Enhancing Telecommunications for the Future Integrating Sustainability and Efficiency into Central Offices.pdf

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1、Integrating Sustainability and Efficiency into Central OfficesEnhancing Telecommunications for the FutureSara Mollaeivaneghi,Research Assistant,Technical University of DarmstadtKirill Kuroptev,Research Assistant,Technical University of DarmstadtEnhancing Telecommunications for the FutureDC SUSTAINAB

2、ILITYTELCOSUSTAINABILITYConclusion and Outlook4Flexibility in Teleco.Networks3Local Optimization Strategies for Individual COs2The Evolving Role of Telecommunication COs1AgendaThe Evolving Role of Telecommunication COshttps:/ primarily on connectivity and capacity,overlooking the importance of susta

3、inability and operational efficiency Explosion of data traffic Advent of cloud computing Demand for high speed and reliabilityTechnological advancementsSwitching CentersThe Evolving Role of Telecommunication COsThe Evolving Role of Telecommunication COsEnergy-intensive operationof TelecommunicationN

4、etworksIn 2012 Deutsche Telekom was the second-largest electricity consumer in GermanyIn 2019 the landline communication network consumed 2,6 TWh 0,5%of electricity in GermanyReductionof energy consumptionand emissions in all sectors necessary including ICT sector Renewable energyLocal and Network-w

5、ide Optimization of COshttps:/www.centraloffice2030.de/Conclusion and Outlook4Concept of Flexibility in Teleco.Networks3Local Optimization Strategies for Individual COs2Evolving Role of Telecommunication COs1AgendaLocal Optimization Strategies for Individual COsTask:Determine the technical and econo

6、mical optimal CO configurationWhich constraints need to be met for theCOs operation?ETSI-EN 300 019-1-3,Class 3.1ConstraintsWhich strategies exist to improve COs energy efficiency?HVAC optimization incl.Air flow management Energy storages(thermal&electrical)&DER Insulation of hull(wall and roof)Opti

7、onsOptimization problem determining best configuration according to optimal operation!Local Optimization Strategies for Individual COsSimplified thermal model of COs,Server,+,=,=,=,+,=Air,0,=,1,Local Optimization Strategies for Individual COs ,=,1 ,min,(,=1,t+,+,)(6.1)subject to,+,+,+,=(6.2)0 ,(6.3)

8、0 ,(6.4)0 ,(6.5),=1,+,+1,(6.6)0 /,/,(6.7)0 ,(6.8)=,+,t =,+,+,(6.9),+,=,(6.10)(6.11)(6.12)Cost functionmin cost=Electrical energy balance EquationEnergy from Grid LimitCO owns supply LimitBattery EquationBattery Charging limitBattery Capacity limitElectic demand EquationThermal energy balance Equatio

9、nThermal energy balance EquationRoom temperature LimitsInput:cGrid,tcCO,tDtelOutput:PtGrid,elPtCO,elStin,elOptimal operationplan that ensureslowest OPEXLocal Optimization Strategies for Individual COsReference scenarioClimate twinRoof insulation-11,44%-13,15%Wall insulation3,69%3,16%Cold aisle conta

10、inment-63,84%-65,45%PCM thermal storage-2,05%-1,61%Extensive cooling of floor-0,96%-0,77%Cost savings of different technologies given the cost optimal operation of Cos,compared to no technology usedClimate twin scenario for climate change effect estimation:Central office moved from Frankfurt(Germany

11、)to Toulouse(southern France)Local Optimization Strategies for Individual COsReference Reference scenarioscenarioClimate Climate twintwinBaseBase1,121,121,131,13Roof Roof insulationinsulation1,111,11Wall Wall insulationinsulation1,121,14Cold aisle containment1,041,05=(In general lower for routing ce

12、nters)Wall insulation effectseems negative most of the year!PUE of different technologies given the cost optimal operation of COsConclusion and Outlook4Flexibility in Teleco.Networks3Local Optimization Strategies for Individual COs2Evolving Role of Telecommunication COs1AgendaFlexibility in Teleco.N

13、etworksIntegration of volatile renewableenergy demands for Demand Side Management,i.e.FlexibilityICT-Sector capable of Flexibility in space and timeFlexibility in Teleco.Networksdemandworkloadenergy demand Telecommunicationtraffic(non-shiftable)Production workload(shiftable)Power consumptionIT-equip

14、ment(base load)Power consumptioncooling and auxiliaries(RLT load)supplyenergy supply Grid power consumption Own generation i.e.solar energy storage device,(i.e.battery,thermal storage)influencing factors Outside air temperature Solar yield Installed energy storage capacity&power Power purchasingstra

15、tegy Volatilityof energy prices Local grid fees CO2-instensity and-costscost related to energy consumptionFlexibility in Teleco.NetworksObjectives:Investigate the economic aspectsof flexibility in the telecommunicationscompanys centralofficesFind an economically optimal solution for demandshift and

16、flexibilityplanning that is robust and takes into account temporal and spatialdemandshiftingMinimize CO2-emissions through efficient demand shifting and energy management practicesEvaluation of the COs Flexibility PotentialFormulation of the Flexibility Planning(I/III)ObjectiveFunction:Minimize cost

17、 of energy consumption consisting ofCosts of consumed electricityCosts of grid usageCosts of CO2-emissionsfor all COs/Regions and all hours of the period under investigationwith pigrid(t),electricity consumption from grid as decision variableEnergy Balance Constraint:Balance of supply sideGrid consu

18、mptionPV own generationBattery dischargeand demand sideLoad on IT-equipmentBattery chargeSpatial-shifted loadLoad of the cooling-systemEl.equivalentof charge/dischargeof thermal storageWith decision variablespigrid(t),electricity consumption from gridpi_(t),pi_(t),usage of battery storagepi_(t),rece

19、ived(0)/shifted(0)loads due to spatial load shiftpi_(t),pi_(t),usage of thermal storageScenarios and Parameter VariationParameterBaselineWorst Case ScenarioGreen CO ScenarioVirtual CO Scenario5%_20%Battery capacity20%of installed lead-acid batterycapacity(peak power for 20 Minutes)Thermal storage ca

20、pacity/PV own generation0,1%of energy consumptionShare of certificates53%Outside Air TemperatureDataset DWD per locationElectricity pricesDay-ahead prices 2022Grid feesGrid fees per locationCO2-intensity of gridconsumption434 gCO2/kWhCO2-costs80/tCO2Flexibility in Teleco.Networks-0.14%-0.44%-0.65%-1

21、.80%-1.30%-0.80%-0.30%0.20%20,00040,00060,00080,000100,000120,000Relative Change to Status quoTotal Cost 10 EUR-0.24%0.26%0.00%0.10%0.20%0.30%0.40%0.50%0.60%0.70%020,00040,00060,00080,000Relative Change to Status quoTotal Emissions tCO2-0.29%-1.58%-0.86%-2.00%-1.50%-1.00%-0.50%0.00%020,00040,00060,0

22、0080,000100,000120,000Worst CaseGreen COVirtual CORelative Change Total Cost 10 EURBefore OptimizationOptimized0.14%0.60%0.24%0.00%0.20%0.40%0.60%0.80%020,00040,00060,00080,000100,000Worst CaseGreen COVirtual CORelative ChangeTotal Emissions tCO2Before OptimizationOptimizedSimulation Results for Bas

23、eline ScenarioSimulation Results for Scenarios 2030Conclusion and Outlook4Concept of Flexibility in Teleco.Networks3Local Optimization Strategies for Individual COs2Evolving Role of Telecommunication COs1AgendaConclusion Local optimization strategies(roof insulation and cold aisle containment)+Flexi

24、bility in Telecommunication COs can be utilized to reduce costs related to energyconsumption based on time-dependent price fluctuations temporal flexibility(energy storage)locally different grid tariffs spatial flexibility(shifting of IT workload)reduced grid charges due to reduced peak loads tempor

25、al and spatial flexibility Only minor cost reduction with flexibility utilization in COs Optimization leads to an increase in emissions due to losses when using energy storageNext Sprehensive sensitivity analysis on various parametersPrice volatility of the spot marketStorage capacitiesIncluding PPA

26、 scenarios for percentages of demand2.identifying parameter values leading to significant cost savingsDeveloping a predictive framework useful for Telecommunication companies planning purposesCall to ActionLets create a blueprint for sustainable and efficient central officesLets consider a common de

27、sign for ICT and energy togetherTell us your experience with telecommunication and DC sustainabilityProject webpage:https:/www.centraloffice2030.de/Thank you!Open DiscussionTechno-economic local optimization problemmin,ery,=1Grid,Grid,t+CO,CO,+,Formulation of the Flexibility Planning(II/III)Spatial

28、Shift Constraint:Shiftable load per CO/Region limited to percentage i_of IT-load and receivableload per CO/Region is limited to percentagei_of IT-loadAt all times,all shifted loads must be equal to all received loadsBattery Constraint:Battery State of Charge dependenton pi_(t),pi_(t),usage of batter

29、y storage and efficiency lossesInitial battery charge i,Minimum and maximum charge levels of the battery i,i,Limiting battery charge and discharge power to maximum power limit ofthe battery i,Formulation of the Flexibility Planning(III/III)Thermal Storage Constraint:State of Charge dependenton pi_(t

30、),pi_(t),usage of thermal storage and efficiency lossesInitial charge level of thermal storage i,_Minimum and maximum charge levels of the battery i,_,i,_Limiting battery charge and discharge power to maximum power limit ofthe battery i,_Grid Power Constraint:Limiting maximum drawn power from grid to the house connectionpower pi,