交通網絡的數字連接——Michaela Nelson.pdf

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1、Digital connectivity for TransportTTF May 2025Michaela NelsonDigital Connectivity Across UK Transport Now Modal connectivity todayDigital connectivity on the UKs transport network is currently delivered modally.Highly fragmented stakeholder landscape across government,arms length bodies and the priv

2、ate sector A patchwork quilt of different technologies and servicesNetwork Rail,Train operating companies,Rolling stockNational Highways,LHAsMCA,PortsCAA,AirportsNeutral host networkscompanies,HS2,EurotunnelNon terrestrial networks(NTN)Mobile networks,2G,3G,4G,5GUnlicensed spectrum,Wi-FI,LoRaWANPriv

3、ate cellularFibre and copperNeutral host networks,Shared rural network5G Stand aloneLow,medium,geo,earth orbit,GPSVHF,HF,MF radio mm waveDSIT,OFCOMDigital Connectivity Across UK Transport Now Digital connectivity is an invisible capability and we tend to only notice it when it doesnt work.If we do n

4、othing,we will see more problems as demand grows and some underpinning technologies like 2G are retired.Our railways use a 2G system called GSM-R for voice and data communications on the railways.Work is underway to develop a new 5G system,Future rail mobile communications system,FRMCS,to replace it

5、.Fixed copper and fibre infrastructure is used across our transport network for traffic lights,train signals,variable message signs,ticket machines,parking meters,CCTV,level crossings,emergency telephones and many other applications.Mobile networks are used for a growing range of applications includ

6、ing eCall,traffic lights,maps and navigation,ticketing,EV charging,parking,enforcement cameras and many others.Mobile networks use optical fibre to connect the wireless signal to the internet backbone.Safety critical communications in aviation and maritime use dedicated radio frequencies and a mixtu

7、re of terrestrial(on the ground)and satellite communications.Ofcom suggest some of these frequencies could be shared with other applications like mobile networks.How could DC support the transport network?Vehicle to Everything(V2X)connectivity describes a new way of operating road vehicles where the

8、y communicate with infrastructure,other vehicles and other road users.Electronic communications have become a fundamental enabler for the evolution of modern port operations.Digital connectivity could seamlessly integrate the transport network,inform better decisions for passengers and operators whi

9、le enabling the diffusion and adoption of new technology.Digital train control systems could safely increase network capacity by 40%,but this requires better connectivity.Drones have the potential to make a significant impact on UK productivity but need better digital connectivity to really flourish

10、.New technologies and opportunitiesSocietal expectations are ever increasing:Passengers expect connectivityIntegration needs connectivity Emerging innovations expect connectivityNew opportunities are emerging now:Non terrestrial networks Satellite internet is ubiquitously available in Europe and is

11、extending coverage to air,sea and remote areas where mobile networks can struggle.5G stand alone the UK is about to get full 5G(5GSA).This will be a step change in network capability enabling may new applications for sensors,internet of things and other non-consumer applications.Spectrum and infrast

12、ructure sharing the airwaves are a finite resource and need to be used efficiently.Transport already has dedicated bands,but as technology and needs change,so the way these frequencies are used also needs to change with the times.5G innovation regionsDSIT have funded a shared infrastructure and spec

13、trum project to explore provide 5GSA coverage on EastWest RailBelfast harbor are using private 5G to enable autonomous port vehicle operation and drone inspection.TfLShared infrastructure is providing mobile connectivity on the undergroundSatelliteStarlink antennas are now certified for use on train

14、sNew use cases on the horizonThe CAA has set out plan to enable routine drone flights beyond line of sight.Connected vehicles are already on our roads and their capabilities are continuing to grow.Cars continue to become smarter,increasingly have their own mobile data connections,whilst many can per

15、form some actions automatically,like emergency braking or lane keeping.There are opportunities here to:Support connected vehicles and services by ensuring better connectivity across the road network Speed up adoption and diffusion of beneficial innovations like smart traffic systems,platooning and c

16、ongestion smoothingThe provision of a reliable command and control link(C2 Link)is essential for the safe and crucial for expanding the capabilities of drones and unlocking innovation.There are opportunities here to:Support innovation by ensuring better connectivity at altitude Speed up adoption of

17、remote drone inspection,improving transport resilience and safetyNew use cases on the horizonIn 2035 there will be a massive upgrade to the communication system that underpins the rail network.The Future Rail Mobile Communication System(FRMCS)will see the dedicated rail 2G mobile network(GSM-R)repla

18、ced with a new 5G network,in step with other railways around the world.There are opportunities here to:Support improved passenger connectivity Offer connectivity to other parts of the transport system with the same infrastructure investments Offer better connectivity to isolated placesFRMCS could be

19、 delivered in a number of different waysA private network A private slice on a commercial network.Rail assetRail spectrumA neutral host network(NHN)GBR as the MNOMNO assetMNO spectrumPrivate slice for MCXNHN assetMNO&rail spectrumNTN can augment ground infrastructureNTN can support all scenariosTran

20、sport Telecoms PlanDfT are developing a transport telecoms plan.Consider what public policy goals improved digital connectivity could deliverNetwork deployment modelsSpectrum requirementsInfrastructure sharingCoordinate with INTS,Industrial strategy and Infrastructure strategyUK Wireless Infrastruct

21、ure Strategy:“Advanced wireless connectivity will be the foundation on which we build industries,jobs,skills and services for the future,and this strategy sets out our plan to harness its potential for our economy and our society.”“Contact me if you have any thoughts or insights on transport telecomsMichaela.nelsondft.gov.uk