools(including Localization)-NXP CommunityAutomotive Platform*Subject to change,NPI under executionKW35/6KW37/8KW45CoreFlash/SRAMM0+48 MHz512 kB/64kBM0+48 MHz512kB/64kBMain:M33 96 MHz,1.0MB/128kBRadio:M3 64 MHz,256KB/88KBPackage and pin-out40 HVQFN,

27、48 LQFNUp to 25 GPIO48 HVQFNUp to 25 GPIO40 HVQFN,48 HVQFNUp to 29 GPIOKey peripheralsFlexCAN 1.02x LPUART with LINFlexCAN 1.02x LPUART with LINFlexCAN 1.02x LPUART with LINBluetooth LE radioBluetooth LE 5.0(w/o LE coded PHY)Bluetooth LE 5.0Bluetooth LE 5.3CS(mandatory features provisioned)Radio per

28、formance-95 dBm 1Mbps sensitivityUp to 5 dBm-98 dBm 1Mbps sensitivityUp to 5 dBm-97.5 dBm 1Mbps sensitivityUp to 10 dBmSecurityCRC,TRNGAES-D,CRC,TRNGEdgeLock Secure EnclaveCRC,TRNG,key store,secure boot/debugRatingTemperature rangeIndustrial-40 to 105CIndustrial,AEC Q100 Grade 2-40 to 105CIndustrial

29、,AEC Q100 Grade 2-40 to 105CCCC phase 3 supportMCAL driversLongevity15 yearsSeptember 203315 yearsMay 203515 yearsSeptember 2037Software enablementKW47*Main:M33 96 MHz,2MB/256kBRadio:M33 64 MHz,512KB/170KBHardware Co-processor48 HVQFNUp to 29 GPIO2x FlexCAN 1.02x LPUART with LINBluetooth LE 6.0CS(ma

30、ndatory+optional+proprietary)-97.5 dBm 1Mbps sensitivityUp to 10 dBmEdgeLock Secure EnclaveCRC,TRNG,key store,secure boot/debugIndustrial,AEC Q100 Grade 2-40 to 125C15 yearsSeptember 2039Hardware featuresBLE in Smart Car Access SystemBLE RSSISignal strength based ranging with RSSI from adv.channelFe

31、ature supported by BLE stackLimited accuracy&security Limited advertising channels for RSSI acquiringBLE Anti-relay 1.0Signal strength based ranging with RSSI from adv.channelFeature supported by proprietary modeLimited accuracy&some securityUp to 37 data channels for RSSI acquiringBLE Anti-relay 2.

32、0Signal strength based ranging with RSSI from adv.channelFeature supported by hybrid mode(BLE&Proprietary)Limited accuracy&some securityUp to 37 data channels for RSSI acquiringBLE Anti-relay 2.0+Channel SoundingSignal strength&phase based rangingFeature supported by hybrid mode(BLE&Proprietary&CS)G

33、ood accuracy&good securityData channels RSSI acquiring&RTP&RTTBLE Channel Sounding only system shall be the best option in the coming years!NXP Anti-relay solution 1.0 Key features:Sniffer mode only by GFSK 4 links maximum Channel hopping with algo#1 Phone as master role 1M mode only Security enhanc

34、ed due to BLE link characteristics RSSI from data link avoiding interference of advertising channel Devices supported:KW38,KW45NXP Anti-relay solution 2.0 Key features:Sniffing&BLE modes 4 links maximum Channel hopping with algo#1 Phone as master role Support both 1M&2M mode Security enhanced due

35、 to BLE link characteristics RSSI from data link avoiding interference of advertising channel Devices supported:KW45NXP BLE Connection Handover Establish BLE link with one anchor based on RSSI or other criteria Share connection parameters by CAN bus Handover link to other anchor Connection establish

36、ed always with the latest anchor Support both RSSI and Channel SoundingCAN busBLE LinkSniffingHandoverMovementChannel Sounding based localization solutions Channel Sounding based localization solutions 1 to 4 scenario Handover:enabled Ranging accuracy:up to 50cm Configuration Connection interval:10m

37、s Ranging channels:72 Repeat mode:disabled Antenna diversity:2 Ranging mode:mode 0&mode 2(RTP)Algorithm:RADE Parameters handover interface:CAN(with Edge Lock enabled,optional)Channel Sounding based localization solution-advantages Support 1 to many scenario(1 to 4)BLE connection&CS tone handover Con

38、nection interval 10ms/30ms.Support Handover and CS ranging sequentially CS is more accurate than RSSI location.CAN-FD network for fast parameters sharingRanging system breakdown&validation strategyThe performance of a ranging system depends on multiple factors.Each individual building block in the s

39、ystem contributes to the ranging accuracy.Validation strategy includes multiple test setups(conducted scenarios,anechoic chamber,radiated environments)with the objective to isolate the contribution of each component of the system.Test scenarios(not exhaustive)LOS large grass fieldLOS&non-LOS-Empty p

40、arking lotLOS indoor(meeting room)Inside a carConducted&shieldedAnechoic chamberConducted with interferenceLOS&non-LOS parking lotBack pocket-parking lotEmpty parking lot example1 dot 1 location where 20 measurements are executed.Dot color Mean absolute distance error computed over the 20 measuremen

41、tsEvaluation of the ranging accuracy is elaborated with a significant number of locations.For each location,multiple distance measurements are executed for statistical analysis.mobile device anchor deviceEmpty parking lot scenarioDot color standard deviation computed over the 20 measurementsRanging

42、algorithm under testEmpty parking lot exampleQ90 population+/-0.3mUsing all the measurement data,an empirical “Cumulative Distribution Function”can be elaborated to synthesize the ranging performance.mobile device anchor deviceEmpty parking lot scenarioLine of Sight conditionsNeed Antenna Diversity

43、for Difficult EnvironmentObjective:assess the ranging performances in a highly reflective environment.Demonstrate the antenna diversity impact on performances.Meeting Room Hosted SRDEKW45 SDK 2.12.0(PRC3)Hosted SRDE,single antennaHosted SRDE,dual antenna5.5m1.0mParameterTypUnitStep mode/algo90%inter

44、val5.5mMode 2/hosted SRDEParameterTypUnitStep mode/algo90%interval1.0mMode 2/hosted SRDERadio-frequency(RF)part of CSFocus on a switch and antennasKW 47matchingfilterswitchcablingcablingexecutes CS proceduresuppressesfrequencies outof 2.4 GHz bandswitchesamongantennasconnectsantennasif neededminimiz

45、es reflections fromRF pin of KW47Radiation Patternthe relative strength of the radiated or received field in various directions from the antenna,at a constant distance.Antenna GainGain of an antenna is closely related to directivity and efficiencyIsotropic radiatorAn isotropic radiator is a hypothetical or fictitious radiator,an isotropic source radiates in all direction uniformlyThe radiated power goes through a sphere in all directions with same intensity.End