尾礦和廢物增值之旅：經驗教訓和成功.pdf

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1、1Tailings and waste Valorization JourneyLessons Learned and successesAntonio Pucci,Chief Operating Officer-NutonSeptember 2024 Rio Tinto 2024 Rio Tinto 20242Cautionary and supporting statementsThis presentation has been prepared by Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited(together with their subsidiaries

2、,“Rio Tinto”).By accessing/attending this presentation you acknowledge that you have read and understood the following statements.Forward-looking statementsThis presentation includes“forward-looking statements”within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.All statements

3、other than statements of historical facts included in this report,including,without limitation,those regarding Rio Tintos financial position,business strategy,plans and objectives of management for future operations(including development plans and objectives relating to Rio Tintos products,productio

4、n forecasts and reserve and resource positions),are forward-looking statements.The words“intend”,“aim”,“project”,“anticipate”,“estimate”,“plan”,“believes”,“expects”,“may”,“should”,“will”,“target”,“set to”or similar expressions,commonly identify such forward-looking statements.Such forward-looking st

5、atements involve known and unknown risks,uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual results,performance or achievements of Rio Tinto,or industry results,to be materially different from any future results,performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking stateme

6、nts,particularly in light of the current economic climate and the significant volatility,uncertainty and disruption arising in connection with the Ukraine conflict and the Covid-19 pandemic.Such forward-looking statements are based on numerous assumptions regarding Rio Tintos present and future busi

7、ness strategies and the environment in which Rio Tinto will operate in the future.Among the important factors that could cause Rio Tintos actual results,performance or achievements to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements include,but are not limited to:an inability to live u

8、p to Rio Tintos values and any resultant damage to its reputation;the impacts of geopolitics on trade and investment;the impacts of climate change and the transition to a low-carbon future;an inability to successfully execute and/or realise value from acquisitions and divestments;the level of new or

9、e resources,including the results of exploration programmes and/or acquisitions;disruption to strategic partnerships that play a material role in delivering growth,production,cash or market positioning;damage to Rio Tintos relationships with communities and governments;an inability to attract and re

10、tain requisite skilled people;declines in commodity prices and adverse exchange rate movements;an inability to raise sufficient funds for capital investment;inadequate estimates of ore resources and reserves;delays or overruns of large and complex projects;changes in tax regulation;safety incidents

11、or major hazard events;cyber breaches;physical impacts from climate change;the impacts of water scarcity;natural disasters;an inability to successfully manage the closure,reclamation and rehabilitation of sites;the impacts of civil unrest;the impacts of the Ukraine conflict and the Covid-19 pandemic

12、;breaches of Rio Tintos policies,standard and procedures,laws or regulations;trade tensions between the worlds major economies;increasing societal and investor expectations,in particular with regard to environmental,social and governance considerations;the impacts of technological advancements;and s

13、uch other risks identified in Rio Tintos most recent Annual Report and accounts in Australia and the United Kingdom and the most recent Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission(the“SEC”)or Form 6-Ks furnished to,or filed with,the SEC.Forward-looking

14、statements should,therefore,be construed in light of such risk factors and undue reliance should not be placed on forward-looking statements.These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report.Rio Tinto expressly disclaims any obligation or undertaking(except as required by app

15、licable law,the UK Listing Rules,the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules of the Financial Conduct Authority and the Listing Rules of the Australian Securities Exchange)to release publicly any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statement contained herein to reflect any change in Rio T

16、intos expectations with regard thereto or any change in events,conditions or circumstances on which any such statement is based.Nothing in this presentation should be interpreted to mean that future earnings per share of Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited will necessarily match or exceed its histori

17、cal published earnings per share.Past performance cannot be relied on as a guide to future performance.DisclaimerNeither this presentation,nor the question and answer session,nor any part thereof,may be recorded,transcribed,distributed,published or reproduced in any form,except as permitted by Rio T

18、into.By accessing/attending this presentation,you agree with the foregoing and,upon request,you will promptly return any records or transcripts at the presentation without retaining any copies.This presentation contains a number of non-IFRS financial measures.Rio Tinto management considers these to

19、be key financial performance indicators of the business and they are defined and/or reconciled in Rio Tintos annual results press release,Annual Report and accounts in Australia and the United Kingdom and/or the most recent Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC or Form 6-Ks furnished to,or f

20、iled with,the SEC.Reference to consensus figures are not based on Rio Tintos own opinions,estimates or forecasts and are compiled and published without comment from,or endorsement or verification by,Rio Tinto.The consensus figures do not necessarily reflect guidance provided from time to time by Rio

21、 Tinto where given in relation to equivalent metrics,which to the extent available can be found on the Rio Tinto website.By referencing consensus figures,Rio Tinto does not imply that it endorses,confirms or expresses a view on the consensus figures.The consensus figures are provided for information

22、al purposes only and are not intended to,nor do they,constitute investment advice or any solicitation to buy,hold or sell securities or other financial instruments.No warranty or representation,either express or implied,is made by Rio Tinto or its affiliates,or their respective directors,officers an

23、d employees,in relation to the accuracy,completeness or achievability of the consensus figures and,to the fullest extent permitted by law,no responsibility or liability is accepted by any of those persons in respect of those matters.Rio Tinto assumes no obligation to update,revise or supplement the

24、consensus figures to reflect circumstances existing after the date hereof.2024,Rio Tinto,All Rights ReservedBehind these outcomes and learnings are dedicated and passionate people from both Rio Tinto and our partners3Tailings attractionILLUSION OF ABUNDANCE OF RESOURCEITS FREE AND WITHOUT LIABILITY

25、TO THE USERSOCIETAL DRIVE TO SUPPORT SUCH INITIATIVES42024,Rio Tinto,All Rights Reserved5Tailings ShortfallMisunderstanding of what is in them Elemental vs Mineralogical content Trace elements deportment Solubility vs insolubilityDistance to market Most by-products have small economic zones(50 to 20

26、0 miles)The miraculous ingredient,not accessibleRegulatory approvals Great product,no use as no one wants to get it approved It costs money and takes timeRepurposing waste liabilities Remining permitting Who carries the risk New ultimate waste profile Processing cost Market priceKnow your market It

27、is not because in country A there is a shortage that you can produce it in country B No appetite to develop the marketEngagement model disengagement Starts as a wholly independent venture Dilutes itself into a process licensor as they progress and see the hurdles2024,Rio Tinto,All Rights Reserved6Ca

28、nadas opportunities for tailings and mine wasteTailings and waste rock production in Canada is 650 Million Tonnes Per Year(MTPY)1Production of main construction commodities:Cement:14 MTPY2 Aggregates:317 MTPY3Production of mine tailing and waste is scattered across Canada and mostly away from urban

29、centersConsumers of such commodities are mostly concentrated in two narrow corridors of about 200 miles wide.In such a market,producing tailored by-products that fetch at least the logistic-associated costs is important.The Canadian Market Case Study 1:2023-Waste Rock and Tailings|Mining Watch Canad

30、a2:2014-Joint statement:Canadas Cement Industry and the Government of Canada announce a partnership3:2022-Annual Statistics of Mineral Production|Natural Resources Canada(nrcan-rncan.gc.ca)ArcGIS-A counting of tailings in Canada2024,Rio Tinto,All Rights Reserved7Decades of valorization workSimple us

31、es:Fraction separation for aggregate substitutionValue extraction:Filler material for civil work products and mine backfillSupplemental cement materials:Fly ash substitutionGeopolymersAccess to critical mineralsSource of green energy:Noval&Nuton2024,Rio Tinto,All Rights Reserved8Value added products

32、 from Aluminium Dross and spent pot lining treatmentNovalA by-product from salt free dross processingThe outcome of a metal value preservation approachInitial reuse scenario was to produce calcium aluminatesValue to cement producer was found by mistakeAlextraTo valorize by-products of Rio Tinto spen

33、t pot lining treatment plantSpent pot lining product is processed and separated into its constituents:CaF2Carbonaceous/graphiteNaOHAlumina and Silica.The result of close collaboration with cement producers Pictures:RTA TMS 2016 The LCL&L process2024,Rio Tinto,All Rights ReservedFive Years of Industr

34、ial experience with the plasma dross treatment processSerge Lavoie&Jacques Lachance Alcan Smelters and Chemicals LtdThird international symposium Recycling of Metals and Engineered MaterialsNovember 12-15,1995;Point Clear Alabama9NutonLeveraging the exothermic oxidation and resulting acid generation

35、 from pyrite,which is typically stored in submerged tailings ponds.Nuton is a bio-heap leaching technology that harnesses the power of bacteria to extract copper from primary sulphides.Minerals make up more than 70%of the worlds known copper resources.The Nuton technologies have the potential to be

36、game changes by making historically difficult-to-leach primary sulphide ores economically viable.We accomplish this by achieving industry-leading copper recovery rates of up to 85%,surpassing current industry norms.Nuton also boasts exceptional sustainability credentials,using less water and energy

37、while maintaining a significantly smaller carbon footprint compared to technologies with similar recovery rates.Technologies Nuton US Patent 757562292024,Rio Tinto,All Rights Reserved10Scientific PavementWe are encouraged by the preliminary results and acknowledge the road ahead to an end useCollabo

38、rative project involving the regulator,university and industryValorize the use of bauxite residues and carbonaceous by-products from spent pot liningInitial production batch laid in 2022 at RTA RD&D center in Arvida to evaluate:Technical feasibilityDurability with trafficImpacts of freeze and thaw c

39、ycles on its integrityUndergoing independent regulatory review which would lead to potential certification for public road applications.Pavage scientifique:un projet qui fait son chemin Le Lingot102024,Rio Tinto,All Rights Reserved11Failure:Common HurdlesBlack box technologiesNo mass balance wishful

40、 chemistry and thermodynamicsExtremely complex processes with ambitious ramp upsIncomplete business casesUnrealistic expectations Product qualityAggressive processes Oh!there is a waste streamConfidentiality2024,Rio Tinto,All Rights Reserved12Paths to future successTransparencyAim for gems rather than volumeDedication of resourcesKnowledge sharingMost solutions are local so why see it as a competitive fieldAlign outcomes to meet economic and environmental criteria and stakeholder expectations2024,Rio Tinto,All Rights Reserved