用于小型車輛真實駕駛排放測量的微型化排放檢測系統評估 .pdf

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1、LABORATORY OF APPLIED THERMODYNAMICSARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY THESSALONIKISCHOOL OF ENGINEERINGDEPT.OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERINGOSAR ConferenceMarch 2024Riverside,CaliforniaRaptis I.1,Tziovas T.2,Triantafyllopoulos G.2,Kousias N.1,Haedrich L.3,4,Stahl U.3,4,Ntziachristos V.3,4,Ntziachristos,L.1(1)Aristotle

2、University of Thessaloniki,Department of Mechanical Engineering(2)EMISIA SA(3)Technical University of Munich,School of Medicine,Chair of Biological Imaging(4)Helmholtz Zentrum Mnchen(GmbH),Institute of Biological and Medical ImagingPresenting author email:raptisimauth.grPresenting author email:rapti

3、simauth.gr15/03/2024 Evaluation of a miniaturized exhaust emission measuring system for L-Category Vehicle Measurements in Real-World Driving ConditionsObjective Evaluate the performance of a miniaturized exhaust emissions measurement system in lab with reference instruments Assess its applicability

4、 for real-world emissions testing2Background L-Vehicle emissions3 PEMS devices are being used for type approval of light duty vehicles but are impossible to implement for most L-vehicles due to size and weight limitations Currently,legislation for L-vehicles is less strict than that of passenger car

5、s,mainly due to lack of standardized measurement equipment Although PM emissions were introduced in the Euro 4 and became stricter int the Euro 5 regulations for L-vehicles,very few studies have assessed Black Carbon(BC)emissions of L-category vehicles.Studies of real-world emissions are very recent

6、 with the use of miniaturized PEMS devices.Development of such systems is crucial to evaluate the actual contribution of L-vehicles in air-pollution.LENS Project4L-vehicles Emissions and Noise mitigation Solutions(Horizon Europe,started 09/22)LENS website:https:/www.lens-horizoneurope.eu/objectivesD

7、evelop LVs emission&noise measurement techniquesIn-field identification of tampered LVsCharacterisenoise&pollutant emissions performance of LVsReal Time Emissions Measurement System(ReTEMS)5 Custom sampling system with heated line and stable flows Commercial ambient gas sensors Novel Optoacoustic Se

8、nsor for Black Carbon RH and T measurementDetection PollutantTechnology UsedMeasurement RangeT0-90(s)Resolution(ppm)CO2NDIR0-20%2-370COElectrochemical0-5000 ppm20-300.5NOBCElectrochemicalOptoacoustic0-500 ppm5-10000 g/m35-1010.35(g/m3)Novel Optoacoustic Black Carbon sensor-RSENSE6Current versionPote

9、ntialWeight4 kg2 kgDimensions33 x 22 x 12 cm20 x 20 x 10 cmCost4k 1.5k QTF Optoacoustic principle 808 nm LD for BC detection Ellipsoid chamber for sound refocusing QTF for highly sensitive sound detectionSampling systemCustom heated line at 70 oCMFCs for flow stabilization and dilution control(exhau

10、st pulsations)Dilution ratio is 10:1Dilution ratio setting using the CO2 sensor and a reference CO2 span gas7ReTEMS Experimental Layout8Ambient AirGas SensorsBC SensorDryerHeated LineHEPA filterDiaphragm pumpExhaustMFCMFCVehicle and test specifications9Standard RDE trip in ThessalonikiChassis dyno s

11、etupVehicle characteristics:150 cc/gasoline/4-strokeTest cycles:WMTC/RDC/RDEReference instruments:/CO2 Sensor Evaluation10CO Sensor Evaluation 11NO Sensor Evaluation12BC Sensor Evaluation13 Strong linear correlation with the MSS Sensitive dynamic response for“peaks”detectionEmissions characterizatio

12、n14Conclusions and next stepsGood correlation of ReTEMS system with reference instruments in the labSufficient dynamic response for“peak events”Possibility for tampering detectionSuitability for real-world measurements15LENS campaign until 09/2024 with various L-vehiclesComparison and correlation of

13、 on-road and in-lab emissionsEmission factors for different L-vehiclesThank you for your attention!Contact:raptisimauth.grAcknowledgmentsThis research has been financed by the European Unions Horizon Europe research andinnovation programmes under grant agreement No.101056777(LENS)and grant agreementNo.862811(RSENSE)16Backup slide Exhaust flow calculation17Exhaust flow calculation using MAP and RPM data from the OBDVE calculated by perfoming steady state operation points on the chassis dyno and the CVS