思科 Wi-Fi：如何針對要求最苛刻的客戶端和應用調整設計和配置.pdf

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1、#CiscoLive#CiscoLiveJerome Henry,Principal Engineer,Office of the Wireless CTOBRKEWN-2926Cisco Wi-Fi:how to tune your design and configurations for your most demanding clients and applications 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveEnter your personal notes hereCi

2、sco Webex App 3Questions?Use Cisco Webex App to chat with the speaker after the sessionFind this session in the Cisco Live Mobile AppClick“Join the Discussion”Install the Webex App or go directly to the Webex spaceEnter messages/questions in the Webex spaceHowWebex spaces will be moderated by the sp

3、eaker until June 9,2023.12343https:/ 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco PublicBRKEWN-2926Agenda 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco PublicIntroductionWhat is this Client?How this information helps youHow do your clients see the World?Use it to better de

4、sign your cells,their power and their overlapWhy did the client leave?Use it to better troubleshoot issuesConclusionBRKEWN-29264Why Are We Here Together?2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco PublicHuman:“Hey ChatGPT:I like to sit inside my microwave oven and turn it on to get wa

5、rm.But,when the oven door is closed,I get bad Facetime experience.How would you recommend improving my Wi-Fi coverage inside the oven?”But you just told me that the microwave oven walls block the Wi-Fi signal.Wouldnt that still be the case with an extender near the oven?Er but wait.Now the extender

6、is not going to receive any signal from the main AP,how is this going to work?Oh,so you mean installing another access point inside the oven then?ChatGPT:Microwave ovens emit electromagnetic radiation,which can interfere with the Wi-Fi signal.Besides,the metallic walls may prevent the Wi-Fi signal f

7、rom going through.You could try to put a Wi-Fi extender near the oven to get better coverage.Apologies for the confusion.You are correct.Instead,you could try to position the extender inside the oven,this way,the walls will not block the signal.Apologies for the incomplete answer,you are right,the e

8、xtender will not get the signal from your Wi-Fi router.Instead,you could try using a wired network connection,such as an Ethernet cable,to connect your extender to the Wi-Fi router.No,I am referring to installing a wired Wi-Fi extender.You could also try using a wired network connection,such as an E

9、thernet cable,to connect your device directly to the internet.Another option is to download the videos you want to watch before going with your food in the microwave,so you dont need a Wi-Fi connection while the oven is running.This can also help save on data usage if youre on a limited data 6BRKEWN

10、-2926 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLive7BRKEWN-2926 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveYour Wi-Fi is Only As Good As Your Data LakeBRKEWN-29268It is not realistic to imagine that things will really work if both sides a

11、re blindfoldedAPs know the world only from a ceiling perspectiveSTAs have no idea about the world beyond the local APNo Standard solves this issueCant connectWell,you shouldBut I cantYet I have the best config#$%AP!2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveWe Really

12、Need Both Sides ViewUplink quality and throughput are different from downlink quality and throughputRF conditions at client are different from those at APAP and client HW specs are differentAPs knows its RF conditions and the success of its downstream trafficAP sees client upstream data rate and ret

13、ry bit-can only infer why upstream is different from downstreamClient barely knows about other clients in the same cellClient has limited awareness of neighboring cells existenceClient has no idea about cell edge location or next cell conditionsGround Truth is DualAP cant see through the eye of the

14、clientClient cant be the eye in the sky9BRKEWN-2926 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveBring the view from the ceiling to the clientClients roam faster,find the best cell,optimize its traffic802.11 has standard reasonswhat if you click another SSID in your cli

15、ent OS?User reasons,upper layer reasons,deeper 802.11 reasonsAP RSSI,neighbor APs signal,Retries,problemsForm factor(phone/tablet/laptop)-Helps learn behaviorHW(what chipset),SW(what drivers,what OS)Spot bugs/specific behavior overridesCisco brings to your customer the client viewWhat is this client

16、?What is this client?How does the client see the RF?How does the client see the RF?Why did it leave?Why did it leave?Next:lets exchange furtherNext:lets exchange furtherCisco is the onlyonlycompany with the size and power to partner with the largest client vendorsYour clients send exclusive messages

17、 to Cisco APs that help make your network betterBRKEWN-2926Better Knowing Your Clients 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveVisible in C9800,DNAC,Meraki Dashboard*,No configuration requiredWhat is this client?AppleApple:Immediately after association,the iOS/MacO

18、S*client sends an unsolicited(encrypted)action frame with platform(“iPhone 14”)and OS(“iOS 13.5.1”)IntelIntel:Immediately after association,the Intel(AX200 and later)client sends an unsolicited(encrypted)action frame with HW-Model(“AX210”),driver versions(“4.5.12”),OS Version(Win 11.0.12”),AC/DC vol

19、tage(“AC”-useful for plugged/on battery)SamsungSamsung:Immediately after association,the Samsung(Galaxy S10 and later,Android 9 and later)client sends an unsolicited(encrypted)action frame with platform“(Galaxy 22 Ultra)”,OS(“Android 14.1”),Manufacturer build(Samsung v5.917”),SP build(“AT&T v4.1.17”

20、)Technical points:Frame is of type“action”,“vendor-specific”subtype.Client only sends it when detecting a Cisco AP(from probe responses/beacons).*MacOS:supported on Intel platforms since 2918,added to Mx(M1/M2)platforms in June 2023*Samsung details are not supported in Meraki Dashboard yetI am iOS 1

21、3.5.1,iPad Pro(11inch)BRKEWN-2926 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveIntel Connectivity Analytics on DNAC Client 360Intel EndpointIntel EndpointSpecific InfoSpecific InfoBRKEWN-2926 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveBet

22、ter TroubleshootingBetter Troubleshooting96%of STAs disconnecting in this zone are Galaxy S98 running Android 17.1.2How Does Knowing the Client Help You?Proactive maintenanceProactive maintenanceAlert:day 0 weakness affects Android 17.1.2-you can see which devices run this version of the OS14Roaming

23、/cell managementRoaming/cell managementiPhone 16 seem to roam here(short connection drops reported)Galaxy S98 seem to roam here(no issues)BRKEWN-2926Seeing the World from your Clients Eyes 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveVisible in DNAC,Meraki Dashboard*,Ho

24、w does the client see the Network?Apple:Apple:Right after successful key-exchange during association(and after sending the model number),the iOS/MacOS device sends to its AP an 802.11k Beacon Report(Unsolicited mode)with list of BSSIDs/channels/RSSI for the current SSIDIntel:Intel:After association(

25、after sending client details),the Intel client sends to its AP an 802.11k Beacon Report(table).At any time,your can also ask for another 11k Beacon Report(table,passive,active)SamsungSamsung:After association(upon receiving STA specs),AP auto-queries the phone(802.11k beacon report request)to send a

26、n 802.11k Beacon Report(table).At any time,you can also ask for another 11k Beacon Report(table,passive,active)Technical points:Technical points:There are 3 types of beacon reports:table(in the phone memory as a result of previous scan valid for a few secs as the phone may be moving),passive/active(

27、AP instructs phone to go scan passively(silent but longer)or actively(faster)one or many channels).On demand scan is from WLC CLI,with command wireless client mac-address scan-reportHere is the list of APs I see*Samsung details are not supported in Meraki Dashboard yet16BRKEWN-2926Use Client 11k Rep

28、orts to Map your RF Floor 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLive18Session ID 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveMap your RF FloorFrom your client viewpoint19BRKEWN-2926*https:/ a Cisco network and any recent Samsung galaxy

29、or Intel client,you can send 802.11k(MBO)requests*to get the client view,anywhere,anytime Table report(last scan,0 scanning cost)Channel report(how do you see me?)Channel class report(go scan channels A,B and C)Fast fading coverage gap behind a pillarSignal drop as client turns the corner 2023 Cisco

30、 and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveMapping your RF FloorIntel clients also send us“Bad Coverage”and Temporary disconnection”reports“I hear you,but been below-75 dBm for x minutes”“Moved to you,but lost contact withAP1 at X dBm Y minutes ago”Samsung clients also send us

31、their cellular signal(along with Wi-Fi)For the first time,you can map yourindoor cellular coverage!.and automatically push your Samsung clients to cellular at the edge of the Wi-Fi domain!Bonus20BRKEWN-2926Cellular coverage gap 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoL

32、iveThe“View from my Hand”is Different from the“View from the Ceiling”Six months report from network“designed from the ceiling”:AP power set with“AP to AP”in mind(max level 1)RSSI seen by the AP is lower than that seen by Client(likely due to lower transmit power of Client)RSSI difference is signific

33、ant:50%of time the RSSI is about 6 dB.At 90%the difference is between 0 and 15 dBI see you at-56 dBmI see you at-62 dBmIf half the clients power was the same as half the APs power,this point would be at the center of the green cross but it is 6 dB belowBRKEWN-292623 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.

34、All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveImagine This Scenario.(based on an actual customer situation)111111111Customer moved to Wi-Fi only DISASTER!Wi-Fi was Terrible!Investigation revealed all APs at max power(power level 1)survey with laptop showing AP signalCovering 7500 sq.ft.per AP(2500 sq.ft

35、.per AP is recommended)They needed 3x as many APs!120 ftBRKEWN-292624 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveIf AP Signal is Strong,Client Uses High Data RateClient power can be low,noise at the AP high,HW specs may be differentThis is the AP signal(at phone level

36、)This is the phone signal(at AP level)BRKEWN-292625 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveCan Power Really Damage Cell Conditions?Bad design example:Client 12 dBm,AP 20 dBmBased on Rx AP signal,client thinks 54 Mbps rate is okay But client message is too weak,and

37、 AP does not ACK until rate falls to 12 mbpsEach message takes 8 times more to be transmitted(including EIFS and retries)BRKEWN-292626 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveKnowing the Client View Also Helps With Roaming DesignYour goal is to minimize your real t

38、ime flow interruptions27BRKEWN-2926Weaker signal,need to roam.“Ill be back”ScanBest next AP foundreassociationCant talk to AP!No response,multiple retries,rate shiftsAP kicked me outPanic scan!AP found!Reassociation.Failure!Bad AP/connection failedPanic scan!start scanning(device Tx/Rx data):jump if

39、 other cell is 8 dB better(device idle):jump if other cell 12 dB betterApple IOS,iPadOS Roaming Logic(https:/ OS Roaming Logic(https:/ roaming logic(https:/ dBm-starts scanningJump if other cell is 12 dB betterSamsung:-75 dBm(or-65,75 dBm AND CU.70%)-starts scanningJump if other cell is 10 dB better

40、Intel:depends on the OEM(antenna type),often-65,-75 dBmDepends on Roaming aggressiveness,often 5,20 dB BRKEWN-292628 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveRoaming Point and Selection LogicRoaming is based on“Client View”You can use client utilities,but the way yo

41、u check them is not always real lifeClient view on the AP does not depend on the screen position/orientationYou also want a good signal at the AP levelEspecially with directional antennas29BRKEWN-2926There can be a 20 dB difference between these photos 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights res

42、erved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveClient Form Factor and Attenuation“Good”clients power level match the AP power(e.g.,23 dBm)Low entry clients may be much less(e.g.,14 dBm max)Antenna type,position(and hand/head position)can change everything30BRKEWN-2926Planar Inverted F Antenna(PIFA)Head not goodHand no

43、t good 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveCell Edge,in RSSIAP1At the point where AP1 signal is-70 dBm,AP2 signal is-62 dBmAP2Thats a-66 dBm edge,the client signal on the AP may be 6 dB lower!BRKEWN-292631Beware of 5 GHz to 2.4 GHz roams!5 GHz-only may be bette

44、rIf your average client starts looking at-70,it should find there a better AP 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveEffect on your Network Design 32Design your 5 GHz/2.4 GHz overlap wisely:2.4 GHz signal,at same distance from the AP,is commonly 7 dB better than 5

45、 GHz signalIOS is“supposed to”roam to next BSSID only if its signal is at least 8 dB better than previous one(this in theory avoid the 5 GHz to 2.4 GHz poor roaming behavior)BUT measurement sensitivity uncertainty in mass silicon is 3 to 4 dB*To limit roaming,limit the SSID to one band(5 GHz if poss

46、ible).With dual-band SSIDs,expect frequent 5 GHz-2.4 GHz roams*This means that your Iphone can show-70 dBm for the AP,while my Iphone at exact same position can show between-66 and-74.Measure next day on your Iphone and you may also see anything between-66 and-74AP“-70 dBm”for 5 GHz,-61 dBm for 2.4

47、GHz,same SSIDIphone“roams”from 5 GHz to 2.4 GHz,same AP,same SSIDBRKEWN-2926 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveEffect on your Network Design 33If you can,design for 5 GHz only,and design optimized overlapsAP1At the point where AP1 signal is-70 dBm,AP2 signal

48、is-62 dBmAP2Thats a-66 dBm edgeBRKEWN-2926 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLive-66 dBm,but What is the AP Power?In short:right AP max power value is at your worst client max powerat your worst client max powerExperience shows you can allow a 3 dB marginFor 5 GH

49、z,most worst clients are at 14 dBm,set your AP power to 17 dBm maxOtherwise,you get this:BRKEWN-200334 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveUse the Reports to Strategically Position Your Transition APs132ABC At“A”the phone is connected to AP 1 At“B”the phone has

50、 AP 2 in the neighbor list,AP 3 has not yet been scanned due to the RF shadow caused by the elevator bank At“C”the phone needs to roam,but AP 2 is the only AP in the neighbor list The phone then needs to rescan and connect to AP 3 200 B frame 54 Mbps is sent in 3.7 s 200 B frame 24 Mbps is sent in 8

51、.3 s Rate shifting from 54 Mbps to 24 Mbps can waste 1100 sBRKEWN-292635 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveUse the Reports to Strategically Position Your Transition APsABC123 At point A the phone is connected to AP 1 At point B the phone has AP 2 in the neigh

52、bor list as it was able to scan it while moving down the hall At point C the phone needs to roam and successfully selects AP 2 The phone has sufficient time to scan for AP 3 ahead of timeBRKEWN-292636 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveHow To Design Your Overl

53、apFirst trick to know:Twice the distance=-6 dBHalf the distance=+6dBAt distance d:X dBm(e.g.,-66 dBm)At distance 2xd:(X-6)dBm(e.g.,-72dBm)At distance d/2:(X+6)dBm(e.g.,-60 dBm)BRKEWN-292637 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveThe 6 dBm RuleSo if you stand at th

54、e“-66 dBm border”Move away from AP 1 until you get 66 dBmThen pull AP 2 in the other direction until you also hear it at 66 dBmHalf way pointAP 1 at 66 dBmAP 2 at 66 dBmAP 1AP 2BRKEWN-292638 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveThe 6 dBm RuleGo back to AP 1AP2 s

55、hould be at“66 6”=-72 dBm.Add 2-3dB loss if there is a plaster wall-75 dBmAP 2 at 72 to-75 dBmAP 2AP 11 times the distance2 times the distanceBRKEWN-292639 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveThe 6 dBm RuleMeasureThis is your average AP to AP distance for this

56、environmentAP 2 at 72 to-75 dBmAP 2AP 1BRKEWN-292640 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveAvoid Ping Pong ZonesPing-pong effect occurs when a wireless client is at the edge of two cells and hops between them.Client stays hereBRKEWN-292641 2023 Cisco and/or its a

57、ffiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveHow to Avoid Ping Pong ZonesSet your AP power to(for example)17 dBmWhen your AP signal is at-62 dBm/-67 dBm on the phone,another AP should be in rangeMake sure that your first allowed rate is mandatory/beacon rateAvoid Designs with sudden signal de

58、gradation(Ping Pong syndrome)Better(for the corridor walkers)Suboptimal for corridor coverageBRKEWN-292642 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveIt is not Because You Decide that The Cell Should Stop There,That It WillClients will stay connected until they decide

59、 to roam292643 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveRoaming:Sending your Clients to the Next(Best)Cell802.11k vs 802.11v BSS Transition Management What could my next AP be?Here are thebest 6 for youNeed to roam,what AP do you recommend?Try this oneWant to join y

60、our cellNah,load too high,go there instead802.11k neighbor listYour RSSI/rates are too low,roam to there instead802.11v Solicited request802.11v Unsolicited Optimized Roaming request802.11v Unsolicited requestBRKEWN-292644 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLive80

61、2.11v:Cisco vs Other GuysWe understand how iOS and Samsung devices think,other guys do notNeed to roam,what AP do you recommend?Try this oneLove it,thanks!Need to roam,what AP do you recommend?Try this oneThat is NOT a good AP!(ignore and full scan)BRKEWN-292645 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All

62、rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveWhere this Happens46BRKEWN-2926Enable individually 802.11k,vThere is no downsides to802.11k/vEnable Device Analytics to get information from clientShare data with client to help upstream reportsEnables Intel AnalyticsEnables Samsung AnalyticsShares with Samsung

63、client(onboard ML optimizer)Enables 11k reports(Samsung,Intel)2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveWhat do you need to configure?IntelIntelAppleAppleSamsungSamsungWhat is the client type?What is the client type?Catalyst(9800)Device analytics Advertise PC analyti

64、cs supportAutomatically on(CCXv5 IE has a bit set on by default)Need Device Analytics Advertise supportMerakiAutomatically on,cannot be turned offAutomatically on,cannot be turned offn.a.How does the client see How does the client see the network?the network?Catalyst(9800)Automatically at associatio

65、n/reassociation if PCanalytics is ON.Also sent dynamicallyAutomatically on(but only at association/reassociation time)Automatically at association/reassociation if device analytics is ON.Also sent dynamicallyMerakiAutomatically on,cannot be turned offAutomatically on,cannot be turned offn.a.Why did

66、the client leave?Why did the client leave?Catalyst(9800)Automatically if Advertise PC analytics support Automatically onAutomatically if device Analytics is ONMerakiAutomatically on,cannot be turned offAutomatically on,cannot be turned offn.a.For better client For better client experienceexperienceC

67、atalyst(9800)Its a good to enable 802.11k/v and Device Analytics share data with client.Cisco sends the STA info about AP to tune its algorithms to understand what is a good APMerakin.a.47BRKEWN-2926 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveRoaming Faster Also Impli

68、es Good QoSBackgroundBest EffortVideoVoice1,20,34,56,7Application DataBRKEWN-200048When wireless frames are transmitted,a 3-bit QoS value known as the User Priority(UP)is written into the 802.11 L2 frameUP Values:2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveResults of t

69、he EDCA TimersBy combining these timers,the theoretical probability of higher priority frames getting serviced first is greatly improved(but is not guaranteed in every case)Simply having a queue doesnt give you QoS how you manage the queue is what matters.BRKEWN-292649 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliat

70、es.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveInfrastructure QoS and Client QoSWe do a lot here“Not much we can do”hereBRKEWN-292650Wired Network802.1Q Trunk802.1Q TrunkCAPWAP 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveL3 and L2 QoSIEEE 802.11 ModelVoiceAccessCategoryB

71、est EffortAccessCategoryVideoAccessCategoryBackgroundAccessCategoryUP 7UP 5UP 3UP 2UP 6UP 4UP 0UP 1OAMSignalingRealtime InteractiveTransactional DataMultimedia ConferencingBulk DataAF2CS3CS4AF4CS2AF1ScavengerCS1Best EffortDFMultimedia StreamingAF3Broadcast VideoVoice+DSCP-AdmitRFC 4594-Based ModelCS

72、5EF+44Internetwork ControlCS6DSCPNetwork Control(CS7)Remark/Drop if not in use Apple Samsung/Google MicrosoftRFC 8325BRKEWN-292651 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveQoS PartnershipsEndpoint/ClientEndpoint/ClientVoice(Voice(EF)EF)Video(AF41/42)Video(AF41/42)Co

73、ntrol(CS3)Control(CS3)WMM ConventionWMM Convention6 64,54,54 4Audio(iOS)6 655 5Audio(Samsung)6 655 5Audio(OSX)6 655 5Audio(Windows 10)6 65 55 5BRKEWN-292652Endpoint/ClientEndpoint/ClientVoice(Voice(EF)EF)Video(AF41/42)Video(AF41/42)Control(CS3)Control(CS3)WMM ConventionWMM Convention6 64,54,54 4Audi

74、o(iOS)5 550 0Audio(Samsung)5 550 0Audio(OSX)5 550 0Audio(Windows 10)5 54 43 32015TodayTodayWindows:Windows:use Group PoliciesSamsung:natively implements RC 8325Other Android:Other Android:test,they might support QoSiOS:iOS:use Fastlane 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Publi

75、c#CiscoLiveFastLane:Apple and CiscoQoS Profile is not consideredApplications can only mark UP,not DSCP*QoS Profile or no QoS ProfileIf a Profile was received,all apps in whitelist can mark QoS upstreamQoS ProfileCisco-APNon-Cisco-APSupports Fastlane*DSCP can be marked with IP_TOS/IPv6_TCLASS when SO

76、_NET_SERVICE_TYPE is best effortBRKEWN-292653 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveFastLane enables network administrator to prioritize applications per your environmentSupports Fast laneAdmin can provision Apple IOS device with a QoS profile*Applications in whi

77、telist get QoS marking*Other applications get BE/BKSupports Fast laneMy profile for this environment:Minecraft=Real-time-interactiveViber=BEMy profile for this environment:Minecraft=BEViber=VoiceCisco-APSupports FastLaneSupports FastLaneCisco-AP*Without a profile,all applications are whitelisted by

78、default in a Fast Lane cell*Fast Lane does NOT override apps QoS,it either allow the app QoS or apply BEBRKEWN-292654 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveFastlane Who Does What Marks app flows appropriately ApplicationDeveloper Accepts most Cisco configuration

79、defaults Enables Fastlane on target SSIDsNetwork Administrator(Optional)Receives the QoS profileEnd UserCisco WLAN Network and Apple equipment recognize each other;QOS marking is trusted end-to-end (Optional)Creates and deploy an iOS QoS profile to whitelist only mission-critical applicationsMobile

80、Device ManagerBRKEWN-292655 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveConfigure AVC to Ensure Marking Consistency56BRKEWN-2926AVC provides traffic visibility and ensures that marking stays consistent in both directions 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights rese

81、rved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveFastLane is great but we want to get rid of the profile needFor 802.11ax,we developed FastLanePlusThe(11ax iOS 14 and up)client tells us in advance what traffic is going to come upUses an Advanced Service Request(ASR)frameWe pre-book resources,and allocate them as traffic

82、flowsReducing Roaming Latency Further:FastlanePlusD99%-11acD99%-11axD90%-11acD90%-11axusers:N=20 N=40 N=80LatencyBRKEWN-292657 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveFastLanePlus(ASR)Effect on Latency58BRKEWN-2926 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserv

83、ed.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveOne checkboxWhat about non-Apple clients?We inserted FastLanePlus into 802.11be-aka Wi-Fi 7We also inserted client QoS policy(Fastlane)into Wi-Fi Alliance Optimized Connectivity ProgramClients get the QoS profile at association timeComing to your other clients soonFastLane+C

84、onfiguration59BRKEWN-2926 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveEffect on Your Network Design60Enable QoS(your clients use it!)Trust DSCP(CoS,802.1p are things of the past)Enable FastLane PlusUse AVC if neededOnly enable ACM if your real-time audio is predominant

85、ly on iOS and/or Cisco phonesBRKEWN-2926 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveNo Fast LaneQoS Prioritization is Critical in Congested ScenariosIn a congested environment,one voice packet is sent every 20 msWe measure the actual interval between voice packets in

86、the upstream directionCapture time(seconds)Packet average interval is 40 ms(not so good)Many glitches,of up to 0.6 second(poor audio experience)Interval(seconds)Fast LaneInterval(seconds)Packet average interval is 20 ms(good)Very few glitches,of up to 0.1 second(fair audio experience)BRKEWN-292661 2

87、023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveRoaming Performance:10 x Better end-user Browsing and App ExperienceQoS,802.11r/k/vNo QoS,No 802.11r/k/vTime(s)*Time Interval between last packet on previous AP,and first packet on next APBRKEWN-292662 2023 Cisco and/or its af

88、filiates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveAn Example Cisco Bedfont LakesSupport requests Wi-Fi issues during Video VoFi call63BRKEWN-2926IncidentIncident levellevel(Before upgrade)(Before upgrade)Count overCount over 1 week1 weekLevel 0(productivity Crusher)-Call disconnected-13Level 1(Prod

89、uctivity Inhibitor)-Audio&video gaps-36Level 2(Minor Annoyance)-Audi glitch or light pixelization-131Total180Roaming points1.Determine coverage gaps2.If coverage is satisfactory,look at SW config 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveAn Example Cisco Bedfont Lake

90、sSupport requests Wi-Fi issues during Video VoFi call64BRKEWN-2926IncidentIncident levellevel(Before upgrade)(Before upgrade)Count overCount over 1 1 weekweek(After upgrade)(After upgrade)Count overCount over 1 1 weekweekChange(%)Change(%)Level 0(productivity Crusher)-Call disconnected-130-100%100%L

91、evel 1(Productivity Inhibitor)-Audio&video gaps-368-78%78%Level 2(Minor Annoyance)-Audi glitch or light pixelization-13196-27%27%TotalTotal180180104104-42%42%2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveAn Example Cisco Bedfont LakesSupport requests Wi-Fi issues during

92、Video VoFi call65BRKEWN-2926https:/ Do Clients Disappear?2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLive802.11 Reason Codes802.11 says“why”one side terminates the connection70 possible reasonsReasons are only“L1 or L2”No OS or upper layer event consideredNo user action co

93、nsidered67BRKEWN-2926 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveUsed internally in WLC,DNA-C and MerakiNo configuration requiredWhy did the client go away?When a client roams or disconnects,it sends a disassociation message.The Apple,Samsung and Intel client sends a

94、proprietary reason code telling us when the reason is not 802.11 in nature(in addition to the 802.11 reason code)Apple:Apple:Adds#9 upper Layer reasons to the 802.11 reasons(DHCP failed,EAP timed out,802.1X failed,device is idle,captive portal security failed,decryption failed,Wi-Fi interface disabl

95、ed,user triggered deassoc,AP-triggered deassoc)SamsungSamsung:Adds#34 Layer 2 or higher reasons(same family as Apple,but detailed,for example DHCP failed,Samsung says at what step)Intel:Intel:Intel sends other reports(next slide)I am leaving as user turned on airplane mode*Samsung details are not su

96、pported in Meraki Dashboard yetBRKEWN-292668 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveEven More Feedback-IntelStation InformationHelps troubleshoot and identify Intel devices based on their specific attributes.Reports:Reports:Hardware model,OS version,driver version

97、,manufacturer,voltage,system model.Temporary DisconnectsReports:Reports:When a client disconnection is due to a missed beacon.Helps understand why a client has disconnected from the network.Low RSSIRaise a sticky client issue and understand why a roam hasnt been triggered.Reports:Reports:When RSSI i

98、s below-75 dBMfor 5 mins,Last Reported Time.Neighboring APProvides a client-side view of the network and the reason for a roam.Reports:Reports:BSSIDs of Top 5 APs based on RSSI,Roaming Reasons based on Missed Beacons and 11v recommendations.Failed APsUsed to identify and flag rogue BSSIDsReports:Rep

99、orts:Reports invalid IEs in beacons/probe responses/association responses,BSSID.Unknown APReports:Reports:Reports a list of APs not part of Neighboring AP report.Helps troubleshoot issues with non-valid IEs and see why AP isnt responding.BRKEWN-292669 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights rese

100、rved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveIntel Connectivity Analytics on Client 360Client ReportsClient Reportsand Eventsand EventsNeighboring APs Neighboring APs and BSSIDand BSSIDDedicated Intel Analytics TabRoam Event DetailsBRKEWN-292670 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoL

101、iveIntel Connectivity Analytics on Client 360(cont.)Detailed ReportDetailed ReportLow RSSIBetter APOther11v forceLow RSSILow RSSILow RSSIBetter APOtherOtherOtherRoam ReasonsRoam ReasonsBRKEWN-292671DNAC Better Client Troubleshooting +Now with Client View to Complete the Picture36 10.10.1.25 0Onboard

102、 Packet Onboard Packet stage identifierstage identifierAnomaly Packet Anomaly Packet SequenceSequenceDownload Download Onboard PacketOnboard PacketRealReal-time Client location Map time Client location Map with trail of movementwith trail of movementStart and Stop Full Packet Start and Stop Full Pac

103、ket Capture for AP4800Capture for AP4800RealReal-TimeTimeClient Event Client Event ViewerViewerSession Session DurationDurationNetwork Network Time TravelTime TravelRealReal-TimeTimeLive ModeLive Mode 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveSupported Software and H

104、ardware MatrixCisco and Intel Chipset DevicesCisco IOS XE WLC Cisco IOS XE WLC SoftwareSoftwareCisco AireOS WLC Cisco AireOS WLC SoftwareSoftware17.6.1N/ACisco Access Point HardwareCisco Access Point HardwareAll Wave 2,Catalyst Wi-Fi 6/6E APsIntel ChipsetIntel ChipsetAX200,AX201,AX210,AX211,AX411Cis

105、co DNA CenterCisco DNA CenterIntel Driver SoftwareIntel Driver Software2.3.322.50.1Cisco IOS XE WLC HardwareCisco IOS XE WLC HardwareEmbedded Wireless Controller on the AP and SwitchC9800-CLC9800-LC9800-40C9800-80BRKEWN-292673 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLi

106、veMerakiMerakiWLC WLC TypeTypeCisco DNA Cisco DNA CenterCenterWLC SW WLC SW VersionVersionIntel Connectivity Intel Connectivity AnalyticsAnalyticsMR29IOS XE2.3.317.6.1AireOSN/AN/AApple AnalyticsApple AnalyticsMR27IOS XE2.2.116.12.1sAireOS2.2.18.5Samsung AnalyticsSamsung AnalyticsMR29 Not launched ye

107、tIOS-XE2.2.117.1.1AireOSN/AN/AIntel Connectivity,Apple,Samsung Analytics Minimum Software Support MatrixBRKEWN-292674Takeaways 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveConclusion Leverage the knowledge of your Wi-Fi clients in Cisco networks Who is the client,how th

108、e client sees the world,why did the client leaveUse the pre-built tools in WLC/DNAC/Meraki Dashboard,or build your own scrips if you have custom needs we give you the raw data to empower you furtherSet your AP power to match your client powerRemember,-70 dBm roaming edge is common,14 dBm is commonTh

109、ink“roaming path”,position your APs so that view from the ceiling=view from the groundEnable 11k/r/v,QoS,5 GHz-only SSIDs if you can76BRKEWN-2926 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveMeet The EngineerIf you have specific questions,ChatGPT suggest an MTE:“ChatGPT

110、,write an ode to getting an MTE with Jerome”77BRKEWN-2926With keen proficiency,he seeks channels free,From interference,ensuring seamless glee.In milliseconds,success is defined,Jeromes guidance,a networks lifeline.Raise your voice,celebrate this wondrous seer,Meet the Engineer,Jerome,connectivitys

111、pioneer.With his expertise,fear not a flawed connection,WiFi optimized with Jeromes perfection.Meet the Engineer with wisdom,Jerome by name,Optimizing WiFi networks,his claim to fame.For real-time apps demanding high connectivity,He fine-tunes signals with profound efficacy.In crowded halls and bust

112、ling spaces,Jeromes expertise embraces,Video streams and urgent commands,He eradicates WiFis limiting strands.2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveFill out your session surveys!Attendees who fill out a minimum of four session surveys and the overall event survey

113、 will get Cisco Live-branded socks(while supplies last)!78BRKEWN-2926These points help you get on the leaderboard and increase your chances of winning daily and grand prizesAttendees will also earn 100 points in the Cisco Challenge for every survey completed.2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco PublicContinue your educationVisit the Cisco Showcase for related demosBook your one-on-oneMeet the Engineer meetingAttend the interactive education with DevNet,Capture the Flag,and Walk-in LabsVisit the On-Demand Library for more sessions at www.CiscoL you#CiscoLive#CiscoLive