地緣緊張局勢持續全球油氣價格高位震蕩-220620(54頁).pdf

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地緣緊張局勢持續全球油氣價格高位震蕩-220620(54頁).pdf

1、地緣緊張局勢持續,全球油氣價格高位震蕩地緣緊張局勢持續,全球油氣價格高位震蕩Geopolitical Tensions Persist, Global Oil and Gas Prices Fluctuate and Remain High朱軍軍朱軍軍 Junjun Zhu 胡歆胡歆 Xin Hu 2022年年6月月20日日本研究報告由海通國際分銷,海通國際是由海通國際研究有限公司,海通證券印度私人有限公司,海通國際株式會社和海通國際證券集團其他各成員單位的證券研究團隊所組成的全球品牌,海通國際證券集團各成員分別在其許可的司法管轄區內從事證券活動。關于海通國際的分析師證明,重要披露聲明和免責聲

2、明,請參閱附錄。(Pleasesee appendix for English translation of the disclaimer)Equity Asia Research2主要內容主要內容For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the latest full report on our website at 1.俄烏緊張局勢持續,全球油氣價格高位震蕩俄烏緊張局勢持續,全球油氣價格高位

3、震蕩原油:歐美對俄禁運,油價維持高位震蕩成品油:海外裂解價差高位天然氣:歐美套利驅動全球價格上漲2. 投資建議投資建議關注受益油氣價格上漲的上游資源及油服板塊;關注低估值、邊際改善的民營煉化、化纖板塊。3. 風險提示風險提示3For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the latest full report on our website at 原油:歐美對俄禁運,油價維持高位震蕩原油:歐美對

4、俄禁運,油價維持高位震蕩全球原油庫存近五年底部;全球原油庫存近五年底部;俄烏緊張局勢持續,歐洲對俄石油禁運;俄烏緊張局勢持續,歐洲對俄石油禁運;短期其他供給增量有限;短期其他供給增量有限;需求基本恢復至疫情前水平。需求基本恢復至疫情前水平。4俄烏緊張局勢持續,國際油價高位震蕩俄烏緊張局勢持續,國際油價高位震蕩For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the latest full report

5、on our website at 2020年下半年以來,在需求改善、年下半年以來,在需求改善、OPEC+減產的推動下,全球原油庫存降至近五年底部區域。低庫存環境下,減產的推動下,全球原油庫存降至近五年底部區域。低庫存環境下,2022年以來俄烏緊張局勢持續,國際油價大幅上漲,目前維持年以來俄烏緊張局勢持續,國際油價大幅上漲,目前維持100美元美元/桶以上高位震蕩。桶以上高位震蕩。資料來源:資料來源:OPEC月報,海通國際月報,海通國際圖圖 OECD原油庫存(百萬桶)原油庫存(百萬桶)圖圖 布倫特原油價格(美元布倫特原油價格(美元/桶)桶)資料來源:資料來源:Wind,海通國際,海通國際0204

6、060801001201401200125013001350140014501500155016001650Jan Feb Mar Apr May JunJul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec五年區間五年區間五年均值五年均值202120225供給供給-俄羅斯:俄烏沖突下,歐美對俄禁運俄羅斯:俄烏沖突下,歐美對俄禁運For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the latest full

7、report on our website at 2021年,俄羅斯原油產量年,俄羅斯原油產量5.2億噸億噸/年(近年(近1050萬桶萬桶/天),出口量天),出口量2.3億噸億噸/年(約年(約460萬桶萬桶/天),占全球天),占全球10%以以上。根據上。根據EIA,從出口地區看(,從出口地區看(2020年),出口歐洲占比約年),出口歐洲占比約50%(約(約230萬桶萬桶/天),亞太地區占比天),亞太地區占比42%;從出;從出口主要國家看,中國、德國、荷蘭、波蘭、韓國、白俄羅斯分別占比口主要國家看,中國、德國、荷蘭、波蘭、韓國、白俄羅斯分別占比31%、11%、11%、7%、6%、6%。表表 俄羅

8、斯原油產量及出口量(萬桶俄羅斯原油產量及出口量(萬桶/天)天)資料來源:資料來源:Wind,EIA,海通國際,海通國際表表 2020年俄羅斯原油主要出口國家(或地區)年俄羅斯原油主要出口國家(或地區)1046 1053 1067 1095 1093 1112 1121 1026 1047 020040060080010001200201320142015201620172018201920202021產量產量出口出口6供給供給-俄羅斯:俄烏沖突下,歐美對俄禁運俄羅斯:俄烏沖突下,歐美對俄禁運For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologie

9、s and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the latest full report on our website at 歐美禁運歐美禁運。(1)美國:美國:3月8日,拜登正式簽署禁止從俄羅斯進口能源的行政令。(2)歐盟歐盟:6月3日,歐盟通過第六輪對俄制裁,決定六個月內停止購買俄羅斯海運原油,八個月內停止購買俄羅斯石油產品,并禁止歐盟公司為俄羅斯石油船運提供保險和再保險,高度依賴管道運輸俄羅斯原油的國家暫被豁免。此外,根據央視新聞援引環球時報報道,波蘭和德國表示在今年年底之前也將停止使用俄羅斯

10、管輸原油。根據歐盟文件,此次制裁覆蓋歐盟現階段進口俄羅斯石油的90%。影響分析影響分析。俄羅斯原油出口85%以上通過國家石油管道運輸公司進行,其中外輸歐洲的管道主要為Druzhba管道。根據Transneft官網,2021年其通過Druzhba管道出口原油3590萬噸(約72萬桶/天,占出口歐洲近1/3),其中通往德國、波蘭、捷克、斯洛伐克、匈牙利分別為31/17/7/10/7萬桶/天。若德國、波蘭在今年底也停止俄羅斯管道原油出口,我們預計此次禁運將影響俄羅斯原油出口超過200萬桶/天。表表 俄羅斯國家石油管道運輸公司(俄羅斯國家石油管道運輸公司(Transneft)2021年出口流向年出口流

11、向資料來源:資料來源:Bloomberg,海通國際,海通國際百萬噸百萬噸萬桶萬桶/天天transneft出口出口合計合計201.84041.1獨聯體國家獨聯體國家11.723白俄羅斯10.721哈薩克斯坦1.021.2非獨聯體國家非獨聯體國家190.13801.2.1通過港口通過港口114.3229Novorossiysk19.739Primorsk36.373Kozmino35.170Ust-Luga23.2461.2.2通過跨國管道通過跨國管道75.91521.2.2.1通過通過Druzhba管道管道35.972德國15.531波蘭8.417捷克3.47斯洛伐克5.210匈牙利3.471.

12、2.2.2到中國到中國40.080俄羅斯-哈薩克斯坦邊境(中哈管道)10.020中俄邊境(黑龍江)(中俄管道)30.0607潛在增量供給有限潛在增量供給有限OPEC+減產國:維持小幅增產減產國:維持小幅增產For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the latest full report on our website at 從剩余產能看,從剩余產能看,OPEC+合計剩余產能約合計剩余產能約6

13、91萬桶萬桶/天,除去俄羅斯以及被制裁的伊朗外,剩余產能約天,除去俄羅斯以及被制裁的伊朗外,剩余產能約455萬桶萬桶/天,且集中在沙特(天,且集中在沙特(189萬桶萬桶/天)、阿聯酋(天)、阿聯酋(111萬桶萬桶/天)、伊拉克(天)、伊拉克(42萬桶萬桶/天)等國家。天)等國家。2021年年8月起,月起,OPEC+維持每月小幅增產維持每月小幅增產40-43.2萬桶萬桶/天的決議。最新一次會議,天的決議。最新一次會議,OPEC+決定將決定將2022年年9月增產提前至月增產提前至7-8月,月,2022年年7月協議產量環比增加月協議產量環比增加64.8萬桶萬桶/天。若不考慮俄羅斯,其他國家協議產量環

14、比增加天。若不考慮俄羅斯,其他國家協議產量環比增加47.8萬桶萬桶/天。天。從實際執行情況看,從實際執行情況看,OPEC+減產國實際產量遠低于協議量,減產國實際產量遠低于協議量,4月實際產量低于協議產量月實際產量低于協議產量277萬桶萬桶/天,產量不足主要來自于俄羅斯、尼日利亞、安哥拉等國家。天,產量不足主要來自于俄羅斯、尼日利亞、安哥拉等國家。圖圖OPEC+減產執行情況(萬桶減產執行情況(萬桶/日)日)資料來源:國際能源署(資料來源:國際能源署(IEA),),OPEC,海通國際,海通國際表表 OPEC+剩余產能(千桶剩余產能(千桶/日)日)OPEC國家國家可持續可持續產能產能2022年年4月

15、月產量產量剩余剩余產能產能非非OPEC國家國家可持續可持續產能產能2022年年4月月產量產量剩余剩余產能產能阿爾及利亞100010010阿塞拜疆60058020安哥拉115011600哈薩克斯坦16901410280剛果29026525墨西哥1690164050赤道幾內亞1109416阿曼87084030加蓬2001946俄羅斯1023091001130伊拉克48204405415馬來西亞94089050科威特27902662128巴林尼日利亞15201322198文萊沙特阿拉伯12240103461894蘇丹阿聯酋412030151105南蘇丹伊朗380025641236委內瑞拉750707

16、43利比亞1200913287OPEC總計總計33990286485342非非OPEC總計總計16020144501570OPEC+合計合計5001043098691230003200340036003800400042004400實際產量協議產量8潛在增量供給有限潛在增量供給有限伊朗:短期影響有限伊朗:短期影響有限For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the latest full rep

17、ort on our website at 資料來源:資料來源:Bloomberg,Wind,海通國際,海通國際2018年美國制裁伊朗后,伊朗原油產量從年美國制裁伊朗后,伊朗原油產量從382萬桶萬桶/天降至最低天降至最低200萬桶萬桶/天左右,出口從天左右,出口從240萬桶萬桶/天降至目前天降至目前10-20萬桶萬桶/天。目前,美伊核協議談判進展緩慢,我們認為即使談判達成,伊朗原油完全回到原油市場仍需天。目前,美伊核協議談判進展緩慢,我們認為即使談判達成,伊朗原油完全回到原油市場仍需時間,短期影響有限。參考上一次美國取消對伊制裁后(時間,短期影響有限。參考上一次美國取消對伊制裁后(2015年年

18、7月),伊朗原油產量經過一年半時間從月),伊朗原油產量經過一年半時間從285萬桶萬桶/天提升至天提升至378萬桶萬桶/天(增長近天(增長近100萬桶萬桶/天)。天)。圖圖 2010年至今伊朗原油產量及出口(萬桶年至今伊朗原油產量及出口(萬桶/日)日)0100200300400500產量產量出口出口9潛在增量供給有限潛在增量供給有限美國:強調資本支出紀律,謹慎增產美國:強調資本支出紀律,謹慎增產For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stoc

19、ks, please refer to the latest full report on our website at 美國頁巖油企業現多強調資本支出紀律,優先償債與股東回報,增產相對謹慎。根據我們統計的美國頁巖油企業現多強調資本支出紀律,優先償債與股東回報,增產相對謹慎。根據我們統計的8家主要頁巖家主要頁巖油氣生產企業計劃(油氣生產企業計劃(EOG、康菲、西方石油、先鋒自然資源、戴文能源、大陸能源、康菲、西方石油、先鋒自然資源、戴文能源、大陸能源、HESS、響尾蛇能源),、響尾蛇能源),2022年計劃總產量同比增速年計劃總產量同比增速4%-8%。 OPEC、EIA預計預計2022年美國原油

20、產量年美國原油產量1190-1204萬桶萬桶/天,同比增長天,同比增長70-85萬萬桶桶/天。天。表表 美國主要頁巖油企業產量美國主要頁巖油企業產量資料來源:資料來源:各公司官網、各公司官網、2019-2021年報等,年報等,EIA,貝克休斯,海通國際,貝克休斯,海通國際頁巖油企業頁巖油企業油氣總產量(千桶油當量油氣總產量(千桶油當量/天)天)2019202020212022E2022E同比同比康菲石油1348 1127 1567 176012%EOG能源818 754 829 858-9344%-13%西方石油1029 1347 1183 1140-1170-4%-1%先鋒自然資源346 3

21、67 617 623-6481%-5%戴文能源326 334 573 570-6000%-5%大陸能源340 301 330 383-41016%-24%HESS311 332 315 325-3303%-5%響尾蛇能源283 301 375 369-376-2%0%合計合計4801 4864 5789 6029-62284%-8%圖圖 美國鉆機及原油產量美國鉆機及原油產量0500100015002000250002000400060008000100001200014000Jan-10Jan-11Jan-12Jan-13Jan-14Jan-15Jan-16Jan-17Jan-18Jan-19

22、Jan-20Jan-21Jan-22原油產量(千桶原油產量(千桶/天,左軸)天,左軸)總鉆機數(部,右軸)總鉆機數(部,右軸)10潛在增量供給有限潛在增量供給有限IEA釋放儲備計劃:短期擾動釋放儲備計劃:短期擾動For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the latest full report on our website at 2022年年3月月31日,美國宣布將在未來日,美國宣布將在未來

23、6個月釋放個月釋放100萬桶萬桶/天戰略原油儲備(合計約天戰略原油儲備(合計約1.8億桶),創有史以來最億桶),創有史以來最大規模。大規模。4月,國際能源署(月,國際能源署(IEA)宣布在未來六個月釋放)宣布在未來六個月釋放1.2億桶庫存,其中美國億桶庫存,其中美國0.6億桶(包含在此前宣布億桶(包含在此前宣布的的100萬桶萬桶/天計劃中)。天計劃中)。IEA聯合行動加上美國的承諾,未來六個月全球原油庫存合計釋放聯合行動加上美國的承諾,未來六個月全球原油庫存合計釋放2.4億桶(約億桶(約133萬萬桶桶/天)。天)。資料來源:資料來源:IEA,海通國際,海通國際表表 國際能源署(國際能源署(IE

24、A)1.2億桶原油儲備釋放計劃各國明細(千桶)億桶原油儲備釋放計劃各國明細(千桶)605591500072306480 60475000 4408 4000306022981608 1600624 531 483 451 369 1807401000020000300004000050000600007000011For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the latest full repo

25、rt on our website at 潛在增量供給有限潛在增量供給有限IEA釋放儲備計劃:短期擾動釋放儲備計劃:短期擾動我們認為我們認為IEA釋放戰略儲備為短期擾動因素,釋放戰略儲備能一定程度緩解油價上行的壓力,但目前全球原釋放戰略儲備為短期擾動因素,釋放戰略儲備能一定程度緩解油價上行的壓力,但目前全球原油庫存低位,戰略儲備釋放后,全球原油庫存將降至更低水平。以美國為例,截至油庫存低位,戰略儲備釋放后,全球原油庫存將降至更低水平。以美國為例,截至5月月27日,美國原油戰略日,美國原油戰略儲備儲備5.3億桶,若億桶,若1.8億桶戰略儲備釋放完成后,美國原油戰略儲備將降至億桶戰略儲備釋放完成后

26、,美國原油戰略儲備將降至1985年以來最低水平。年以來最低水平。資料來源:資料來源:EIA,海通國際,海通國際表表 美國原油商業庫存及戰略庫存(百萬桶)美國原油商業庫存及戰略庫存(百萬桶)0100200300400500600700800Aug-82Aug-85Aug-88Aug-91Aug-94Aug-97Aug-00Aug-03Aug-06Aug-09Aug-12Aug-15Aug-18Aug-21商業庫存商業庫存戰略儲備戰略儲備12需求:逐步改善需求:逐步改善For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target

27、price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the latest full report on our website at 全球原油需求整體處在后疫情時代的逐步恢復過程中,目前已基本恢復至疫情前水平(約全球原油需求整體處在后疫情時代的逐步恢復過程中,目前已基本恢復至疫情前水平(約1億桶億桶/天),我們天),我們預計后續將繼續改善。預計后續將繼續改善。資料來源:資料來源:EIA、OPEC,海通國際,海通國際表表 OPEC、EIA全球原油需求同比增速預測(百萬桶全球原油需求同比增速預測(百萬桶/天)天)20191Q212Q21

28、3Q214Q211Q222Q223Q224Q22OPEC99.6694.0595.6097.66100.3099.2898.44100.74102.64EIA100.8694.2396.2998.35100.4498.8798.77100.12100.7313For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the latest full report on our website at 油價支撐因素:

29、油價支撐因素:庫存低位;庫存低位;地緣緊張局勢持續;地緣緊張局勢持續;OPEC+維持小幅減產。維持小幅減產。油價壓力因素:油價壓力因素:IEA釋放儲備;釋放儲備;油價繼續上漲對需求的抑制;油價繼續上漲對需求的抑制;頁巖油產量。頁巖油產量。原油庫存低位,俄烏緊張局勢,油價高位震蕩。原油庫存低位,俄烏緊張局勢,油價高位震蕩。小結小結14For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the latest

30、full report on our website at 歐洲對俄石油產品禁運;歐洲對俄石油產品禁運;美國出口增加,我國成品油出口減少;美國出口增加,我國成品油出口減少;供需緊張,海外成品油庫存低位;供需緊張,海外成品油庫存低位;海外成品油裂解價差大幅上漲;海外成品油裂解價差大幅上漲;成品油裂解價差擴大,帶動成品油裂解價差擴大,帶動PX價格、價差大幅上漲。價格、價差大幅上漲。成品油:海外裂解價差高位成品油:海外裂解價差高位15歐盟對俄禁運,全球成品油供需緊張歐盟對俄禁運,全球成品油供需緊張For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologie

31、s and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the latest full report on our website at 資料來源:資料來源:BP能源統計,海通國際能源統計,海通國際圖圖 歐洲石油產品進口來源(歐洲石油產品進口來源(2020年)年)圖圖 俄羅斯石油產品出口流向(俄羅斯石油產品出口流向(2020年)年)根據根據BP能源統計,能源統計,2020年俄羅斯出口石油產品總量年俄羅斯出口石油產品總量1.07億噸(約億噸(約214萬桶萬桶/天);其中,出口歐洲地區天);其中,出口歐洲地區574

32、6萬噸(約萬噸(約115萬桶萬桶/天),占俄羅斯出口總量天),占俄羅斯出口總量54%,占歐洲石油產品進口總量,占歐洲石油產品進口總量39%。6月月3日,歐盟決定八個月日,歐盟決定八個月內停止購買俄羅斯石油產品。內停止購買俄羅斯石油產品。俄羅斯俄羅斯39%其他獨聯體國家其他獨聯體國家5%美國美國17%其他北美其他北美1%沙特沙特8%阿聯酋阿聯酋3%其他中東其他中東5%印度印度4%中國中國2%其他亞太地區其他亞太地區4%北非北非9%其他非洲其他非洲1%中南美中南美2%獨聯體國家獨聯體國家44%北美地區北美地區17%中東地區中東地區16%亞太地區亞太地區11%非洲非洲10%中南美中南美2%歐洲歐洲5

33、4%美國美國21%加拿大加拿大0%新加坡新加坡3%中國中國3%印度印度1%日本日本1%其他亞太國家其他亞太國家9%非洲非洲3%中東中東3%中南美中南美1%其他獨聯體國家其他獨聯體國家1%歐洲歐洲54%北美北美21%亞太亞太18%其他其他7%16美國成品油出口增加美國成品油出口增加For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the latest full report on our website

34、at 3月以來,美國成品油出口增加,截至月以來,美國成品油出口增加,截至6月月3日當周,汽油出口日當周,汽油出口96萬桶萬桶/天,柴油出口天,柴油出口120萬桶萬桶/天,分別較年初天,分別較年初增加增加43萬桶萬桶/天(天(+82%)、)、31萬桶萬桶/天(天(+35%),均處于近五年較高水平。),均處于近五年較高水平。資料來源:資料來源:EIA,海通國際,海通國際圖圖 美國汽油出口(千桶美國汽油出口(千桶/天)天)圖圖 美國柴油出口(千桶美國柴油出口(千桶/天)天)0200400600800100012001400Jan Feb Mar Apr May JunJulAug Sep Oct N

35、ov Dec2017-2021區間2017-2021均值202120220500100015002000Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec2017-2021區間2017-2021均值2021202217我國成品油出口配額減少我國成品油出口配額減少For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the latest full report on

36、 our website at 2021年以來年以來,受雙碳等因素影響受雙碳等因素影響,我國成品油出口配額下降我國成品油出口配額下降,2020-2021年分別下發成品油出口配額年分別下發成品油出口配額5903萬噸萬噸、3761萬噸萬噸。2022年年,我國成品油出口配額累計下發我國成品油出口配額累計下發1750萬噸萬噸(截至截至6月月10日日)。受配額減少影響受配額減少影響,2022年年1-4月月,我國成品油累計出口我國成品油累計出口860萬噸萬噸,同比下降同比下降52%;其中;其中,汽油出口汽油出口402萬噸萬噸(-39%)、柴油出口柴油出口162萬噸萬噸(-82%)、煤油出口煤油出口296萬

37、噸萬噸(+31%)。資料來源:隆眾資訊,資料來源:隆眾資訊,Wind,海通國際,海通國際表表 我國成品油出口配額(萬噸)我國成品油出口配額(萬噸)圖圖 我國成品油月度出口(萬噸)我國成品油月度出口(萬噸)出口主體出口主體2020年年2021年年2022年年(截至(截至6月月10日)日)中石油2048 1263 574 中石化2643 1473 671 中海油541 355 160 中化551 343 192 中航油15 7 4 浙石化100 290 134 中國兵器5 30 15 合計合計5903 3761 1750 0100200300400500600700Jan-17Jan-18Jan-

38、19Jan-20Jan-21Jan-22汽油柴油煤油18海外成品油庫存低位海外成品油庫存低位歐洲歐洲For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the latest full report on our website at 資料來源:資料來源:Bloomberg,海通國際,海通國際圖圖 西北歐西北歐ARA汽油庫存(千噸)汽油庫存(千噸)圖圖 西北歐西北歐ARA柴油庫存(千噸)柴油庫存(千噸)根據

39、根據BP能源統計,歐洲油品消費結構中,能源統計,歐洲油品消費結構中,40%-50%為柴油。為柴油。IEA數據顯示,數據顯示,2021年歐盟自俄羅斯進口成品油中年歐盟自俄羅斯進口成品油中42%為柴油,俄烏沖突下柴油庫存緊張。截至為柴油,俄烏沖突下柴油庫存緊張。截至6月月2日,西北歐柴油庫存約日,西北歐柴油庫存約150萬噸,處于近五年底部;航煤庫萬噸,處于近五年底部;航煤庫存從存從4月中旬開始回落。月中旬開始回落。圖圖 西北歐西北歐ARA航煤庫存(千噸)航煤庫存(千噸)4006008001000120014001600JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec2017

40、-2021區間2017-2021均值20212022100015002000250030003500JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec2017-2021區間2017-2021均值202120220200400600800100012001400JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec2017-2021區間2017-2021均值2021202219海外成品油庫存低位海外成品油庫存低位美國美國For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target pric

41、e formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the latest full report on our website at 資料來源:資料來源:EIA,海通國際,海通國際圖圖 美國汽油庫存(百萬桶)美國汽油庫存(百萬桶)圖圖 美國餾分油(柴油)庫存(百萬美國餾分油(柴油)庫存(百萬桶)桶)3月以來,美國汽油、柴油出口增加,疊加近期夏季出行高峰來臨,美國成品油汽油、柴油庫存下降,目前月以來,美國汽油、柴油出口增加,疊加近期夏季出行高峰來臨,美國成品油汽油、柴油庫存下降,目前均在近五年底部區域。均在近五年底部區域。圖圖 美國航煤庫存(

42、百萬桶)美國航煤庫存(百萬桶)200210220230240250260270JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec2017-2021區間2017-2021均值20212022100110120130140150160170180190Jan FebMarAprMayJun Jul AugSepOctNovDec2017-2021區間2017-2021均值202120223032343638404244464850JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec2017-2021區間2017-2021均值2021202220供需緊張,海

43、外成品油裂解價差擴大供需緊張,海外成品油裂解價差擴大For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the latest full report on our website at 2022年以來,海外成品油裂解價差大幅提升。截至年以來,海外成品油裂解價差大幅提升。截至6月月8日,東南亞(以新加坡為例)、歐洲、美國日,東南亞(以新加坡為例)、歐洲、美國6月柴油裂月柴油裂解價差分別為解價差分別為51.3

44、/50.2/61.7美元美元/桶,汽油裂解價差分別為桶,汽油裂解價差分別為33.6/44.6/57.1美元美元/桶,而桶,而2019年成品油裂解價差年成品油裂解價差平均在平均在10-20美元美元/桶。桶。圖圖 東南亞成品油裂解價差東南亞成品油裂解價差(美元(美元/桶,以新加坡為例)桶,以新加坡為例)圖圖 美國成品油裂解價差(美元美國成品油裂解價差(美元/桶)桶)圖圖 歐洲成品油裂解價差(美元歐洲成品油裂解價差(美元/桶)桶)-100102030405060新加坡汽油價差新加坡柴油價差-20020406080100120140美國汽油價差美國柴油價差-20-100102030405060歐洲汽油

45、價差歐洲柴油價差資料來源:資料來源:Wind,Bloomberg,海通國際,海通國際21海外成品油裂解價差擴大,帶動海外成品油裂解價差擴大,帶動PX價格、價差大幅上漲價格、價差大幅上漲For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the latest full report on our website at 資料來源:資料來源:Wind,海通國際,海通國際圖圖 PX價格、價差(美元價格、價差(美元

46、/噸)噸)PX可用于調油,由于海外成品油裂解價差高位,美國調油需求旺盛,當地芳烴裝置負荷降低,同時疊加日韓可用于調油,由于海外成品油裂解價差高位,美國調油需求旺盛,當地芳烴裝置負荷降低,同時疊加日韓裝置檢修,全球裝置檢修,全球PX價格大幅上漲。截至價格大幅上漲。截至6月月8日,美國、歐洲日,美國、歐洲PX價格分別為價格分別為1853美元美元/噸、噸、1783美元美元/噸,均創噸,均創2012年以來新高;年以來新高;CFR中國價格中國價格1514美元美元/噸,較年初上漲噸,較年初上漲620美元美元/噸(噸(+69%),價差),價差697美元美元/噸,較年初上噸,較年初上漲漲555美元美元/噸(噸

47、(+393%),價差接近),價差接近2012年以來高點。年以來高點。0200400600800100012001400160018002000Jan-12Jan-13Jan-14Jan-15Jan-16Jan-17Jan-18Jan-19Jan-20Jan-21Jan-22PX國內價差國內價差PX價格:歐洲價格:歐洲PX價格:美國價格:美國PX價格:價格:CFR中國中國22For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please

48、 refer to the latest full report on our website at 天然氣:歐美套利驅動全球價格上漲天然氣:歐美套利驅動全球價格上漲23俄羅斯是歐洲天然氣重要來源俄羅斯是歐洲天然氣重要來源For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the latest full report on our website at 2021年俄羅斯向歐盟及英國出口天然氣年俄羅斯向歐盟

49、及英國出口天然氣1580億立方米,占總需求的億立方米,占總需求的32%。向全歐出口管道氣。向全歐出口管道氣1680億立方米,億立方米,占總需求的占總需求的33%。資料來源:資料來源:IEA,海通國際,海通國際圖圖 歐盟及英國天然氣需求來源歐盟及英國天然氣需求來源圖圖 全歐天然氣需求全歐天然氣需求33%來自俄羅斯來自俄羅斯資料來源:資料來源:NGI,海通國際,海通國際26%25%29%37%32%0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%40%010002000300040005000600020012009201420192021自產(億立方米)俄羅斯(億立方米)其他地區(億立方米)俄羅斯占

50、比(%,右軸)12%9%8%10%9%11%12%18%21%20%28%33%32%34%36%37%38%36%33%33%0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%40%2012201320142015201620172018201920202021LNG俄羅斯管道氣24荷蘭、德國、意大利等是俄氣主要進口國荷蘭、德國、意大利等是俄氣主要進口國For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to th

51、e latest full report on our website at 2020年,荷蘭、德國、意大利、土耳其、法國對俄羅斯管道氣進口均在年,荷蘭、德國、意大利、土耳其、法國對俄羅斯管道氣進口均在100億方以上。億方以上。表表 歐洲各國對俄羅斯管道氣進口量(億方)歐洲各國對俄羅斯管道氣進口量(億方)國家國家20102011201220132014201520162017201820192020荷蘭荷蘭434529294784275174214163481德國德國353341340410403474579671657449416意大利意大利1311711512532172442472372

52、26220209土耳其土耳其180260270267273270248290240154164法國法國8985828676105125133133130140波蘭波蘭1181031311299189111105999797英國英國10712911716615522525729134259089匈牙利匈牙利69635360546057707310586斯洛伐克斯洛伐克5859435544383745506576捷克捷克90828379893138262240希臘希臘2129252617202729332531保加利亞保加利亞2325252928313233322423丹麥丹麥3347171817

53、1718克羅地亞克羅地亞110266828282818芬蘭芬蘭4842373531282524262516塞爾維亞塞爾維亞2121192015191922222214比利時比利時5152527281313羅馬尼亞羅馬尼亞26322514531714151110西班牙西班牙2158斯洛文尼亞斯洛文尼亞55554556534瑞士瑞士33343334634北馬其頓北馬其頓11101123223波黑波黑23322222222愛爾蘭愛爾蘭35221131資料來源:資料來源:gazprom官網,海通國際官網,海通國際25德國、意大利等對俄氣依賴度較高德國、意大利等對俄氣依賴度較高For full disc

54、losure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the latest full report on our website at 根據根據ACCESSPATH援引援引STATISTA,北馬其頓、波黑、摩爾多瓦等國完全依賴俄羅斯天然氣,德國、意大利、波,北馬其頓、波黑、摩爾多瓦等國完全依賴俄羅斯天然氣,德國、意大利、波蘭等國對俄氣依賴度達到蘭等國對俄氣依賴度達到40%以上。以上。資料來源:資料來源:ACCESSPATH援引援引S

55、TATISTA,海通國際,海通國際圖圖 歐洲各國對俄羅斯天然氣依賴度歐洲各國對俄羅斯天然氣依賴度100%100%100%94%93%77%49%46%40%24%11%10%6%0%0%0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%北馬其頓波黑摩爾多瓦芬蘭拉脫維亞保加利亞德國意大利波蘭法國荷蘭羅馬尼亞格魯吉亞 愛爾蘭烏克蘭26俄烏沖突下,俄對歐天然氣出口減少俄烏沖突下,俄對歐天然氣出口減少For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI ra

56、ted stocks, please refer to the latest full report on our website at 俄烏沖突爆發后,俄羅斯主要天然氣生產商俄烏沖突爆發后,俄羅斯主要天然氣生產商Gazprom 5月天然氣產量比月天然氣產量比3月降低月降低96億方,億方,5月天然氣出口量(除月天然氣出口量(除獨聯體外)比獨聯體外)比3月降低月降低44億方。億方。資料來源:資料來源:gazprom官網,海通國際官網,海通國際圖圖 gazprom天然氣產量和出口下降(億方)天然氣產量和出口下降(億方) - 100 200 300 400 5001月2月3月4月5月2021產量20

57、22產量2021供應國內2022供應國內2021出口(獨聯體之外)2022出口(獨聯體之外)圖圖 預計預計gazprom出口將減少(億方)出口將減少(億方)1851146402004006008001000120014001600180020002021出口2022E出口資料來源:資料來源:gazprom官網,海通國際官網,海通國際27歐洲天然氣庫存處于歷史低位歐洲天然氣庫存處于歷史低位For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks,

58、 please refer to the latest full report on our website at 2022年年2月月22日,歐洲天然氣庫存為日,歐洲天然氣庫存為300億方,比五年平均水平低億方,比五年平均水平低28.57%。根據。根據Gazprom統計,截至統計,截至5月月30日,日,歐洲還需向儲氣庫中充入歐洲還需向儲氣庫中充入420億方天然氣,才能達到億方天然氣,才能達到90%庫容水平。庫容水平。資料來源:資料來源:IEA,海通國際,海通國際圖圖 歐洲天然氣庫存水平(億方)歐洲天然氣庫存水平(億方)01002003004005006007008009001000202120

59、22五年平均28增加增加LNG進口是歐洲減少對俄依賴主要途徑進口是歐洲減少對俄依賴主要途徑For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the latest full report on our website at 歐盟計劃在歐盟計劃在2030年前結束對俄羅斯天然氣供應的依賴,增加來自美國、卡塔爾等地的年前結束對俄羅斯天然氣供應的依賴,增加來自美國、卡塔爾等地的LNG進口是減少對俄依進口是減少對俄

60、依賴的主要方法。賴的主要方法。資料來源:能源基金會援引資料來源:能源基金會援引Communication from the EU Commission: REPowerEU: Joint European Action for more affordable, secure and sustainable energy,海通國際,海通國際圖圖 歐對俄天然氣替代方案(億方)歐對俄天然氣替代方案(億方)圖圖 2030年歐盟俄氣替代方案年歐盟俄氣替代方案資料來源:能源基金會援引資料來源:能源基金會援引Communication from the EU Commission: REPowerEU: J

61、oint European Action for more affordable, secure and sustainable energy,海通國際,海通國際可再生能源,45%氫能,9%生物質甲烷,9%LNG,13%其他管道氣,3%能效提升與室溫控制,12%熱泵,9%29美對歐美對歐LNG出口處于高位,國內庫存降低出口處于高位,國內庫存降低For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the l

62、atest full report on our website at 2022年美國對歐洲年美國對歐洲LNG出口持續上升,出口持續上升,2022年年1-3月累計出口月累計出口217.69億立方米,同比上升億立方米,同比上升152.68%,國內庫存低,國內庫存低于于2018-2021年平均值。年平均值。資料來源:資料來源:EIA,海通國際,海通國際圖圖 美國至歐洲美國至歐洲LNG出口(億方)出口(億方)圖圖 美國天然氣庫存(億方)美國天然氣庫存(億方)資料來源:資料來源:Wind,海通國際,海通國際01020304050607080901月2月3月4月5月6月7月8月9月 10月 11月 12

63、月201820192020202120220200400600800100012001月2月3月4月5月6月7月8月9月 10月 11月12月2022年18-21年平均30美歐間套利空間仍然存在,預計對歐出口將保持景氣美歐間套利空間仍然存在,預計對歐出口將保持景氣For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the latest full report on our website at 俄烏沖突后

64、,美、歐之間套利空間擴大,美國對歐洲天然氣出口顯著提升。俄烏沖突后,美、歐之間套利空間擴大,美國對歐洲天然氣出口顯著提升。資料來源:資料來源:Wind,海通國際,海通國際圖圖 各國天然氣價格(美元各國天然氣價格(美元/MMBtu)圖圖 美國對歐洲天然氣出口顯著提升美國對歐洲天然氣出口顯著提升資料來源:資料來源:NGI,海通國際,海通國際05101520020406080亞洲(億立方米)歐洲(億立方米)南美洲(億立方米)加勒比海地區(億立方米)中美洲(億立方米)051015202530354045200720102013201620192022歐洲天然氣美國天然氣日本液化天然氣312022-20

65、24年全球年全球LNG供需將偏緊供需將偏緊For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the latest full report on our website at ENP援引援引RystadEnergy GasMarketCube, Rystad Energy research and analysis,2022年,全球年,全球LNG需求將達需求將達4.36億億噸,超過噸,超過4.1億噸產能。

66、億噸產能。2024年后新產能才會陸續投產年后新產能才會陸續投產.資料來源:資料來源:ENP援引援引RystadEnergy GasMarketCube, RystadEnergy research and analysis,海通國際海通國際圖圖 全球全球LNG供需前景(億噸)供需前景(億噸)圖圖 未來各國未來各國LNG供給占比供給占比資料來源:資料來源:ENP援引援引RystadEnergy GasMarketCube, RystadEnergy research and analysis,海通國際海通國際01234567除俄羅斯以外生產除俄羅斯以外在建歷史需求及預測美國,58%剛果(布),1

67、%莫桑比克,8%卡塔爾,8%阿聯酋,5%加拿大,3%巴布亞新幾內亞,3%墨西哥,13%尼日利亞,1%32For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the latest full report on our website at 投資機會投資機會33投資建議投資建議For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target pr

68、ice formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the latest full report on our website at 上游油氣龍頭:中國海油、中國石油等;上游油氣龍頭:中國海油、中國石油等; LNG接收站龍頭,關注:廣匯能源、新奧股份、九豐能源等;接收站龍頭,關注:廣匯能源、新奧股份、九豐能源等; 油服龍頭,關注:中海油服、杰瑞股份等;油服龍頭,關注:中海油服、杰瑞股份等; 此外,關注低估值、邊際改善的民營煉化、化纖龍頭:新鳳鳴、榮盛石此外,關注低估值、邊際改善的民營煉化、化纖龍頭:新鳳鳴、榮盛石化、東方盛虹、衛星化學、

69、恒力石化、桐昆股份、恒逸石化等?;?、東方盛虹、衛星化學、恒力石化、桐昆股份、恒逸石化等。俄烏緊張局勢持續,全球油氣價格高位震蕩。俄烏緊張局勢持續,全球油氣價格高位震蕩。34重點公司盈利預測及估值重點公司盈利預測及估值For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to the latest full report on our website at 股票代碼股票代碼公司簡稱公司簡稱EPS(元)(元)PE(倍

70、)(倍)20212022E2023E2024E20212022E2023E2024E600938.sh中國海油中國海油1.49 2.33 2.41 2.48 12.52 8.00 7.74 7.52 601857.sh中國石油中國石油0.50 0.60 0.55 0.53 11.66 9.72 10.60 11.00 601808.sh中海油服中海油服0.07 0.63 0.74 0.88 216.43 24.05 20.47 17.22 600803.sh新奧股份新奧股份1.44 1.73 2.00 2.28 13.17 10.96 9.48 8.32 002648.sz衛星化學衛星化學3.

71、49 4.68 5.82 6.71 7.89 5.88 4.73 4.10 603225.sh新鳳鳴新鳳鳴1.47 1.52 2.27 2.65 7.64 7.39 4.95 4.24 002493.sz榮盛石化榮盛石化1.27 1.49 1.67 1.83 12.76 10.88 9.71 8.86 000301.sz東方盛虹東方盛虹0.76 1.10 2.23 2.37 23.49 16.23 8.00 7.53 600346.sh恒力石化恒力石化2.21 2.04 2.46 3.07 10.39 11.26 9.34 7.48 601233.sh桐昆股份桐昆股份3.04 3.21 4.0

72、0 4.77 5.54 5.24 4.21 3.53 000703.sz恒逸石化恒逸石化0.93 0.96 1.13 1.25 12.59 12.20 10.36 9.37 注:注:2022-2024年年EPS為海通國際預測,收盤價為為海通國際預測,收盤價為2022年年6月月17日。日。資料來源:資料來源:Wind,海通國際,海通國際35風險提示風險提示For full disclosure of risks, valuation methodologies and target price formation on all HTI rated stocks, please refer to

73、the latest full report on our website at 原油價格趨勢性回落。原油價格趨勢性回落。石化產品價格、價差下降。石化產品價格、價差下降。投資項目進度低于預期。投資項目進度低于預期。APPENDIX 1SummaryAs the Russia-Ukraine tension continues, global oil and gas prices fluctuate and remain high. In terms of crudeoil, due to the embargo measures taken by Europe and the United S

74、tates against Russia, a low level of crude oilinventories, and the state of small production cuts of OPEC+, global oil prices fluctuate and remain high. Interms of refined oil, the EU embargo on Russia, the global refined oil supply and demand is tight, the export ofrefined oil from the United State

75、s increases, the export quota of refined oil from China decreases. The crackingprice difference of overseas refined oil expands, leading to a sharp rise in PX price and price difference. In termsof natural gas, arbitrage in Europe and the US is driving up global prices.Investment Advice. Under the b

76、ackground of continued tensions between Russia and Ukraine, and global oilprices high and volatile, it is recommended focusing on (1) upstream recourse and oil service leading companies,including CNOOC, PetroChina, China Oilfield Services, Jereh Group, etc.; (2) undervalued private refining andchemi

77、calfiberleadingcompanieswithprofitabilityimproving,includingXinfengming,RongshengPetrochemical, Eastern Shenghong, Satellite Chemical, Hengli Petrochemical, Tongkun Group, HengyiPetrochemical,etc.; (3) LNG terminal leaders, including Guanghui Energy, ENN, Jovo Energy, etc.Risks. Crude oil prices ten

78、d to decline; the price and spread of petrochemical products decrease; the progress ofinvestment projects is lower than expected.36APPENDIX 2重要信息披露重要信息披露本研究報告由海通國際分銷,海通國際是由海通國際研究有限公司(HTIRL),Haitong Securities India Private Limited (HSIPL),Haitong International Japan K.K.(HTIJKK)和海通國際證券有限公司(HTISCL)的證

79、券研究團隊所組成的全球品牌,海通國際證券集團(HTISG)各成員分別在其許可的司法管轄區內從事證券活動。IMPORTANT DISCLOSURESThis research report is distributed by Haitong International, a global brand name for the equity research teams of Haitong International Research Limited (“HTIRL”),Haitong Securities India Private Limited (“HSIPL”), Haitong Int

80、ernational Japan K.K. (“HTIJKK”), Haitong International Securities Company Limited (“HTISCL”), and anyother members within the Haitong International Securities Group of Companies (“HTISG”), each authorized to engage in securities activities in its respectivejurisdiction.HTIRL分析師認證分析師認證Analyst Certif

81、ication:我,朱軍軍 ,在此保證(i)本研究報告中的意見準確反映了我們對本研究中提及的任何或所有目標公司或上市公司的個人觀點,并且(ii)我的報酬中沒有任何部分與本研究報告中表達的具體建議或觀點直接或間接相關;及就此報告中所討論目標公司的證券,我們(包括我們的家屬)在其中均不持有任何財務利益。I, Junjun Zhu, certify that (i) the views expressed in this research report accurately reflect my personal views about any or all of the subjectcompan

82、ies or issuers referred to in this research and (ii) no part of my compensation was, is or will be directly or indirectly related to the specific recommendationsor views expressed in this research report; and that I (including members of my household) have no financial interest in the security or se

83、curities of the subjectcompanies discussed.我,胡歆,在此保證(i)本研究報告中的意見準確反映了我們對本研究中提及的任何或所有目標公司或上市公司的個人觀點,并且(ii)我的報酬中沒有任何部分與本研究報告中表達的具體建議或觀點直接或間接相關;及就此報告中所討論目標公司的證券,我們(包括我們的家屬)在其中均不持有任何財務利益。I, Xin Hu, certify that (i) the views expressed in this research report accurately reflect my personal views about an

84、y or all of the subject companies orissuers referred to in this research and (ii) no part of my compensation was, is or will be directly or indirectly related to the specific recommendations or viewsexpressed in this research report; and that I (including members of my household) have no financial i

85、nterest in the security or securities of the subject companiesdiscussed.37APPENDIX 2利益沖突披露利益沖突披露Conflict of Interest Disclosures海通國際及其某些關聯公司可從事投資銀行業務和/或對本研究中的特定股票或公司進行做市或持有自營頭寸。就本研究報告而言,以下是有關該等關系的披露事項(以下披露不能保證及時無遺漏,如需了解及時全面信息,請發郵件至ERD-D)HTI and some of its affiliates may engage in investment banking

86、 and / or serve as a market maker or hold proprietary trading positions of certain stocks orcompanies in this research report. As far as this research report is concerned, the following are the disclosure matters related to such relationship (As the followingdisclosure does not ensure timeliness and

87、 completeness, please send an email to ERD-D if timely and comprehensive information is needed).海通證券股份有限公司和/或其子公司(統稱“海通”)在過去12個月內參與了600028.CH, 000301.CH and 0386.HK的投資銀行項目。投資銀行項目包括:1、海通擔任上市前輔導機構、保薦人或主承銷商的首次公開發行項目;2、海通作為保薦人、主承銷商或財務顧問的股權或債務再融資項目;3、海通作為主經紀商的新三板上市、目標配售和并購項目。Haitong Securities Co., Ltd.

88、and/or its subsidiaries (collectively, the Haitong) have a role in investment banking projects of 600028.CH, 000301.CH and 0386.HKwithin the past 12 months. The investment banking projects include 1. IPO projects in which Haitong acted as pre-listing tutor, sponsor, or lead-underwriter; 2.equity or

89、debt refinancing projects of 600028.CH, 000301.CH and 0386.HK for which Haitong acted as sponsor, lead-underwriter or financial advisor; 3. listing byintroduction in the new three board, target placement, M&A projects in which Haitong acted as lead-brokerage firm.作為回報,海通擁有603916.CH 及 000096.CH一類普通股證

90、券的1%或以上。The Haitong beneficially owns 1% or more of a class of common equity securities of 603916.CH and 000096.CH.600028.CH, 000301.CH 及 0386.HK目前或過去12個月內是海通的投資銀行業務客戶。600028.CH, 000301.CH and 0386.HK are/were an investment bank clients of Haitong currently or within the past 12 months.38APPENDIX 2中

91、國石化集團江蘇石油勘探局有限公司, 601857.CH, 無錫東方新格環境設計裝飾工程有限公司, 化學工業第三設計院有限公司, 000703.CH, 002408.CH,002221.CH, 0857.HK, 青島能源華潤燃氣有限公司,香港華潤(集團)有限公司上海代表處, 農夫山泉杭州千島湖飲用水有限公司 及農夫山泉浙江千島湖有限公司目前或過去12個月內是海通的客戶。海通向客戶提供非投資銀行業務的證券相關業務服務。中國石化集團江蘇石油勘探局有限公司, 601857.CH, 無錫東方新格環境設計裝飾工程有限公司, 化學工業第三設計院有限公司, 000703.CH, 002408.CH,00222

92、1.CH, 0857.HK, 青島能源華潤燃氣有限公司,香港華潤(集團)有限公司上海代表處, 農夫山泉杭州千島湖飲用水有限公司 and農夫山泉浙江千島湖有限公司 are/were a client of Haitong currently or within the past 12 months. The client has been provided for non-investment-banking securities-related services.海通在過去的12個月中從601857.CH 及 0857.HK獲得除投資銀行服務以外之產品或服務的報酬。Haitong has re

93、ceived compensation in the past 12 months for products or services other than investment banking from 601857.CH and 0857.HK.海通擔任600028.CH, 601857.CH, 601808.CH, 0883.HK, 0857.HK, 0386.HK, 2883.HK, 0384.HK, 2688.HK, 0135.HK 及 9633.HK有關證券的做市商或流通量提供者。Haitong acts as a market maker or liquidity provider

94、 in the securities of 600028.CH, 601857.CH, 601808.CH, 0883.HK, 0857.HK, 0386.HK, 2883.HK, 0384.HK,2688.HK, 0135.HK and 9633.HK.39APPENDIX 2評級定義評級定義(從從2020年年7月月1日開始執行日開始執行):海通國際(以下簡稱“HTI”)采用相對評級系統來為投資者推薦我們覆蓋的公司:優于大市、中性或弱于大市。投資者應仔細閱讀HTI的評級定義。并且HTI發布分析師觀點的完整信息,投資者應仔細閱讀全文而非僅看評級。在任何情況下,分析師的評級和研究都不能作為投資建

95、議。投資者的買賣股票的決策應基于各自情況(比如投資者的現有持倉)以及其他因素。分析師股票評級分析師股票評級優于大市優于大市,未來12-18個月內預期相對基準指數漲幅在10%以上,基準定義如下中性中性,未來12-18個月內預期相對基準指數變化不大,基準定義如下。根據FINRA/NYSE的評級分布規則,我們會將中性評級劃入持有這一類別。弱于大市弱于大市,未來12-18個月內預期相對基準指數跌幅在10%以上,基準定義如下各地股票基準指數:日本各地股票基準指數:日本 TOPIX, 韓國韓國 KOSPI, 臺灣臺灣 TAIEX, 印度印度 Nifty100, 美國美國 SP500; 其他所有中國概念股其

96、他所有中國概念股 MSCI China.Ratings Definitions (from 1 Jul 2020):Haitong International uses a relative rating system using Outperform, Neutral, or Underperform for recommending the stocks we cover to investors. Investors shouldcarefully read the definitions of all ratings used in Haitong International Rese

97、arch. In addition, since Haitong International Research contains more completeinformation concerning the analysts views, investors should carefully read Haitong International Research, in its entirety, and not infer the contents from the ratingalone. In any case, ratings (or research) should not be

98、used or relied upon as investment advice. An investors decision to buy or sell a stock should depend on individualcircumstances (such as the investors existing holdings) and other considerations.Analyst Stock RatingsOutperform:The stocks total return over the next 12-18 months is expected to exceed

99、the return of its relevant broad market benchmark, as indicated below.Neutral: The stocks total return over the next 12-18 months is expected to be in line with the return of its relevant broad market benchmark, as indicated below. Forpurposes only of FINRA/NYSE ratings distribution rules, our Neutr

100、al rating falls into a hold rating category.Underperform:The stocks total return over the next 12-18 months is expected to be below the return of its relevant broad market benchmark, as indicated below.Benchmarks for each stocks listed region are as follows: Japan TOPIX, Korea KOSPI, Taiwan TAIEX, I

101、ndia Nifty100, US SP500; for all other China-conceptstocks MSCI China.40APPENDIX 2評級分布評級分布Rating Distribution41APPENDIX 2截至截至2022年年3月月31日日海通國際股票研究評級分布海通國際股票研究評級分布優于大市優于大市中性中性弱于大市弱于大市(持有持有)海通國際股票研究覆蓋率88.9%9.5%1.6%投資銀行客戶*6.8%5.8%0.0%*在每個評級類別里投資銀行客戶所占的百分比。上述分布中的買入,中性和賣出分別對應我們當前優于大市,中性和落后大市評級。只有根據FINRA/

102、NYSE的評級分布規則,我們才將中性評級劃入持有這一類別。請注意在上表中不包含非評級的股票。此前的評級系統定義此前的評級系統定義(直至直至2020年年6月月30日日):買入買入,未來12-18個月內預期相對基準指數漲幅在10%以上,基準定義如下中性中性,未來12-18個月內預期相對基準指數變化不大,基準定義如下。根據FINRA/NYSE的評級分布規則,我們會將中性評級劃入持有這一類別。賣出賣出,未來12-18個月內預期相對基準指數跌幅在10%以上,基準定義如下各地股票基準指數:日本各地股票基準指數:日本 TOPIX, 韓國韓國 KOSPI, 臺灣臺灣 TAIEX, 印度印度 Nifty100;

103、 其他所有中國概念股其他所有中國概念股 MSCI China.Haitong International Equity Research Ratings Distribution, as of Mar 31, 2022OutperformNeutralUnderperform(hold)HTI Equity Research Coverage88.9%9.5%1.6%IB clients*6.8%5.8%0.0%*Percentage of investment banking clients in each rating category.BUY, Neutral, and SELL in

104、the above distribution correspond to our current ratings of Outperform, Neutral, and Underperform.For purposes only of FINRA/NYSE ratings distribution rules, our Neutral rating falls into a hold rating category. Please note that stocks with an NR designation are notincluded in the table above.Previo

105、us rating system definitions (until 30 Jun 2020):BUY: The stocks total return over the next 12-18 months is expected to exceed the return of its relevant broad market benchmark, as indicated below.NEUTRAL: The stocks total return over the next 12-18 months is expected to be in line with the return o

106、f its relevant broad market benchmark, as indicated below.For purposes only of FINRA/NYSE ratings distribution rules, our Neutral rating falls into a hold rating category.SELL: The stocks total return over the next 12-18 months is expected to be below the return of its relevant broad market benchmar

107、k, as indicated below.Benchmarks for each stocks listed region are as follows: Japan TOPIX, Korea KOSPI, Taiwan TAIEX, India Nifty100; for all other China-concept stocks MSCIChina.42APPENDIX 2海通國際非評級研究:海通國際非評級研究:海通國際發布計量、篩選或短篇報告,并在報告中根據估值和其他指標對股票進行排名,或者基于可能的估值倍數提出建議價格。這種排名或建議價格并非為了進行股票評級、提出目標價格或進行基本

108、面估值,而僅供參考使用。Haitong International Non-Rated Research: Haitong International publishes quantitative, screening or short reports which may rank stocks according to valuation andother metrics or may suggest prices based on possible valuation multiples. Such rankings or suggested prices do not purport t

109、o be stock ratings or target prices orfundamental values and are for information only.海通國際海通國際A股覆蓋股覆蓋:海通國際可能會就滬港通及深港通的中國A股進行覆蓋及評級。海通證券(600837.CH),海通國際于上海的母公司,也會于中國發布中國A股的研究報告。但是,海通國際使用與海通證券不同的評級系統,所以海通國際與海通證券的中國A股評級可能有所不同。Haitong International Coverage of A-Shares: Haitong International may cover an

110、d rate A-Shares that are subject to the Hong Kong Stock Connect scheme withShanghai and Shenzhen. Haitong Securities (HS; 600837 CH), the ultimate parent company of HTISG based in Shanghai, covers and publishes research on these sameA-Shares for distribution in mainland China. However, the rating sy

111、stem employed by HS differs from that used by HTI and as a result there may be a difference in theHTI and HS ratings for the same A-share stocks.海通國際海通國際優質優質100 A股股(Q100)指數指數:海通國際Q100指數是一個包括100支由海通證券覆蓋的優質中國A股的計量產品。這些股票是通過基于質量的篩選過程,并結合對海通證券A股團隊自下而上的研究。海通國際每季對Q100指數成分作出復審。Haitong International Quality

112、 100 A-share (Q100) Index: HTIs Q100 Index is a quant product that consists of 100 of the highest-quality A-shares under coverage atHS in Shanghai. These stocks are carefully selected through a quality-based screening process in combination with a review of the HS A-share teams bottom-upresearch. Th

113、e Q100 constituent companies are reviewed quarterly.43APPENDIX 2MSCI ESG評級免責聲明條款:評級免責聲明條款:盡管海通國際的信息供貨商(包括但不限于MSCI ESG Research LLC及其聯屬公司(ESG方)從其認為可靠的來源獲取信息(信息), ESG方均不擔?;虮WC此處任何數據的原創性,準確性和/或完整性,并明確表示不作出任何明示或默示的擔保,包括可商售性和針對特定目的的適用性。該信息只能供閣下內部使用,不得以任何形式復制或重新傳播,并不得用作任何金融工具、產品或指數的基礎或組成部分。此外,信息本質上不能用于判斷購買

114、或出售何種證券, 或何時購買或出售該證券。即使已被告知可能造成的損害, ESG方均不承擔與此處任何資料有關的任何錯誤或遺漏所引起的任何責任,也不對任何直接、間接、特殊、懲罰性、附帶性或任何其他損害賠償(包括利潤損失)承擔任何責任。MSCI ESG Disclaimer: Although Haitong Internationals information providers, including without limitation, MSCI ESG Research LLC and its affiliates (the “ESGParties”), obtain information

115、 (the “Information”) from sources they consider reliable, none of the ESG Parties warrants or guarantees the originality, accuracy and/orcompleteness, of any data herein and expressly disclaim all express or implied warranties, including those of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.

116、 TheInformation may only be used for your internal use, may not be reproduced or redisseminated in any form and may not be used as a basis for, or a component of, anyfinancial instruments or products or indices. Further, none of the Information can in and of itself be used to determine which securit

117、ies to buy or sell or when to buyor sell them. None of the ESG Parties shall have any liability for any errors or omissions in connection with any data herein, or any liability for any direct, indirect,special, punitive, consequential or any other damages (including lost profits) even if notified of

118、 the possibility of such damages.44APPENDIX 2盟浪義利盟浪義利(FIN-ESG)數據通免責聲明條款:數據通免責聲明條款:在使用盟浪義利(FIN-ESG)數據之前,請務必仔細閱讀本條款并同意本聲明:第一條 義利(FIN-ESG)數據系由盟浪可持續數字科技有限責任公司(以下簡稱“本公司”)基于合法取得的公開信息評估而成,本公司對信息的準確性及完整性不作任何保證。對公司的評估結果僅供參考,并不構成對任何個人或機構投資建議,也不能作為任何個人或機構購買、出售或持有相關金融產品的依據。本公司不對任何個人或機構投資者因使用本數據表述的評估結果造成的任何直接或間接

119、損失負責。第二條 盟浪并不因收到此評估數據而將收件人視為客戶,收件人使用此數據時應根據自身實際情況作出自我獨立判斷。本數據所載內容反映的是盟浪在最初發布本數據日期當日的判斷,盟浪有權在不發出通知的情況下更新、修訂與發出其他與本數據所載內容不一致或有不同結論的數據。除非另行說明,本數據(如財務業績數據等)僅代表過往表現,過往的業績表現不作為日后回報的預測。第三條 本數據版權歸本公司所有,本公司依法保留各項權利。未經本公司事先書面許可授權,任何個人或機構不得將本數據中的評估結果用于任何營利性目的,不得對本數據進行修改、復制、編譯、匯編、再次編輯、改編、刪減、縮寫、節選、發行、出租、展覽、表演、放映

120、、廣播、信息網絡傳播、攝制、增加圖標及說明等,否則因此給盟浪或其他第三方造成損失的,由用戶承擔相應的賠償責任,盟浪不承擔責任。第四條 如本免責聲明未約定,而盟浪網站平臺載明的其他協議內容(如盟浪網站用戶注冊協議盟浪網用戶服務(含認證)協議盟浪網隱私政策等)有約定的,則按其他協議的約定執行;若本免責聲明與其他協議約定存在沖突或不一致的,則以本免責聲明約定為準。SusallWave FIN-ESG Data Service Disclaimer: Please read these terms and conditions below carefully and confirm your agre

121、ement and acceptance with these termsbefore using SusallWave FIN-ESG Data Service.1. FIN-ESG Data is produced by SusallWave Digital Technology Co., Ltd. (In short, SusallWave)s assessment based on legal publicly accessible information. SusallWaveshall not be responsible for any accuracy and complete

122、ness of the information. The assessment result is for reference only. It is not for any investment advice for anyindividual or institution and not for basis of purchasing, selling or holding any relative financial products. We will not be liable for any direct or indirect loss of anyindividual or in

123、stitution as a result of using SusallWave FIN-ESG Data.2. SusallWave do not consider recipients as customers for receiving these data. When using the data, recipients shall make your own independent judgment accordingto your practical individual status. The contents of the data reflect the judgment

124、of us only on the release day. We have right to update and amend the data andrelease other data that contains inconsistent contents or different conclusions without notification. Unless expressly stated, the data (e.g., financial performance data)represents past performance only and the past perform

125、ance cannot be viewed as the prediction of future return.3. The copyright of this data belongs to SusallWave, and we reserve all rights in accordance with the law. Without the prior written permission of our company, noneof individual or institution can use these data for any profitable purpose. Bes

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127、ctions. If any loss of SusallWave or any third-party is caused by those actions, users shall bear the correspondingcompensation liability.SusallWave shall not be responsible for any loss.4. If any term is not contained in this disclaimer but written in other agreements on our website (e.g. User Regi

128、stration Protocol of SusallWave Website, User Service(including authentication) Agreement of SusallWave Website, Privacy Policy of Susallwave Website), it should be executed according to other agreements. If there isany difference between this disclaim and other agreements, this disclaimer shall be

129、applied.45APPENDIX 2重要免責聲明:重要免責聲明:非印度證券的研究報告非印度證券的研究報告:本報告由海通國際證券集團有限公司(“HTISGL”)的全資附屬公司海通國際研究有限公司(“HTIRL”)發行,該公司是根據香港證券及期貨條例(第571章)持有第4類受規管活動(就證券提供意見)的持牌法團。該研究報告在HTISGL的全資附屬公司Haitong International (Japan)K.K.(“HTIJKK”)的協助下發行,HTIJKK是由日本關東財務局監管為投資顧問。印度證券的研究報告:印度證券的研究報告:本報告由從事證券交易、投資銀行及證券分析及受Securitie

130、s and Exchange Board of India(“SEBI”)監管的Haitong Securities IndiaPrivate Limited(“HTSIPL”)所發行,包括制作及發布涵蓋BSE Limited(“BSE”)和National Stock Exchange of India Limited(“NSE”)上市公司(統稱為印度交易所)的研究報告。HTSIPL于2016年12月22日被收購并成為海通國際證券集團有限公司(“HTISG”)的一部分。所有研究報告均以海通國際為名作為全球品牌,經許可由海通國際證券股份有限公司及/或海通國際證券集團的其他成員在其司法管轄區發布

131、。本文件所載信息和觀點已被編譯或源自可靠來源,但HTIRL、HTISCL或任何其他屬于海通國際證券集團有限公司(“HTISG”)的成員對其準確性、完整性和正確性不做任何明示或暗示的聲明或保證。本文件中所有觀點均截至本報告日期,如有更改,恕不另行通知。本文件僅供參考使用。文件中提及的任何公司或其股票的說明并非意圖展示完整的內容,本文件并非/不應被解釋為對證券買賣的明示或暗示地出價或征價。在某些司法管轄區,本文件中提及的證券可能無法進行買賣。如果投資產品以投資者本國貨幣以外的幣種進行計價,則匯率變化可能會對投資產生不利影響。過去的表現并不一定代表將來的結果。某些特定交易,包括設計金融衍生工具的,有

132、產生重大風險的可能性,因此并不適合所有的投資者。您還應認識到本文件中的建議并非為您量身定制。分析師并未考慮到您自身的財務情況,如您的財務狀況和風險偏好。因此您必須自行分析并在適用的情況下咨詢自己的法律、稅收、會計、金融和其他方面的專業顧問,以期在投資之前評估該項建議是否適合于您。若由于使用本文件所載的材料而產生任何直接或間接的損失,HTISG及其董事、雇員或代理人對此均不承擔任何責任。除對本文內容承擔責任的分析師除外,HTISG及我們的關聯公司、高級管理人員、董事和雇員,均可不時作為主事人就本文件所述的任何證券或衍生品持有長倉或短倉以及進行買賣。HTISG的銷售員、交易員和其他專業人士均可向H

133、TISG的相關客戶和公司提供與本文件所述意見相反的口頭或書面市場評論意見或交易策略。HTISG可做出與本文件所述建議或意見不一致的投資決策。但HTIRL沒有義務來確保本文件的收件人了解到該等交易決定、思路或建議。請訪問海通國際網站 ,查閱更多有關海通國際為預防和避免利益沖突設立的組織和行政安排的內容信息。非美國分析師披露信息:非美國分析師披露信息:本項研究首頁上列明的海通國際分析師并未在FINRA進行注冊或者取得相應的資格,并且不受美國FINRA有關與本項研究目標公司進行溝通、公開露面和自營證券交易的第2241條規則之限制。46APPENDIX 2IMPORTANT DISCLAIMERFor

134、 research reports on non-Indian securities: The research report is issued by Haitong International Research Limited (“HTIRL”), a wholly owned subsidiary ofHaitong International Securities Group Limited (“HTISGL”) and a licensed corporation to carry on Type 4 regulated activity (advising on securitie

135、s) for the purpose ofthe Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571) of Hong Kong, with the assistance of Haitong International (Japan) K.K. (“HTIJKK”), a wholly owned subsidiary ofHTISGL and which is regulated as an Investment Adviser by the Kanto Finance Bureau of Japan.For research reports on Ind

136、ian securities: The research report is issued by Haitong Securities India Private Limited (“HSIPL”), an Indian company and a Securitiesand Exchange Board of India (“SEBI”) registered Stock Broker, Merchant Banker and Research Analyst that, inter alia, produces and distributes research reportscoverin

137、g listed entities on the BSE Limited (“BSE”) and the National Stock Exchange of India Limited (“NSE”) (collectively referred to as “Indian Exchanges”). HSIPLwas acquired and became part of the Haitong International Securities Group of Companies (“HTISG”) on 22 December 2016.All the research reports

138、are globally branded under the name Haitong International and approved for distribution by Haitong International Securities CompanyLimited (“HTISCL”) and/or any other members within HTISG in their respective jurisdictions.The information and opinions contained in this research report have been compi

139、led or arrived at from sources believed to be reliable and in good faith but norepresentation or warranty, express or implied, is made by HTIRL, HTISCL, HSIPL, HTIJKK or any other members within HTISG from which this research report maybe received, as to their accuracy, completeness or correctness.

140、All opinions expressed herein are as of the date of this research report and are subject to changewithout notice. This research report is for information purpose only. Descriptions of any companies or their securities mentioned herein are not intended to becomplete and this research report is not, a

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168、e, 12thFloorNew York, NY 10173Attn: Sales Desk at (212) 351 6050中華人民共和國的通知事項:中華人民共和國的通知事項:在中華人民共和國(下稱“中國”,就本報告目的而言,不包括香港特別行政區、澳門特別行政區和臺灣)只有根據適用的中國法律法規而收到該材料的人員方可使用該材料。并且根據相關法律法規,該材料中的信息并不構成“在中國從事生產、經營活動”。本文件在中國并不構成相關證券的公共發售或認購。無論根據法律規定或其他任何規定,在取得中國政府所有的批準或許可之前,任何法人或自然人均不得直接或間接地購買本材料中的任何證券或任何實益權益。接收本

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172、部分,交易所衍生品合約和場外衍生品合約的建議(b)發行或公布有關證券、交易所衍生品合約和場外衍生品合約的研究分析或研究報告。本研究報告僅提供給符合證券及期貨法(第289章)第4A條項下規定的機構投資者。對于因本研究報告而產生的或與之相關的任何問題,本研究報告的收件人應通過以下信息與HTISSPL聯系:Haitong International Securities (Singapore) Pte. Ltd50 Raffles Place, #33-03 Singapore Land Tower, Singapore 048623電話: (65) 6536 192051APPENDIX 2日本投

173、資者的通知事項:日本投資者的通知事項:本研究報告由海通國際證券有限公司所發布,旨在分發給從事投資管理的金融服務提供商或注冊金融機構(根據日本金融機構和交易法(“FIEL”)第61(1)條,第17-11(1)條的執行及相關條款)。英國及歐盟投資者的通知事項:英國及歐盟投資者的通知事項:本報告由從事投資顧問的Haitong International Securities Company Limited所發布,本報告只面向有投資相關經驗的專業客戶發布。任何投資或與本報告相關的投資行為只面對此類專業客戶。沒有投資經驗或相關投資經驗的客戶不得依賴本報告。Haitong International Se

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175、3/1102、03/1103或03/1099號規章在澳大利亞分發本項研究,該等規章免除了根據2001年公司法在澳大利亞為批發客戶提供金融服務時海通國際需持有澳大利亞金融服務許可的要求。ASIC的規章副本可在以下網站獲?。簑ww.legislation.gov.au。海通國際提供的金融服務受外國法律法規規定的管制,該等法律與在澳大利亞所適用的法律存在差異。印度投資者的通知事項:印度投資者的通知事項:本報告由從事證券交易、投資銀行及證券分析及受Securities and Exchange Board of India(“SEBI”)監管的Haitong Securities IndiaPriva

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