魏戰勇-現代化養殖場獸醫體系建立的初步思考.pdf

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1、現代化養殖場獸醫體系建設的思考Reflections on the Construction of A Modern Farm Veterinary System魏戰勇 教授/博導Wei Zhanyong,Professor/Doctoral Supervisor河南農業大學動物醫學院College of Veterinary Medicine,Henan Agricultural University動物病原與生物安全教育部重點實驗室Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogens and Biosafety(Ministry of Education)2024.4 鄭州

2、April 2024,Zhengzhou一帶一路國際生豬產業大會序Introduction治重病、治初病、防未病Severe disease treatment,early disease intervention&disease prevention分子診斷實驗室Molecular diagnostic laboratory非洲豬瘟African swine fever(ASF)動物衛生防疫法Law on Animal Epidemic Prevention國家與養殖場獸醫體系的區別The difference between the national and farm-level vete

3、rinary systems一帶一路國際生豬產業大會現代化養殖場獸醫體系建設必要性Necessities of the Modern Farm Veterinary System Construction一現代化養殖場獸醫體系建設內容Contents of the Modern Farm Veterinary System Construction二現代化養殖場獸醫體系建設過程Process of the Modern Farm Veterinary System Construction三匯報提綱Outline of the Presentation一帶一路國際生豬產業大會一、現代化養殖場獸

4、醫體系建設必要性1.Necessities of the Modern Farm Veterinary System Construction規?；B殖場發展的迫切需要；Its the urgent need for the development of intensive farms;蛋雞存欄量、禽蛋產量、生豬存欄量、出欄量等均為第一；The layer inventory,poultry egg production,pig inventory,and pig output all rank first;養殖場規?；粩嘣黾?，養禽CR10占40%，生豬CR12占全國1/6。Intensiv

5、e farming is continuously developing,with the poultry industry CR10=40%and the pig industry CR12=one-sixth of the national total.（一）我國養殖行業發展情況的需要(1)To meet the development needs of Chinas farming industry規?；B殖Intensive farming中國生豬產業國際占比International share of Chinas pig industryCR1040%CR536%CR224%養禽業

6、CR占比Share of CR in poultry industry一帶一路國際生豬產業大會畜禽Livestock and poultry養殖周期/天Farming cycl(days)凈利潤（元/羽或頭）Net profit(yuan per bird or head)蛋雞Layer54015肉雞Broiler402羊Sheep400100牛Cattle4501000豬Pig17060-80一、現代化養殖場獸醫體系建設必要性1.Necessities of the Modern Farm Veterinary System Construction畜禽養殖周期與利潤Livestock&Po

7、ultry Farming Cycle and Profitability（二）養殖行業“微利時代”的需要(2)Being needed in a low-profit era for the livestock&poultry industry一帶一路國際生豬產業大會一、現代化養殖場獸醫體系建設必要性1.Necessities of the Modern Farm Veterinary System Construction（二）養殖行業“微利時代”的需要(2)Being needed in a low-profit era for the livestock&poultry industr

8、y利潤降低Lower profits品種質量低Low breed quality仔豬存活少Low piglet survival育肥豬生長慢Slow growth of fattening pigs人工成本高High labor costs用地成本高High cost of land環保壓力大High pressure on environmental protection一帶一路國際生豬產業大會一、現代化養殖場獸醫體系建設必要性1.Necessities of the Modern Farm Veterinary System Construction品種改良 Breed improveme

9、nt40.00%營養飼料 Nutrition&Feed20.00%疾病防控 Disease prevention&control15.00%繁殖與行為 Reproduction&behaviors10.00%其他 Others15.00%我國大型豬企養殖效益占比Proportion of Profitability in Chinas Large-scale Pig Farming Enterprises飼料 Feed50%豬種Breeding pig20%飼養管理 Feeding management10%疾病控制 Disease control10%土地、資本等 Land,capital,

10、etc10%我國大型豬企養殖成本組成Composition of Farming Costs of Large-Scale Pig Farming Enterprises in China疾病防控是一個系統的、復雜的工程，需要更專業的隊伍來完成，因此現代化養殖企業需要有更為專門的獸醫體系。Disease prevention and control is a systematic and complex program that requires a more specialized team to complete,so modern farming enterprises need a m

11、ore specialized veterinary system.（三）精細化生物安全防控管理的需要(3)Being needed for precise biosafety prevention and control 一帶一路國際生豬產業大會二、現代化養殖場獸醫體系建設內容2.Contents of the Modern Farm Veterinary System Construction理論獸醫Theoretical Veterinarians決策機構Decision-Making Body實踐獸醫Practicing Veterinarians執行機構Executive Agenc

12、y生產獸醫Production Veterinarians落實機構Implementation Unit（一）現代化養殖場獸醫的分類 (1)Classification of Veterinarians on Modern Farms一帶一路國際生豬產業大會二、現代化養殖場獸醫體系建設內容2.Contents of the Modern Farm Veterinary System Construction 具有豐富臨床經驗并能夠將實踐知識上升到理論水平，且能夠有效指導實踐獸醫的獸醫，是實踐獸醫的指導者。Veterinarians who have extensive clinical exp

13、erience,have the ability to explain practical knowledge in theories,and give practicing veterinarians effective guidance.They are guides to practicing veterinarians.（二）理論獸醫 (2)Theoretical Veterinarians組成Composition定位Positioning職責Responsibility針對養殖集團層面而建立，并非針對某個養殖場建立Established at the farming group l

14、evel,not for particular farms.具有經驗的獸醫、科研人員、其他具有疫病防控新思路人員Experienced veterinarians,researchers,others with new ideas on disease prevention and control防控措施制定、指導實施、評估，防控理念設計、防控體系構建Formulation of prevention and control measures,guidance for implementation and evaluation,design of prevention and control

15、concepts,construction of prevention and control systems一帶一路國際生豬產業大會二、現代化養殖場獸醫體系建設內容2.Contents of the Modern Farm Veterinary System Construction（二）理論獸醫 (2)Theoretical Veterinarian 工作職責 Job Responsibilitiesl分析動物疾病流行情況Analyzing the prevalence of animal diseasesl監測養殖場疾病Monitoring diseases in farms1l制定防控

16、目標和任務Setting objectives and tasks for disease prevention and controll治療、預防、控制措施Treatment,prevention,control measuresl生物安全 Biosafety2l養殖場實際需求的科學研究Scientific researches required by farms in practicel安全生產Safe Productionl動物報復及福利Animal protection and welfare3(1)制定疫情預警機制Developing early warning mechanisms

17、 for epidemics(2)構建疾病防控技術體系Establishing technical systems for disease prevention and control(3)構建疾病防控理念體系Establishing conceptual frameworks for disease prevention and control一帶一路國際生豬產業大會二、現代化養殖場獸醫體系建設內容2.Contents of the Modern Farm Veterinary System Construction實踐獸醫是養殖場理論獸醫理念的執行者和實踐者。Practicing vete

18、rinarians who apply and implement the ideas from theoretical veterinarians in farms.養殖場疾病流行病學分析預警Epidemiologic analysis and early warning for diseases may exist in farms養殖場動物健康評估Health assessment for animals in farms養殖場疾病診斷和治療Disease diagnosis and treatment for farms養殖場疫病防控措施的實施和效果評估Implementation a

19、nd assessment of the effectiveness of disease prevention and control measures on farms（三）實踐獸醫 (3)Practicing Veterinarian實踐獸醫Practicing Veterinarians一帶一路國際生豬產業大會二、現代化養殖場獸醫體系建設內容2.Contents of the Modern Farm Veterinary System Construction（三）實踐獸醫 (3)Practical Veterinarian建立疾病流行模型 Establishing disease e

20、pidemiology models建立預警系統 Setting up warning systems疾病流行病學分析調查Epidemiologic analysis and investigation of diseases抗體、抗原檢測 Antibody and antigen testing流行菌株（包括耐藥性）檢測Detection of prevailing strains(including drug resistance)動物健康評估Animal health evaluation效果評估 Effectiveness evaluation質量安全評價 Quality and sa

21、fety assessment藥物和疫苗評估Drug and vaccine evaluation依據對養殖場中存在的疫病防控問題提出建議Propose suggestions based on the problems of on-farm disease prevention and control提供新的防控措施建議Provide new suggestions for prevention and control measures防控措施 Prevention and control measures大數據平臺建設、智能軟件管理Big Data platform constructio

22、n,intelligent software management實施理論獸醫提出的策略Implement strategies proposed by theoretical veterinarians 工作職責 Job Responsibilities一帶一路國際生豬產業大會二、現代化養殖場獸醫體系建設內容2.Contents of the Modern Farm Veterinary System Construction生產獸醫是理論獸醫和實踐獸醫在某一養殖場的具體操作者。Production veterinarians are operators who actually take

23、the actions required by theoretical or practicing veterinarians in a certain farm.（四）生產獸醫 (4)Production Veterinarian養殖場藥物疫苗使用Administration of drugs and vaccinesin farms疾病監測和健康評估樣品采集Sampling for disease monitoring and health assessment生物安全防控措施執行Implementing biosafety prevention and control measures動

24、物健康有關數據輸入Inputting data related to animal health 一帶一路國際生豬產業大會二、現代化養殖場獸醫體系建設內容2.Contents of the Modern Farm Veterinary System Construction（五）獸醫體系架構 (5)Structure of the Veterinary System 理論獸醫Theoretical Veterinarian實踐獸醫Practicing Veterinarian生產獸醫Production Veterinarian三層架構Three-Tier Structure理論獸醫Theor

25、etical Veterinarian實踐獸醫Practicing Veterinarian二層架構Two-Tier Structure適合于超大型養殖場或者目前正處于多項獸醫工作內容完善階段的大型規?；B殖場。Suitable for super-large farms or large-scale farms currently undergoing the improvement of multiple veterinary work contents.適合于獸醫工作有待完善的大型養殖場或需要實踐獸醫較多的養殖場。Suitable for large farms where veteri

26、nary work needs further improvement or farms that require more practicing veterinarians.適合獸醫工作基本完善的大型養殖場，且主要經營者是具備理論獸醫水平的養殖人員。Suitable for large farms whose veterinary works are basically complete,and majoy operators of which are stock-keepers with knowledge and skills required for theoretical veter

27、inarians.實踐獸醫Practicing Veterinarian生產獸醫Production Veterinarian一帶一路國際生豬產業大會二、現代化養殖場獸醫體系建設內容2.Contents of the Modern Farm Veterinary System Construction（六）規?；B殖場獸醫體系規模 (6)The Scale of Veterinary Systems in Large-Scale Farms規?；?、智能化完善：理論獸醫少，實踐獸醫多，生產獸醫隨養殖規模確定Complete intensive farming system and intelli

28、gentization:Fewer theoretical veterinarians,more practicing veterinarians,number of production veterinarians is determined by the scale of farming規?；?、智能化初期：理論獸醫與實踐獸醫均較多In the early stage towards intensive farming and intelligentization:Many theoretical and practicing veterinarians一帶一路國際生豬產業大會三、現代化養殖

29、場獸醫體系建設過程3.Process of the Modern Farm Veterinary System Construction（一）獸醫體系建設的硬件要求 (1)Hardware Requirements for Veterinary System Construction理論獸醫配套硬件Supporting Hardware for Theoretical Veterinarians數據存儲中心Data Storage Center信息管理平臺Information Management Platform一帶一路國際生豬產業大會三、現代化養殖場獸醫體系建設過程3.Process o

30、f the Modern Farm Veterinary System Construction（一）獸醫體系建設的硬件要求(1)Hardware Requirements for Veterinary System Construction實踐獸醫配套硬件Supporting Hardware for Practical Veterinarians核酸檢測室Nucleic Acid Testing Laboratory免疫學檢測室Immunology Testing Laboratory樣品儲存設備Sample Storage Equipment獸醫培訓設備Veterinary Traini

31、ng Equipment一帶一路國際生豬產業大會三、現代化養殖場獸醫體系建設過程3.Process of the Modern Farm Veterinary System Construction（一）獸醫體系建設的硬件要求(1)Hardware Requirements for Veterinary System Construction生產獸醫配套硬件Supporting Hardware for Production Veterinarians藥品儲藏室Medicine Storage Room疾病動物處置室Diseased Animal Disposal Room動物隔離室Anima

32、l Quarantine Room生物安全管理設備Biosecurity Management Equipment一帶一路國際生豬產業大會三、現代化養殖場獸醫體系建設過程3.Process of the Modern Farm Veterinary System Construction（二）獸醫體系建設的管理要求 (2)Management Requirements for Veterinary System Construction 管理體系：完善各類獸醫的職責和內容，建立相應的獸醫管理體系。Management system:Make clear the duties and work

33、contents of different veterinarians and establish corresponding veterinary management systems.培訓體系：疾病控制與診療、畜舍設計、環境控制、生產管理、營養調控、精準育種、人工智能、法律法規等。Training System:Disease control,diagnosis,and treatment;animal housing design;environmental control;production management;nutritional regulation;precision br

34、eeding;artificial intelligence;laws and regulations;etc 聯系官方獸醫：現代化養殖企業獸醫要在官方獸醫或者動物衛生監督部門領導下開展工作，并及時匯報獸醫相關工作。Contact with official veterinarians:Veterinarians of modern farming enterprises must work under the leadership of official veterinarians or animal health supervision authorities and report on

35、veterinary-related work promptly.一帶一路國際生豬產業大會建設前期Early Stage建設后期Late Stage三、現代化養殖場獸醫體系建設過程3.Process of the Modern Farm Veterinary System Construction（三）獸醫體系建設的過程 (3)The Process of Building the Veterinary System獸醫隊伍Veterinary Team硬件設施Hardware Facility軟件設施Software Facility管理體系Management System 循序漸進、不斷

36、完善，前期隊伍和硬件、后期管理和軟件。Make it step by step with continuous improvement.Focus on team and hardware in the early stage and management and software in the late stage.一帶一路國際生豬產業大會三、現代化養殖場獸醫體系建設過程3.Process of the Modern Farm Veterinary System Construction 規?；B殖模式Intensive Farming Model公司+基地的養殖模式：先建立生產獸醫和實踐獸

37、醫結合體系，后完善管理體系和建設理論獸醫體系。Company+Base model:First,establish a system that combines production veterinarians and practicing veterinarians,then improve the management system and build a theoretical veterinarian system.公司+農戶的養殖模式：先建立實踐獸醫和理論獸醫體系，并強化生產獸醫管理體系。Company+Contracted Farmers model:First,establish

38、 a system that engages practicing and theoretical veterinarians,and then strengthen the production veterinarian management system.（三）獸醫體系建設的過程(3)The Process of Building the Veterinary System公司+基地Company+Base公司+農戶Company+Contracted Farmers一帶一路國際生豬產業大會三、現代化養殖場獸醫體系建設過程3.Process of the Modern Farm Veter

39、inary System Construction 規?；潭饶Ｊ絊cale-oriented Model大型養殖集團：理論獸醫體系決定大型養殖集團的生死存亡Large-scale farming groups:Theoretical veterinarian systems determine the survival of a large farming group中等及一下規模養殖企業：建設好實踐獸醫和生產獸醫體系，并隨著規?；潭鹊脑黾又鸩介_始理論獸醫體系的建設Medium and below scale farming enterprises:Complete the system

40、that engages practicing and production veterinarians first and then start the construction of a theoretical veterinarian system with the gradual increase of scale.（三）獸醫體系建設的過程(3)The Process of Building the Veterinary System一帶一路國際生豬產業大會河河南南農農業業大大學學動動物物分分子子病病原原學學團團隊隊Animal Molecular Etiology Team of H

41、enan Agricultural University一帶一路國際生豬產業大會謝謝 謝謝!Thank you!魏戰勇 教授/博導Wei Zhanyong,Professor/Doctoral Supervisor河南農業大學動物醫學院College of Veterinary Medicine,Henan Agricultural University動物病原與生物安全教育部重點實驗室Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen and Biosafety(Ministry of Education)2024.4 鄭州April 2024,Zhengzhou現代化養殖場獸醫體系建設的思考Reflections on the Construction of A Modern Farm Veterinary System一帶一路國際生豬產業大會