APTA：2023年公共交通概況手冊（英文版）（52頁）.pdf

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1、 2023 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATIONFACT BOOKII|APTA2023 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATIONFACT BOOK74th EditionMarch 2024APTA leads public transportation in a new mobility era,advocating to connect and build thriving communities.APTAs Purpose StatementAPTA|1 2023 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION FACT BOOK|1CONTENTS 2 Today,Public

2、Transit in America is 4 National Totals Table 6 Public Transit System Overview Total Number of Systems,Number of Modes Operated,Number of Rail Systems,Rail and BRT Openings10 Passenger Travel Unlinked Passenger Trips by Mode,Unlinked Passenger Miles by Mode,Average Trip Length by Mode,VMT vs.Passeng

3、er Mile Growth,Population vs.Ridership Growth,ACS Transit Commuting Statistics13 Service Provided Vehicle Revenue Miles Operated,Vehicle Revenue Hours Operated,Average Vehicle Speed,Modal Shares of Service 15 Vehicles Vehicles Available for Maximum Service,Vehicle Age by Mode,Vehicle Accessibility,B

4、us Passenger Equipment,Bus Fuel Type,Total Mechanical Failures,Revenue Vehicle Maintenance18 Infrastructure Route Miles by Mode,Passenger Station Amenities,Transit Station Accessibility,Fare Payment Technology,Maintenance Facilities20 Employment Total Employees,Employees by Function,Employees by Mod

5、e,Transit Employee Compensation,Average Employee Compensation20 Energy Fossil Fuel Consumption,Electricity Consumption,Rail Vehicle Miles Operated per Kilowatt Hour21 Safety Total Transit Related Fatalities and Accidents22 Capital and Operating Funding Total Transit Funding,Passenger Fare Revenue,Av

6、erage Base Fare,Capital Funding by Source,Operating Funding by Source 25 Capital and Operating Expenses Capital Expenses,Capital Expenditures by Type,Operating Expenses,Operating Expenditures by Function,Comparative Operating Costs Among Modes27 Transit Spending and Contracting in the Private Sector

7、 Estimated Expenditures in the Private Sector,Revenue Hours Contracted 28 Canadian Summary Passenger Boardings,Total Vehicle Miles Operated,Vehicle Age,Revenue Vehicles,Total Employees30 Amtrak Summary Passenger Travel,Funding,Capital Investments31 Modal Rankings National Totals for Selected Modes,5

8、0 Largest Agencies,50 Urbanized Areas with the Most Transit Travel,Listing of Largest Agencies by Mode,Listing of Largest Rural Agencies by Mode45 APTA and the Fact Book Fact Book Methodology,Additional Fact Book Resources,APTA and the History of the Fact Book2|APTATODAY,PUBLIC TRANSIT IN AMERICA IS

9、Reducing Gasoline ConsumptionGallons of Gas Savedeach year by using public transportation(According to TCRP“Report 226:An Update on Public Transportations Impacts on Greenhouse Gas Emissions”)6.0BILLIONMore EfficientIncrease in vehicle miles operated per kilowatt-hour over the Past 30 YearsFostering

10、 Energy Independence430K+5-to-12,000+$42 Billion$382 MillionPeople work for public transportation agenciesECONOMIC RETURN produced by long-term investment in public transit50K Jobscreated and supported per$1 billion investment in job creationIN TAX REVENUE supported per$1 billion investment in job c

11、reationSUPPLIERS in 48 states and DCIN TRANSIT SPENDING flows to the private sector (59%increase since 2020)More thanJob CreationLowering Carbon Emissions*(According to APTAs 2023 Vehicle Database)Leading in Clean Technology55%less CO2 emissions by using public transit rather than a car(According to

12、 TCRP“Report 226:An Update on Public Transportations Impacts on Greenhouse Gas Emissions”)CO2 Share of Hybrid Electric Buses*2010:7.0%2023:18.3%SupportingPrivate-Sector JobsHeavy RailLight Rail/Streetcar(According to APTAs“Economic Impact of Public Transportation Investment:2020 Update”)25%16%1,600+

13、ZERO-EMISSION BUSESAPTA|3 2023 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION FACT BOOK|3TODAY,PUBLIC TRANSIT IN AMERICA IS36.87 BILLION Total Passenger Miles Traveled7.11 BILLION Trips in 2023Current Ridership(According to APTAs“Who Rides Public Transportation”)Growing the Economyof trips on transit directly benefit the lo

14、cal economy87%50%of trips are to and from work 37%of trips are to shopping and recreational spending(less priority than trips to work)1,2814.5K+929Serving All CommunitiesPublic transit agencies areRuralUrbanNonprofit 79%of buses have security cameras78%of buses have automated stop announcements6%of

15、buses have ped/bike detectionDriving Innovation61972021Number of rail systems is growingIncrease in rail station accessibility Increase in bus accessibility86.2%20012021Addressing Equity*transit system accessibility is also affected by station accessibilityof transit riders earn under$50k/year55%74%

16、52%99.9%20014|APTAStatistical Category Bus Commuter Demand Transit Total Roadway Commuter Heavy Rail Light Rail Streetcar Ferryboat Total Fixed-Total All Bus Response Vanpool Modes Rail Guideway Transit(b)ModesSystems,Number of 1,142 161 6,377 107 6,640 30 15 23 23 45 119 6,710Trips,Unlinked Passeng

17、er(Millions)2,266.3 24.1 105.2 16.3 2,483.1 149.5 1,607.2 176.7 16.6 41.5 2,009.7 4,492.8Miles,Passenger(Millions)8,423.7 575.0 869.2 638.6 10,688.4 3,828.8 7,405.1 967.7 33.4 280.2 12,570.0 23,258.4Trip Length,Average(Miles)3.7 23.8 8.3 39.1 4.3 25.6 4.6 5.5 2.0 6.8 6.3 5.2Miles,Vehicle Total(Milli

18、ons)2,055.0 111.6 1,123.1 137.4 3,458.3 305.8 639.6 102.5 5.1 4.3 1,068.1 4,526.4Miles,Vehicle Revenue(Millions)1,803.7 81.8 947.1 137.4 2,999.2 286.7 620.1 100.4 4.9 4.2 1,026.8 4,025.9Hours,Vehicle Total(Millions)163.9 4.7 74.9 3.3 250.1 10.6 34.1 6.5 0.8 0.5 53.3 303.4Hours,Vehicle Revenue(Millio

19、ns)149.6 3.4 62.3 3.3 221.7 9.7 32.4 6.3 0.7 0.5 50.4 272.1Speed,Vehicle in Revenue Service,Average(mph)12.1 24.1 15.2 41.8 13.5 29.6 19.1 16.0 6.8 8.8 20.4 14.8Fares Collected,Passengers(Millions)2,128.3 162.6 336.8 87.3 2,768.7 969.3 2,255.2 172.3 13.4 177.2 3,600.4 6,369.1Revenue per Unlinked Tri

20、p,Average 0.9 6.7 3.2 5.3 1.1 6.5 1.4 1.0 0.8 4.3 1.8 1.4Expense,Operating Total(Millions)23,617.9 901.7 5,626.5 128.3 30,845.3 6,610.6 9,362.2 2,378.6 218.0 836.9 19,710.7 50,556.0Operating Expense by Object Class:Salaries and Wages(Millions)8,715.1 276.1 1,225.6 24.3 10,465.2 1,871.7 3,616.4 805.5

21、 80.4 281.4 6,726.1 17,191.3 Fringe Benefits(Millions)7,033.3 214.3 785.0 14.2 8,252.6 1,672.1 3,411.5 656.0 58.9 163.9 6,009.5 14,262.2 Services(Millions)1,978.1 72.3 496.9 16.0 2,635.9 684.6 886.9 438.0 19.7 72.7 2,148.1 4,784.0 Materials and Supplies(Millions)2,003.9 71.5 310.0 13.1 2,431.1 533.4

22、 441.6 205.4 10.2 126.4 1,335.2 3,766.3 Utilities(Millions)278.6 9.0 51.9 2.0 355.3 282.7 569.0 142.3 6.0 14.5 1,023.1 1,378.4 Casualty and Liability(Millions)593.8 32.0 149.1 9.7 793.9 212.5 300.2 46.6 5.2 24.4 600.6 1,394.5 Purchased Transportation(Millions)2,809.6 201.8 2,564.7 47.6 5,633.3 1,191

23、.1 51.9 66.9 36.5 131.9 1,579.1 7,212.3 Other(Millions)205.5 24.7 43.5 1.3 278.0 162.4 84.7 18.0 1.3 21.7 289.1 567.1Operating Expense by Function Class:Vehicle Operations(Millions)11,598.5 365.1 1,685.7 16.7 13,985.4 1,965.0 3,110.4 863.7 74.9 430.9 6,494.5 20,479.9 Vehicle Maintenance(Millions)3,9

24、28.6 126.5 312.5 10.9 4,465.2 1,325.2 1,635.6 491.7 54.7 96.6 3,660.7 8,125.9 Non-Vehicle Maintenance(Millions)982.2 47.0 90.4 4.4 1,165.1 1,114.1 2,993.5 454.8 16.1 46.1 4,663.4 5,828.5 General Administration(Millions)4,299.0 161.3 973.2 48.7 5,596.3 1,015.1 1,570.7 501.6 35.9 131.4 3,313.1 8,909.4

25、 Purchased Transportation(Millions)2,809.6 201.8 2,564.7 47.6 5,633.3 1,191.1 51.9 66.9 36.5 131.9 1,579.1 7,212.3Expense,Capital Total(Millions)5,017.1 123.4 595.3 6.1 5,917.2 4,912.3 8,155.5 4,719.3 219.0 334.5 18,482.3 24,399.5 Rolling Stock(Millions)2,732.3 97.3 399.2 5.4 3,324.6 1,030.7 688.8 3

26、95.5 41.5 148.1 2,323.1 5,647.7 Facilities,Guideway,Stations,Admin.Buildings(Millions)1,732.6 23.8 157.0 0.0 1,997.6 3,515.3 6,087.0 3,995.7 143.3 172.4 13,993.5 15,991.1 Other(Millions)552.1 2.3 39.1 0.7 595.0 366.4 1,379.7 328.1 34.2 14.0 2,165.6 2,760.7Revenue Vehicles Available for Maximum Servi

27、ce 66,180 4,739 73,029 12,156 158,817 7,706 10,942 2,390 374 256 22,110 180,927Revenue Vehicles Operated at Maximum Service 47,934 2,717 49,471 9,070 110,377 5,543 9,484 1,376 224 170 17,013 127,390Employees,Operating 188,770 7,155 96,009 795 296,071 31,435 47,836 12,309 1,518 7,227 102,118 398,189

28、Employees,Vehicle Operations 130,248 4,885 75,644 133 213,198 11,431 16,995 5,323 775 5,186 40,313 253,511 Employees,Vehicle Maintenance 31,651 1,272 7,709 133 41,271 8,871 8,679 2,569 454 531 21,713 62,984 Employees,Non-Vehicle Maintenance 6,364 286 1,967 56 8,884 7,745 17,218 2,574 137 511 28,481

29、37,365 Employees,General Administration 20,507 712 10,689 474 32,717 3,387 4,944 1,843 153 999 11,612 44,329Employees,Capital 3,408 121 222 9 3,812 4,004 7,821 1,049 91 130 13,102 16,914Diesel Fuel Consumed(Gallons,Millions)291.4 20.6 8.6 0.0 323.7 104.6-42.5 148.5 472.2Other Fossil Fuel Consumed(Ga

30、llons,Millions)209.5 2.9 149.0 7.3 369.9 0.5-1.7 2.5 372.5Electricity Consumed(kWh,Millions)29.9 0.3 0.5 0.1 91.8 1,421.0 3,394.9 812.7 45.1-5,752.6 5,844.4National Totals for Selected Modes,Report Year 2021(a)APTA|5 2023 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION FACT BOOK|5Statistical Category Bus Commuter Demand Tran

31、sit Total Roadway Commuter Heavy Rail Light Rail Streetcar Ferryboat Total Fixed-Total All Bus Response Vanpool Modes Rail Guideway Transit(b)ModesSystems,Number of 1,142 161 6,377 107 6,640 30 15 23 23 45 119 6,710Trips,Unlinked Passenger(Millions)2,266.3 24.1 105.2 16.3 2,483.1 149.5 1,607.2 176.7

32、 16.6 41.5 2,009.7 4,492.8Miles,Passenger(Millions)8,423.7 575.0 869.2 638.6 10,688.4 3,828.8 7,405.1 967.7 33.4 280.2 12,570.0 23,258.4Trip Length,Average(Miles)3.7 23.8 8.3 39.1 4.3 25.6 4.6 5.5 2.0 6.8 6.3 5.2Miles,Vehicle Total(Millions)2,055.0 111.6 1,123.1 137.4 3,458.3 305.8 639.6 102.5 5.1 4

33、.3 1,068.1 4,526.4Miles,Vehicle Revenue(Millions)1,803.7 81.8 947.1 137.4 2,999.2 286.7 620.1 100.4 4.9 4.2 1,026.8 4,025.9Hours,Vehicle Total(Millions)163.9 4.7 74.9 3.3 250.1 10.6 34.1 6.5 0.8 0.5 53.3 303.4Hours,Vehicle Revenue(Millions)149.6 3.4 62.3 3.3 221.7 9.7 32.4 6.3 0.7 0.5 50.4 272.1Spee

34、d,Vehicle in Revenue Service,Average(mph)12.1 24.1 15.2 41.8 13.5 29.6 19.1 16.0 6.8 8.8 20.4 14.8Fares Collected,Passengers(Millions)2,128.3 162.6 336.8 87.3 2,768.7 969.3 2,255.2 172.3 13.4 177.2 3,600.4 6,369.1Revenue per Unlinked Trip,Average 0.9 6.7 3.2 5.3 1.1 6.5 1.4 1.0 0.8 4.3 1.8 1.4Expens

35、e,Operating Total(Millions)23,617.9 901.7 5,626.5 128.3 30,845.3 6,610.6 9,362.2 2,378.6 218.0 836.9 19,710.7 50,556.0Operating Expense by Object Class:Salaries and Wages(Millions)8,715.1 276.1 1,225.6 24.3 10,465.2 1,871.7 3,616.4 805.5 80.4 281.4 6,726.1 17,191.3 Fringe Benefits(Millions)7,033.3 2

36、14.3 785.0 14.2 8,252.6 1,672.1 3,411.5 656.0 58.9 163.9 6,009.5 14,262.2 Services(Millions)1,978.1 72.3 496.9 16.0 2,635.9 684.6 886.9 438.0 19.7 72.7 2,148.1 4,784.0 Materials and Supplies(Millions)2,003.9 71.5 310.0 13.1 2,431.1 533.4 441.6 205.4 10.2 126.4 1,335.2 3,766.3 Utilities(Millions)278.

37、6 9.0 51.9 2.0 355.3 282.7 569.0 142.3 6.0 14.5 1,023.1 1,378.4 Casualty and Liability(Millions)593.8 32.0 149.1 9.7 793.9 212.5 300.2 46.6 5.2 24.4 600.6 1,394.5 Purchased Transportation(Millions)2,809.6 201.8 2,564.7 47.6 5,633.3 1,191.1 51.9 66.9 36.5 131.9 1,579.1 7,212.3 Other(Millions)205.5 24

38、.7 43.5 1.3 278.0 162.4 84.7 18.0 1.3 21.7 289.1 567.1Operating Expense by Function Class:Vehicle Operations(Millions)11,598.5 365.1 1,685.7 16.7 13,985.4 1,965.0 3,110.4 863.7 74.9 430.9 6,494.5 20,479.9 Vehicle Maintenance(Millions)3,928.6 126.5 312.5 10.9 4,465.2 1,325.2 1,635.6 491.7 54.7 96.6 3

39、,660.7 8,125.9 Non-Vehicle Maintenance(Millions)982.2 47.0 90.4 4.4 1,165.1 1,114.1 2,993.5 454.8 16.1 46.1 4,663.4 5,828.5 General Administration(Millions)4,299.0 161.3 973.2 48.7 5,596.3 1,015.1 1,570.7 501.6 35.9 131.4 3,313.1 8,909.4 Purchased Transportation(Millions)2,809.6 201.8 2,564.7 47.6 5

40、,633.3 1,191.1 51.9 66.9 36.5 131.9 1,579.1 7,212.3Expense,Capital Total(Millions)5,017.1 123.4 595.3 6.1 5,917.2 4,912.3 8,155.5 4,719.3 219.0 334.5 18,482.3 24,399.5 Rolling Stock(Millions)2,732.3 97.3 399.2 5.4 3,324.6 1,030.7 688.8 395.5 41.5 148.1 2,323.1 5,647.7 Facilities,Guideway,Stations,Ad

41、min.Buildings(Millions)1,732.6 23.8 157.0 0.0 1,997.6 3,515.3 6,087.0 3,995.7 143.3 172.4 13,993.5 15,991.1 Other(Millions)552.1 2.3 39.1 0.7 595.0 366.4 1,379.7 328.1 34.2 14.0 2,165.6 2,760.7Revenue Vehicles Available for Maximum Service 66,180 4,739 73,029 12,156 158,817 7,706 10,942 2,390 374 25

42、6 22,110 180,927Revenue Vehicles Operated at Maximum Service 47,934 2,717 49,471 9,070 110,377 5,543 9,484 1,376 224 170 17,013 127,390Employees,Operating 188,770 7,155 96,009 795 296,071 31,435 47,836 12,309 1,518 7,227 102,118 398,189 Employees,Vehicle Operations 130,248 4,885 75,644 133 213,198 1

43、1,431 16,995 5,323 775 5,186 40,313 253,511 Employees,Vehicle Maintenance 31,651 1,272 7,709 133 41,271 8,871 8,679 2,569 454 531 21,713 62,984 Employees,Non-Vehicle Maintenance 6,364 286 1,967 56 8,884 7,745 17,218 2,574 137 511 28,481 37,365 Employees,General Administration 20,507 712 10,689 474 3

44、2,717 3,387 4,944 1,843 153 999 11,612 44,329Employees,Capital 3,408 121 222 9 3,812 4,004 7,821 1,049 91 130 13,102 16,914Diesel Fuel Consumed(Gallons,Millions)291.4 20.6 8.6 0.0 323.7 104.6-42.5 148.5 472.2Other Fossil Fuel Consumed(Gallons,Millions)209.5 2.9 149.0 7.3 369.9 0.5-1.7 2.5 372.5Elect

45、ricity Consumed(kWh,Millions)29.9 0.3 0.5 0.1 91.8 1,421.0 3,394.9 812.7 45.1-5,752.6 5,844.4(a)Data for all public transportation service,urbanized area and rural.(b)Total figure represents more modes than included in this table.6|APTAPublic transportation includes urban,rural,bus systems,paratrans

46、it,bus rapid transit(BRT),water-borne services,subways,light rail,streetcars and other urban rail networks,and passenger rail,from commuter rail to intercity high-speed systems.Public transportation is available in every state across the United States,both in cities and more rural areas,providing bi

47、llions of commuter,leisure,non-emergency medical and specialized trips each year.In report year 2021,approximately 6,800 orga-nizations provided public transportation through avariety of modes.An estimated 4,580 nonprofit providers make up the majority of these organizations.Systems operating in urb

48、anized and rural areas receive grant money from the Federal Transit Administration(FTA)and report to the National Transit Database(NTD)as full,reduced or rural systems.Of the 2,210 NTD reporting systems,1,281 were in rural areas and 929 were in urbanized areas(Figure 1).1Figure 2 depicts the number

49、of modes operated by public transit systems,with demand response being the mode most operated.Demand response services are point-to-point operations often used by people with disabilities or people unable to travel on fixed-route service.Demand response vans may also substitute for fixed-route servi

50、ce at off-peak times,such as late at night.Public Transit System OverviewAPTA|7 2023 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION FACT BOOK|7Bus rapid transit systems offer lower-cost options for providing efficient,high-capacity transportation with features such as defined stations,traffic signal priority,and increased f

51、requencies.The FTA defines fixed guideway BRT as operating at least 50 percent of peak service in a separate right of way,as opposed to corridor-based BRT systems,which do not.Sixteen fixed guideway BRT systems were operating triple the number from 2011.In addition,there were also 1,142 bus and 161

52、commuter bus systems operating.A total of 45 ferryboat systems were operational in 2021,7 more than in 2011.Figure 3,on the next page,shows how the num-ber of rail systems around the country continues to grow.Of the 97 rail systems now operated by public transit agencies,only nine have been operatin

53、g since the 19th century.Compared with 2001,there were 15 additional commuter/hybrid rail systems and 20 additional light rail/streetcar systems.Heavy rail systems are often referred to as“subways”or“metros”and do not interact with traffic.Light rail and streetcars constitute “surface rail”and may o

54、perate on streets,with or without their own dedicated lanes.Finally,commuter rail services are higher-speed,higher-capacity trains with less-frequent stops.Commuter rail traditionally is used to connect people from suburban areas to city centers.Hybrid rail is a subset of commuter rail operating exc

55、lusively on freight railroad right-of-way.Three rail extensions opened in 2021.Figure 4 shows these three extensions along with one new BRT system and two BRT extensions that opened in 2021.Cities such as Charlotte and Orlando continue to add to their rail networks,making high-quality transit availa

56、ble to more people.Other cities,including Seattle,Los Angeles and Denver,have recently made significant investments in capital expansion projects,resulting in increased rail ridership.From 2001 to the end of 2021,73new systems and 138 extensions(both rail and busway)opened,resulting in a total of 1,

57、760additional segment miles.1 Urbanized areas are defined as areas with a population over 50,000 people.Figure 1:The Majority of Transit Systems are in Rural AreasNumber of NTD Reporting Transit Systems1,281929SOURCE:NATIONAL TRANSIT DATABASESOURCE:APTA FACT BOOK ANALYSIS*Consists of trolleybus,vanp

58、ool,ferryboat and other fixed-guideway modesUrbanized Areas Rural Areas Figure 2:The Majority of Systems Operate Demand Response ServiceNumber of Systems Offering a Mode of Service2,0001,8001,6001,4001,2001,0008006004002000RailBus1,182971,797173 Demand ResponseOther*8|APTASOURCE:APTA FACT BOOK ANALY

59、SISFigure 4:New Rail and BRT Infrastructure Expanding Public Transits Reach2021 Rail and BRT OpeningsUrbanized Area Reno,NVCharlotte,NCBoston,MASeattle,WASan Diego,CAMinneapolis,MNOrganization RTC Washoe CountyCharlotte Area Transit SystemMassachusetts Bay Transportation AuthoritySound TransitSan Di

60、ego Metropolitan Transit SystemMetro TransitModeRBSRRBLRLRRBFigure 3:52 More Rail Systems Now Than 30 Years AgoCount of Rail Systems50454035302520151050199119921993199419951996199719981999200020012002200320042005SOURCE:APTA FACT BOOK ANALYSISAPTA|9 2023 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION FACT BOOK|9Segment Line

61、or Route NameVirginia St BRTCityLynx Gold Line Phase IIColumbus Ave BuswayNorthgate Link Line 1Mid-Coast Corridor Blue LineOrange LineLine Segment Miles1.82.50.74.310.917.3Number of Added Stations71183912Date Opened3/8/218/30/2110/30/2110/2/2111/21/2112/4/21Project Type New SystemExtensionExtensionE

62、xtensionExtensionExtension504540353025201510501991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021Heavy Rail Commuter and Hybrid Rail Light Rail and Streetcar10|APTADue to the COVID-19 pandemic,public transportation ridership in

63、 report year 2021 was much lower than in previous years.Unlinked passenger trips are an industry measure of ridership,with a trip being defined as any time a person boards a transit vehicle,including trans-fers.Public transportation provided 4.49 billion unlinked passenger trips in report year 2021,

64、a decrease of 25 percent compared to 2020.(Figure 7).Based on NTD data on rural and various reduced reporting systems,ridership in rural areas is estimated at 114.1 million trips.2 Different demographics of rural communities may make public transit particularly valuable to society.3 While rural tran

65、sit provided just over 2 percent of all transit trips across the country,the trips were typically critical for connecting users to needed services.The pandemic changed the distribution of bus and rail trips dramatically.Rail trips declined more than bus trips,as rail systems carried more office comm

66、uters who could work from home.As a result,roadway modes such as bus and demand response made up 55.3 percent of trips taken,higher than the 2017-2019 average of 50.4%.(Figure 8).When dissecting by mode,bus ridership declined by 28.3 percent from 2020 to 2021,to 2.3 billion trips.4 Heavy rail riders

67、hip decreased 9.6 percent from 2020 to 2021,to 1.61 billion trips.Light rail and streetcar ridership decreased by 47.7 percent from 2020 to 2021,to 193mil-lion trips.Commuter and hybrid rail ridership decreased by 43.9 percent from 2020 to 2021,Passenger Travel2 Based on rural and reduced systems re

68、porting to NTD.Actual figures may differ.3 For more information,see APTAs report“Public Transportations Impact on Rural and Small Towns”at Bus counting methodology changed after 2006.Figure 5:Transit Ridership Is Split Between Rail and Roadway ModesShare of Unlinked Passenger Trips by Mode,2021Figur

69、e 6:Rail Modes Carry Passengers for More MilesShare of Passenger Miles by Mode,2021SOURCE:APTA FACT BOOK ANALYSISSOURCE:APTA FACT BOOK ANALYSISLight Rail and Streetcar 4%Light Rail and Streetcar 4%Heavy Rail 36%Heavy Rail 32%Commuter and Hybrid Rail 3%Commuter and Hybrid Rail 17%Demand Response 2%De

70、mand Response 4%Commuter Bus 1%Commuter Bus 2%Bus,BRT,Trolleybus 52%Bus,BRT,Trolleybus 37%Other2%Other4%APTA|11 2023 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION FACT BOOK|11Figure 7:Ridership and Distance Traveled on Public Transit2001-2021Figure 8:Pandemic Reversed Shift Toward RailShare of Unlinked Passenger TripsSOURC

71、E:APTA FACT BOOK ANALYSISSOURCE:APTA FACT BOOK ANALYSIS1211109876543212011010090807060504030202000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021Trips (Billions)Miles (Billions)100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%19311936194119461951195619611966197119761981198619911

72、99620012006201120162021Unlinked Passenger TripsTotal Roadway Modes ReportedPassenger Miles TraveledTotal Fixed-Guideway Modes12|APTAto 153 million trips.Finally,demand response ridership decreased 23.1 percent from 2020 to 2021,to 105 million trips.Passenger miles are the culmination of the distance

73、s traveled by passengers on public transportation.Mirroring ridership,the number of transit passenger miles traveled decreased in report year 2021 to 23.3 billion,a 29.2 percent decrease from 2020.Rail modes make up a major-ity of the total passenger miles taken(53 percent).The average public transi

74、t trip length decreased slightly in report year 2021,to 5.2 miles.The longest average trip was taken on a vanpool at 39.1miles,while the shortest average trip was taken on a trolleybus at 1.9 miles.The average trip length on light rail was 5.2 miles;heavy rail,4.6 miles;bus,3.7 miles;commuter bus,23

75、.8miles;commuter rail,25.2 miles;and street-car,2.0 miles.Over the past two decades,the growth of public transit passenger miles had generally tracked with vehicle miles traveled,until the pandemic(Figure 9).5 These metrics compare the total distance traveled by riders on public transportation and t

76、he total distance traveled by drivers on highways.The growth of public transportation ridership fell slightly below that of the nations population growth in the years leading up to the pandemic.(Figure 10).6 Increased automobile ownership,reduced gasoline prices,mobile ride-hailing,and flexible tele

77、working schedules are all likely contributors to the fluctuations in travel trends.The importance of public transit as a means of travel to work is substantial,with more than 5.0million Americans commuting to work on transit.7 That is equivalent to 3.1 percent of workers who commute by public transp

78、ortation.The top 10 metropolitan areas ranked by percentage of public transit commuters were New York City(23.8 percent);Boston(8.0 percent);San Francisco(7.8 percent);Chicago(7.0percent);Washington,DC(6.0 percent);Bridgeport,CT(6.0 percent);Philadelphia(5.7percent);Ithaca,NY(5.2 percent);Hono-lulu(

79、4.6 percent);and Champaign-Urbana,IL(4.6percent).Since metropolitan statistical Figure 9:Distance Traveled on Public Transit Fell Faster than on HighwaysVehicle Miles Traveled vs Transit Passenger Miles Growth Since 200130%20%10%0%-10%-20%-30%-40%-50%-60%200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112

80、012201320142015201620172018201920202021SOURCE:APTA FACT BOOK ANALYSIS AND FHWA TRAVEL TRENDS Transit Passenger MilesVehicle Miles TraveledAPTA|13 2023 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION FACT BOOK|13In report year 2021,public transportation in the United States provided 4.03 billion vehicle rev-enue miles of serv

81、ice,equating to 272.1million hours of revenue service,both decreases from 2020(Figure 11).Vehicle revenue miles and hours are both critical service measurements and record the distance that public transporta-tion vehicles travel while in service,and for how long they operate in service.Figure 12 com

82、pares the percentages of all public transportation services provided and utilized by modal grouping.More than half of vehicle revenue hours operated are provided by buses,which carry a similar percentage of all passengers.Since bus passengers take shorter trips and buses operate at lower speeds comp

83、ared with other modes,they carry fewer than 40 percent of all passenger miles traveled.In contrast,rail vehicles provide only 18 percent of vehicle revenue hours of service,butdue to their longer and higher-speed tripsaccount for 53 percent of all passenger miles traveled on public transit.The highe

84、st average vehicle speed was provided by transit vanpool and commuter rail service,both of which carry passengers on long trips,at 41.8 and 29.5 miles per hour,respectively.Heavy rail,because of its right-of-way separation from other traffic,offers fast service in higher-density urban areas,operatin

85、g at an average Service Provided30%20%10%0%-10%-20%-30%-40%-50%-60%200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021SOURCE:APTA FACT BOOK ANALYSIS AND U.S.CENSUS BUREAUPopulation GrowthRidership Growthareas(MSAs)are comprised of entire counties and often include si

86、gnificant amounts of rural land,actual transit usage within each urban area is higher than the ACS number.5Highway vehicle miles traveled sourced from the Federal Highway Administrations“Travel Volume Trends.”6Population data sourced from the U.S.Census Bureau.7Commuting data sourced from the U.S.Ce

87、nsus Bureaus“American Community Survey.”Figure 10:Transit Ridership Growth Fluctuates with Population GrowthPopulation vs Ridership Growth Since 200114|APTAspeed of 19.1 miles per hour.Modes operating entirely in traffic on city streets are slower.Bus service,which operates in suburbs as well as in

88、central cities,averages 12.3 miles per hour.Other modes operate at lower speeds when they are in denser areas and stop more frequently.Transit agencies have been experimenting with new mobility pilots to expand their service reach.These may be classified as first/last-mile services,paratransit suppl

89、ements or microtransit services.APTAs“2022 Fare Database”recorded 58 transit agencies that have mobility pilots,either with Uber,Lyft,other private operators or in-house operators.For more details about new mobility initiatives,please visit the APTA Mobility Innovation Hub.8100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%

90、20%10%0%2%4%4%2%Unlinked TripsPassenger MilesVehicle Revenue MilesVehicle Revenue Hours43%53%53%39%25%18%2%4%24%48%23%57%Figure 11:Public Transit Agencies Decrease Service During PandemicVehicle Revenue Miles(VRM)and Hours(VRH)OperatedFigure 12:Different Modes Serve Different PurposesModal Shares of

91、 Service Provided and Consumed,20216005505004504003503002502006,0005,5005,0004,5004,0003,5003,0002,5002,000Hours (Millions)Miles (Millions)200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021SOURCE:APTA FACT BOOK ANALYSISSOURCE:APTA FACT BOOK ANALYSISVRM OperatedVRH O

92、peratedBusDemand ResponseRailOther8 https:/ 2023 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION FACT BOOK|15Public transportation systems in the United States operated 127,390 railcars,buses,vans and other vehicles in a typical peak period during report year 2021,out of a total of 180,927vehicles available for service (Figu

93、re13).Demand response service and bus modes make up the majority of vehicles available,at 73,029 and 71,449,respectively.The heavy rail fleet of 10,942 vehicles is the largest among the rail modes.The fuel distribution of the bus fleet has evolved dramatically over the past two decades(Figure 14).Mo

94、re than 95 percent of buses VehiclesFigure 13:The Transit Vehicle Fleet On a 20-Year Upward TrendRevenue Vehicles Available for Maximum ServiceFigure 14:Buses Making Transition to Alternative FuelsPercentage of Buses by Fuel Source200,000180,000160,000140,000120,000100,000200120022003200420052006200

95、720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021SOURCE:APTA FACT BOOK ANALYSISSOURCE:2023 APTA VEHICLE DATABASE(a)includes Battery-Electric,Hydrogen and Propane Buses100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%20102011/201320142015201620172018201920202023DieselNatural GasHybridBiodieselGasolineOther(a

96、)16|APTAwere diesel powered as recently as 1995,but that percentage has declined as more environmentally friendly natural gas and hybrid buses have been introduced.According to APTAs Vehicle Database,in 2023 less than half(49.6 percent)of all buses were diesel powered.Hybrid electric buses saw their

97、 market share increase from 1 percent in 2005 to 18 percent in 2023.The percentage of buses powered by natural gas has increased from 19 percent in 2010 to 25 percent in 2023.The FTA establishes a minimum useful life that a vehicle must exceed before federal financial assistance can be used to repla

98、ce it.Many vehicles are rehabilitated,thereby extending their useful lives and reducing maintenance costs.Figure 15 details how the average age of vehicles by mode compares with the stated minimum useful life.9 APTA estimates that approximately 15 percent of buses,36 percent of commuter rail locomot

99、ives,31 percent of commuter rail cars,42 percent of heavy rail cars,29 percent of light Figure 15:Transit Fleet Age Compared to FTA Minimum Useful Life GuidelinesVehicle Age by ModeFigure 16:Transit Buses Continue to Add Amenities and TechnologyPercentage of Buses with Passenger Equipment,2013-20233

100、0252015105090%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%BusFerryboatTrolleybusLight Rail and StreetcarHeavy RailDemand ResponseCommuter Rail LocomotivesCommuter/Hybrid Rail Cars128.3252542525152525.65.122.57.229.526.619.630252015105090%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%Automated Stop AnnouncementSecurity or CCTV Type Camer

101、aExterior Bicycle RackAutomatic Vehicle Locator or GPSTraffc Light PreemptionWi-FiElectric OutletsAutomatic Passenger CounterPedestrian Detection80%74%84%71%25%10%34%1%11%1%71%38%7%81%62%78%56%SOURCE:2023 APTA VEHICLE DATABASESOURCE:2023 APTA VEHICLE DATABASE2023 Average AgeFTA Minimum Life201320239

102、 Federal requirement for“Minimum Useful Life”in FTA C 9300.1B,“Capital Investment Program Guidance and Application Instruction,”at www.fta.dot.gov.APTA|17 2023 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION FACT BOOK|17100%93%82%92%68%94%94%100%99%82%100%70%100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%BusTrolleybusLight Rail and Street

103、carHeavy RailDemand ResponseCommuter and Hybrid Railrail vehicles and 32 percent of demand response vehicles exceed their useful life.The increase in the percentage of buses with technological equipment illustrates the sustained effort by the public transportation industry to make travel safer,easie

104、r and more efficient for riders(Figure 16).The industrys focus on security is seen in the increase in buses equipped with closed-circuit security cameras,which rose from 62 percent to 81 percent between 2013 and 2023.Enhanced passenger amenities such as automated stop announce-ments and exterior bus

105、 bicycle racks also increased,from 56 percent to 78 percent and from 74 percent to 80 percent,respectively.The growth of automatic passenger counters and vehicle location systems increase the availability of information on bus arrival times and make public transit data more accurate and accessible.I

106、ncreased use of technology,such as traffic light preemption,can help better deploy transit vehicles,manage congestion and increase system performance.APTAs Vehicle Database now includes data on autonomous features in transit vehicles,such as emergency braking,lane-keeping assist,adaptive cruise cont

107、rol,pedestrian detection and collision warning/mitigation.Many of these technologies are still in their infancy as it pertains to bus transit vehicles.The 2023 Vehicle Database noted 284 buses with collision warning/mitigation,lane-keeping assist,and pedestrian/bicyclist detection.APTA looks forward

108、 to monitoring the proliferation of these technologies.As shown in Figure 17,the public transit vehicle fleet has reached near total accessibility for people using wheelchairs and those with other disabilities affecting travel.From 2003 to 2023,the percentage of accessible buses increased from 93 pe

109、rcent to 99.9 percent.Over the same period,the accessible portion of the commuter rail fleet increased from 68 percent to 82 percent,the light rail fleet increased from 82 percent to 92 percent,and the trolleybus fleet increased from 70 percent to 100 percent.One safety priority for commuter rail pu

110、blic transportation systems has been the transition to positive train control(PTC).PTC is a complex signaling and communications technology designed to make commuter and intercity rail operations even safer.PTC uses a series of sensors and integrated monitoring systems that track key movement of tra

111、ins and conditions on rail tracks in real time to identify potentially hazardous situations.If certain unsafe situ-ations arise,PTC will automatically trigger a trains braking system to slow it and prevent an accident,such as a train-to-train collision.All commuter rail systems have successfully met

112、 the 2020 PTC congressional deadline and are fully implemented.Full implementation of PTC for publicly funded commuter railroads required a more than$4 billion investment.COMMUTER RAIL:These longer-distance services typically connect suburban areas to the city center.SURFACE RAIL:Refers to both ligh

113、t rail and streetcar modes.Streetcars typically do not have dedicated lanes,while light rail does.Figure 17:Public Transit Vehicles Have Made Substantial Progress in AccessibilityPercentage of Vehicles Accessible by Mode,2003-2023SOURCE:2023 APTA VEHICLE DATABASE2003202318|APTARail transit systems o

114、wn track and rights-of-way,stations,administrative buildings,and maintenance facilities.Bus systems have passenger stations and stops,maintenance facilities,parking lots,administrative buildings,and dedicated roadways.Directional route miles are a National Transit Database metric that counts all the

115、 rights-of-way on which rail vehicles operate.If they operate in one direction,then the right-of-way is counted as one mile for each physical mile.If vehicles operate in both directions,then the right-of-way is counted as two miles.Neither number of routes operated along a direction,nor the number o

116、f tracks,affects the count of directional route miles (Figure 18).Commuter and hybrid railroads have the most route mileage(more than 9,277 miles combined),while heavy rail and light rail/streetcar have 1,681 and 1,838 miles,respectively.Light rail and streetcar modes have seen an impressive gain in

117、 the percentage of total rail directional route miles since 2011,increasing by 20 percent.Commuter and hybrid rail directional route mileage increased by 6 percent over the same time period.For rail modes,this translates into 12,840miles of revenue service track,with a total of 8,775 grade crossings

118、.Buses(including BRT,trolley and commuter)operate on more than 219,000 miles of streets and roads throughout the United States.Although most bus services operate in mixed traffic,they also operate on 4,600 miles of exclusive and controlled right-of-way roadway miles.Out of this,1,255 miles are exclu

119、sive fixed-guideway,right-of-way roadways where only transit can operate,such as busways or dedicated bus lanes.The remaining lane miles are either permanent HOV lanes,or lanes that may be transit-dedicated for certain periods and open to general traffic for others(typically during off-peak times).T

120、he industry has seen an increase in electronic devices at rail stations,making for better passenger information and improved safety.According to APTAs 2018 Infrastructure Database,between 2000 and 2018,the number of rail stations with public address systems grew from 47 percent to 79 percent,the num

121、ber of rail stations with vehicle arrival time displays grew from 3 percent to 70 percent and the number of rail stations with informational video displays grew from 12 percent to 47 percent(Figure 19).In addition,55 percent of rail stations today have security cameras,and 21 percent have Wi-Fi.The

122、percentage of accessible rail stations has InfrastructureFigure 18:Commuter and Surface Rail Service Miles GrowingRail Directional Route MilesSOURCE:NATIONAL TRANSIT DATABASEHeavy RailCommuter RailLight Rail and StreetcarOther14,00012,00010,0008,0006,0004,0002,000020112012201320142015201620182017202

123、020212019MilesAPTA|19 2023 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION FACT BOOK|19grown from 52 percent to 74 percent from 2002 to 2021.Figure 20 details accessibility percentages for all modes,according to the NTD.There are 5,879 transit passenger stations across the country.A passenger station refers to a boarding are

124、a with a platform.These stations are equipped with a total of 2,842 escalators and 3,207 elevators.Transit payment systems are also quickly evolving.The percentage of public transit systems offering“smart cards”has jumped from 25 percent in 2013 to 47 percent in 2022.Some agencies are adopting open

125、payment systems,which can accept contactless debit/credit cards and mobile phone payments,as well as agency smart cards.APTAs Fare Database estimates that 27 percent of public transit systems are now offering these open payment technologies.Dependability is critical to ensuring high-qualitypublic tr

126、ansit service.In report year 2021,2,510 total maintenance facilities were recorded.10 For service directly operated by transit agencies,1,464 facilities were owned and 133 were leased.For purchased transportation service,242 were owned by private transit pro-viders,313 were owned by public agencies,

127、and 358were leased.Figure 19:Rail Stations Adding Customer Amenities and Improving AccessPercentage of Rail Passenger Stations with Amenities,2000-2018Figure 20:More Transit Stations Are AccessiblePublic Transit Station Accessibility by Mode,2002-2021100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%BusTotal Station

128、sLight Rail and StreetcarHeavy RailFerryboatCommuter and Hybrid Rail98%94%73%55%88%85%59%37%89%72%82%77%80%60%40%20%0%Public Address SystemsVehicle Arrival Time DisplaysSecurity CamerasWi-FiADA AccessibilitySOURCE:2018 APTA INFRASTRUCTURE DATABASESOURCE:NATIONAL TRANSIT DATABASE200020022018202110 In

129、cludes agency facilities that do not report based on size.20|APTAIn report year 2021,the public transportation industry employed 415,103 people.Approxi-mately 96 percent were operating employees,and 4 percent were capital employees.Operating employees include workers in the vehicle operations and ma

130、intenance,non-vehicle maintenance,and general administration functions.Transit agency capital employees perform specialized activities and do not include employees of vehicle manufacturers,engineering firms,building contractors or other companies with capital investment contracts from public transit

131、 agencies.The 2020 breakdown of transit operating employees by mode remains similar to past years,with 50 percent working with all bus modes,24 percent with demand response,12 percent with heavy rail,8 percent with commuter and hybrid rail,3 percent with surface rail,and 2 percent with the remaining

132、 modes.Direct employees were paid a total of$17.2 billion and received benefits of$14.3 billion,for a total compensation of$31.5 billion.Adjusted for inflation,this is less than the$32.8 billion level in 2020.Average operating employee compen-sation decreased by 0.5 percent to$75,772.The public tran

133、sit industry consumed 845 million gallons of fossil fuels in report year 2021,a decrease of 6 percent from 2020(Figure 22).Buses also used 35 million kilowatt-hours(kWh)of electric battery power,reflecting the increase in use of electric buses.While diesel remains the predominant fossil fuel,its mar

134、ket share has declined as cleaner fuels such as compressed natural gas(CNG)and biodiesel have gained in popularity.In report year 2021,public transit consumed 472 million gallons of diesel(com-pared to 650 million in 2010),178 million gallons of CNG,149 million gallons of gasoline,32 mil-lion gallon

135、s of biodiesel,and 14 million gallons ofother fossil fuels.Public transit vehicles used a total of 5.8 billion kWh of electricity for propulsion power in report year 2021,down 7 percent from 2020.Of that,heavy rail modes were responsible for 3.4 billion kWh,commuter rail 1.4 billion kWh,light rail a

136、nd streetcar 0.9 billion kWh,trolleybus 48 million kWh and other modes 79 million kWh.Advance-ments in technology and operations can help EmploymentEnergyVehicle OperationsFacility MaintenanceCapitalVehicle MaintenanceGeneral AdministrationSOURCE:APTA FACT BOOK ANALYSISFigure 21:Majority of Transit

137、Employees Work in Vehicle Operations and MaintenancePercentage of Transit Employees by Function11%9%15%61%4%PEOPLE EMPLOYED in the public transportation industry in 2021415,103APTA|21 2023 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION FACT BOOK|21In 2021,there were 321 transit-related fatalities.Of these,57 were transit pa

138、ssengers/occupants,13 were transit workers/employees,and the remainder were other incidents.NTD also reported 6,202 transit collision events,105 derailments and 1,654 security events in 2021.Public transportation is one of the safest mobility options,as there were 134 times more fatalities on highwa

139、ys(42,939)than on transit in 2021.APTAs report“The Hidden Traffic Safety Solution:Public Transportation”12 discusses the many benefits that transit offers for public safety.One safety priority for commuter rail public transportation systems has been the transition to positive train control(PTC).PTC

140、is complex signaling and communications technology designed to make rail operations even safer.PTC uses a series of sensors and integrated monitoring systems that track key movement on trains and conditions on rail tracks in real time to identify potentially hazardous situations.If an unsafe speed s

141、ituation arises,PTC will automatically trigger a trains braking system to slow it and prevent an accident,such as a train-to-train collision.All commuter rail systems have successfully met the December 2020 deadline for full PTC implementa-tion.Full implementation of PTC for publicly funded commuter

142、 railroads is estimated to be a more than$4 billion investment.Safety11reduce energy use.For example,data indicates that electrically powered transit rail cars have be-come more efficient.The number of vehicle miles operated for light rail vehicles and streetcars per kWh of electricity used rose 25

143、percent from 1991 to 2021,and the number of vehicle miles per kWh of electricity used for heavy rail vehicles increased 16 percent for the same period.Figure 22:Fuel Consumption Drops Due to Pandemic Service DecreasesTotal Fossil Fuel ConsumptionDieselCNGOtherGasolineSOURCE:APTA FACT BOOK ANALYSIS1,

144、2001,000800600400200020112012201320142015201620172018 2019 20202021Gallons (Millions)11 https:/www.bts.gov/topics/national-transportation-statistics.12 https:/ transportation operations are funded by passenger fares;public transit agency earnings;and financial assistance from state,local and federal

145、 governments.Capital investment is reported only as government funds in the NTD.Adjusted for inflation,report year 2021 total transit funding decreased by 5.6 percent to 78.1 billion (Figure23).Revenue generated from passenger fares varies across transit modes.The highest level of average revenue pe

146、r unlinked passenger trip was generated by commuter rail($6.36)and commuter bus($6.74),the modes that represent the longer trip lengths for passengers.Bus and light rail had passenger fare revenues per unlinked trip of$0.94 and$0.98,respectively.Heavy rail had an average fare per trip of$1.40.Among

147、all modes,the average passenger fare per unlinked trip was$1.42.As most systems paused collecting fares due to the pandemic and ridership dropped,passenger fare revenue declined by 33 percent in report year 2021 to$6.4 billion(Figure 24).Fare policies vary across agencies,but in general,fares were l

148、ower for bus modes and relatively similar for light rail and heavy rail modes.According to APTAs 2022 Fare Database,the average bus fare was$1.55,the average light rail fare was$2.14,the average heavy rail fare was Capital and Operating FundingFigure 23:Total Funding for Public TransitTransit Fundin

149、g(In 2021 dollars)90807060504030201917151311975BillionsBillions1991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021 1991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018

150、201920202021 1917151311975BillionsBillions1991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021 SOURCE:APTA FACT BOOK ANALYSISSOURCE:APTA FACT BOOK ANALYSISFigure 24:Passenger Fare Collections Declined Due to PandemicPassenger Fa

151、re Revenue,1991-2021(In 2021 dollars)APTA|23 2023 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION FACT BOOK|23$9$8$7$6$5$4$3$2$1$0BusLight RailCommuter RailHeavy RailFerryboatTrolleybusSOURCE:APTA FACT BOOK ANALYSISLocal Plus Directly Generated AssistanceState AssistanceFederal Assistance$2.25,and the average commuter rail f

152、are was$4.41(Figure 25).These are all base fares and refer to the minimum adult fare for a single trip on a regular service.Figure 26 shows how capital funding sources have changed since report year 1991.Federal capital funds decreased by 2.7 percent from 2020 to 2021 to$9.0 billion.State capital as

153、sistance(funding from state governments)increased by 18.0 percent to$6.4 billion.Directly generated and local capital assistance decreased by 14.8 percent to$9.0bil-lion.Directly generated assistance refers to agency funds such as passenger fare revenues,parking revenues,advertising revenues or bond

154、 revenues.Local assistance includes funds provided by a local government to a public transit agency,in many cases using local sales taxes or property taxes.Federal assistance provided 36 percent of capital funds in report year 2021.State assistance made up 25 percent of funding,while local and direc

155、tly generated assistance made up 36 percent of funding.Figure 25:Revenue Generated from Passenger Fares Varies Across ModesAverage Base Fare Comparison,2010 and 2022(In 2022 dollars)Figure 26:Local Communities Have Largest Share of Capital InvestmentCapital Funding by Source(In 2021 dollars)19911992

156、19931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021121086420BillionsSOURCE:2022 APTA FARE DATABASE2010202224|APTAThe operating funding mix has changedconsid-erably since the onset of the COVID pandemic (Figure 27).In report year 2021,f

157、ederal assistance was the largest source of funding(37percent)while local and directly generated assistance was the second largest source(27percent),followed by state assistance(21percent)and fares and agency revenues(15 percent).Passenger fares and other agency revenue fell by 30percent from 2020 t

158、o 2021,to$8.3 billion.Local and directly generated assis-tance fell by 15 percent to$14.5 billion,and state assistance fell by 16percent to$11.1 billion.Due to the continued provision of COVID relief funds,federal operating funding increased 30 percent to$19.9billion in report year 2021.Figure 27:Fe

159、deral COVID Relief Critical for TransitOperating Funding by Source(In 2021 dollars)Figure 28:Capital Expenses by Mode,2021Figure 29:Operating Expenses by Mode,20212520151050Billions19911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202

160、02021SOURCE:APTA FACT BOOK ANALYSISPassenger Fares and OtherLocal Plus Directly Generated AssistanceState AssistanceFederal AssistanceBus TotalCommuter and Hybrid RailSurface RailwayOtherDemand ResponseHeavy RailSOURCES:APTA FACT BOOK ANALYSIS2%2%20%5%33%19%13%11%20%3%21%50%APTA|25 2023 PUBLIC TRANS

161、PORTATION FACT BOOK|25In report year 2021,total public transportation expenditures were$75.0 billion,with$50.6bil-lion(67 percent)spent on operations and$24.4billion(33 percent)on capital investments.When broken out by mode,the bus modes make up the largest amount of operating expenses at$25.1 billi

162、on,followed by heavy rail at$9.4bil-lion,commuter and hybrid rail at$6.7 billion,and demand response at$5.6 billion.Heavy rail had the largest amount of capital expenditures at$8.2 billion,followed by bus modes at$5.3bil-lion,commuter and hybrid rail at$4.9 billion,and surface rail at$4.9 billion.Of

163、 report year 2021 capital expenditures,66per-cent($16.0 billion)went to facilities,23 percent($5.6 billion)to rolling stock,and 11 percent($2.8 billion)to other capital investments.Figure30 shows this breakdown by capital expenditure subcategory.Of report year 2021 operating expenditures,41percent w

164、ent to vehicle operations($20.4bil-lion),18 percent to general administration($8.9billion),16 percent to vehicle maintenance($8.1 billion),14 percent to purchased transpor-tation($7.2 billion)and 12 percent to non-vehicle maintenance($5.8 billion).Operating expenditures are measured by function(the

165、type of activity performed,as already listed)and by object(labor expenses and the type of goods or services purchased).Salaries,wages and fringe benefits for employees Capital and Operating ExpensesFigure 30:Capital Expenditures by Type,2021Fare Revenue Collection Equipment 1%Passenger Stations 16%G

166、uideway 39%Rolling Stock(Passenger and Service Vehicle)Expenditures23%Other 2%Communication and Information Systems 8%Administrative Buildings 3%Maintenance Facilities 8%SOURCE:APTA FACT BOOK ANALYSISBILLION public transportation capital expenditures in 2021$24.426|APTADEMAND RESPONSE:Point-to-point

167、 operations commonly used by people with disabilities or people unable to travel on fixed-route service.Demand response vans may also substitute for fixed-route service at off-peak times(such as late at night).of public transit agencies account for 62 percent of total operating expenses.Operating ex

168、penses by object class are shown in Figure 31.Figure 32 shows the variability when comparing operating costs based on different metrics.When measured by cost per vehicle mile,railway modes such as commuter rail and light rail are more expensive than roadway modes because they use larger vehicles ove

169、r shorter service miles.When measured by cost per unlinked passenger trip,heavy rail is the least expensive because of the high-capacity service offered.Demand response trips are more expensive per trip because these vehicles carry fewer passengers.Figure 31:Total Operating Expenses by Object Class,

170、2021Purchased Transportation 14%Utilities 3%Materials and Supplies 7%Services 10%Fringe Benefits 28%Salaries and Wages 34%Other 1%Casualty and Liability 3%SOURCES:APTA FACT BOOK ANALYSISSOURCE:APTA FACT BOOK ANALYSISFigure 32:Demand Response Most Expensive per Rider,Least Expensive per Distance Trav

171、eledComparative Operating Cost Among Modes,2021All Bus ModesLight Rail and StreetcarCommuter and Hybrid RailHeavy RailDemand Response50403020100Cost per Vehicle Revenue MileCost per Unlinked Passenger TripOF TOTAL OPERATING EXPENSES from salaries,wages and fringe benefits62%APTA|27 2023 PUBLIC TRANS

172、PORTATION FACT BOOK|27VANPOOL:A ride-sharing arrangement providing transportation for people within a specific geographic area.Nearly all public transit services are provided by or contracted for by public agencies.A large portion of the funds expended by those agencies,however,is spent in the priva

173、te sector(Figure 33).In report year 2021,expen-ditures in the private sector were estimated at$42.2 billion(56 percent of all transit expen-ditures),a 3.5 percent decrease from 2020(inflation-adjusted).All capital expenditures are estimated to be for goods and services provided by the private sector

174、,as well as operating expenditures for services,materials and sup-plies.This includes motor fuel,utilities(including propulsion power for electrically powered vehi-cles),a portion of casualty and liability costs and a portion of purchased transportation costs.A significant number of public transit s

175、ervices are contracted for operation(formally known as purchased transportation)approximately 27 percent in 2021.13 The percentage of service provided by contractors for different modes is shown in Figure 34.Measured by vehicle revenue hours,about 73 percent of demand response service was provided b

176、y contractors,along with 65 percent of vanpool service,33 percent of commuter bus service,21 percent of bus service and 7 percent of rail service.The percentage of bus service contracted for operation has increased marginally over the past decade,from 15 percent to 21 percent.Most notable is the van

177、pool mode,which has seen its share of contracted revenue hours increase from 43 percent in 2011 to 65 percent in 2021.Most of the vehicles operated by contractors were provided by public transit agencies,with approximately 88 percent of all contractor-operated buses owned by transit agencies.About 7

178、7 percent of the vehicles used by contractors in demand response service were owned by public transit agencies,compared with just 11 percent for vanpool.Transit Spending and Contracting in the Private SectorSOURCE:APTA FACT BOOK ANALYSISFigure 33:Public Transit Expenditures Flow to Private SectorEst

179、imated Transit Expenditures in the Private Sector(In 2021 dollars)50454035302520151019931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021Billions13 This analysis is for urban transit systems only(full and reduced reporters in the NTD).28

180、|APTAPassenger TravelInformation from 102 urban Canadian public transit systems reveals that passenger boardings (equivalent to U.S.unlinked passenger trips)in 2021 decreased by 14 percent to 1.34 billion trips(Figure 35).Similarly to the United States,public transportation ridership and service was

181、 severely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.According to the Canadian Urban Transit Association(CUTA),69 percent of public transit trips were taken in the metropolitan Toronto,Montreal and Vancouver regions.Canadian Summary14Figure 34:Demand Response and Vanpool Services are the Most Contracted Mode

182、sPercent of Revenue Hours Contracted by Mode(Urban Systems Only)3.532.521.51Billions20052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021SOURCE:CANADIAN URBAN TRANSIT ASSOCIATIONTotalRailDemand ResponseBusCommuter BusVanpool0%20%40%60%80%100%SOURCE:APTA FACT BOOK ANALYSISDirectly Oper

183、atedContracted14 Source:Canadian Urban Transit Association.Figure 35:Ridership Impacted by COVID-19 PandemicCanadian Passenger BoardingsAPTA|29 2023 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION FACT BOOK|29Service ProvidedTotal vehicle miles operated in Canada increased by1 percent,compared to a 7 percent decrease in the

184、United States.(Figure36).Total vehicle miles operated is the distance traveled by vehicles,including both revenue and“dead-head”miles.Public transportation in Canada is also composed of specialized transit services,whose data is not included in the statistics above.Canadian specialized transit servi

185、ces are essentially demand response services for people who are unable to climb steps or walk long distances.According to CUTA,283,448 registrants took more than 11.2 million passenger trips,an increase of 5 percent.The 114 systems reporting tallied 45.8 million total vehicle miles in 2021.VehiclesT

186、he average standard bus age in 2019 was approximately 8.6 years,with bus fleet accessibility at 99.7 percent.The average light rail age was 18.7 years,and the average heavy rail age was 22.7 years.A total of 20,966 rev-enue vehicles were recorded across modes in 2021.EmployeesThe number of Canadian

187、transit employees in 2021 was 62,032,of which 50 percent were vehicle operators and 14 percent worked in vehicle maintenance,20 percent in general administration,9 percent in non-vehicle maintenance,and 7 percent in transportation operations.Figure 36:Long-Term Growth in Service InterruptedTotal Can

188、adian Vehicle Miles850800750700650600550500450400Millions20052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021SOURCE:CANADIAN URBAN TRANSIT ASSOCIATION30|APTAIntercity passenger rail is a critical resource for local economies and a valuable part of the transportation network.Amtrak op

189、erates more than 21,300 route miles,has more than 500 stations and employs approximately 19,600people.An important contractor for public transit agencies,Amtrak operates com-muter service for Marylands MARC,Connecti-cut DOT and Southern Californias Metrolink.Amtrak also provides infrastructure acces

190、s to other public transit agencies.Passenger TravelIn fiscal year(FY)2022,Amtrak service and ridership continued to be significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.FY 2022 rider-ship increased by 88 percent(to 22.9 million trips)compared to FY 2022.Ridership on the Northeast Corridor increased by

191、 109 percent to 9.2 million trips.Ridership on state-supported routes increased by 85 percent to 10.2 million trips,and ridership on long-distance routes increased by 56 percent to 3.5 million trips.FundingIn FY 2022,Amtrak increased total revenues by 48 percent to$2.8 billion.It received$2.9 billio

192、n in federal appropriations in FY 2022.Capital InvestmentsAmtrak is significantly investing to improve their capital assets.Current capital priorities include installing operational positive train control(PTC),launching a Safety Management System(SMS),state-of-good-repair work on the Northeast Corri

193、dor,new train interiors,the manufacturing of a new Acela train fleet,issuing an RFP for the replacement of the current diesel locomotive fleet,and station improvements across the nation.Amtrak Summary15Figure 37:FY 2022 Ridership Shows RecoveryPassenger Trips(FY 2015-FY 2022)35302520151050FY 2015FY

194、2016FY 2017FY 2018FY 2019FY 2022FY 2021FY 2020Millions15 Sources:https:/ FY 2020 RIDERSHIP AND REVENUENortheast CorridorState SupportedLong DistanceAPTA|31 2023 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION FACT BOOK|31For complete size ranking lists of all transit agencies and urbanized areas reported in the Federal Trans

195、it Administration 2021 National Transit Database,see the 2023 Public Transportation Fact Book,Appendix B:Operating Statistics and Rankings at .These rankings include only public transit agencies that reported in the Federal Transit Administration FY 2021 National Transit Database.About“report years”

196、:National Transit Database data are collected for a“report year,”which is each public transit agencys fiscal year that ends during a calendar year.As a result,the data for each individual transit agency may differ based on the 12months that make up that agencys fiscal year.This is especially importa

197、nt to consider in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and recovery from the pandemic.Modal Rankings,Report Year 202132|APTATable 1:The 50 Largest Transit Agencies(Ranked by Unlinked Passenger Trips)TRANSIT AGENCY URBANIZED UNLINKED PASSENGER TRIPS PASSENGER MILES AREA(THOUSANDS)(THOUSANDS)2020 2021

198、 2020 2021MTA New York City Transit New York,NY 1,540,475.1 1,727,404.3 5,683,892.6 6,723,530.9Chicago Transit Authority Chicago,IL 197,499.8 195,980.6 781,888.7 798,583.3Los Angeles County Metro.Transp.Auth.Los Angeles,CA 305,907.0 194,719.8 1,523,635.3 752,826.9Massachusetts Bay Transportation Aut

199、hority Boston,MA 277,410.8 120,951.8 1,273,921.3 483,531.5New Jersey Transit Corporation New York,NY 205,926.7 109,762.0 2,438,549.9 1,128,298.6Southeastern Pennsylvania Transp.Auth.Philadelphia,PA 241,553.2 105,812.1 1,092,751.8 432,509.8Washington Metro.Area Transit Authority Washington,DC 273,545

200、.9 89,940.4 1,282,228.3 371,231.4MTA Bus Company New York,NY 72,562.2 82,347.8 202,709.6 230,457.7City and County of San Francisco San Francisco,CA 170,594.3 61,756.7 344,878.6 112,158.7King County Department of Metro Transit Seattle,WA 60,165.9 52,698.4 259,894.7 207,901.5County of Miami-Dade Miami

201、,FL 56,397.2 51,159.8 313,635.8 289,879.9MTA Long Island Rail Road New York,NY 43,484.9 49,167.6 1,229,284.5 1,420,978.6Denver Regional Transportation District Denver,CO 52,314.7 48,777.2 290,743.3 291,260.3Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Auth.Atlanta,GA 90,827.8 46,393.8 534,601.9 250,586.3Metro

202、.Transit Auth.of Harris County,Texas Houston,TX 65,047.5 44,914.3 388,402.4 254,476.5Maryland Transit Administration Baltimore,MD 77,761.2 42,337.0 522,106.6 214,587.3Tri-County Metro.Transp.District of Oregon Portland,OR 78,183.7 40,308.5 329,202.2 178,612.5San Diego Metropolitan Transit System San

203、 Diego,CA 71,224.1 39,214.8 357,312.7 213,438.1City of Phoenix Public Transit Department Phoenix,AZ 30,630.5 38,687.7 109,722.5 136,987.4Dallas Area Rapid Transit Dallas,TX 49,943.8 35,434.9 314,011.9 219,216.0Regional Transp.Comm.of Southern Nevada Las Vegas,NV 56,896.6 34,342.4 225,728.0 141,105.8

204、Metro Transit Minneapolis,MN 35,905.0 32,861.1 152,056.7 137,024.6Metro-North Commuter Railroad Company New York,NY 29,537.8 32,360.5 671,883.8 737,222.1Port Authority Trans-Hudson Corporation New York,NY 29,940.8 32,073.7 150,980.3 161,154.7City and County of Honolulu Honolulu,HI 49,880.5 28,714.6

205、236,005.3 133,031.0VIA Metropolitan Transit San Antonio,TX 32,143.3 23,986.2 154,181.7 117,803.6Utah Transit Authority Salt Lake City,UT 23,559.3 23,972.3 177,817.1 176,646.3Port Authority of Allegheny County Pittsburgh,PA 51,787.2 22,468.1 219,073.5 93,003.8Alameda-Contra Costa Transit District San

206、 Francisco,CA 45,165.4 21,535.0 175,394.2 84,128.6Orange County Transportation Authority Los Angeles,CA 33,009.0 20,607.4 155,734.3 104,424.3San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District San Francisco,CA 91,007.0 17,839.7 1,251,984.7 238,270.2Central Puget Sound Regional Transit Auth.Seattle,WA 15,8

207、70.0 17,768.9 174,808.2 179,207.7Bi-State Development Agency St.Louis,MO 30,271.7 17,382.7 183,728.7 103,611.2Capital Metropolitan Transportation Auth.Austin,TX 22,702.5 16,815.9 124,603.8 92,641.6Westchester County New York,NY 16,810.7 16,641.6 69,064.7 70,692.2Milwaukee County Milwaukee,WI 18,278.

208、9 15,998.4 58,270.8 52,582.9Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Auth.Cleveland,OH 16,862.5 15,873.0 78,689.7 68,202.3Broward County Bd.of County Commissioners Miami,FL 18,459.2 15,560.4 92,137.6 69,437.4County of Nassau New York,NY 14,441.0 15,437.5 85,083.4 89,514.5Washington State Ferries Seattle,W

209、A 19,376.3 15,326.7 146,367.0 108,124.7Central Florida Regional Transportation Auth.Orlando,FL 17,706.2 14,130.5 100,388.4 79,820.3Long Beach Transit Los Angeles,CA 18,388.1 14,113.4 57,824.7 44,104.4Northeast Illinois Reg.Commuter Railroad Corp.Chicago,IL 16,731.0 14,080.8 359,336.2 304,989.5Pace-S

210、uburban Bus Division Chicago,IL 14,565.5 13,229.2 101,045.3 90,929.1Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority San Jose,CA 28,707.5 12,055.7 150,017.5 63,965.7City of Tucson Tucson,AZ 13,452.0 11,624.8 51,473.6 49,065.6Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority Buffalo,NY 23,851.7 11,319.2 77,365.9

211、37,181.8Hillsborough Area Regional Transit Authority Tampa,FL 9,027.0 10,448.2 52,077.7 42,370.5Pinellas Suncoast Transit Authority Tampa,FL 10,910.8 10,115.4 61,566.1 54,646.7Montgomery County,Maryland Washington,DC 16,314.0 10,078.0 70,725.3 39,750.0APTA|33 2023 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION FACT BOOK|33

212、Table 2:The 50 Urbanized Areas with the Most Transit Travel(Ranked by Unlinked Passenger Trips)URBANIZED AREA POPULATION UNLINKED PASSENGER TRIPS PASSENGER MILES (2010 CENSUS)(THOUSANDS)(THOUSANDS)2020 2021 2020 2021New York-Newark,NY-NJ-CT 18,351,295 1,948,037.5 2,061,952.2 10,316,694.5 10,373,745.

213、5Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim,CA 12,150,996 430,030.9 263,738.4 2,293,792.8 1,088,209.3Chicago,IL-IN 8,608,208 232,234.8 226,792.5 1,284,873.6 1,241,638.6Boston,MA-NH-RI 4,181,019 283,961.9 124,912.3 1,319,919.9 509,654.1Philadelphia,PA-NJ-DE-MD 5,441,567 268,764.8 124,278.6 1,330,665.3 572,766.4W

214、ashington,DC-VA-MD 4,586,770 321,376.8 112,775.3 1,830,226.4 513,561.1San Francisco-Oakland,CA 3,281,212 310,407.4 104,026.2 1,824,867.6 452,959.3Seattle,WA 3,059,393 101,668.8 92,708.3 629,438.9 542,203.8Miami,FL 5,502,379 88,073.2 75,909.4 548,079.0 449,832.8Phoenix-Mesa,AZ 3,629,114 55,568.9 51,2

215、26.9 272,499.2 220,304.9Atlanta,GA 4,515,419 95,624.5 49,118.0 612,839.3 283,600.5Portland,OR-WA 1,849,898 87,267.4 45,563.0 356,671.2 200,311.8Houston,TX 4,944,332 65,477.0 45,268.1 392,068.5 257,545.4Denver-Aurora,CO 2,374,203 48,605.3 45,228.2 276,643.2 277,535.9San Diego,CA 2,956,746 80,515.1 44

216、,198.6 500,013.8 287,346.7Baltimore,MD 2,203,663 73,510.1 42,735.1 334,071.8 195,582.5Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington,TX 5,121,892 55,685.4 40,398.2 347,777.9 254,038.6Minneapolis-St.Paul,MN-WI 2,650,890 42,824.8 37,091.4 193,897.6 174,523.1Las Vegas-Henderson,NV 1,886,011 56,896.6 34,342.4 225,728.0 14

217、1,105.8Urban Honolulu,HI 802,459 48,737.4 27,923.7 230,344.1 129,206.0San Antonio,TX 1,758,210 32,164.9 23,996.3 154,423.4 117,880.7Pittsburgh,PA 1,733,853 53,172.3 23,244.3 236,145.8 101,641.9Tampa-St.Petersburg,FL 2,441,770 20,739.1 21,178.4 123,881.4 106,156.5St.Louis,MO-IL 2,150,706 31,910.0 18,

218、298.4 196,850.5 110,745.4Austin,TX 1,362,416 22,766.5 16,865.8 124,603.8 92,641.6Milwaukee,WI 1,376,476 19,153.6 16,854.7 62,763.1 56,214.4Salt Lake City-West Valley City,UT 1,021,243 16,414.5 16,775.6 100,939.9 100,200.3Cleveland,OH 1,780,673 17,361.6 16,377.7 83,009.0 72,682.4San Jose,CA 1,664,496

219、 33,655.5 13,406.7 257,767.6 86,831.1Detroit,MI 3,734,090 27,968.2 12,173.1 179,819.6 89,329.6Orlando,FL 1,510,516 15,365.1 11,927.8 99,267.3 73,781.7Cincinnati,OH-KY-IN 1,624,827 10,273.0 11,811.7 61,271.9 65,161.1Tucson,AZ 843,168 13,596.5 11,760.9 53,614.0 50,219.3Buffalo,NY 935,906 23,834.7 11,3

220、12.8 77,304.1 37,160.7Kansas City,MO-KS 1,519,417 12,375.2 10,701.4 43,459.9 39,845.4Hartford,CT 924,859 14,910.9 10,397.9 102,018.0 55,007.5Albany-Schenectady,NY 594,962 15,153.5 9,929.9 65,932.2 44,243.2Columbus,OH 1,368,035 10,579.9 9,247.4 44,097.2 39,961.9New Orleans,LA 899,703 9,053.7 9,193.0

221、30,108.0 29,565.4Charlotte,NC-SC 1,249,442 20,576.8 9,166.4 104,191.7 43,546.8Providence,RI-MA 1,190,956 14,814.7 8,954.1 77,553.7 51,179.6Sacramento,CA 1,723,634 19,522.3 8,644.4 100,131.6 42,843.9Bridgeport-Stamford,CT-NY 923,311 10,658.8 8,385.0 77,319.9 75,554.5Richmond,VA 953,556 9,138.2 8,087.

222、2 47,493.5 40,999.0Rochester,NY 720,572 14,156.2 7,389.6 49,232.7 22,232.5New Haven,CT 562,839 9,062.0 7,233.5 82,737.0 73,413.9Atlantic City,NJ 248,402 11,816.7 7,146.8 97,010.9 54,107.6Durham,NC 347,602 11,382.3 6,857.1 36,395.1 25,253.4Virginia Beach,VA 1,439,666 10,401.6 6,607.9 52,274.5 32,181.

223、3Fresno,CA 654,628 9,729.7 6,100.6 45,482.8 31,528.534|APTATable 3:50 Urbanized Areas with the Most Transit Travel(Ranked by Ridership Per Capita)URBANIZED AREA POPULATION 2021 UNLINKED RIDERSHIP (2010 CENSUS)PASSENGER TRIPS PER CAPITA (THOUSANDS)NNew York-Newark,NY-NJ-CT 18,351,295 2,061,952.2 112.

224、4Urban Honolulu,HI 802,459 27,923.7 34.8San Francisco-Oakland,CA 3,281,212 104,026.2 31.7Ames,IA 60,438 1,862.3 30.8Seattle,WA 3,059,393 92,708.3 30.3Boston,MA-NH-RI 4,181,019 124,912.3 29.9Atlantic City,NJ 248,402 7,146.8 28.8Ithaca,NY 53,661 1,494.9 27.9Boulder,CO 114,591 3,050.9 26.6Chicago,IL-IN

225、 8,608,208 226,792.5 26.3Portland,OR-WA 1,849,898 45,563.0 24.6Washington,DC-VA-MD 4,586,770 112,775.3 24.6Champaign,IL 145,361 3,483.5 24.0Philadelphia,PA-NJ-DE-MD 5,441,567 124,278.6 22.8Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim,CA 12,150,996 263,738.4 21.7Iowa City,IA 106,621 2,178.2 20.4Waterbury,CT 194,53

226、5 3,865.0 19.9Durham,NC 347,602 6,857.1 19.7Baltimore,MD 2,203,663 42,735.1 19.4Barnstable Town,MA 246,695 4,768.4 19.3Denver-Aurora,CO 2,374,203 45,228.2 19.0Las Vegas-Henderson,NV 1,886,011 34,342.4 18.2Eugene,OR 247,421 4,277.8 17.3Lafayette,IN 147,725 2,479.8 16.8Albany-Schenectady,NY 594,962 9,

227、929.9 16.7Danbury,CT-NY 168,136 2,762.9 16.4Salt Lake City-West Valley City,UT 1,021,243 16,775.6 16.4San Marcos,TX 52,826 861.4 16.3Bellingham,WA 114,473 1,864.4 16.3Trenton,NJ 296,668 4,705.5 15.9Gainesville,FL 187,781 2,888.6 15.4Williamsburg,VA 75,689 1,158.2 15.3Santa Barbara,CA 195,861 2,968.4

228、 15.2San Diego,CA 2,956,746 44,198.6 14.9Reno,NV-CA 392,141 5,782.5 14.7Phoenix-Mesa,AZ 3,629,114 51,226.9 14.1Olympia-Lacey,WA 176,617 2,491.5 14.1Minneapolis-St.Paul,MN-WI 2,650,890 37,091.4 14.0Tucson,AZ 843,168 11,760.9 13.9Miami,FL 5,502,379 75,909.4 13.8Spokane,WA 387,847 5,313.7 13.7Madison,W

229、I 401,661 5,495.4 13.7San Antonio,TX 1,758,210 23,996.3 13.6Pittsburgh,PA 1,733,853 23,244.3 13.4Flagstaff,AZ 71,957 935.6 13.0Kahului,HI 55,934 721.8 12.9New Haven,CT 562,839 7,233.5 12.9Blacksburg,VA 88,542 1,120.4 12.7Austin,TX 1,362,416 16,865.8 12.4Duluth,MN-WI 120,378 1,484.4 12.3Ridership per

230、 capita(unlinked passenger trips divided by metro area population)gives a representation for how many public transit trips a person takes yearly in that area.While many passenger trips are taken in large urbanized areas,smaller areas,particularly ones with universities,have a high ridership per capi

231、ta.APTA|35 2023 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION FACT BOOK|35 Table 4:The 50 Largest Bus Agencies(Ranked by Unlinked Passenger Trips)TRANSIT AGENCY URBANIZED UNLINKED PASSENGER TRIPS PASSENGER MILES AREA(THOUSANDS)(THOUSANDS)2020 2021 2020 2021MTA New York City Transit New York,NY 403,160.3 393,017.8 888,168.1

232、 925,195.5Los Angeles County Metro.Transp.Auth.Los Angeles,CA 222,178.9 148,832.4 891,494.1 431,866.0Chicago Transit Authority Chicago,IL 121,449.9 117,357.5 301,677.9 296,815.6MTA Bus Company New York,NY 72,562.2 82,347.8 202,709.6 230,457.7New Jersey Transit Corporation New York,NY 119,074.2 77,50

233、4.0 866,848.3 528,962.0Southeastern Pennsylvania Transp.Auth.Philadelphia,PA 118,826.1 60,307.2 369,473.6 187,935.3Washington Metro.Area Transit Authority Washington,DC 97,210.6 52,325.7 275,963.2 162,783.7Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority Boston,MA 81,645.5 47,812.3 210,602.2 125,603.1King

234、 County Department of Metro Transit Seattle,WA 49,257.7 42,536.2 211,868.9 175,311.2City and County of San Francisco San Francisco,CA 86,174.8 40,938.4 176,249.3 82,487.6City of Phoenix Public Transit Department Phoenix,AZ 30,330.7 38,414.1 107,447.9 134,736.6County of Miami-Dade Miami,FL 36,966.7 3

235、6,341.6 185,177.7 179,472.1Maryland Transit Administration Baltimore,MD 55,439.3 35,370.2 173,691.4 150,861.3Regional Transp.Comm.of Southern Nevada Las Vegas,NV 55,719.6 33,427.3 213,418.1 132,526.2Metro.Transit Auth.of Harris County,Texas Houston,TX 45,577.1 33,384.4 228,752.1 182,411.2Denver Regi

236、onal Transportation District Denver,CO 36,358.8 31,570.5 157,181.3 135,569.5City and County of Honolulu Honolulu,HI 48,536.0 27,814.6 220,965.4 122,372.7Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Auth.Atlanta,GA 44,638.5 27,346.5 196,075.6 120,638.5Tri-County Metro.Transp.District of Oregon Portland,OR 46,8

237、45.6 25,138.0 160,875.2 98,687.2VIA Metropolitan Transit San Antonio,TX 31,025.0 23,032.6 126,379.7 94,848.7Metro Transit Minneapolis,MN 25,497.0 22,137.1 107,551.7 93,379.2Port Authority of Allegheny County Pittsburgh,PA 44,772.6 20,136.0 187,237.2 82,792.9Orange County Transportation Authority Los

238、 Angeles,CA 30,670.5 19,880.1 108,936.0 91,388.4San Diego Metropolitan Transit System San Diego,CA 38,669.7 19,557.3 153,487.1 88,055.0Dallas Area Rapid Transit Dallas,TX 27,472.7 19,432.2 112,289.2 78,169.1Alameda-Contra Costa Transit District San Francisco,CA 42,363.1 18,888.0 140,313.9 74,362.2We

239、stchester County New York,NY 16,641.1 16,426.3 67,734.0 68,435.2Capital Metropolitan Transportation Authority Austin,TX 20,929.4 15,789.4 90,382.0 74,122.2Milwaukee County Milwaukee,WI 18,040.2 15,728.8 56,734.8 50,839.6County of Nassau New York,NY 14,263.6 15,231.0 83,766.8 87,920.2Broward County B

240、d.of County Commissioners Miami,FL 17,861.9 14,979.4 85,848.7 65,256.9Long Beach Transit Los Angeles,CA 18,358.7 14,099.0 57,686.0 44,045.0Central Florida Regional Transportation Auth.Orlando,FL 16,296.4 12,880.3 85,041.4 68,281.6Pace-Suburban Bus Division Chicago,IL 13,594.3 12,376.8 86,738.2 82,17

241、0.0Utah Transit Authority Salt Lake City,UT 12,250.4 12,187.6 53,462.9 49,612.7Bi-State Development Agency St.Louis,MO 19,348.5 11,499.1 108,060.0 61,478.7Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Auth.Cleveland,OH 11,846.8 11,184.7 51,619.3 44,453.4City of Tucson Tucson,AZ 12,346.8 10,894.8 47,142.3 46,37

242、4.5Montgomery County,Maryland Washington,DC 16,305.4 10,078.0 70,715.0 39,750.0Pinellas Suncoast Transit Authority Tampa,FL 10,617.8 9,853.2 59,870.0 53,140.2Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority San Jose,CA 22,009.6 9,714.3 112,025.2 48,594.8Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority Buffalo,N

243、Y 19,402.3 9,689.6 64,045.0 32,053.4Capital District Transportation Authority Albany,NY 14,671.0 9,624.6 53,389.7 36,455.2Southwest Ohio Regional Transit Authority Cincinnati,OH 7,315.5 9,600.3 41,086.5 51,828.6Hillsborough Area Regional Transit Authority Tampa,FL 8,306.1 9,570.8 50,056.9 40,146.8Ce

244、ntral Ohio Transit Authority Columbus,OH 10,322.5 8,899.8 40,149.9 36,048.9City of Los Angeles Los Angeles,CA 12,899.6 8,830.4 22,828.1 10,479.4Connecticut DOT-Hartford Division Hartford,CT 12,405.2 8,597.3 84,769.7 43,716.7City of Detroit Detroit,MI 18,356.2 8,580.2 86,959.6 40,363.8Kansas City Are

245、a Transportation Authority Kansas City,MO 8,672.3 8,431.3 33,015.7 30,995.236|APTA Table 6:The 30 Largest Commuter Bus Agencies(Ranked by Unlinked Passenger Trips)TRANSIT AGENCY URBANIZED UNLINKED PASSENGER TRIPS PASSENGER MILES AREA(THOUSANDS)(THOUSANDS)2020 2021 2020 2021Central Puget Sound Region

246、al Transit Auth.Seattle,WA 6,264.8 5,146.4 92,732.8 74,283.6MTA New York City Transit New York,NY 4,510.8 4,985.7 65,570.5 75,937.8Metro.Transit Auth.of Harris County,Texas Houston,TX 4,118.0 1,308.0 79,126.3 25,998.3Roaring Fork Transportation Authority Non-UZA 859.7 1,008.9 N/A N/AHudson Transit L

247、ines,Inc.New York,NY 1,018.8 834.4 46,367.8 37,996.5Academy Lines,Inc.New York,NY 873.2 635.2 45,848.6 42,584.4Snohomish County PTBA Corp.Seattle,WA 860.0 561.3 14,803.9 9,657.8Hampton Jitney,Inc.New York,NY 290.7 483.7 23,671.4 42,639.5Maryland Transit Administration Baltimore,MD 2,619.0 434.5 75,4

248、76.5 7,341.8Utah Transit Authority Salt Lake City,UT 190.9 429.3 4,084.8 6,440.5Monsey New Square Trails Corporation New York,NY 364.6 428.7 15,218.0 17,894.3County of Miami-Dade Miami,FL 266.1 354.6 10,305.2 13,775.5Suburban Transit Corporation New York,NY 581.7 344.7 22,104.0 14,769.3City of Los A

249、ngeles Los Angeles,CA 1,109.8 343.6 18,358.1 3,748.5Potomac and Rappahannock Transp.Comm.Washington,DC 1,124.2 307.5 28,004.2 7,659.6Trans-Bridge Lines,Inc.New York,NY 349.8 289.2 22,947.0 18,968.9Lakeland Bus Lines,Inc.New York,NY 384.3 270.5 13,203.4 9,179.6Jalbert Leasing,Inc.Portsmouth,NH 184.8

250、258.1 N/A N/AVentura County Transportation Comm.Oxnard,CA 507.3 219.3 10,023.6 5,868.9Piedmont Authority for Regional Transp Greensboro,NC 362.4 214.2 5,064.5 2,421.5Adirondack Transit Lines,Inc,New York,NY 130.8 209.3 10,563.7 16,159.3Rockland Coaches,Inc.New York,NY 431.1 191.5 10,840.5 6,885.1Atl

251、anta-Region Transit Link Authority Atlanta,GA 0.0 191.1 0.0 6,132.6Solano County Transit Vallejo,CA 547.8 185.6 7,552.3 2,559.0County of Hawaii Mass Transit Agency Non-UZA 416.7 176.6 N/A N/AGunnison Valley Transportation Auth.Non-UZA 139.7 173.6 N/A N/AHumboldt Transit Authority Non-UZA 366.1 169.6

252、 N/A N/ACity of Santa Clarita Santa Clarita,CA 328.6 149.9 8,141.6 3,715.0Olympia Trails Bus Company,Inc.New York,NY 122.5 147.4 N/A N/APeter Pan Bus Lines Boston,MA 212.0 142.7 N/A N/A Table 5:Bus Rapid Transit Agencies(Ranked by Unlinked Passenger Trips)TRANSIT AGENCY URBANIZED UNLINKED PASSENGER

253、TRIPS PASSENGER MILES AREA(THOUSANDS)(THOUSANDS)2020 2021 2020 2021MTA New York City Transit New York,NY 17,648.3 15,797.5 31,702.8 31,595.0Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority Boston,MA 9,214.2 4,780.6 19,072.7 10,173.3Los Angeles County Metro.Transp.Auth.Los Angeles,CA 5,398.5 2,949.4 33,978

254、.7 17,257.0Alameda-Contra Costa Transit District San Francisco,CA 0.0 2,379.4 0.0 7,299.4Lane Transit District Eugene,OR 3,294.3 1,807.2 8,633.7 4,834.0Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Auth.Cleveland,OH 1,462.0 1,411.8 4,106.9 3,644.6Greater Richmond Transit Company Richmond,VA 1,947.3 1,345.8 4,8

255、68.2 4,158.8City of Albuquerque Albuquerque,NM 824.9 1,111.1 3,241.8 4,378.0Connecticut DOT-Hartford Division Hartford,CT 1,419.2 1,008.6 7,200.8 5,388.1Indianapolis and Marion County Public Transp.Indianapolis,IN 1,013.3 866.4 3,667.7 3,135.9Kansas City Area Transportation Authority Kansas City,MO

256、786.3 707.1 2,022.2 1,943.2Roaring Fork Transportation Authority Non-UZA 473.6 657.7 N/A N/ACentral Florida Regional Transportation Auth.Orlando,FL 575.5 456.5 1,095.2 455.2City of Fort Collins Fort Collins,CO 597.3 437.0 1,718.8 1,414.9Interurban Transit Partnership Grand Rapids,MI 607.0 367.5 1,78

257、4.7 1,270.8Metro.Transit Auth.of Harris County,Texas Houston,TX 25.8 231.4 94.2 742.6 APTA|37 2023 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION FACT BOOK|37 Table 7:Top 50 Largest Demand Response Agencies(Ranked by Unlinked Passenger Trips)TRANSIT AGENCY URBANIZED UNLINKED PASSENGER TRIPS PASSENGER MILES AREA(THOUSANDS)(T

258、HOUSANDS)2020 2021 2020 2021MTA New York City Transit New York,NY 2,502.3 2,378.7 21,780.5 22,109.1Pace-Suburban Bus Div.,ADA Paratransit Svcs.Chicago,IL 2,151.0 2,331.1 17,063.1 19,635.8Access Services Los Angeles,CA 3,649.5 2,136.8 45,345.9 23,721.6Metropolitan Council Minneapolis,MN 1,528.0 1,928

259、.8 15,087.8 19,772.2Maryland Transit Administration Baltimore,MD 2,505.7 1,577.8 20,769.6 10,565.4County of Miami-Dade Miami,FL 1,163.2 1,279.7 13,490.2 14,744.2Metro.Transit Auth.of Harris County,Texas Houston,TX 1,551.2 1,238.3 15,124.7 11,667.8New Jersey Transit Corporation New York,NY 1,476.0 1,

260、076.2 9,264.2 6,722.6Washington Metro.Area Transit Authority Washington,DC 1,794.6 1,064.5 20,342.9 8,775.8Regional Transp.Comm.of Southern Nevada Las Vegas,NV 1,176.9 915.1 12,309.9 8,579.5OATS,Inc.Non-UZA 1,224.4 824.6 N/A N/AMassachusetts Bay Transportation Authority Boston,MA 1,398.0 758.8 10,71

261、0.8 5,646.1City and County of Honolulu Honolulu,HI 1,166.1 726.7 12,089.1 6,496.7Bd.of Cty.Cmsrs,Palm Beach County Miami,FL 763.1 696.8 8,740.7 7,796.2VIA Metropolitan Transit San Antonio,TX 751.3 683.3 8,216.9 6,764.0Port Authority of Allegheny County Pittsburgh,PA 1,091.1 667.1 9,328.6 4,479.5Denv

262、er Regional Transportation District Denver,CO 537.1 605.0 4,100.4 5,696.8Broward County Bd.of County Commissioners Miami,FL 597.3 581.0 6,288.9 4,180.6Dallas Area Rapid Transit Dallas,TX 701.9 580.2 6,651.1 6,183.5King County Department of Metro Transit Seattle,WA 541.9 557.0 5,555.7 5,715.6Pace-Sub

263、urban Bus Division Chicago,IL 518.8 554.1 3,403.3 3,167.3Central Florida Regional Transportation Auth.Orlando,FL 500.2 530.2 5,615.1 5,679.0Southeastern Pennsylvania Transp.Auth.Philadelphia,PA 1,151.9 511.6 7,785.4 3,164.7KI BOIS Community Action Foundation,Inc.Non-UZA 535.8 502.6 N/A N/ACapital Me

264、tropolitan Transportation Auth.Austin,TX 550.7 487.9 3,970.6 3,203.8Orange County Transportation Authority Los Angeles,CA 1,268.4 485.7 12,805.3 4,143.8Suffolk County New York,NY 427.3 476.4 5,546.7 6,184.1City of Raleigh Raleigh,NC 413.9 469.8 2,960.3 3,027.9Delaware Transit Corporation Philadelphi

265、a,PA 768.9 455.4 9,366.0 4,852.6City of Arlington Dallas,TX 291.6 452.4 2,151.0 3,293.4Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Auth.Atlanta,GA 670.0 427.5 8,722.7 4,842.2Central Arkansas Development Council Non-UZA 372.9 412.1 N/A N/ABi-State Development Agency St.Louis,MO 413.0 411.5 4,735.2 4,785.5Mass

266、 Transportation Authority Flint,MI 454.9 394.8 3,615.5 3,740.8Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Auth.Cleveland,OH 326.2 391.2 2,536.2 3,241.8Central Pennsylvania Transportation Auth.York,PA 543.4 373.5 6,749.1 4,170.6Transit Authority of River City Louisville,KY 486.9 317.9 4,769.6 2,563.9Huron Tra

267、nsit Corporation Non-UZA 228.7 310.5 N/A N/ASacramento Regional Transit District Sacramento,CA 126.1 305.4 415.3 1,777.9Greater Hartford Transit District Hartford,CT 413.3 304.3 3,801.6 2,616.6Utah Transit Authority Salt Lake City,UT 187.1 301.5 1,898.9 2,827.0Kansas City Area Transportation Authori

268、ty Kansas City,MO 273.5 298.2 1,670.2 2,104.7Montachusett Regional Transit Authority Leominster,MA 488.1 294.3 4,211.2 2,743.1City of Tucson Tucson,AZ 423.0 291.2 3,342.0 2,199.6Lane Transit District Eugene,OR 454.0 284.7 4,455.5 2,742.5Rural Transit Enterprises Coordinated,Inc.Non-UZA 462.9 281.7 N

269、/A N/ASoutheast Missouri Transportation,Inc.Non-UZA 335.1 278.5 N/A N/ARegional Public Transportation Authority Phoenix,AZ 422.4 274.8 4,694.2 4,128.6Mecklenburg County Charlotte,NC-SC 347.2 273.7 3,061.2 2,365.5City of Phoenix Public Transit Department Phoenix,AZ 299.8 273.5 2,274.5 2,250.738|APTA

270、Table 8:Top 30 Largest Transit Vanpool Agencies (Ranked by Unlinked Passenger Trips)TRANSIT AGENCY URBANIZED UNLINKED PASSENGER TRIPS PASSENGER MILES AREA(THOUSANDS)(THOUSANDS)2020 2021 2020 2021California Vanpool Authority Hanford,CA 3,598.9 3,403.1 117,438.1 107,931.6Los Angeles County Metro.Trans

271、p.Auth.Los Angeles,CA 2,563.2 1,136.2 116,497.4 53,378.2San Diego Association of Governments San Diego,CA 1,494.0 861.9 75,951.4 47,500.4Utah Transit Authority Salt Lake City,UT 659.0 587.7 27,330.7 25,403.5King County Department of Metro Transit Seattle,WA 1,084.8 512.2 24,936.5 10,548.4Regional Tr

272、ansp.Comm.of Washoe County Reno,NV 497.3 507.1 17,618.1 18,007.6San Joaquin Council Stockton,CA 295.5 451.2 11,641.9 21,373.6Regional Public Transportation Authority Phoenix,AZ 853.9 435.0 31,566.6 20,105.1Potomac and Rappahannock Transp.Comm.Washington,DC 1,183.3 427.6 53,078.8 20,107.5Victor Valle

273、y Transit Authority Victorville,CA 532.3 407.4 24,211.6 18,529.9Metropolitan Transportation Commission San Francisco,CA 419.6 365.8 15,889.1 20,694.6Pierce County Transp.Benefit Area Auth.Seattle,WA 397.5 323.1 11,957.3 9,885.3County of Miami-Dade Miami,FL 397.2 306.0 11,691.0 9,280.5Pace-Suburban B

274、us Division Chicago,IL 452.4 298.3 10,903.9 5,591.7Metro.Transit Auth.of Harris County,Texas Houston,TX 887.2 276.0 27,807.6 8,735.6VIA Metropolitan Transit San Antonio,TX 367.0 270.3 19,585.1 16,191.0Central Florida Regional Transportation Auth.Orlando,FL 334.0 263.4 8,636.7 5,404.3Atlanta-Region T

275、ransit Link Authority Atlanta,GA 0.0 253.6 0.0 12,086.8Orange County Transportation Authority Los Angeles,CA 914.7 241.5 30,786.3 8,892.1El Paso County Non-UZA 237.8 236.3 N/A N/ACapital Metropolitan Transportation Auth.Austin,TX 432.2 235.7 17,430.5 11,511.5Tampa Bay Area Regional Transit Authority

276、 Tampa,FL 251.6 232.0 7,742.6 7,542.1Snohomish County PTBA Corp.Seattle,WA 302.0 227.8 6,798.6 5,238.8Denton County Transportation Authority Denton,TX 154.8 216.5 7,205.6 10,788.2Enterprise Rideshare-Michigan Detroit,MI 305.1 203.7 12,089.5 8,772.2Intercity Transit Olympia,WA 284.8 178.9 9,706.6 6,1

277、77.0New Jersey Transit Corporation New York,NY 478.1 178.7 13,794.5 3,647.0City and County of Honolulu Honolulu,HI 178.3 173.3 2,950.8 4,161.6Ben Franklin Transit Kennewick,WA 221.9 153.6 7,545.9 5,359.3Municipality of Anchorage Anchorage,AK 146.1 151.0 5,906.8 6,278.4 Table 9:Trolleybus Agencies (R

278、anked by Unlinked Passenger Trips)TRANSIT AGENCY URBANIZED UNLINKED PASSENGER TRIPS PASSENGER MILES AREA(THOUSANDS)(THOUSANDS)2020 2021 2020 2021City and County of San Francisco San Francisco,CA 38,098.3 17,107.4 52,097.8 26,226.6King County Department of Metro Transit Seattle,WA 8,385.2 7,976.2 15,

279、704.8 14,349.3Southeastern Pennsylvania Transp.Auth.Philadelphia,PA 4,647.1 2,026.4 9,499.1 4,132.8Greater Dayton Regional Transit Authority Dayton,OH 1,449.4 1,786.7 7,112.3 9,459.4Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority Boston,MA 2,048.2 833.8 4,759.1 1,996.4APTA|39 2023 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION F

280、ACT BOOK|39 Table 10:Commuter Rail and Hybrid Rail Agencies (Ranked by Unlinked Passenger Trips)TRANSIT AGENCY URBANIZED UNLINKED PASSENGER PASSENGER MILES AREA TRIPS(THOUSANDS)(THOUSANDS)2020 2021 2020 2021COMMUTER RAIL AGENCIESMTA Long Island Rail Road New York,NY 43,484.9 49,167.6 1,229,284.5 1,4

281、20,978.6 75,762.4Metro-North Commuter Railroad Company New York,NY 29,391.3 32,254.1 671,661.3 737,084.8 33,563.1New Jersey Transit Corporation New York,NY 66,330.4 19,096.9 1,459,936.3 529,338.5 20,112.6Northeast Illinois Reg.Commuter Railroad Corp.Chicago,IL 16,731.0 14,080.8 359,336.2 304,989.5 2

282、2,368.1Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority Boston,MA 24,761.7 6,995.4 513,831.0 155,056.2 11,229.0Southeastern Pennsylvania Transp.Auth.Philadelphia,PA 25,150.1 6,871.3 338,253.6 92,146.4 11,299.5Denver Regional Transportation District Denver,CO 4,954.2 6,585.4 56,550.5 82,629.5 93,330.8South

283、ern California Regional Rail Authority Los Angeles,CA 9,357.0 2,102.2 321,490.3 82,407.4 2,941.1Utah Transit Authority Salt Lake City,UT 2,024.5 2,062.3 51,916.8 54,462.1 17,076.5South Florida Regional Transportation Auth.Miami,FL 3,522.0 2,029.6 95,675.1 55,520.8 13,576.0Peninsula Corridor Joint Po

284、wers Board San Francisco,CA 13,692.7 1,263.1 302,302.9 28,143.3 7,077.7Northern Indiana Commuter Transp.Dist.Chicago,IL 995.0 1,024.7 32,836.6 34,945.0 7,618.9Maryland Transit Administration Baltimore,MD 6,680.2 880.3 197,632.2 26,058.2 1,787.6Dallas Area Rapid Transit Dallas,TX 1,266.1 795.3 21,904

285、.1 12,709.6 17,092.2Central Puget Sound Regional Transit Auth.Seattle,WA 1,265.9 734.5 31,890.7 18,482.2 4,622.6Central Florida Commuter Rail Orlando,FL 1,243.6 623.7 20,712.8 10,525.4 6,030.8Virginia Railway Express Washington,DC 3,222.4 341.6 97,935.1 10,750.6 1,767.4Fort Worth Transportation Auth

286、ority Dallas,TX 340.0 304.5 5,379.2 4,652.0 9,833.5Alaska Railroad Corporation Anchorage,AK 32.0 166.3 3,943.1 19,051.6 289.9North County Transit District San Diego,CA 944.1 162.7 24,963.4 4,302.6 1,480.1Altamont Corridor Express Stockton,CA 1,062.0 160.0 46,420.0 8,891.7 1,123.6Pennsylvania Departm

287、ent of Transportation Philadelphia,PA 578.5 150.7 49,924.6 13,281.0 1,043.6Sonoma-Marin Area Rail Transit District Santa Rosa,CA 567.1 122.8 13,516.2 3,148.3 2,312.7Northern New England Passenger Rail Auth.Portland,ME 412.7 117.9 33,416.6 9,900.0 596.2Connecticut Department of Transportation Hartfor

288、d,CT 477.7 70.6 12,884.8 2,204.0 647.2Metro Transit Minneapolis,MN 152.5 50.4 3,766.0 1,245.8 695.7Rio Metro Regional Transit District Albuquerque,NM 516.1 40.9 24,052.6 2,106.1 363.8Regional Transportation Authority Nashville,TN 214.1 34.9 3,403.1 616.9 1,092.8 HYBRID RAIL AGENCIESNew Jersey Transi

289、t Corporation New York,NY 2,173.0 1,476.1 33,820.5 21,234.6 25,765.7North County Transit District San Diego,CA 2,066.1 1,225.4 15,992.0 8,938.9 33,656.6San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District San Francisco,CA 1,735.0 601.4 11,655.9 4,123.1 31,455.2Capital Metropolitan Transportation Auth.Austi

290、n,TX 377.7 257.0 5,491.4 3,044.3 3,979.3Denton County Transportation Authority Denton,TX 221.3 113.4 3,039.9 1,531.5 3,952.6Tri-County Metro.Transp.District of Oregon Portland,OR 272.3 84.7 2,231.7 676.0 4,290.7RIDERSHIP PER MILE OF TRACK40|APTA Table 11:Heavy Rail Agencies (Ranked by Unlinked Passe

291、nger Trips)TRANSIT AGENCY URBANIZED UNLINKED PASSENGER PASSENGER MILES AREA TRIPS(THOUSANDS)(THOUSANDS)2020 2021 2020 2021MTA New York City Transit New York,NY 1,112,653.4 1,311,224.6 4,676,670.6 5,668,693.5 1,647,577.5Chicago Transit Authority Chicago,IL 76,049.9 78,623.0 480,210.8 501,767.8 296,53

292、4.1Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority Boston,MA 115,683.7 44,823.2 407,181.6 146,795.5 431,407.5Washington Metro.Area Transit Authority Washington,DC 174,540.7 36,550.2 985,922.3 199,671.9 123,773.1Port Authority Trans-Hudson Corporation New York,NY 29,654.8 32,073.7 150,302.5 161,154.7 548,

293、174.2Southeastern Pennsylvania Transp.Auth.Philadelphia,PA 71,064.8 28,642.8 314,489.4 126,097.6 287,002.4Los Angeles County Metro.Transp.Auth.Los Angeles,CA 33,668.3 18,888.6 162,927.5 99,058.4 440,087.4Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Auth.Atlanta,GA 45,302.7 18,533.6 329,631.1 125,036.9 144,421

294、.6San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District San Francisco,CA 88,698.9 17,125.3 1,238,506.2 233,787.8 60,154.1County of Miami-Dade Miami,FL 11,862.1 9,390.7 87,578.3 69,332.1 157,933.0Port Authority Transit Corporation Philadelphia,PA 3,949.5 3,683.1 33,888.7 30,724.7 96,491.7Staten Island Rapid

295、Transit Operating Auth.New York,NY 2,713.9 2,776.3 16,926.5 17,315.5 87,580.5Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Auth.Cleveland,OH 2,638.2 2,420.1 18,361.5 14,341.6 56,558.2Maryland Transit Administration Baltimore,MD 5,864.2 1,615.6 27,957.1 7,624.8 48,428.1Alternativa de Transporte Integrado-ATI Sa

296、n Juan,PR 3,531.2 836.0 16,751.3 3,686.7 33,535.0RIDERSHIP PER MILE OF TRACKAPTA|41 2023 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION FACT BOOK|41 Table 12:Light Rail and Streetcar Agencies (Ranked by Unlinked Passenger Trips)TRANSIT AGENCY URBANIZED UNLINKED PASSENGER PASSENGER MILES AREA TRIPS(THOUSANDS)(THOUSANDS)2020

297、2021 2020 2021LIGHT RAIL AGENCIESLos Angeles County Metro.Transp.Auth.Los Angeles,CA 42,098.3 22,871.1 318,737.7 151,162.5 118,515.5San Diego Metropolitan Transit System San Diego,CA 32,003.0 19,516.3 194,284.9 123,388.9 176,299.3Tri-County Metro.Transp.District of Oregon Portland,OR 30,343.3 14,817

298、.5 159,458.5 77,158.0 114,882.2Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority Boston,MA 41,465.2 14,774.0 97,602.3 36,878.7 237,868.6Dallas Area Rapid Transit Dallas,TX 20,081.0 14,487.2 164,306.7 121,236.0 69,797.8Central Puget Sound Regional Transit Auth.Seattle,WA 7,900.1 11,516.1 49,794.6 86,103.5 2

299、01,824.7Metro Transit Minneapolis,MN 10,255.5 10,673.6 40,739.0 42,399.6 208,264.5New Jersey Transit Corporation New York,NY 16,395.1 10,430.1 54,886.2 38,393.8 295,637.2Denver Regional Transportation District Denver,CO 10,464.7 10,016.2 72,911.0 67,364.6 77,645.3Metro.Transit Auth.of Harris County,

300、Texas Houston,TX 12,888.1 8,476.2 37,497.5 24,921.0 146,242.7Utah Transit Authority Salt Lake City,UT 8,247.4 8,403.9 39,122.9 37,900.6 74,568.4Valley Metro Rail,Inc.Phoenix,AZ 12,826.5 6,581.6 90,553.8 45,129.1 114,462.6Bi-State Development Agency St.Louis,MO 10,510.2 5,472.1 70,933.4 37,347.1 56,7

301、70.3Sacramento Regional Transit District Sacramento,CA 8,988.8 3,841.4 53,131.3 22,188.8 45,785.9City and County of San Francisco San Francisco,CA 37,419.4 3,596.0 102,607.8 2,668.1 52,115.2City of Charlotte North Carolina Charlotte,NC 7,261.9 2,599.6 37,638.9 13,053.7 63,498.6Maryland Transit Admin

302、istration Baltimore,MD 4,652.7 2,458.7 26,579.8 12,135.9 40,471.8Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority San Jose,CA 6,281.6 2,168.1 33,535.1 13,970.9 25,959.0Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority Buffalo,NY 4,223.7 1,516.0 11,262.4 4,213.7 109,855.7Port Authority of Allegheny County Pittsbu

303、rgh,PA 5,572.4 1,460.1 22,466.7 5,707.4 25,393.4Transp.Dist.Commission of Hampton Roads Virginia Beach,VA 1,044.0 545.3 3,369.2 1,855.9 34,641.6Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Auth.Cleveland,OH 589.2 465.1 2,065.7 2,520.9 18,168.9STREETCAR AGENCIESSoutheastern Pennsylvania Transp.Auth.Philadelphi

304、a,PA 20,713.2 7,452.8 53,250.7 19,033.1 34,297.3New Orleans Regional Transit Authority New Orleans,LA 2,016.5 2,317.3 4,698.5 5,399.2 59,417.0City of Portland Portland,OR 3,154.5 1,564.3 4,100.8 2,080.6 107,440.7King County Department of Metro Transit Seattle,WA 749.4 830.0 932.7 992.8 92,217.0Hills

305、borough Area Regional Transit Authority Tampa,FL 580.4 735.1 762.7 1,062.3 210,024.6McKinney Avenue Transit Authority Dallas,TX 585.8 677.7 733.7 888.0 149,601.3Kansas City,City of Missouri Kansas City,MO 2,007.0 598.4 2,554.7 1,034.4 135,990.0City of Tucson Tucson,AZ 682.3 438.8 989.3 491.5 56,258.

306、8Central Puget Sound Regional Transit Auth.Seattle,WA 439.3 371.9 390.1 338.4 137,752.6DDOT-DC Streetcar Washington,DC 504.9 309.1 388.5 264.6 55,193.6City of Cincinnati Cincinnati,OH 74.1 308.6 117.8 264.2 83,392.7City of Milwaukee Milwaukee,WI 261.3 301.2 343.7 350.3 77,223.1Central Oklahoma Trans

307、portation and Parking Authority Oklahoma City,OK 328.4 246.3 825.8 687.5 47,828.5City of Memphis Memphis,TN 241.1 151.0 294.3 183.2 14,378.8Dallas Area Rapid Transit Dallas,TX 189.4 116.0 294.4 191.0 32,217.5Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority Atlanta,GA 216.7 86.2 172.5 68.6 31,910.7Rock R

308、egion Metropolitan Transit Authority Little Rock,AR 17.2 22.8 44.3 58.8 6,513.7City of Kenosha Kenosha,WI 3.8 19.9 6.3 32.8 10,461.1M-1 Rail Detroit,MI 446.1 6.6 669.2 8.2 950.5City of El Paso El Paso,TX 188.8 4.1 294.3 9.6 858.1City of Charlotte North Carolina Charlotte,NC(a)(a)(a)(a)N/ACity and Co

309、unty of San Francisco San Francisco,CA 4,580.2(a)6,604.8(a)N/ARIDERSHIP PER MILE OF TRACK(a)Service Did Not Operate.42|APTA Table 13:Ferryboat Agencies (Ranked by Unlinked Passenger Trips)TRANSIT AGENCY URBANIZED UNLINKED PASSENGER TRIPS PASSENGER MILES AREA(THOUSANDS)(THOUSANDS)2020 2021 2020 2021W

310、ashington State Ferries Seattle,WA 19,376.3 15,326.7 146,367.0 108,124.7New York City Department of Transp.New York,NY 15,865.1 7,561.4 82,498.4 39,319.1New York City Economic Development Corp New York,NY 4,967.4 3,784.8 28,302.8 20,999.3The Steamship Authority Barnstable Town,MA 2,067.3 2,727.6 24,

311、851.2 33,756.7Port Imperial Ferry Corporation New York,NY 1,671.7 2,115.1 5,313.2 5,707.1Casco Bay Island Transit District Portland,ME 628.2 893.8 2,060.6 2,922.6Eastern Upper Peninsula Transp.Auth.Non-UZA 755.4 838.7 N/A N/ACape May Lewes Ferry Philadelphia,PA 0.0 669.7 0.0 11,307.3New Orleans Regi

312、onal Transit Authority New Orleans,LA 400.9 626.8 200.5 313.4Kitsap Transit Bremerton,WA 515.7 562.6 4,254.4 5,366.8Hyannis Harbor Tours,Inc.Barnstable Town,MA 813.0 501.7 22,524.8 13,993.2County of Pierce Seattle,WA 399.8 450.7 1,623.5 1,772.1Plaquemines Parish Government New Orleans,LA 505.7 448.5

313、 252.8 224.3Puerto Rico Maritime Transport Authority San Juan,PR 1,523.7 435.0 19,042.4 N/ASeaStreak,LLC New York,NY 359.5 425.8 7,161.0 8,616.0Maine State Ferry Service Non-UZA 390.6 388.5 N/A N/AChatham Area Transit Authority Savannah,GA 567.3 370.0 215.6 140.6Jacksonville Transportation Authority

314、 Jacksonville,FL 406.5 323.7 182.9 145.7King County Department of Metro Transit Seattle,WA 146.9 286.8 896.1 984.1San Francisco Bay Area Water Emer.Transp.Auth.San Francisco,CA 2,298.9 264.5 32,638.1 6,268.6Chemehuevi Indian Tribe Non-UZA 162.4 194.6 N/A N/AMassachusetts Bay Transportation Authority

315、 Boston,MA 1,194.3 173.6 10,161.8 1,382.1Transp.Dist.Commission of Hampton Roads Virginia Beach,VA 208.3 151.8 149.4 112.2Confed.Tribes of the Colville Indian Reservation Non-UZA 150.9 144.8 N/A N/AGolden Gate Bridge,Highway and Transp.Dist.San Francisco,CA 1,712.5 89.9 18,587.9 1,079.5Bay State Cru

316、ise Company Barnstable Town,MA 31.0 84.3 1,726.0 4,695.1City of Baltimore Baltimore,MD 231.1 55.7 96.0 18.7Rock Island County Metro.Mass Transit Dist.Davenport,IA 37.5 33.1 254.6 202.6City of Fort Lauderdale Miami,FL 37.6 28.7 10.9 8.3Inter-Island Ferry Authority Non-UZA 32.8 27.9 N/A N/A Table 14:O

317、ther Rail Agencies (Ranked by Unlinked Passenger Trips)TRANSIT AGENCY URBANIZED UNLINKED PASSENGER TRIPS PASSENGER MILES AREA(THOUSANDS)(THOUSANDS)2020 2021 2020 2021CABLE CAR/AERIAL TRAMWAY/INCLINED PLANETown of Mountain Village Non-UZA 2,412.6 2,805.7 N/A N/AChattanooga Area Regional Transp.Author

318、ity Chattanooga,TN 277.3 337.6 236.4 290.5Port Authority of Allegheny County Pittsburgh,PA 351.1 204.8 41.0 23.9Cambria County Transit Authority Johnstown,PA 40.8 20.2 6.9 3.4City and County of San Francisco San Francisco,CA 4,012.5(a)5,213.3(a)City of Portland Portland,OR 1,623.2(a)1,038.9(a)MONORA

319、IL AND AUTOMATED GUIDEWAY TRANSITCounty of Miami-Dade Miami,FL 8,863.8 5,742.0 8,325.8 5,393.5Morgantown Personal Rapid Transit Morgantown,WV 1,469.3 1,484.3 2,788.4 2,816.5Detroit Transportation Corporation Detroit,MI 1,735.9 998.8 2,395.5 1,378.4San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District Oaklan

320、d,CA 886.5 573.1 2,819.1 1,822.5Jacksonville Transportation Authority Jacksonville,FL 796.1 384.1 660.7 318.8City of Seattle Seattle,WA 1,939.2 298.3 1,745.3 268.5APTA|43 2023 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION FACT BOOK|43 Table 15:35 Largest Rural Bus and 15 Largest Rural Commuter Bus Agencies (Ranked by Unlin

321、ked Passenger Trips)STATE TRANSIT AGENCY NAME UNLINKED PASSENGER TRIPS (a)2020 2021RURAL BUS AGENCIESTN Pigeon Forge Mass Transit 2,232,347 1,818,694CO Vail,Town of 1,692,916 1,532,496CO Roaring Fork Transportation Authority 1,204,873 1,343,835UT Park City Municipal Corporation 2,391,561 1,185,629CO

322、 Summit County 942,578 1,038,563MD Mayor and City Council Town of Ocean City 1,605,458 691,890CO Town of Breckenridge 668,409 680,370CO Eagle County Regional Transportation Authority 719,232 679,536CO Steamboat Springs,City of 741,086 581,742MA Marthas Vineyard Transit Authority 890,783 547,636WA Pu

323、llman Transit 496,304 522,359AK City and Borough of Juneau 814,712 485,128WY Southern Teton Area Rapid Transit 724,740 474,089CO Mountain Express 446,585 436,902NC AppalCart 1,603,302 393,997HI County of Kauai-Transportation Agency 587,169 377,437WA Clallam Transit System 424,336 372,883TN City of G

324、atlinburg 594,247 369,822CO Town of Snowmass Village 366,901 355,356WA Grays Harbor Transit 427,238 346,768ID Mountain Rides Transportation Authority 462,058 342,689CA Eastern Sierra Transit Authority 825,820 338,608CO Town of Avon 329,065 322,311PA New Castle Area Transit Authority 403,174 293,017C

325、O City of Winter Park 326,215 275,260MS City of Oxford 667,301 270,082VT Advance Transit,Inc.NH 624,507 266,330IL City of Quincy 264,117 259,080NY City of Oneonta 221,080 258,450MI Bay Area Transportation Authority 326,687 252,647TX City of South Padre Island 320,836 243,899WA Island Transit 237,051

326、 243,799CO City of Durango 230,211 241,740MS SMART Starkville-MSU Area Rapid Transit 435,957 241,375FL City of Key West Department of Transportation 389,401 240,161RURAL COMMUTER BUS AGENCIESCO Roaring Fork Transportation Authority 859,742 1,008,935HI County of Hawaii Mass Transit Agency 416,726 176

327、,593CO Gunnison Valley Transportation Authority 139,679 173,550CA Humboldt Transit Authority 366,102 169,626TX El Paso County 144,307 88,221OR Yamhill County 123,508 81,421OR City of Sandy 90,603 62,351VT Marble Valley Regional Transit District 122,494 62,290SC Williamsburg County Transit System 45,

328、142 33,521CO Summit County 28,395 33,005OR Clackamas County Social Services 58,402 30,104OR Senior Citizens of Sweet Home,Inc.48,805 28,200CO Steamboat Springs,City of 28,135 27,106CO San Miguel Authority for Regional Transportation 20,051 24,684VT Tri-Valley Transit Inc 44,306 24,34644|APTA Table 1

329、6:35 Largest Rural Demand Response and 15 Largest Vanpool Agencies (Ranked by Unlinked Passenger Trips)STATE TRANSIT AGENCY NAME UNLINKED PASSENGER TRIPS (a)2020 2021RURAL DEMAND RESPONSE AGENCIESMO OATS,Inc.1,224,422 824,591OK KI BOIS Community Action Foundation,Inc.535,797 502,633AR Central Arkans

330、as Development Council(CADC/SCAT)372,896 412,139MI Huron Transit Corporation 228,713 310,470KY Rural Transit Enterprises Coordinated,Inc.462,860 281,745MO Southeast Missouri Transportation,Inc.335,111 278,493AL West Alabama Rural Public Transportation 320,697 255,737MI Isabella County Transportation

331、 Commission 243,473 236,159IA Southwest Iowa Planning Council/SW Iowa Transit 291,201 225,491SD CCTS d/b/a River Cities Transit 184,152 215,354MN Arrowhead Economic Opportunity Agency,Inc.243,800 211,499MN Trailblazer Joint Powers Board 204,773 165,972SD Community Transit of Watertown/Sisseton,Inc.1

332、41,063 164,516IL South Central Illinois Mass Transit District 332,570 159,280MN Central Community Transit 162,422 158,370GA Southwest Georgia RC 206,681 156,457TX Panhandle Community Services 190,982 156,018OK Community Action Development Corporation 154,679 153,754TN Northwest Tennessee Human Resou

333、rce Agency 184,373 150,962IA North Iowa Area Council of Governments 225,011 148,344IA 10-15 Regional Transit Agency 162,620 145,672MN United Community Action Partnership,Inc.153,768 139,073TN Southeast Tennessee Human Resource Agency-Rural Division 114,304 136,086CA Fresno County Rural Transit Agency 180,872 122,826SD Brookings Area Transit Authority 89,805 121,871TN Upper-Cumberland Human Resourc